COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road

Chak Shezad Islamabad Pakistan

Assignment By : Furqan Afzal

Assignment To : Miss Sajida Kalsoom

Section : A
Roll Number : 029
(SP21-BSE)
 Evolution and
History of computer

Classification
Electromechanical
Calculation Devices

Electronic Computers
Technological Advancement

Mechanical Calculating Devices

Mark I (1937-1944)

‣ An early protocomputer,
Manual built during World War II in the
United States.

‣ A project conceived by
Semi-Automatic Harvard University's Dr.
Howard Aiken, the Mark I was
built by IBM engineers in
Endicott, N.Y.

Abacus (3500 B.C.)
‣ Abacus was invented by
Tim Cranmer.
‣ The binary abacus is
used to explain how
computers manipulate
numbers.
Analytical Engine
Napier Bones(1700s)
‣ Napier's bones is a
manually-operated
calculating device
created by John Napier.
‣ Used for the
calculation of products
and quotients of
numbers
Pascaline (1642)
Lebnitz machine
‣ The Pascaline was
‣ In 1671 the designed and built by
German Blaise Pascal between
mathematician- 1642 and 1644.
philosopher
‣ It could only do
Gottfried Wilhelm
addition and
von Leibniz
subtraction, with
designed a
numbers being entered
calculating
machine called the by manipulating its dials
Step Reckoner.

‣ The Analytical Engine was Punched Cards

designed by Babbage, with Jacquard's loom
the assistance of Ada ‣ In 1890 The
Lovelace. punched card was ‣ Invented by Difference Engine
originally invented Joseph Jacquard
‣ The Analytical Engine was by Herman and demonstrated ‣ Difference Engine,
to be a general-purpose, Hollerith, was first in 1801, the an early calculating
fully program-controlled, used for vital Jacquard Loom is machine, verging on
automatic mechanical digital statistics tabulation an attachment for being the first
computer. by the New York City powered fabric computer, designed
Board of Health looms. and partially built
during the 1820s and
'30s by Charles
Babbage.

•1964-1971
•Vacuum •Transistor
•Integrated
tube •1956-1963
Circuits
•1940-1956 •Developed
1st •Example: 2nd for the
atomic
3rd •Drastically
increased
UNIVAC and the speed
ENIA energy
and
industry.
efficiency.
 •Microproc •Transistor
essors •1990-
•1971- present
Present •Artificial
4th • GUIs, the
mouse and 5th Intelligence
and the
handheld use of
devices supercond
were made uctors.