5 NAMES

OF
BACTERIA
AND
VIRUS
Lance Henry R. Bayola
8–SSC PYTHAGORAS
Helicobacter pylori
CAUSE- bacterial infection that causes stomach inflammation (gastritis), peptic ulcer disease, and certain
types of stomach cancer. The infection is caused by a type of bacteria called Helicobacter
pylori (H. pylori). When symptoms of H.
EFFECT- Ulcers. H. pylori can damage the protective lining of your stomach and small intestine
PREVENTION- Practice good hygiene and hand washing, especially with food preparation. All patients
with chronic gastrointestinal symptoms that may be associated with H. pylori infection should be tested
and treated to prevent exposure to family members.

Cyanobacteria
CAUSE- Recreational exposure to cyanobacteria can result in gastro-intestinal and hay fever
symptoms or pruritic skin rashes. Exposure to the cyanobacteria neurotoxin BMAA may be an
environmental cause of neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS),
Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease.
EFFECT-Some species of cyanobacteria produce toxins that affect animals and humans. .The most
frequent and serious health effects are caused by drinking water containing the toxins or by
ingestion during recreational water contact like swimming. Cyanobacteria can also cause
problems for drinking water treatment systems.
PREVENTION- Don't swim, water ski, or boat in areas where the water is discolored or where you
see foam, scum, or mats of algae on the water's surface.

Fusobacteria
CAUSE- Fusobacterium is a genus of anaerobic, Gram-negative, non-sporeforming bacteria, similar to
Bacteroides. ... Strains of Fusobacterium cause several human diseases, including periodontal diseases,
Lemierre's syndrome, and topical skin ulcers.
EFFECT-Fusobacteria are common obligately anaerobic Gram-negative bacteria of the oral cavity that
may act as a bridge between early and late colonizing bacteria in dental plaque and have a role in oral
and extra-oral infections.
PREVENTION- Fusobacteria are known to have a high resistance to macrolides, and penicillin may not be
effective. (See Antibiotic therapy for Fusobacterium for recommended drugs and drug combinations.) In
some cases, surgical drainage of an abscess is indicated. No vaccine is currently available to
prevent Fusobacterium infections.
Escherichia
CAUSE- Escherichia coli, also known as E. coli, is a Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, rod-
shaped, coliform bacterium of the genus Escherichia that is commonly found in the lower
intestine of warm-blooded organisms. 
EFFECT- coli O157:H7 and other strains that cause intestinal sickness are called Shiga toxin–
producing E. coli (STEC) after the toxin that they produce. Symptoms of intestinal infection
include diarrhea, abdominal pain, and fever. More severe cases can lead to bloody diarrhea,
dehydration, or even kidney failure.
PREVENTION- Wash utensils. Use hot soapy water on knives, countertops and cutting boards
before and after they come into contact with fresh produce or raw meat.

Pseudomonas
CAUSE- Pseudomonas infections are diseases caused by a bacterium from the
genus Pseudomonas. The bacteria are found widely in the environment, such as in soil,
water, and plants. They usually do not cause infections in healthy people. If an infection does
occur in a healthy person, it is generally mild.
EFFECT- Milder Pseudomonas infections can occur in otherwise healthy people. These
include ear infections and skin rashes, especially after exposure to water. Pseudomonas
bacteria cause well-known conditions such as hot tub rash, a red and itchy skin rash resulting
from contaminated water, and swimmer's ear.
PREVENTION- To prevent spreading Pseudomonas infections between patients, healthcare
personnel must follow specific infection control precautions. These precautions may include
strict adherence to hand hygiene and wearing gowns and gloves when they enter rooms
where patients infected with Pseudomonas are staying.
Lassa mammarenavirus
CAUSE- Lassa mammarenavirus (LASV) is an arenavirus that causes Lassa hemorrhagic fever, a
type of viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF), in humans and other primates.
EFFECT- The symptoms include flu-like illness characterized by fever, general weakness, cough,
sore throat, headache, and gastrointestinal manifestations. Hemorrhagic manifestations include
vascular permeability.
PREVENTION- The antiviral drug ribavirin seems to be an effective treatment for Lassa fever if
given early on in the course of clinical illness. There is no evidence to support the role of ribavirin
as post-exposure prophylactic treatment for Lassa fever. There is currently no vaccine that
protects against Lassa fever.

Coronavirus
CAUSE-A coronavirus is a virus that is found in animals. Sometimes these viruses can be
transmitted from animals to humans, although it is rare. Officials do not know what animal
caused the Wuhan coronavirus, although the market it is linked to also sold wild animals, like
snakes and crocodiles
EFFECT-A mild cough,shortness of breath, runny nose ,sore throat, headache, fever .
PREVENTION-
Avoid close contact with people who are sick.
Avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth with unwashed hands.
Stay home when you are sick.
Cover your cough or sneeze with a tissue, then throw the tissue in the trash.
Clean and disinfect frequently touched objects and surfaces using a regular household cleaning spray or wipe.
VIRUS
VI

BACTERIA
measles
CAUSE- Causes. Measles is caused by infection with the rubeola virus. The virus lives in the mucus of the nose and
throat of an infected child or adult. The disease is contagious for 4 days before the rash appears, and it continues
to be contagious for about 4 to 5 days after.
EFFECT- Measles is a serious, highly contagious viral infection that attacks the respiratory tract before spreading to
other areas of the body. Early symptoms include a high fever, a cough, a runny nose, and itchy, watery eyes. But
among the most recognizable effects of measles on the body is the characteristic rash.
PREVENTION- Getting vaccinated is the best way to prevent measles. Two doses of the measles vaccine are 97
percent effective at preventing measles infection. 

rubella
CAUSE- virus that's passed from person to person. It can spread when an infected person coughs or sneezes, or it
can spread by direct contact with an infected person's respiratory secretions, such as mucus. It can also be
transmitted from pregnant women to their unborn children via the bloodstream.
EFFECT- The virus can pass across the placenta and affect the fetus. In around half of rubella cases there are very
few symptoms, but symptoms include a rash, a runny nose, a headache, and fever. During pregnancy, rubella can
cause congenital rubella syndrome, a leading cause of deafness, in the unborn child.
PREVENTION- Exclude people with rubella from childcare, preschool, school and work until fully recovered or for
at least 4 days after the onset of the rash.

roseola
CAUSE- The most common cause of roseola is the human herpes virus 6, but the cause also can be another herpes
virus — human herpes virus 7. Like other viral illnesses, such as a common cold, roseola spreads from person to
person through contact with an infected person's respiratory secretions or saliva.
EFFECT- Roseola symptoms may include: Fever. Roseola typically starts with a sudden, high fever — often greater
than 103 F (39.4 C). Some children also may have a sore throat, runny nose or cough along with or preceding
the fever
PREVENTION- Because there's no vaccine to prevent roseola, the best you can do to prevent the spread of roseola
is to avoid exposing your child to an infected child. If your child is sick with roseola, keep him or her home and
away from other children until the fever has broken.