GBSS Feature Documentation GBSS21.1 - 08 20210309220249

Idle Mode Behavior
Contents
3.6.15 Idle Mode Behavior
GSM BSS
GBSS20.1
Idle Mode Behavior Feature Parameter

Description
Issue 03
Date 2018-08-13
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
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3.6.15 Contents
1 About This Document
1.1 Scope
1.2 General Statements
1.3 Change History
2 Overview
2.1 Introduction
2.2 NEs Supporting the Feature
3 Technical Description
3.1 Overview
3.2 PLMN Selection
3.2.1 Overview
3.2.2 Automatic Mode
3.2.3 Manual Mode
3.3 GSM Cell Selection
3.3.1 Overview
3.3.2 Conditions for Normally Camping on a Cell
3.3.3 Cell Selection Criterion
3.4 GSM Cell Reselection
3.4.1 Overview
3.4.2 Conditions for Triggering Cell Reselection
3.4.3 Cell Reselection Algorithms
3.5 Location Update
3.5.1 Overview
3.5.2 Location Area
3.5.3 Normal Location Update
3.5.4 IMSI Attach/Detach
3.5.5 Periodic Location Update
3.6 Control Channels
3.7 Paging
3.7.1 Overview
3.7.2 CCCH Configuration and Paging Group Calculation
3.7.3 CS Paging
3.7.4 PS Paging
3.7.5 Paging Modes
3.7.6 Paging Functions
3.8 System Information
3.8.1 Overview
3.8.2 System Information 1
3.8.3 System Information 2, 2BIS, 2TER, and 2QUATER
3.9 Short Message Service Cell Broadcast
3.10 Public Voice Group Call Service
3.10.1 Overview
3.10.2 System Information
4 Engineering Guidelines
4.1 Deploying IMSI Detach
4.1.1 Deployment Requirements
4.1.2 Activation
4.1.3 Activation Observation
4.1.4 Deactivation
4.2 Deploying Location Updating
4.3 Deploying PS Paging
4.4 Deploying Basic Cell Selection
4.5 Deploying Basic Cell Re-selection
4.6 Deploying System Information Sending
5 Parameters
6 Counters
7 Glossary
8 Reference Documents
1 About This Document
1.1 Scope
This document describes he behaviors of the network and the MSs in idle mode, including its
technical principles, related features, network impact, and engineering guidelines.
This document covers the following features:
 GBFD-110301 Location Updating
 GBFD-110302 IMSI Detach
 GBFD-110303 CS Paging
 GBFD-110401 Basic Cell Selection
 GBFD-110402 Basic Cell Re-selection
 GBFD-111101 System Information Sending
1.2 General Statements
Purpose
Feature Parameter Description documents are intended to acquaint readers with:

 The technical principles of features and their related parameters
 The scenarios where these features are used, the benefits they provide, and the impact
they have on networks and functions
 Requirements of the operating environment that must be met before feature activation
 Parameter configuration required for feature activation, verification of feature
activation, and monitoring of feature performance
This document only provides guidance for feature activation. Feature deployment and feature gains depend
on the specifics of the network scenario where the feature is deployed. To achieve the desired gains, contact
Huawei professional service engineers.
Software Interfaces
Any parameters, alarms, counters, or managed objects (MOs) described in Feature Parameter
Description documents apply only to the corresponding software release. For future software
releases, refer to the corresponding updated product documentation.
1.3 Change History
This section provides information about the changes in different document versions. There
are two types of changes, which are defined as follows:
 Feature change
Changes in features of a specific product version
 Editorial change
Changes in wording or addition of information that was not described in the earlier version
03 (2018-08-13)
This issue includes the following changes.
Change Type Change Description Parameter Change
Feature change None None
Editorial change Change the value of the H (x) function, see3.4.3 None
Cell Reselection Algorithms.
2 Overview
2.1 Introduction
A powered-on MS without a dedicated channel is defined as an MS in idle mode. While in

idle mode, an MS is able to access and be reached by the network.
When an MS is powered on, it immediately attempts to automatically or manually select a
PLMN for registration.
The MS searches for a suitable cell in the selected PLMN and then tunes to the control
channel of the cell to receive system information from the PLMN. This procedure is called
cell selection.
An MS in idle mode always attempts to camp on the cell with the best signal strength. After
the MS camps on a cell, the received signal strength may deteriorate due to interference or
MS mobility. If this occurs, the MS can select another cell to camp on. This procedure is
called cell reselection.
When cell selection or cell reselection is complete, the MS camps on the selected cell.
After an MS selects a PLMN and finds a suitable cell, the MS must register its current
location on the network so that the network knows where to route incoming calls. The MS
may move from place to place, and therefore the location may change. In certain situations,
the MS or the network can initiate a location update so that the network is able to locate the
MS in real time.
When receiving an incoming call, the network searches for an MS and sends the paging
message according to the MS' registered location.
The idle mode behavior is managed by the MS and controlled by the parameters contained in
the system information that is broadcast on the BCCH.
The idle mode behavior has the following impacts on network performance and service
processing:
 Selection of the cell with the best signal strength
During cell selection or reselection, the MS always attempts to select the cell with the best
signal strength to achieve a better quality of service (QoS). Cell selection and cell
reselection are controlled by parameters. By adjusting the settings of these parameters, a
cell absorbs MSs in a controlled manner.
 Control of the paging load
In idle mode, the MS notifies the network of its location whenever the MS changes its
location area through the location update procedure. The network then stores the latest MS
location. When the network receives an incoming call, it knows in which location area it
can page the MS and does not need to page the MS throughout the whole service area.
This reduces the paging load. If the MS does not respond to the first paging message, the
network may send a second paging message.
An MS notifies the network of its present status periodically and when powered on or off.
This prevents the network from paging the MS when the MS has been powered off or has
left the coverage area, which adds unnecessary load to the system.
 Decrease of power consumption
In idle mode, an MS intermittently listens to the system information transmitted in the
serving cell and performs measurements on neighboring cells to evaluate whether a cell
change is required. However, the MS is in sleep mode in most of the time. Therefore, the
power consumption of the MS is low in idle mode.
2.2 NEs Supporting the Feature
Table 2-1 NEs supporting the feature
Feature BSC6900 BSC6910 GBTS eGBTS
Location √ √ √ √
Updating
IMSI Detach √ √ √ √
CS Paging √ √ √ √
Basic Cell √ √ √ √
Selection
Basic Cell Re- √ √ √ √

selection
System √ √ √ √
Information
Sending
√ indicates that the NE supports this feature. × indicates that the NE does not support this feature.
3 Technical Description
3.1 Overview
In idle mode, the MS continuously measures the transmit signal strength on the BCCH carrier
of the serving cell and neighboring cells to find a suitable cell to camp on. The MS may also
register the location information about the selected cell by a location update if necessary.
After camping on a cell, an MS can:
 Receive system information from the cell.
 Access the RACH of the cell to initiate a call.
 Receive a paging message from the network when there is an incoming call
The tasks performed by an MS in idle mode consist of four procedures:
 PLMN selection
 Cell selection
 Cell reselection
 Location update
Figure 3-1 shows the relationships between these procedures.
Figure 3-1 Relationships between the four procedures
3.2 PLMN Selection
3.2.1 Overview
An MS selects a PLMN when it is powered on or re-enters an area covered by the network. It

attempts to select a registered PLMN if any. When the MS is successfully registered on a
PLMN, it shows the PLMN on its screen. The MS is allowed to initiate or receive calls on
this PLMN. If there is no registered PLMN or if the registered PLMN is unavailable, another
PLMN is selected either automatically or manually, depending on the MS's operating mode.
The MS usually performs operations on its home PLMN. If the MS leaves the coverage area
of the home PLMN, it may select another PLMN. If the MS finds a suitable cell to camp on
or if a location update request is accepted, the MS will register on the PLMN. The
registration on the PLMN must be successful for the MS to be able to access the network.
If an MS performs national roaming, the MS may select and register on another PLMN
(visited PLMN). In this case, the MS periodically attempts to return to its home PLMN. The
time interval between two consecutive attempts is managed by the network operator and
stored in the subscriber identity module (SIM).
If an MS performs international roaming, the MS may select and register on a visited PLMN.
In this case, the MS does not attempt to return to its home PLMN.
PLMN selection can be performed in automatic or manual mode.
 In automatic mode, the MS selects a PLMN from a PLMN list, in which PLMNs are
ranked in order of priority.
 In manual mode, the user requests an MS to select and register on an available PLMN
among those displayed on the MS.
3.2.2 Automatic Mode
In automatic mode, the MS selects a PLMN that is available and allowed. If there is no
registered PLMN or the registered PLMN is unavailable, the MS selects a PLMN in the
following order:
1. Home PLMN
2. Each PLMN stored in the SIM, in order of priority
3. Other PLMNs with receive levels higher than -85 dBm, in random order
4. All other PLMNs in descending order of signal strength
3.2.3 Manual Mode
In manual mode, the MS attempts to select a registered or home PLMN if one exists. If
registration fails or the user has initiated a PLMN reselection, the MS displays all available
PLMNs on its screen. The user can then select a desired PLMN, which causes the MS to
initiate a registration on this PLMN. If the selected PLMN is forbidden, the MS prompts the
user to select another PLMN.
3.3 GSM Cell Selection
This section describes the GBFD-110401 Basic Cell Selection feature.

3.3.1 Overview
When an MS is powered on or enters the network coverage area, it scans all the frequencies
allowed by the PLMN and selects a suitable cell to camp on. This procedure is called cell
selection.
3.3.2 Conditions for Normally Camping on a Cell
To perform services normally, an MS must camp on a suitable cell, register on the PLMN,
and tune to the control channel of the cell. The MS then can receive system information and
paging messages and initiate calls. A cell is considered suitable when all of the following
conditions are met:
 The cell belongs to the selected PLMN.
 The cell is not barred. For details about whether a cell is barred, see Table 3-1.
 The cell does not belong to a location area included in the list of "forbidden location
areas for roaming."
 The path loss from the MS to the BTS is lower than the preset threshold. That is, C1
(the path loss criterion of cell selection) must be greater than 0.
3.3.3 Cell Selection Criterion
C1 of the serving cell must be greater than 0. It is calculated as follows:

C1 = RXLEV - RXLEV_ACCESS_MIN - MAX((MS_TXPWR_MAX_CCH - P), 0)
If a DCS1800 class 3 MS is used, C1 is calculated as follows:
C1=RXLEV - RXLEV_ACCESS_MIN - MAX((MS_ TXPWR_MAX_CCH + POWER
OFFSET - P), 0)
where
 RXLEV indicates the average receive level of the MS (unit: dBm).
 RXLEV_ACCESS_MIN indicates the minimum receive level (unit: dBm) required
for the MS to access the network. It is specified by the RXMIN (BSC6900, BSC6910)
parameter.
 MS_TXPWR_MAX_CCH indicates the maximum transmit power (unit: dBm)
allowed for the MS to access the network. It is specified by the FMSMAXOPCC
(BSC6900, BSC6910) parameter.
 POWER OFFSET indicates PWRDIV (BSC6900, BSC6910)(unit: dBm) of the MS. The
setting of the PWRDIVIND (BSC6900, BSC6910) parameter determines whether PWRDIV
(BSC6900, BSC6910) takes effect.
 P indicates the maximum output power of the MS (unit: dBm).
The MS selects a cell to camp on according to the cell selection priority and C1. The selected
cell becomes the serving cell. As shown in Figure 3-2, if the two cells (Cell1 and Cell2) have
the same cell selection priority, the MS selects Cell1, the one with the higher path loss
criterion, as the serving cell.
Figure 3-2 Cell selection
The CBQ (BSC6900, BSC6910) and CBA (BSC6900, BSC6910) parameter determines the cell
selection priority, as listed in Figure 3-2.
Table 3-1 Cell selection priority
Cell Bar Qualify (CBQ) Cell Bar Access (CBA) At Cell Selection At Cell Reselection
0 0 Normal Normal
0 1 Barred Barred
1 0 Low Normal
1 1 Low Normal
The CBQ and CBA of a cell are changed in the following scenarios:
1. Users manually configure the CBQ (BSC6900, BSC6910) and CBA (BSC6900, BSC6910)
parameters to adjust the cell priority. After the configuration, the BSC updates the
parameter values for the CELL_BAR_QUALIFY and CELL_BAR_ACCESS IEs in the
system information.
2. When the signaling links over the A interface are disconnected, the call fails because
it cannot be automatically relocated to another network. In this situation, the cell
prohibition function is enabled, causing the CBQ and CBA of the cell to be changed.
Specifically, if the AbrkBarCellSw (BSC6900, BSC6910) parameter is set to ON(On) and
all signaling links over the A interface are disconnected, the BSC automatically changes
the values of the CELL_BAR_QUALIFY and CELL_BAR_ACCESS IEs to 0 and 1,
respectively, indicating that cell selection and reselection are prohibited. In this situation,
MSs must be relocated to another network.
The BSC prohibits cells by control-plane subsystem. Users can set the
AbrkBarCellOptInterval (BSC6900, BSC6910) parameter to adjust the interval for the
BSC to prohibit cells by control-plane subsystem. This ensures that a large number of
MSs can be smoothly relocated to another network.
When the signaling links over the A interface recover, the cell can provide services. In
this situation, the BSC updates the current CBQ (BSC6900, BSC6910) and CBA (BSC6900,
BSC6910) values for the CELL_BAR_QUALIFY and CELL_BAR_ACCESS IEs in the
system information, respectively.
3. During an upgrade, if a large number of calls trigger location updates at the same
time, the core network will be affected. In this situation, the function of preventing a
large number of simultaneous location update messages from flooding the core network
can be used. This function enables dynamic changes on the CBQ (BSC6900, BSC6910) and
CBA (BSC6900, BSC6910) parameters for the cell. The details are as follows:
When the AdmStatOpType (BSC6900, BSC6910) parameter in the SET
GALLCELLBLKSTAT command is set to blk, the BSC automatically changes the
values of the CELL_BAR_QUALIFY and CELL_BAR_ACCESS IEs to 0 and 1,
respectively, indicating that cell selection and reselection are prohibited. In this situation,
MSs must be relocated to another network.
The BSC prohibits cells by control-plane subsystem. Users can set the
AbrkBarCellOptInterval (BSC6900, BSC6910) parameter to adjust the interval for the
BSC to prohibit cells by control-plane subsystem. This ensures that a large number of
MSs can be smoothly relocated to another network.
When the AdmStatOpType (BSC6900, BSC6910) parameter in the SET
GALLCELLBLKSTAT command is set to UBLK, the cell can provide services, and
the BSC updates the current CBQ (BSC6900, BSC6910) and CBA (BSC6900, BSC6910)
values for the CELL_BAR_QUALIFY and CELL_BAR_ACCESS IEs in the system
information, respectively.
The function of preventing a large number of simultaneous location update messages
from flooding the core network is independent from the function of prohibiting cells
when links over the A interface are disconnected. The two functions block or unblock a
cell at respective time points but they jointly control the CBQ and CBA. That is, the
CBQ and CBA of a cell are changed accordingly as the cell is prohibited when either
function blocks the cell.
3.4 GSM Cell Reselection
This section describes the GBFD-110402 Basic Cell Re-selection feature.

3.4.1 Overview
After an MS selects a suitable cell as the serving cell, the MS camps on this cell if other
conditions remain unchanged. At the same time, the MS continues to monitor all the BCCH
carriers specified in the neighboring BA list (BA1 list), which is indicated by the system
information of the serving cell.
The MS measures the receive level of each BCCH carrier at least five sampling points and
calculates the average receive level. The total number of sampling points for each BCCH
carrier must be the same, and the number of sampling points for each BCCH carrier must also
be the same in each measurement period. The six strongest BCCH carriers are updated at
least every minute. To reduce power consumption, the MS measures the receive level of all
the carriers contained in the BA1 list when decoding the messages from its paging group. In
addition, the MS can obtain the BCCH frequencies contained in the BA1 list and some
receive level measurement samples of the BCCH frequency of the serving cell.
The MS also routinely measures the BCCH carrier of the serving cell. The MS attempts to
decode all the system information that is broadcast on the BCCH of the serving cell at least
every 30 seconds. The MS decodes the data blocks transmitted over the BCCH of the six
strongest neighboring cells at least every 5 minutes. The data blocks contain the parameters
that affect cell reselection. When the MS finds that a new BCCH carrier becomes one of the
six strongest BCCH carriers, it decodes the data blocks transmitted over the new BCCH
within 30 seconds. The MS also checks the Base Station Identity Code (BSIC) of each of the
six strongest neighboring cells at least every 30 seconds to ensure that it is still monitoring
the same cell. If another BSIC is detected, the MS treats it as a new BCCH carrier and
decodes the data blocks transmitted over this BCCH carrier. Under all the preceding
conditions, the MS attempts to keep listening to the PCH.
3.4.2 Conditions for Triggering Cell Reselection
A cell reselection occurs if any of the following conditions are met:

 C2 (see 4.3.3) of a cell that is located in the same location area as the serving cell is
greater than C2 of the serving cell for consecutive five seconds.
 C2 of a cell that is not located in the same location area as the serving cell is greater
than the sum of C2 of the serving cell and the value of CRH (BSC6900, BSC6910) for
consecutive five seconds. (If a cell reselection was performed 15 seconds earlier, a new
cell reselection is not triggered.)
 The serving cell is barred or temporarily barred because of an authentication failure.
 The MS detects a downlink signaling failure.
The downlink signaling failure criterion uses the downlink signaling failure counter. When
an MS selects a cell, the counter is initialized to the integer nearest to
90/BSPAMFRAMS (BSC6900, BSC6910), where N is specified by the value of the
BSPAMFRAMS (BSC6900, BSC6910) parameter for the cell. The counter is increased by 1
each time the MS successfully decodes a message on its paging sub-channel and decreased
by 4 each time the MS fails to decode a message on its paging sub-channel. If the counter
becomes 0, it indicates that a downlink signaling failure occurs.
For details about the paging sub-channel, see 3.7.2 CCCH Configuration and Paging Group Calculation.
 C1 of the serving cell is less than 0 for consecutive five seconds.
 The number of random access attempts exceeds MSMAXRETRAN (BSC6900,
BSC6910)but he MS still fails to access the network.
3.4.3 Cell Reselection Algorithms
When the cell reselection conditions are met, the MS selects a neighboring cell as the serving
cell.
Cell reselection adopts the C2 algorithm. C2 is calculated as follows:
 If CELL_RESELECT_PENALTY_TIME is equal to 31,
C2 = C1 - CELL_RESELECT_OFFSET
 If CELL_RESELECT_PENALTY_TIME is not equal to 31,
C2 = C1 + CELL_RESELECT_OFFSET – CELL_RESELECT_TEMPORARY_OFFSET
x H(CELL_RESELECT_PENALTY_TIME – T)
The function H(x) is defined as follows:
 If x < 0, H(x) = 0.
 If x ≥ 0, H(x) = 1.
The parameters in the preceding formulas are described as follows:
 CELL_RESELECT_PENALTY_TIME indicates PT (BSC6900, BSC6910).
In scenarios such as areas along highways, adjust the setting of PT (BSC6900, BSC6910) to
prevent frequent cell reselections.
 T is a timer and its initial value is 0.
When a cell is recorded as one of the six strongest neighboring cells, timer T of the cell is
started. When the cell is no longer on the list of the six strongest neighboring cells, timer T
is reset.
 CELL_RESELECT_OFFSET indicates CRO (BSC6900, BSC6910).
Set CRO (BSC6900, BSC6910) to manually adjust C2.
 CELL_RESELECT_TEMPORARY_OFFSET indicates TO (BSC6900, BSC6910).
During the period between the time when timer T is started and the time when the value of
timer T reaches PT (BSC6900, BSC6910), a negative correction value is applied to C2 based
on the value of TO (BSC6900, BSC6910).
This prevents a fast moving MS from selecting a micro cell or a small-coverage cell as the
serving cell. If PT (BSC6900, BSC6910) elapses, TO (BSC6900, BSC6910) is ignored.
The preceding three parameters of the C2 algorithm take effect only when PI (BSC6900, BSC6910) is set to
YES(Yes). If PI (BSC6900, BSC6910) is set to NO(No), the MS considers the values of these parameters as 0.
In this case, C2 is equal to C1.
The MS selects a cell to camp on according to the cell reselection priority and C2. The
selected cell becomes the serving cell. As shown in Figure 3-3, if two cells have the same cell
reselection priority and the reselection hysteresis and the reselection time meet the specified
requirements, the MS selects Cell2, the one with greater C2, as the serving cell.
Figure 3-3 Cell reselection
For details about the cell reselection priority, see Table 3-1.
3.5 Location Update
This section describes the GBFD-110301 Location Updating feature.

3.5.1 Overview
When an MS moves from one location area to another, it must register the new location
information on the network. That is, when the MS finds that the location area identity (LAI)
stored in the SIM is different from the LAI of the serving cell, it requests the network to
update the stored location area information about the MS. This procedure is called location
update.
An LAI consists of mobile country code (MCC), mobile network code (MNC), and location area code (LAC).
 MCC is specified by the MCC (BSC6900, BSC6910) parameter.
 MNC is specified by the MNC (BSC6900, BSC6910) parameter.
 LAC is specified by the LAC (BSC6900, BSC6910) parameter.
If cell reselection occurs when an MS in idle mode moves in the same location area, the MS
does not notify the network of the cell change. If the two cells before and after cell
reselection belong to different location areas, the MS needs to notify the network of the cell
change. This is called "forced registration" in mobile communication.
According to the identifier of location update, location updates are classified into three types:
normal location update, international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI) attach/detach, and
periodic location update.
The location update procedures for normal location update, periodic location update, and
IMSI attach are basically the same, as shown in Figure 3-4.
Figure 3-4 Location update
In an immediate assignment procedure, the MS sends the BTS a Channel Request message on the RACH, with
the access cause "location update."
1. When an MS initiates a location update request, an immediate assignment procedure

starts. The BTS sends the BSC an Establish Indication message, which contains the
content of the Location Update Request message.
2. The BSC establishes an SCCP link over the A interface. The BSC then sends the
MSC a Complete Layer3 Information message, which contains the cell global identity
(CGI) of the current cell.
3. The MSC responds to the BSC with a Connection Confirm message.
4. The MSC sends the MS a Location Updating Accepted message, indicating that the
location update is successful. If the MSC rejects the location update request, it sends a
Location Updating Rejected message to the MS.
5. If the TMSI allocation during a location update is enabled on the MSC side, a TMSI
Reallocation Complete message is sent to the MSC in the location update procedure.
6. The MSC sends the BSC a Clear Command message to start the resource release
procedure on the network side.
3.5.2 Location Area
To determine the location of an MS, the coverage area of each GSM PLMN is divided into
multiple location areas. Each location area contains one or more cells. The network stores the
location area information about each MS for paging. After receiving an incoming call, the
network pages MSs by location area instead of paging them in all the cells controlled by the
MSC. This reduces the paging load.
Each location area is identified by an LAI, which is broadcast in the system information over
the BCH.
The sizes of location areas are key factors that determine system performance. Location areas
have to be properly divided during network planning.
 If a location area is too small, more location updates will occur. This increases the
signaling load.
 If a location area is too large, a paging message will be sent in all the cells under the
location area when the network pages an MS. This increases the load on the PCH and the
signaling load on the Abis interface.
Therefore, when planning location areas, ensure that location updates are reduced to the
smallest possible number without causing a heavy paging load. This is to prevent a waste of
network resources.
3.5.3 Normal Location Update
When an MS moves from one location area to another, it initiates a normal location update to
update the location information registered on the network. In this case, the Location Update
Type information element (IE) in the Location Update Request message indicates that it is a
normal location update.
3.5.4 IMSI Attach/Detach
This section describes the GBFD-110302 IMSI Detach feature.

The IMSI attach/detach procedure informs the MSC/VLR whether an MS can be reached.
The ATT (BSC6900, BSC6910) parameter controls whether the network needs to be notified of
IMSI attach/detach. If ATT (BSC6900, BSC6910) is set to YES(Yes):
 The MS sends a Location Updating Request (IMSI Attach) message to the network
when it is powered on, indicating that the MS is active. After receiving the message, the
network updates the status of the MS so that the network can page the MS as required.
 The MS sends an IMSI Detach message to the network when it is powered off,
indicating that the MS is inactive. After receiving the message, the network will not send
paging messages to the MS, saving network resources.
After the IMSI is detached, the network marks the MS as invalid and will no longer page this
MS.
The network sends a SYSTEM INFORMATION TYPE 3 message to notify the MS whether
the IMSI attach or detach is allowed.
3.5.5 Periodic Location Update
An MS loses contact with the network when any of the following conditions occurs:
 When the MS is powered on and moves to a coverage hole, the network cannot know
the status of the MS but still considers the MS attached.
 When the MS sends an IMSI Detach message to the network, the network may
incorrectly decode the message due to poor uplink quality. As a result, the network still
considers the MS attached.
 When the MS is down accidentally, it loses contact with the network.
If the MS is paged in this case, the network sends a paging message to the location area
registered by the MS. The paging times out and the system resources are used ineffectively.
To solve these problems, the GSM system implements a mechanism in which the MS is
instructed to automatically report its location information to the network periodically. The
mechanism is called periodic location update. By employing this mechanism, the network can
know whether the status of the MS has changed in a timely manner.
With this mechanism implemented, when an MS sends a Location Update Request message
to the network, the Location Update Type IE in the message indicates that it is a periodic
location update.
The network sends the value of the periodic location update timer to all the MSs in a cell in
the system information over the BCCH. The timer is specified by T3212 (BSC6900, BSC6910).
When the timer expires, the MS automatically sends a location update request to the network.
After the MS performs a cell selection or reselection, it reads T3212 (BSC6900, BSC6910)
from the system information of the serving cell, starts the timer, and stores the timer on the
SIM. When the MS detects that T3212 (BSC6900, BSC6910) expires, it automatically sends a
location update request to the network.
The signaling procedure of a periodic location update is the same as that of a normal location
update.
3.6 Control Channels
The control channels for an MS in idle mode include broadcast channels and Common
Control Channels (CCCHs).
Dedicated Control Channels (DCCHs) are used for an MS in dedicated mode and are therefore not described in
this document.
Broadcast Channels
Broadcast channels, including the Frequency Correction Channel (FCCH), Synchronization

Channel (SCH), Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH), and Cell Broadcast Channel (CBCH),
are all downlink channels used for sending broadcast messages to MSs.
 FCCH
The network sends frequency correction signals over the FCCH to an MS. The FCCH
enables the MS to synchronize its frequency with a specified frequency.
 SCH
The network sends the frame synchronization number and base station identity code
(BSIC) over the SCH to an MS.
 BCCH
The network sends common messages related to all its cells over the BCCH to an MS.
 CBCH
The network broadcasts services over the CBCH within a cell. The physical channels used
by the CBCH are the same as those used by the SDCCH.
CCCHs
The CCCHs include the Paging Channel (PCH), Random Access Channel (RACH), Access
Grant Channel (AGCH), and Notification Channel (NCH).
 PCH
The PCH is a downlink channel. An MS periodically monitors the PCH to determine
whether it can receive a call from the MSC.
 RACH
The RACH is an uplink channel. An MS accesses the network on the RACH and requests
the network to assign an SDCCH.
 AGCH
The AGCH is a downlink channel. The network notifies an MS of the assigned dedicated
channel (SDCCH or TCH) on the AGCH.
 NCH
The NCH is a downlink channel, which is used to notify an MS of Voice Group Call
Service (VGCS) and Voice Broadcast Service (VBS) calls.
3.7 Paging
This section describes the GBFD-110303 CS Paging feature.

3.7.1 Overview
Through the paging process, an MS is instructed to access the network to complete call
connection. Paging efficiency varies according to paging algorithms. The Huawei GBSS
paging algorithm has the following benefits:
 The Huawei GBSS paging algorithm maximizes the paging capability of the system,
while maintaining paging efficiency and minimizing paging load.
 The Huawei GBSS paging algorithm enables MSs to receive every possible call. This
improves customer satisfaction.
3.7.2 CCCH Configuration and Paging Group Calculation
In the GSM system, an MS reads the information on the CCCH of the serving cell at least
every 30s. In the downlink, the CCCHs include AGCH and PCH. One CCCH can be carried
on one or more physical channels. If paging traffic is high in a location area, one physical
timeslot is insufficient for transmitting paging messages. As specified in the GSM protocol,
multiple CCCHs can be configured on one TRX carrying the BCCH but they can be
configured only on timeslot 0, 2, 4, or 6.
The number of CCCH message blocks in a cell reflects the resources that can be used by the
AGCH or the PCH in the cell. Table 3-2 lists the mapping between the CCCH configuration
and the number of CCCH message blocks in a BCCH multiframe.
Table 3-2 Mapping between the CCCH configuration and the number of CCCH message blocks in a
BCCH multiframe
CCCH Configuration Number of CCCH Message Blocks in a BCCH
Multiframe
The CCCH uses one physical channel 9

exclusively. It does not share this physical
channel with the SDCCH.
The CCCH uses one physical channel. It 3

shares this physical channel with the
SDCCH.
The CCCH uses two physical channels 18

exclusively. It does not share these physical
channels with the SDCCH.
The CCCH uses three physical channels 27

The CCCH uses four physical channels 36

In different CCCH configurations, each BCCH multi-frame (containing 51 frames) includes

different numbers of CCCH message blocks. The CCCH is shared by the AGCH and the
PCH. When messages need to be transmitted on both the PCH and the AGCH, the network
prefers the PCH. To prevent message congestion on the AGCH when the traffic on the PCH
is high, the network reserves a certain number of message blocks for the AGCH. The
BSAGBLKSRES (BSC6900, BSC6910) parameter specifies the number of message blocks
reserved for the AGCH on the CCCH in a BCCH multi-frame.
Each MS (corresponding to an IMSI) belongs to a paging group. Each paging group
corresponds to a paging sub-channel in a cell. The MS determines its paging group based on
its IMSI, and then determines the location of the paging sub-channel of its paging group. In
the live network, the MS listens to only its paging sub-channel and ignores other paging sub-
channels. When other paging sub-channels are used, some components of the MS are even
powered off to save power overhead. The BSPAMFRAMS (BSC6900, BSC6910) parameter
specifies the number of BCCH multi-frames that form a cycle for scheduling paging sub-
channels. This parameter also determines the number of paging sub-channels into which
paging channels in a cell are divided.
The formula for calculating the number of paging groups in a cell is:
 The CCCH and the SDCCH share one physical channel: Number of paging groups =
(3 - BSAGBLKSRES (BSC6900, BSC6910)) x BSPAMFRAMS (BSC6900, BSC6910)
 The CCCH and the SDCCH do not share one physical channel: Number of paging
groups = (9 - BSAGBLKSRES (BSC6900, BSC6910)) xBSPAMFRAMS (BSC6900,
BSC6910)
The formula for calculating the paging group for an MS is:

Paging group number = {(IMSI mod 1000) mod (Number of cell paging groups in the cell)}
mod (BSPAMFRAMS (BSC6900, BSC6910) x Number of paging blocks per CCCH)
If the SPGCCCCHSUP (BSC6900, BSC6910) parameter is set to YES(YES) for PS services, the formula for
calculating paging groups is different.
An MS determines its paging group based on its IMSI and the configuration of paging
channels in the serving cell, and then determines the location of the paging sub-channel for
the paging group.
3.7.3 CS Paging
CS paging messages are transmitted on the PCH. When a call reaches the MSC of the called
MS, the MSC determines the location area of the MS and broadcasts paging messages to all
the BSCs in the location area. The BSC then determines the cells to which paging messages
are sent and performs IMSI-based calculation of the paging group for the MS.
An MS in idle mode listens to its paging sub-channels. If the IMSI or TMSI contained in the
Paging Request message is consistent with its own IMSI or TMSI, the MS sends a Channel
Request message to trigger an initial channel assignment procedure, and sends a Paging
Response on the assigned channel.
The MSC determines whether to use TMSI-based or IMSI-based paging.

 If IMSI-based paging is used, the paging message contains only the IMSI.
 If TMSI-based paging is used, the paging message contains both the TMSI and IMSI. The IMSI is used
by the BSC to calculate paging groups.
3.7.4 PS Paging
The PS paging procedure is similar to the CS paging procedure. During the PS paging
procedure, the SGSN functions in a similar manner as the MSC. The SGSN determines
whether to use the P-TMSI or IMSI paging policy. The SGSN initiates PS paging when
transmitting downlink data to an MS. PS paging messages are carried on the PS paging
channels if configured or on the PCHs if the PS paging channels are not configured.
Only an MS in the standby state can be paged. The SGSN obtains the RA (BSC6900, BSC6910)
of the MS and sends a paging message to the entire RA (BSC6900, BSC6910).
The location information of an MS in the standby state contains only the RA information of the GPRS.
3.7.5 Paging Modes
Huawei GBSS supports the following standard paging modes:

 Common paging mode
The IMSI and the configuration of paging channels together determine a paging channel.
Paging messages are sent only on this paging channel.
 Complete paging mode
When an MS group is informed that it is in complete paging mode, paging messages of the
MS group may be sent on any PCH of the same timeslot. This prevents paging message
loss when the PCH configuration dynamically changes.
 Spaced paging mode
The BSS adds the paging messages of a group to another paging channel to prevent
temporary overload. If an MS has received paging messages on paging channel N, the MS
can then receive paging messages on paging channel N+2 in spaced paging mode.
3.7.6 Paging Functions
Huawei GBSS supports the paging queue, paging retransmission, paging combination, paging
reorganization, priority-based message transmission over the PCH, and paging flow control
functions. These functions can ensure or improve the paging capacity of the BSC.
 Paging queue
On the Um interface, the paging messages of a paging group can be transmitted only on
the message blocks to which the paging group is mapped. Therefore, the BTS implements
the paging queue function to wait for transmission opportunities by temporarily buffering
the paging messages received from the BSC. The BTS then selects a paging message and
transmits it on the corresponding message block whenever an opportunity comes. Paging
messages of the same priority follow the rule of "first come, first served (FCFS)."
To ensure that paging messages are scheduled effectively on the Um interface, the
PAGINGLIFETIME (BSC6900, BSC6910) parameter specifies the lifecycle of a paging
queue in the BTS. The setting of this parameter must be consistent with the setting of the
paging timer T3113 of the core network. It is recommended that the PAGINGLIFETIME
(BSC6900, BSC6910) parameter be set to a value 1s to 2s shorter than the value of T3113.
 Paging retransmission
Paging messages are transferred in unacknowledged mode on the LAPDm layer of the Um
interface. To prevent some paging messages from being lost, paging retransmission is
implemented.
Generally, both the MSC and BSS provide two levels of retransmission. One level is at the
MSC, where paging messages are retransmitted in a long period to handle long
interruptions. The other level is at the BTS, where paging messages are retransmitted in a
short period, reducing traffic flow on the Abis and A interfaces. Huawei BSS supports the
paging retransmission function. When a message block has neither paging messages nor
immediate assignment messages to transmit, the paging messages that have been
transmitted on the message block will be retransmitted. The maximum number of paging
retransmissions of the same message is specified by the PAGTIMES (BSC6900, BSC6910)
parameter.
Paging messages on the MSC side are retransmitted at a fixed interval and the paging
retransmission is controlled by the parameters on the MSC side. The paging
retransmission on the BTS side is implemented by the PAGTIMES (BSC6900, BSC6910)
parameter.
Paging messages on the BTS side are not retransmitted at a fixed interval but scheduled in
the paging queues for retransmission. The paging queues for retransmission have lower
priorities than common paging queues.
The formula for calculating the maximum number of paging message retransmissions on
the Um interface is as follows:
Maximum number of paging message transmissions on the Um interface = Number of
pagings configured on the MSC side x Value of PAGTIMES (BSC6900, BSC6910) on the
BTS side
 Paging combination
Paging combination is used to improve resource usage over the Um interface. The Paging
Command message sent from the BSC to the BTS contains the information of an MS. The
BTS attempts to combine all the Paging Command messages of the MSs belonging to the
same paging group into a Paging Request message, and then sends the Paging Request
message to the MSs. Therefore, a Paging Request message contains the TMSIs or IMSIs
of multiple MSs. One TMSI consists of 3 digits, and one IMSI consists of 15 digits. The
length of a Paging Request message is limited. Therefore, the combination capability
depends on whether the paging commands to be combined use IMSI-based or TMSI-based
paging. The MSs determine whether to respond to the Paging Request message by
resolving the Mobile Identity field (including the TMSI or IMSI) in the message.
The GSM protocols define three paging request types, with different combination modes
as follows:
 Paging request type 1
One Paging Request message combines one to two Paging Command messages. The
information is in one of the following combinations:
IMSI
IMSI+IMSI
IMSI+TMSI/P
TMSI/P
TMSI/P+TMSI/P
One Paging Request message combines two to three Paging Command messages. The
information is in one of the following combinations:
TMSI/P+TMSI/P
TMSI/P+TMSI/P+IMSI
TMSI/P+TMSI/P+TMSI/P
One Paging Request message combines four Paging Command messages, including the
following information: TMSI/P+TMSI/P+TMSI/P+TMSI/P
The efficiency of paging combination depends on the paging policy (TMSI-based or
IMSI-based paging).
 Paging reorganization
According to the 3GPP TS 44.018 and 3GPP TS 45.002 protocols, the PAGING MODE
IE in the paging request message informs an MS of the mode for listening to paging sub-
channels.
An MS can listen to paging sub-channels in one of the following modes:
 Normal paging: The MS listens to only the paging sub-channels in its paging
group.
 Extended paging: The MS receives and analyzes the next message on the
PCH.
 Paging reorganization: The MS listens to all paging sub-channels.
Huawei BSSs support only the normal paging and paging reorganization modes.
When paging reorganization is enabled on the BSS, the MSC informs an MS to listen to
paging sub-channels in paging reorganization mode. In addition, paging messages are sent
in paging reorganization mode. The paging reorganization function helps balance the load
on paging groups. This function enables the BSC to schedule new paging messages in an
overloaded paging group to a paging group that has the fewest paging messages.
The PAGINGREORGSW (BSC6900, BSC6910) parameter controls whether to enable
paging reorganization. If this parameter is set to YES(Yes), a paging group enters one of
the following states: Normal, Ready, and Reorganization.
Figure 3-5 shows the transitions between the three paging states.
Figure 3-5 Transitions between paging states
 Normal
In the Normal state, the BSS attempts to start paging reorganization when
PAGINGREORGSW (BSC6900, BSC6910) is set to YES(Yes). Figure 3-6 describes the
procedure for starting paging reorganization.
Figure 3-6 Starting paging reorganization
 The PAGINGREORGSTARTTHRD (BSC6900, BSC6910) parameter specifies the
threshold for starting paging reorganization. If the proportion of the paging messages in a paging
group to the maximum allowed paging messages in the paging group is greater than the value of this
parameter, paging reorganization starts.
 A paging group can share paging messages when both the following conditions are
met: The paging group has the fewest paging messages. The proportion of the paging messages in the
paging group to its maximum allowed paging messages is less than the value of
PAGINGREORGSTOPTHRD (BSC6900, BSC6910).
 Ready
In the Ready state, the BSS performs the following actions:
Switches a paging group to the paging reorganization mode.
Schedules the new paging messages in the paging group to a paging group that has the
fewest paging messages.
 Reorganization
In the Reorganization state, the BSS starts the procedure for stopping paging
reorganization when the paging group is no longer congested. Figure 3-7 describes this
procedure.
Figure 3-7 Stopping paging reorganization
 The PAGINGREORGSTARTTHRD (BSC6900, BSC6910) parameter specifies the

threshold for stopping paging reorganization. If the proportion of the paging messages in a paging
group to the maximum allowed paging messages in the paging group is less than the value of this
parameter, paging reorganization stops.
 The PAGINGREORGLAGTM (BSC6900, BSC6910) parameter specifies the
paging reorganization hysteresis. The hysteresis spans from when the BSS notifies a paging group for
the first time that the threshold for stopping paging reorganization is reached to when the paging
group enters the Normal state.
 Priority-based message transmission over the PCH

The PCHMSGPRIORSW (BSC6900, BSC6910) parameter controls whether to
preferentially send paging messages.
 If this parameter is set to YES(Yes), paging messages are preferentially sent
over the Um interface when the AGCH is not overloaded. If the AGCH is overloaded,
CS immediate assignment messages are allowed to preempt the PCH, and messages are
sent over the PCH according to the following priorities in descending order:
CS immediate assignment messages > CS paging messages > PS immediate assignment
messages > PS paging messages
 If this parameter is set to NO(No), immediate assignment messages are
preferentially sent over the Um interface. In this situation, messages are sent over the
PCH according to the following priorities, in descending order:
CS and PS immediate assignment messages > CS paging messages > PS paging
messages
 Paging flow control
When the paging flow sent by the MSC exceeds the processing capability of the BSS, the
BSS controls the paging flow based on the current network status. The paging flow control
function ensures the robustness and normal operating of the BSS, the high capability of the
BSS to process paging messages, and the smoothness and stability of services.
The BSS differentiates initial paging and re-paging and preferentially schedules initial
paging. This improves the efficiency of scheduling paging messages over the Um
interface.
For details about paging flow control, see Flow Control Feature Parameter Description.
3.8 System Information
This section describes the GBFD-111101 System Information Sending feature.

3.8.1 Overview
System information contains the main radio network parameters on the Um interface,
including network identity parameters, cell selection parameters, system control parameters,
and network function parameters. After receiving system information, an MS can properly
select and access a radio network. The MS then can gain access to all types of services
provided by the network and communicate with the network in an appropriate manner.
System information is classified into the following types:
 Broadcast system information
For an MS in idle mode, the network provides broadcast system information, indicating
the location of the MS and the types of service the MS can obtain. Some parameters in the
broadcast system information control the cell reselection of the MS.
 Dedicated system information
For an MS in dedicated mode, the network provides dedicated system information, part of
which controls transmission, power, and handovers of the MS.
Dedicated system information is intended for one MS, while broadcast system information is
intended for all MSs in idle mode in a cell. Therefore, the contents of broadcast system
information can be the same as those of dedicated system information, while the contents of
dedicated system information can be different from those of broadcast system information.
BSS system information consists of System Information 1, 2, 2BIS, 2TER, 2QUATER, 3, 4,
5, 5BIS, 5TER, 6, 7, 8, 10, and 13.
System Information 5, 5BIS, 5TER, and 6 are only used for MSs in dedicated mode.
System Information 13 contains parameters for GPRS services. When a cell supports GPRS services, System
Information 13 is sent on the BCCH.
Functions
System Information 1 is sent on the BCCH to provide information about control of the
RACH and the cell allocation (CA).
Contents
Table 3-3 lists the contents of System Information 1.

Table 3-3 Contents of System Information 1
Type Content
SYS INFO 1 Cell Channel Desc
RACH Control Para.
SI 1 Rest Octets
The contents of System Information 1 are described as follows:

 CA list
One cell can be configured with a maximum of 64 frequencies. The actual configuration of
cell frequencies is subject to the Cell Channel Description, as listed in Table 3-4. The BSC
selects a format of cell channel description depending on the actual configuration of cell
frequencies.
The format of cell channel description is defined by octet 2, Format ID (Bit 128, Bit 127,
Bit 124, Bit 123, and Bit 122), as listed in Table 3-5.
Table 3-4 Format of cell channel description
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 -
Cell Channel Description IEI octet 1
Bit Bit 0 0 Bit Bit Bit Bit octet 2
128 127 Spare Spare 124 123 122 121
Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit octet 3
120 119 118 117 116 115 114 113
… … … … … … … … …
Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit octet 17
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Table 3-5 Format of cell channel description

Bit128 Bit127 Bit124 Bit123 Bit122 Format
Notation
0 0 X X X bit map 0
1 0 0 X X 1024 range
1 0 1 0 0 512 range
1 0 1 0 1 256 range
1 0 1 1 0 128 range
1 0 1 1 1 variable bit
map
Different formats of cell channel description correspond to different numbers of available cell
frequencies. Assume that the number of available frequencies for a cell is n (except for
duplicate and invalid frequencies) and ARFCN(i) (i = 1,…,n) represents the Absolute Radio
Frequency Channel Number of each frequency. Then, the numbers of available frequencies
for different formats of cell channel description are as follows:
 Bit map 0
The bit map 0 format is used for GSM900 frequencies. The number of available
frequencies is 64 if 1 ≤ ARFCN(i) ≤ 124.
 1024 range
If the 1024 range format is used, the number of available frequencies for a cell is equal to
or less than 16 if 1 ≤ ARFCN(i) ≤ 124 for a GSM900 cell or 512 ≤ ARFCN(i) ≤ 885 for a
GSM1800 cell.
 512 range
If the 512 range format is used, the number of available frequencies for a cell is equal to or
less than 18. The interval between any two ARFCNs must be less than 512.
 256 range
less than 22. The interval between any two ARFCNs must be less than 256. For example,
ARFCNs 512 and 812 cannot be configured simultaneously.
 128 range
less than 29. The interval between any two ARFCNs must be less than 128. For example,
ARFCNs 512 and 712 cannot be configured simultaneously.
 Variable bit map
If the variable bit map format is used, the number of available frequencies for a cell is
equal to or less than 64. The interval between any two ARFCNs must range from 1 to 111.
For example, it is allowed to configure 64 frequencies whose ARFCNs range from 512 to
575 with an increment of 1, but it is not allowed to configure 64 frequencies whose
ARFCNs range from 512 to 638 with an increment of 2.
The previously mentioned restrictions are mainly applied to GSM1800 frequencies.
The PFreqCodeMode (BSC6910, BSC6900) and STARTCBSHORTMSGFLOWCTRL (BSC6910,
BSC6900) parameters jointly control whether to preferentially use the variable bitmap format to encode
frequencies.
 RACH Control Para.

The RACH Control Para. information element contains the following parameters:
 MSMAXRETRAN (BSC6900, BSC6910)
 TX (BSC6900, BSC6910)
 CBA (BSC6900, BSC6910)
 COMMACC (BSC6900, BSC6910) and SPECACC (BSC6900, BSC6910)
The access control class is categorized into classes 0-9 and 11-15. Generally, each
GSM MS has an access class, represented by a bit. If this bit is set to 1, MSs of the
corresponding class are barred from accessing the current cell. Otherwise, they are
allowed to access the cell. MSs of classes 11-15 can preferentially access a cell, but
MSs whose classes are between 11-15 or 0-9 have the same priority.
 CALLRESTABDIS (BSC6900, BSC6910)
 ERGCALLDIS (BSC6900, BSC6910)
The time interval between two consecutive Channel Request messages sent by an MS is indicated by a random
value from {S, S+1, S+T-1}, where S is a parameter depending on the CCCH configuration, which is delivered
in System Information 3; T is the value of the TX (BSC6900, BSC6910) parameter broadcast on the BCCH.
Table 3-6 lists the relationship between S and T.
Table 3-6 Relationship between S and T
TX Non-Combined CCCH Combined CCCH
3, 8, 14, 50 55 41
4, 9, 16 76 52
5, 10, 20 109 58
6, 11, 25 163 86
7, 12, 32 217 115
If satellite transmission is used, it is recommended that MSMAXRETRAN (BSC6900,

BSC6910) be set to 4 and TX (BSC6900, BSC6910) be set to 32 to reduce the delay caused by
satellite transmission.
 SI 1 Rest Octets
The SI 1 Rest Octets information has eight bits. It contains spare bits and the indicator of
the PCS1900 or DCS1800.
3.8.3 System Information 2, 2BIS, 2TER, and 2QUATER
Functions
 System Information 2 is sent on the BCCH to provide information about the RACH
control, NCC Permitted, and the BCCH allocation list (BA1 list) in neighboring cells.
 System Information 2, 2BIS, and 2TER describe different parts of the BA1
list. An MS reads and decodes the BA1 list and then performs cell reselection in idle
mode.
 A phase 1 MS in GSM900 recognizes only the neighboring cell frequencies
described in System Information 2 and ignores those described in System Information
2BIS and 2TER.
 System Information 2BIS is optional. It is sent on the BCCH to provide information
about RACH control and the extension of the BCCH allocation list in the neighboring
cells (part of the BA1 list). System Information 2 generally carries information about a
limited number of frequencies that are included in the BA1 list. In this situation, System
Information 2BIS carries information about other frequencies that are included in the BA1
list and are on the same frequency band as the frequencies carried by System Information
2.
 System Information 2TER is sent on the BCCH to provide information about the
extension of BCCH allocation list in neighboring cells (part of the BA1 list). System
Information 2TER carries information about the frequencies that are on different bands
from the frequencies of the current cell. Only dual-band MSs read System Information
2TER. The GSM900-only MSs and the GSM1800-only MSs ignore this message.
 In a dual-band network, the SENDSI2TERFLAG (BSC6900, BSC6910)
parameter specifies whether to send System Information 2TER.
 In a non-dual-band network, the SI2TerSwitch (BSC6900, BSC6910)
parameter specifies whether to send System Information 2TER.
 System Information 2QUATER provides information about the frequency allocation
in neighboring 3G or LTE cells. It is used for reselection to 3G or LTE cells and therefore
is sent only during a handover between a GSM cell and a neighboring 3G or LTE cell.
System Information 2QUATER is sent if Send2QuterFlag (BSC6900, BSC6910) is set to
YES(Yes) and one of the following conditions is met:
 Neighboring 3G cells are configured and INTERRATCELLRESELEN
(BSC6900, BSC6910) is set to YES(Yes).
 Neighboring LTE cells are configured.
 The GBFD-116301 Network Assisted Cell Change (NACC) feature is enabled
and NCO (BSC6900, BSC6910) is set to NC1(NC1).
 The GBFD-116201 Network-Controlled Cell Reselection (NC2) feature is
enabled.
 The GBFD-511110 BSC supporting Blind Search feature is enabled.
 The GBFD-117501 Enhanced Measurement Report (EMR) feature is enabled.
Contents
Table 3-7 lists the contents of System Information 2, 2BIS, 2TER, and 2QUATER.
Table 3-7 Contents of System Information 2, 2BIS, 2TER, and 2QUATER
Type Content
SYS INFO 2 Neighbor Cell Desc.
NCC Permitted
RACH Control Para.
SYS INFO 2 BIS Neighbor Cell Desc.
RACH Control Para.
SYS INFO 2TER Neighbor Cell Desc. (Extended)
SYS INFO 2QUATER SI 2quater Rest Octets
The contents of System Information 2, 2BIS, 2TER, and 2QUATER are described as follows:
 Neighbor Cell Desc. (BA1 list)
The Neighbor Cell Description information element provides the ARFCNs of the BCCH
carriers in the neighboring cells of the current cell. Huawei BSS supports a maximum of
32 neighboring cells per cell. Except for bit 5 (BA-IND) and bit 6 (EXT-IND) of octet 2,
the Neighbor Cell Description information element is coded in the same manner as the
Cell Channel Description information element. For details, see cell channel description in
System Information 1.
 The extension indication (EXT_IND) has one bit and is sent in System
Information 2 and 5. It indicates whether extended neighboring cell frequencies are sent
in System Information 2BIS and 5BIS. If the EXT_IND bit is set to 0, System
Information 2 and 5 carry the complete BA list. If the EXT_IND bit is set to 1, System
Information 2 and 5 carry only part of the BA list.
 The BA indication (BA_IND) has one bit and is sent in System Information 2
and 5. It is used by the MS to discriminate changes in the BA1 or BA2 list. In other
words, if the neighboring cell relationship and the BA2 list are modified during the
conversation, the BA_IND bit in System Information 5 should be 1, indicating that the
MS needs to decode the neighboring cell frequencies again.
 NCCPERMIT (BSC6900, BSC6910)
The NCCPERMIT (BSC6900, BSC6910) parameter is sent in System Information 2 and 6. It
has eight bits and provides all the NCCs required by MSs. In other words, if bit N is 0 (0 ≤
N ≤ 7), the MS does not measure the power level of the cell where the NCC is N. This
indicates that the MS cannot be reselected or handed over to the network where the NCC
is N. This parameter is mainly used for handovers and cell reselection.
For details about the RACH Control Para. information element, see System Information 1.
 Neighbor Cell Desc. (Extended)
The Neighbor Cell Desc. (Extended) information element is sent in System Information
2TER and 5TER. Except for bit 5 (BA-IND) and bits 6 and 7 (Multi-band report) of octet
2, this information element is coded in the same manner as the Cell Channel Description
information element. For details, see System Information 1.
 MBR (BSC6900, BSC6910)
The MBR (BSC6900, BSC6910) parameter is sent in System Information 2TER and 5TER.
It has two bits and is used to request the dual-band MS to report information about
neighboring cells of multiple bands. For details, see Table 3-8.
Table 3-8 Multiband reporting
Multiband Reporting (Two Bits) Meaning
0 The MS reports the measurement results of

six neighboring cells with the strongest
signal strength, irrespective of the band
used.
1 If there is a neighboring cell that is on a

different band from the serving cell and the
MS is allowed to camp on the neighboring
cell, the MS reports the measurement results
of the neighboring cell. At the other five
positions, it reports the measurement results
of the neighboring cells that are on the same
band as the serving cell.
10 If there are two neighboring cells that are on

a different band from the serving cell and the
MS is allowed to camp on the neighboring
cells, the MS reports the measurement
results of the two neighboring cells. At the
other four positions, it reports the
measurement results of the neighboring cells
that are on the same band as the serving
cell.
11 If there are three neighboring cells that are

on a different band from the serving cell and
the MS is allowed to camp on the
neighboring cells, the MS reports the
measurement results of the three
neighboring cells. At the other three
positions, it reports the measurement results
of the neighboring cells that are on the same
band as the serving cell.
 SI 2quater Rest Octets

The SI 2quater Rest Octets information element contains the following parameters:
 BA_IND
 3G_BA_IND
 MP_CHANGE_MARK
 3G Neighbour Cell Description
 Index_Start_3G
 UTRAN FDD DESCRIPTION
 UTRAN TDD DESCRIPTION
 3G MEASUREMENT PARAMETERS Description
 EUTRAN-Para-Description
 EUTRAN-Frequency-Index
The preceding parameters are configured using parameters related to external 3G and LTE
cells.
Functions
System Information 3 is sent on the BCCH to provide information about the location area
identity, cell identity, RACH control, and parameters related to cell selection. The
information is mandatory.
Contents

Type Content
SYS INFO 3 Cell Identity
LAI
Control Channel Desc
Cell Option (BCCH)
Cell Selection Para.
RACH Control Para.
SI 3 Rest Octets

 CGI
The Cell Global Identity (CGI) consists of the Location Area Identity (LAI) and the CI
(BSC6900, BSC6910). The LAI consists of the MCC (BSC6900, BSC6910), MNC (BSC6900,
BSC6910), and LAC (BSC6900, BSC6910). System Information 3, 4, and 6 contain all or part
of the CGI. Upon receiving the system information, the MS decodes the CGI. Based on
the MCC and the MNC, the MS determines whether to access the network through this
cell and whether the current location area has changed. If the location area has changed,
the MS initiates a location update procedure.
 Control Channel Desc
The Control Channel Desc information element contains the following parameters:
 MSCVER (BSC6900, BSC6910)
This parameter indicates when the MSC was released. It has one bit. If the bit is set to
0, the MSC was released in 1998 or earlier. If the bit is set to 1, the MSC was released
in 1999 or later.
 ATT (BSC6900, BSC6910)
 CCCH-CONF
The CCCH-CONF parameter determines the combination mode of the CCCH. It has
three bits. Table 3-10 describes the meaning of the CCCH-CONF.
Table 3-10 Meaning of the CCCH-CONF
CCCH-CONF (Three Bits) Number of CCCH Message Meaning

Blocks in a BCCH Multiframe
000 9 The CCCH uses one physical

channel and does not share it
with SDCCHs.
001 3 The CCH uses one physical

channel and shares it with
SDCCHs.
010 18 The CCCH uses two physical

channels and does not share
them with SDCCHs.
100 27 The CCCH uses three

physical channels and does
not share them with
SDCCHs.
110 36 The CCCH uses four

physical channels and does
not share them with
SDCCHs.
Others - Reserved
 BSAGBLKSRES (BSC6900, BSC6910)

 BSPAMFRAMS (BSC6900, BSC6910)
 T3212 (BSC6900, BSC6910)
 Cell Option (BCCH)
The Cell Option (BCCH) information element contains the following parameters:
 CANPC (BSC6900, BSC6910)
 FRULDTX (BSC6900, BSC6910)
 RLT (BSC6900, BSC6910)
 Cell Selection Para.
The Cell Selection Para. information element affects the behavior of an MS after the MS is
powered on. It contains the following parameters:
 CRH (BSC6900, BSC6910)
 FMSMAXOPCC (BSC6900, BSC6910)
 RXMIN (BSC6900, BSC6910)
 ACS (BSC6900, BSC6910)
The ACS (BSC6900, BSC6910) parameter has one bit and indicates whether the MS uses
C2 during cell reselection. This parameter is invalid in System Information 3. In
System Information 4, value 0 of the bit indicates that the SI4 Rest Oct of System
Information 4 is used to calculate the parameters related to C2; value 1 indicates that
the SI4 Rest Oct of System Information 7 and 8 are used to calculate the parameters
related to C2.
 HRATESPT (BSC6900, BSC6910)
For details, see 3.8.2 System Information 1.
The SI 3 Rest Octets information element contains the following parameters:
 PI (BSC6900, BSC6910)
 CBQ (BSC6900, BSC6910)
 CRO (BSC6900, BSC6910)
 TO (BSC6900, BSC6910)
 PT (BSC6900, BSC6910)
 SENDSI2TERFLAG (BSC6900, BSC6910)
 ECSC (BSC6900, BSC6910)
 GPRS (BSC6900, BSC6910)
 Send2QuterFlag (BSC6900, BSC6910)
Functions
System Information 4 is sent on the BCCH to provide information about the location area
identity, RACH control, cell selection parameters, and CBCH.
 Information about the location area identity, RACH control, cell selection parameters
is mandatory.
 Information about CBCH is optional. This information contains the configurations of
the CBCH and the related frequency information. It is used when the system supports cell
broadcast.
Contents

Type Content
SYS INFO 4 LAI
Cell Selection Para.
RACH Control Para.
CBCH Channel Desc. (option)
CBCH Mobile Allocation (option)
SI 4 Rest Octets

 Location Area Identity (LAI)
 Cell Selection Para.
 CBCH Channel Description and CBCH Mobile Allocation (CBCH MA)
CBCH Channel Description is optional. If the system supports cell broadcast, CBCH
Channel Description indicates the configuration of the CBCH. If the CBCH is in
frequency hopping mode, CBCH MA is mandatory; otherwise it is optional.
If the cell selection parameter ACS (BSC6900, BSC6910) is set to NO(No), the SI 4 Rest
Octets is used to calculate the value of the cell reselection parameter C2.
 PI (BSC6900, BSC6910)
 CBQ (BSC6900, BSC6910)
 CRO (BSC6900, BSC6910)
 TO (BSC6900, BSC6910)
 PT (BSC6900, BSC6910)
Functions
System Information 7 is sent on the BCCH to provide information about cell reselection.
Contents

Type Content
SYS INFO 7 SI 7 Rest Octets

 SI 7 Rest Octets contains the cell selection and reselection parameters used by the
MS. It may also contain the PWRDIV (BSC6900, BSC6910) parameter used by the
DCS1800 Class 3 MS.
 The coding scheme of SI 7 Rest Octets is the same as that of SI 4 Rest Octets. For
details, see section 3.8.5 System Information 4.
Functions
System Information 8 is mandatory. It is sent on the BCCH and provides information about
cell reselection.
Contents

Type Content

 SI 8 Rest Octets contains the cell reselection parameters used by the MS. It may also
contain the PWRDIV (BSC6900, BSC6910) parameter used by the DCS1800 Class 3 MS.
 The coding scheme of SI 8 Rest Octets is the same as that of SI 4 Rest Octets. For
details, see 3.8.5 System Information 4.
Functions
System Information 13 provides information about the parameters related to GPRS services.
It is sent on the BCCH when GPRS services are supported.
Contents

Type Content

 RAC
RAC contains RA (BSC6900, BSC6910) and RACOLOR (BSC6900, BSC6910).
 SPGCCCCHSUP (BSC6900, BSC6910)
 PRIACCTHR (BSC6900, BSC6910)
 NCO (BSC6900, BSC6910)
 PSI1RPT (BSC6900, BSC6910)
In addition, System Information 13 also contains parameters such as GPRS Mobile
Allocation, GPRS Cell Options, GPRS Power Control Parameters struct, and PBCCH
Description struct.
3.9 Short Message Service Cell Broadcast
The short message service cell broadcast (SMSCB) is a teleservice (TS23) that periodically
broadcasts messages to all the MSs in a specified area. Depending on the settings used, the
MS can continuously or discontinuously receive short messages, such as weather forecast and
traffic information.
The SMSCB allows all the MSs in a specified area to receive short messages. The area may
cover one or more cells, or even the entire PLMN. The Cell Broadcast Database (CDB) of the
BSC manages and schedules the short messages from the cell broadcast center (CBC). The
BSC then sends the short messages to the BTS. After that, the BTS periodically broadcasts
the messages to all the MSs in a specified area.
The CDB receives and stores the short messages, schedules and sends the messages by using
a specific algorithm, and responds to the query from the CBC.
The MS can receive the messages in DRX mode. That is, the MS can work discontinuously.
The BSC sends a scheduling message to notify the MS that no short message is sent during a
particular period. Therefore, the MS must receive short messages only in the specified period.
This reduces the power consumption.
The SMSCB supports BTS flow control. That is, the CDB schedules the short messages to be
sent, but the BTS actually sends the messages. Each TRX of the BTS maintains one message
buffer and periodically sends cell broadcast short messages on a specified channel. If the
messages are not sent in time, the BTS reports the out-of-synchronization situation to the
BSC by sending a LOAD IND message. The CDB controls the BTS flow to maintain the
balance of the cell broadcast system so that as many broadcast messages as possible are sent
successfully.
Huawei BSS also supports the simplified cell broadcast feature. Without a CBC, this feature
supports the most commonly used standard cell broadcast services with low equipment costs
and low OM costs. This reduces the operator's CAPEX.
For details about the SMSCB, see Cell Broadcast Parameter Description.
3.10 Public Voice Group Call Service
3.10.1 Overview
The public voice group call service (VGCS) simultaneously provides voice services for a
group of MSs in half-duplex mode in a pre-defined area. This area is called the group call
area.
The network side defines the group call number, group members, and coverage area. An MS
who has permission can dial the group call number to originate a group call. All the group
members within the coverage area can be notified on the NCH and join the group call. During
the group call, every relevant cell has a group call channel, in which only the current speaker
uses the uplink (group transmission mode) and all the listeners wait in the downlink (group
reception mode). One of the group members can press and hold the PTT key on the MS to
speak to others. During this period, other members can only listen and cannot use the PTT
key. Other group members can speak by pressing PTT only after the speaker releases PTT.
When the conversation is complete, the group call originator terminates the call by pressing
the on-hook key and then all the group members hang up.
In addition, the VGCS provides dispatcher services. The dispatcher is a special user of the
fixed network or the mobile network defined by the network side. The dispatcher has the
permission to talk at any time during a group call and originates or terminates a group call
authorized by the network side.
A VGCS channel is similar to a TCH. When a VGCS or VBS call is established, each cell in the group call area
is assigned an A-interface circuit and a radio channel. In the group call area, the listeners of the same VGCS call
share the downlink of the channel. The VGCS subscribers preempt the uplink of the channel at different time
points. This channel is called the group call channel.
3.10.2 System Information
The system information related to a group call consists of System Information 1, 6, and 10.
System Information 1
When a group call is established, the BSS broadcasts a Notification Command message on
the NCH. The NCH is part of the CCCH. System Information 1 describes the position of
NCH on the CCCH and contains the NCHOCBLOCKNUM and NCHSTARTBLOCK parameters. The
sum of NCHOCBLOCKNUM and NCHSTARTBLOCK must be less than or equal to the value of
BSAGBLKSRES (BSC6900, BSC6910).
If NCHOCBLOCKNUM is set to 0, it indicates that the current cell does not support VGCS or
VBS. In this case, System Information 1 does not provide information about the number of
blocks occupied by the NCH or the start block.
If a cell supports VGCS or VBS, the BSC needs to provide the NCH notification list of the
current cell, the status of the list, whether the PCH has been adjusted, and some information
about VGCS or VBS. If a cell supports Reduced NCH monitoring, an MS determines
whether to listen to the NCH according to the Notification List Number (NLN) and the
change in the list status instead of listening to the NCH all the time. This helps save power.
System Information 6 is used in dedicated mode only.
System Information 10 is used to improve the cell reselection performance of an MS in group

reception mode. System Information 10 only contains the information about neighboring cells
in the same group call area so that the MSs in group reception mode do not reselect the cell
out of the group call area. This minimizes call disconnections.
The cell list of a group call area is configured on the MSC side. Different group calls may
have different cell lists. System Information 10 ensures that an MS reselects a cell within the
group call area only. This improves the cell reselection performance of the MS. Therefore,
when establishing a group call, the BSC indirectly constructs a cell list of the current group
call according to the VGCS/VBS Assignment Request message from the MSC. The BSC then
considers the intersection of the cell list of the current group call and the neighboring cell list
of the current cell as the neighboring cell list of the current group call in the current cell. The
BSC sends System Information 10 to the MS, informing the MS of the neighboring cell
information of the current group call in the current cell. This information is intended as a
reference for the MS to perform cell reselection.
One cell may belong to different group call areas, and two or more group calls may be
established in one cell. System Information 10 provides the MS in group reception mode with
cell reselection information. Therefore, System Information 10 can be sent on only the
corresponding SACCH of the NCH. The system information contains only the information
about the neighboring cells that belong to the same group call area as the current cell.
4 Engineering Guidelines
4.1 Deploying IMSI Detach
4.1.1 Deployment Requirements

None
4.1.2 Activation
Using MML Commands
On the BSC LMT, run the SET GCELLIDLEBASIC command with Attach-detach
Allowed set to YES(Yes).
MML Command Examples
SET GCELLIDLEBASIC: IDTYPE=BYID, CELLID=0, ATT=YES;
Using the CME
For detailed operations, see CME-based Feature Configuration.

4.1.3 Activation Observation
On the BSC LMT, perform the following steps:

1. Run the LST GCELLIDLEBASIC command to query the value of Attach-detach
Allowed.
Expected result: The value of Attach-detach Allowed is YES(Yes).
2. On the LMT, double-click A Interface Trace to create a trace task. On the Basic tab
page, specify the destination point code (DPC) of the test cell in the DPC(HEX) text
box, and select BSSAP in the Trace Type area. On the BSSAP tab page, specify the ID
of the test cell in the Cell ID (cell1, cell2, ...cell16): text box. Then, click Submit.
3. After the A interface message tracing window is displayed, power off the MS.
Expected result: The IMSI DETACH INDICATION message is displayed in the
window.
4.1.4 Deactivation
Using MML Commands
On the BSC LMT, run the SET GCELLIDLEBASIC command with Attach-detach
Allowed set to NO(No).
MML Command Examples
SET GCELLIDLEBASIC: IDTYPE=BYID, CELLID=0, ATT=NO;
Using the CME
For detailed operations, see CME-based Feature Configuration.

4.2 Deploying Location Updating
None
4.3 Deploying PS Paging
None
4.4 Deploying Basic Cell Selection
None
4.5 Deploying Basic Cell Re-selection
None
4.6 Deploying System Information Sending
None
5 Parameters
The following hyperlinked EXCEL files of parameter reference match the software version
with which this document is released.
Base station controller parameter reference
 BSC6900 GSM Parameter Reference:contains the parameters related to the BSC6900
equipment, transport, and radio access functions.
 BSC6910 GSM Parameter Reference:contains the parameters related to the BSC6910
equipment, transport, and radio access functions.
eGBTS Parameter reference
 Node Parameter Reference: contains base station equipment and transport parameters.
 GBTSFunction Parameter Reference:
contains all parameters related to radio access
functions, including air interface management, access control, mobility control, and radio
resource management.
You can find the EXCEL files of parameter reference for the software version on the live network from the
product documentation delivered with that version.
FAQ: How do I find the parameters related to a certain feature from parameter
reference?
Step 1: Open the EXCEL file of parameter reference.
Step 2: On the Parameter List sheet, filter the Feature ID column. Click Text Filters and
choose Contains. Enter the feature ID, for example, GBFD-200201.
Step 3: Click OK. All parameters related to the feature are displayed.
6 Counters
The following hyperlinked EXCEL files of performance counter reference match the
software version with which this document is released.
Base station controller performance counter reference
 BSC6900 GSM Performance Counter Reference: contains the counters related to the
BSC6900 equipment, transport, and radio access functions.
 BSC6910 GSM Performance Counter Reference:
contains the counters related to the
BSC6910 equipment, transport, and radio access functions.
eGBTS performance counter reference
 Node Performance Counter Summary: contains base station equipment and transport
counters.
 GBTSFunction Performance Counter Summary:
contains all counters related to radio access
functions, including air interface management, access control, mobility control, and radio
resource management.
You can find the EXCEL files of performance counter reference for the software version used on the live
network from the product documentation delivered with that version.
FAQ: How do I find the counters related to a certain feature from performance counter
reference?
Step 1: Open the EXCEL file of performance counter reference.
Step 2: On the Counter Summary(En) sheet, filter the Feature ID column. Click Text
Filters and choose Contains. Enter the feature ID, for example, GBFD-200201.
Step 3: Click OK. All counters related to the feature are displayed.
7 Glossary
For the acronyms, abbreviations, terms, and definitions, see Glossary.

8 Reference Documents
1. 3GPP TS 23.122 Non-Access-Stratum (NAS) functions related to Mobile Station

(MS) in idle mode
2. 3GPP TS 44.018 Mobile radio interface layer 3 specification; Radio Resource Control
(RRC) protocol
3. 3GPP TS 45.008 Radio subsystem link control
4. 3GPP TS 43.022 Functions related to Mobile Station (MS) in idle mode and group
receive mode
5. Power Control Feature Parameter Description
6. Cell Broadcast Feature Parameter Description

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Idle Mode Behavior

Idle Mode Behavior Feature Parameter

Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2020. All rights reserved.

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Feature Parameter Description documents are intended to acquaint readers with:

This issue includes the following changes.

Change Type Change Description Parameter Change

Feature change None None

A powered-on MS without a dedicated channel is defined as an MS in idle mode. While in

Table 2-1 NEs supporting the feature

Feature BSC6900 BSC6910 GBTS eGBTS

Basic Cell Re- √ √ √ √

3.2 PLMN Selection

An MS selects a PLMN when it is powered on or re-enters an area covered by the network. It

This section describes the GBFD-110401 Basic Cell Selection feature.

C1 of the serving cell must be greater than 0. It is calculated as follows:

This section describes the GBFD-110402 Basic Cell Re-selection feature.

A cell reselection occurs if any of the following conditions are met:

This section describes the GBFD-110301 Location Updating feature.

1. When an MS initiates a location update request, an immediate assignment procedure

This section describes the GBFD-110302 IMSI Detach feature.

Broadcast channels, including the Frequency Correction Channel (FCCH), Synchronization

This section describes the GBFD-110303 CS Paging feature.

The CCCH uses one physical channel 9

The CCCH uses one physical channel. It 3

The CCCH uses two physical channels 18

The CCCH uses three physical channels 27

The CCCH uses four physical channels 36

In different CCCH configurations, each BCCH multi-frame (containing 51 frames) includes

The formula for calculating the paging group for an MS is:

The MSC determines whether to use TMSI-based or IMSI-based paging.

3.7.5 Paging Modes

Huawei GBSS supports the following standard paging modes:

 The PAGINGREORGSTARTTHRD (BSC6900, BSC6910) parameter specifies the

 Priority-based message transmission over the PCH

This section describes the GBFD-111101 System Information Sending feature.

Table 3-3 lists the contents of System Information 1.

SYS INFO 1 Cell Channel Desc

RACH Control Para.

The contents of System Information 1 are described as follows:

Cell Channel Description IEI octet 1

Bit Bit 0 0 Bit Bit Bit Bit octet 2

128 127 Spare Spare 124 123 122 121

Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit octet 3

120 119 118 117 116 115 114 113

Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit Bit octet 17

Table 3-5 Format of cell channel description

 RACH Control Para.

Table 3-6 Relationship between S and T

TX Non-Combined CCCH Combined CCCH

7, 12, 32 217 115

If satellite transmission is used, it is recommended that MSMAXRETRAN (BSC6900,

SYS INFO 2 Neighbor Cell Desc.

RACH Control Para.

SYS INFO 2 BIS Neighbor Cell Desc.

RACH Control Para.

SYS INFO 2TER Neighbor Cell Desc. (Extended)

SYS INFO 2QUATER SI 2quater Rest Octets

Multiband Reporting (Two Bits) Meaning

0 The MS reports the measurement results of

1 If there is a neighboring cell that is on a

10 If there are two neighboring cells that are on

11 If there are three neighboring cells that are