Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation

(Deemed to be University)

ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

A Project Based Lab Report

On

SPEED CONTROL ON DC MOTOR

SUBMITTED BY:
I.D NUMBER NAME

180060015 D.SAI PAVANTEZ

180060016 P.VINAY VARDHAN

180060017 S. SUBBARAO

180060018 K.NAGARJUNA

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

Mr.M.SAI KRISHNA REDDY

&

Mr.K.P.PRASAD RAO

KL UNIVERSITY
Green fields, Vaddeswaram – 522 502
Guntur Dt., AP, India.
 DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project base

laboratory report entitled “SPEED CONTROL ON DC MOTOR” submitted by Mr.
S.SUBBARAO, D.SAI PAVANTEZ, P.VINAY VARDHAN, K.NAGARJUNA bearing
Regd. No. 180060017,180060015,180060016,180060018 to the Department of
ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING, KL University in partial
fulfillment of the requirements for the completion of a project based Laboratory
in “TECHNICAL SKILLS-3(MATLAB)”course in II B Tech I Semester, is a bonafide
record of the work carried out by him/her under my supervision during the
academic year 2019 – 2020.

PROJECT SUPERVISOR HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT

MR.M.SAI KRISHNA REDDY DR.S.V.LALITHA

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

It is great pleasure for me to express my gratitude to our honorable

President Sri. Koneru Satyanarayana, for giving the opportunity and platform
with facilities in accomplishing the project based laboratory report.

I express the sincere gratitude to our principal Prof Dr.K.SUBBA RAO

for his administration towards our academic growth.

I express sincere gratitude to HOD-EEE Dr.S.V.N.LALITHA for his

leadership and constant motivation provided in successful completion of our
academic semester. I record it as my privilege to deeply thank for providing us
the efficient faculty and facilities to make our ideas into reality.

I express my sincere thanks to our project supervisor Mr.M.SAI KRISHNA REDDY

for his/her novel association of ideas, encouragement, appreciation and

intellectual zeal which motivated us to venture this project successfully.

Finally, it is pleased to acknowledge the indebtedness to all those who

devoted themselves directly or indirectly to make this project report success.

180060015 D.SAI PAVANTEZ

180060016 P.VINAY VARDHAN

180060017 S. SUBBARAO

180060018 K.NAGARJUNA
 ABSTRACT

IN INDUSTRY DC MOTOR IS WIDELY USES FOR SPEED

CONTROL AND LOAD CHARACTERISTICS, IT'S EASY
CONTROLLABILITY PROVIDE EFFECTIVE AND PRECISE OUTPUT SO
APPLICATION OF DC MOTOR IS LARGE FOR COMMERCIAL
PURPOSE. SPEED CONTROL OF DC MOTOR IS VERY CRUCIAL IN
APPLICATION WHERE REQUIRED SPEED IS PRECISION AND
CORRECTING SIGNAL REPRESENTING AND TO OPERATE MOTOR AT
CONSTANT SPEED,
 INDEX
S.NO TITLE PAGE NO

1 INTRODUCTION 1

2 AIM OF THE PROJECT 2

3 APPARATUS 3

4 SIMULATION DIAGRAMS 4-5

5 TABLES 6

6. GRAPHS 7

7 PROCEDURE 8

8 ADVANTAGES &DISADVANTAGES 9

9 CONCLUSION 10

10 REFERENCE 11
 INTRODUCTION
we want to control the speed of a DC motor on demand. This intentional change
of drive speed is known as speed control of a DC motor.
Speed control of a DC motor is either done manually by the operator or by
means of an automatic control device. This is different to speed regulation –
where the speed is trying to be maintained (or ‘regulated’) against the natural
change in speed due to a change in the load on the shaft.
The speed of a DC motor (N) is equal to:

Therefore speed of the 3 types of DC motors – shunt, series and compound –

can be controlled by changing the quantities on the right-hand side of the
equation above.

Hence the speed can be varied by changing:

1. The terminal voltage of the armature, V.

2. The external resistance in armature circuit, Ra.
3. The flux per pole, φ.
Terminal voltage and external resistance involve a change that affects the
armature circuit, while flux involves a change in the magnetic field. Therefore
speed control of DC motor can be classified into:
1. Armature Control Methods
2. Field Control Methods
 AIM
TO FIND THE SIMULATION OF ARMATURE- CONTROLLED AND FIELD

CONTROLLED DC MOTOR USING THE MATLAB/SIMULINK.

 APPARATUS
BY USING MATLAB/SIMULINK:-

FROM THE SIMULINK BROWESER

1. DC MACHINE

2 .DC VOLTAGE SOURCE

3. IDEAL SWITCH

4. PULSE GENERATOR

5. BUS SELECTOR

6. SCOPE

7. DISPLAY

8. POWER GUI

9. GROUND SOURCE

10. CONSTANT
DIAGRAMS
TABLE:-
ARMATURE –CONTROLLED DC MOTOR

S.NO DUTY CYCLE SPEED

1 10 317

2 20 355.2

3 30 360

4 40 360.5

5 50 360.6

6 60 360.6

FIELD CONTROLLED DC MOTOR

S.NO DUTY CYCLE SPEED

1 10 84.78

2 20 99.24

3 30 103.03

4 40 104.0

5 50 104.3

6 60 104.3
GRAPHS:-
 PROCEDURE
Basic information of speed control of dc motor
The speed of DC motor is directly proportional to armature voltage and
inversely proportional to flux in field winding. In armature controlled DC motor
the desired speed is obtained by varying the armature voltage. This
speed control system is an electro-mechanical control system. We will
discuss transfer function of armature controlled dc motor.

The electrical system consists of the armature and the field circuit but
for analysis purpose, only the armature circuit is considered because the field is
excited by a constant voltage. The mechanical system consist of the rotating
part of the motor and load connected to the shaft of the motor. The armature
controlled DC motor speed control system.

The speed of a DC motor is directly proportional to armature voltage

and inversely proportional to flux. In field controlled DC motor the armature
voltage is kept constant and the speed is varied by varying the flux of the
machine. Since flux is directly proportional to field current, the flux is varied by
varying field current. Here we will learn derivation of transfer function of field
controlled dc motor.

The speed control system is an electro-mechanical control system. The

electrical system consists of armature and field circuit but for analysis purpose,
only field circuit is considered because the armature is excited by a constant
voltage. The mechanical system consists of the rotating part of the motor and
the load connected to the shaft of the motor. The field controlled DC
motor speed control system
ADVANTAGES & DIS ADVANTAGES:-
Advantages of Armature Controlled DC Motor

1. Very fine speed control over whole range in both directions

2. Uniform acceleration is obtained
3. Good speed regulation
4. It has regenerative braking capacity
Disadvantages of Armature Controlled DC Motor

1. Costly arrangement is needed, floor space required is more

2. Low efficiency at light loads
3. Drive produced more noise.
Advantages of Field controlled DC Motor

1. This method is easy and convenient.

2. As the shunt field is very small, the power loss in the shunt field is also
small.

Disadvantages of Field Controlled DC Motor

1. Creeping speeds cannot be obtained.

2. Top speeds only obtained at reduced torque.
3. The speed is maximum at minimum value of flux, which is governed by
the demagnetizing effect of armature reaction on the field.
 CONCLUSION
To derive the speed of a DC motor, we start with the equation for the DC
motor’s EMF (Electromagnetic Force). We know that the EMF equation of DC
motor is equal to:

Hence rearranging the equation:

 N = 60A E / PZØ
With k = PZ/60A, then:

 N = E / kØ
Hence with E = V – IaRa, we derive the speed of the DC motor (N):

Hence we verify that the simulation of armature- controlled and field controlled
dc motor using the matlab/simulink.
 REFERENCE
1. Herman, Stephen. Industrial Motor Control. 6th ed. Delmar, Cengage Learning, 2010. Page 251.
2. ^ Ohio Electric Motors. DC Series Motors: High Starting Torque but No Load Operation Ill-
Advised. Ohio Electric Motors, 2011. Archived October 31, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
3. ^ "Universal motor", Construction and working characteristics, Retrieved on 27 April 2015.
4. ^ Laughton M.A. and Warne D.F., Editors. Electrical engineer's reference book. 16th ed. Newnes,
2003. Page 19-4.
5. ^ William H. Yeadon, Alan W. Yeadon. Handbook of small electric motors. McGraw-Hill
Professional, 2001. Page 4-134.