Setting Calculation Relay TKT r3

SETTING CALCULATION
This drawing/document is the INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY of

ANDRITZ HYDRO GmbH, Vienna, Austria
PURCHASER :
Vinh Son – Song Hinh Hydropower Joint Stock Company
SUPPLIER :
ANDRITZ HYDRO GmbH, VIENNA, AUSTRIA
PROJECT:
THUONG KON TUM HYDRO POWER PROJECT ( 2 X 110 MW)
3 Incudes Cable differential protection line side 18.06.2020 DY SP HJ

2 As Per Client Comments 17.06.2020 DY SP HJ
1 As Built 28.03.2020 SP SP HJ
Index Modification Date Prepared Checked Approved
SETTING CALCULATION-PROTECTION
Client VSH Prep. DY Contract Nº.

Plant TKT HPP (2X110 MW) Chk. SP 817/2012/HD-VSH-AH
Project Nº C.388/C.389 / V-0322 Appr. SP = +
Index R3 DOC Nº TKT-PR-01-CA-1083-A
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Date 30.03.2018
Page 1 of page 50 Internal Nº 2801083
SETTING CALCULATION
Table of content
1 General Note ........................................................................................................................................ 3

2 Technical Data .................................................................................................................................... 3
3 Unit Protection .................................................................................................................................... 5
3.1 Generator Differential Protection, 87G (F11,F21) ............................................................................ 5
3.2 Stator Earth Fault Protection, 64S2-100% (F11,F21) ....................................................................... 5
3.3 Overload 3 Phase, 49G (F11,F21) ...................................................................................................... 7
3.4 Voltage Control Overcurrent, 51V (F11,F21) .................................................................................... 9
3.5 Under/Over Frequency Protection, 81G (F11,F21) ........................................................................... 9
3.6 Under Impedance Protection (F11,F21) .......................................................................................... 10
3.7 Negative Phase Sequence Protection, 46G (F11,F21) ................................................................... 11
3.8 Loss of Excitation, 40G (F11,F21) ................................................................................................... 12
3.9 Generator Overvoltage Protection, 59G (F11,F21) ........................................................................ 13

3.10 Generator Under voltage Protection, 27G (F11,F21) ..................................................................... 13
3.11 Rotor Earth Fault, 64R (F11,F21) ..................................................................................................... 13
3.12 Stator Earth Fault Protection 64S-95% (F11,F21) ......................................................................... 14
3.13 Reverse Power Protection, 32G (F11,F21) ...................................................................................... 14
3.14 Out of Step, 78G (F11,F21) ............................................................................................................... 15
3.15 Inadvertent Energisation, 27/50 (F11,F21) ...................................................................................... 16
3.16 Shaft Overcurrent, 51SC (F11,F21) .................................................................................................. 16
3.17 Voltage Balance, 60P (F11,F21) ....................................................................................................... 17
3.18 Stator Interturn Fault,51GI (F12,F22) ............................................................................................... 17
3.19 Cable Differential Protection 87C (F15, F25) .................................................................................. 18
4 Generator Transformer Protection (F13,F23) ................................................................................. 19
4.1 Generator Transformer Differential Protection, 87MT................................................................... 19
4.2 Generator Transformer Overcurrent and Earth fault Protection, 50/51T (F13,F23) ................... 20
4.3 Generator Neutral Overcurrent and Earth fault Protection, 51MTN (F13,F23) ............................ 21
4.4 Voltage Balance, 60P (F13,F23) ....................................................................................................... 21
4.5 Generator Transformer Over fluxing, 24MT (F13,F23) .................................................................. 22
4.6 Restricted Earth Fault Protection, 87N (F13,F23) .......................................................................... 22
5 Excitation Transformer Protection (F14,F24) ................................................................................. 23
5.1 Overcurrent Protection - Excitation Transformer, 50/51ET .......................................................... 23
6 UAT Transformer Protection (F14,F24) ........................................................................................... 24
6.1 Overcurrent Protection – Unit Auxiliary Transformer, 50/51UT ................................................... 24
7 Line Protection: ................................................................................................................................. 25
7.1 Line Protection Main - F11 ............................................................................................................... 25
7.1.1 Differential Protection 87L ................................................................................................................... 25
7.1.2 Residual Earth Fault, 67N ................................................................................................................... 30
7.1.3 Scheme Communication, 67N ............................................................................................................ 32
7.1.4 Directional Overcurrent, 67 ................................................................................................................. 33
7.2 Line Protection Backup - F21 .......................................................................................................... 35
7.3 Cable Differential Protection 87C (F12, F22) .................................................................................. 50

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SETTING CALCULATION
1 General Note
The calculated relay settings are based on various data available during the workout of the docu-
ment. In case of any equipment modification or change of electrical characteristics this document
has to be revised. Therefore all the settings have to be checked and revised during the commis-
sioning on site.
This document provides information about the protective scheme for the generator, excitation
transformer-, main transformer- and unit auxiliary transformer. Please note that the generator,
excitation transformer, main transformer, and unit auxiliary transformer capability curves and de-
tailed technical data are in separate documents. Also the documentation with detailed descrip-
tions of the various protection systems is provided in separate relay documents.
2 Technical Data
Generator:
GENERATOR OUTPUT Sn 129.41 MVA

RATED VOLTAGE Un 13.8 kV
POWER FACTOR p.f. 0.85
RATED CURRENT In 5414.28 A
RATED FREQUENCY fn 50 Hz
SYNCRONOUS REACTANCE Xd 0.89 P.U
TRANSIENT REACTANCE Xd' 0.26 P.U
NEGATIVE PHASE SEQUENCE WITHSTAND I2 8 %
UNBALANCED LOAD I²xt 20 sec
FIELD CURRENT If 1255 Adc
CAPACITANCE TO GROUND VALUE Cgen 0.4705 µF
GENERATOR
SYNCHRONOUS REACTANCE QUADR. AXIS Xq 0.71 p.u.
Step up transformer
RATED VOLTAGE Un 13.8/220 kV

RATED OUTPUTS Sn 132 MVA
SHORT CIRCUIT VOLTAGE Uk 12 %
VECTOR GROUP YNd11
VOLTAGE AT HV SIDE VT 220000 V
VOLTAGE AT LV SIDE 13800 V
Excitation Transformer:
RATED VOLTAGE Un 13800/0.385 V

RATED OUTPUTS Sn 840 kVA
VECTOR GROUP Dy5

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SETTING CALCULATION
Current Transformer
PRIMARY SECONDARY
GENERATOR TRANSFORMER HV SIDE 400 1
GENERATOR TRANSFORMER NEUTRAL 400 1
GENERATOR NEUTRAL 6000 1
GENERATOR TERMINAL 6000 1
UNIT AUXILIARY TRANSFORMER T-OFF 100 1
EXCITATION TRANSFORMER T-OFF 100 1
Voltage transformer
PRIMARY SECONDARY
PROTECTION CORE 13800V 110V
AVR CORE 13800V 110V
NEUTRAL TRANSFORMER 11000V 240V
METERING CORE 13800V 110V
LINE 230000V 110V
Line Parameter
Length of protected line L1 84.77km

Positive sequence Resistance 0.87Ohm/km
Positive sequence Reactance 0.4143Ohm/km
Positive sequence Resistance 0.3678Ohm/km
Positive sequence Reactance 1.1939Ohm/km
Length of shortest Line 27.8km
Length of longest Line 64.23km

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SETTING CALCULATION
3 Unit Protection
3.1 Generator Differential Protection, 87G (F11,F21)
Generator rating = 129.41MVA

Rating according to information of the manufacturer. The rated current is calculated as in the
following:
Sg 129410kVA
Igp = = = 5414.28A
Vgp × √3 13.8kV × √3
CT-ratio of the generator according to single line diagram = 6000A/1A
Igp 5414.28
Ihvs = ⁄
CT ratio = 6000 = 0.90A
Therefore when setting the differential operating current to 25 % of the relay current rating, i.e
𝐼𝑠 = 1 × 0.25 = 0.25𝐴
Which is in turn the equivalent to
Is 0.25
= = 0.27 or 27% of Generator Rated current.
Ihvs 0.90
Parameter SettingSetting calculation and comments

Operate value 0.25A Setting the differential current to 25% Of rated value.
Bias 40% The parameter “Bias “is necessary for covering CT mis-
match.
3.2 Stator Earth Fault Protection, 64S2-100% (F11,F21)
The stator earth fault protection system is used to detect earth faults in the stator winding of
three phase generators by evaluating the 3rd harmonic in the generator voltage. The application
of the stator earth fault protection with the 3rd harmonic is restricted to faults in the vicinity of
the generator neutral. Hence it is required to use additionally the usual 85 to 95 % earth fault
protection by means of an overvoltage relay in the zero sequence system of the generator volt-
age.
For simplification an evenly distribution of the 3rd harmonic over neutral and terminals for the
generator in healthy condition is assumed (see figure below).

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SETTING CALCULATION
This distribution of the 3rd harmonic over neutral and terminal side is taken for the evaluation of
earth faults close to the generator neutral. The 3rd harmonic is measured in the generator neu-
tral with a single-phase voltage transformer and on the generator leads with a voltage trans-
former in open delta connection. In case of an earth fault, the 3rd harmonic in the neutral is
shorted whereby the value on the generator terminals is increased by the same value (see figure
below).
The following requirement is assumed: the relay with the measurement of the 3rd harmonic
shall protect the 15% of the stator coil close to the neutral point. The other 85% are protected by
a normal overvoltage relay with the measurement of the fundamental frequency.
The correct settings will be determined on site during earth fault tests. For this purpose different
measurements of the 3rd harmonic in the generator neutral and on the generator leads have to
be done in dependence of different generator loads for the healthy condition and for an earth
fault.
The 3rd harmonics are processed via the following formula:
( 3rd .Harm.gen. terminal volt.  ratio  3rd .Harm.gen. neutral volt. )  measured value

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SETTING CALCULATION
There should be a difference between the measured values for the healthy condition and for the
case of an earth fault. The setting of the operate value has to be chosen to be inside this gap. If it
is not possible, you could try to improve the situation by varying the ratio factor. In case of
measurement difficulties one possibility is to check the earthing of the neutral single transformer
and of the generator leads voltage transformer. There must not be any voltages between the
earthing of both devices.
3.3 Overload 3 Phase, 49G (F11,F21)

The thermal overload protection prevents damage to the protected object caused by
thermal overloading. The function is working with an I2t characteristic and calculates the
thermal image of the protected plant. When the plant is operated above its normal work-
ing range an alarm and/or trip will be initiated. The adjustable temperature setting in the
DRS menu for the function are given as percentage values of the temperature limit. The
temperature limit is the temperature which will be reached if the transformer operates at
nominal value.

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SETTING CALCULATION
Parameter Setting Setting calculation and comments

Load 0.99 The generator nominal current is =5414.28A ,
Setting. The CT-nominal current is 6000A.
To compensate the difference we are able to calculate
IG 5414.28A
= × 1 = 0.90A
ICT−ratio 6000
The relay setting is selected to be 110% of the generator

rating
Is1 = 1.1 x 0.90A = 0.99 A
So the load setting
IS1 0.99
Load Setting = = = 0.99 A
IN 1
The setting is selected to be 0.99 A

Preload- 100% Since there will be no actual measuring of the cooling me-
ing dium temperature, the temperature will be calculated as a
relative value and the thermal limit parameter is set to
100% with a temperature preset value of 0 degree.
Heating 25 min The thermal time constant for heating is set to 1500s = 25min.
Time Con- this setting has to be confirmed during commissioning.
stant
Cooling 25 min. The thermal time constant for the cooling is the same as for heat-
Time Con- ing. This setting has to be confirmed during commissioning.
stant
Thermal 100% Since there will be no actual measuring of the cooling medium
Limit temperature, the temperature will be calculated as a relative val-
ue and the thermal limit parameter is set to 100% with a temper-
ature preset value of 0 degree.
Alarm 111% Alarm will be given above 11% continuous overload.
Tempera-
ture
Oper. Tem- 112% Trip will be given after 12% continuous overload.
perature
Cooling Preset Since there will be no actual measuring of the cooling medium
Med. Temp temperature, the temperature will be calculated as a relative val-
ue (Preset for relative measurement and Measuring if PT100 is
used.)
Tempera- 0 deg. Default setting. Has no effect on relative measurement.
ture Preset
Measur. 20 Default setting. Has no effect on relative measurement.
Sensitivity mv/deg
Gradient Positive Default setting. Has no effect on relative measurement.
Voltage at 0 2.50 V Default setting. Has no effect on relative measurement.
deg.
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SETTING CALCULATION
3.4 Voltage Control Overcurrent, 51V (F11,F21)
The inadvertent energizing pick up is specified by the parameter "Operate Value I". The
corresponding setting value is normally more sensitive than the value of the conventional
overcurrent protection function (setting depends on the setting of the overcurrent func-
tion). So it has to be ensured that the function only works during nominal conditions.
For this case the inadvertent energizing is blocked by exceeding a setting value called
"Operate Value U" to be delayed that it isn´t active immediately during an inadvertent en-
ergizing,

Operate 1.2 120% of the nominal relay current

Value I
Operate 70 V 70% of the relay nominal voltage
Value U
Pick Up 3.5 s Default value, actual value will be set on site during commis-
Delay sioning
Drop Off 0.5 sec Default value, actual value will be set on site during commis-
Delay sioning
3.5 Under/Over Frequency Protection, 81G (F11,F21)

Mini- 70V In order to block the frequency function during stand-
mum still mode and when starting up the generator a cer-
voltage tain minimum voltage setting has to be used. Below
setting that value the function is not active.
Maxi- 140V Beyond this value the measurement of the frequency
mum will be deactivated.
voltage
setting
Operate 51.5Hz Has to be coordinated with the settings of other fre-
value quency relays in the grid.
stage 1
Time 180s Has to be coordinated with the settings of other fre-
delay quency relays in the grid.
stage 1
Type Over detec- To be used as over frequency stage.
stage 1 tion
Operate 52Hz Has to be coordinated with the settings of other fre-
stage 2
Time 0.1s Has to be coordinated with the settings of other fre-
stage 2
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Type Over detec- To be used as over frequency stage.

stage 2 tion
Operate 47.5Hz Has to be coordinated with the settings of other fre-
stage 3
Time 20s Has to be coordinated with the settings of other fre-
stage 3
Type Under detec- To be used as under frequency stage.
stage 3 tion
Operate 46Hz Has to be coordinated with the settings of other fre-
stage 4
Time 0.1s Has to be coordinated with the settings of other fre-

stage 4
Type Under detec- To be used as under frequency stage.
stage 4 tion
3.6 Under Impedance Protection (F11,F21)

Operate 9.94  The primary short circuit impedance of transformer
value
2
VTP uk 13.8kV 2 × 10%
ZP = . = = 0.17Ω
St 100 129.41MVA × 100
Therefore the secondary transformer impedance is

calculated
CT ratio 6000 × 110

Zs = . Zp = = 8.44Ω
VT ratio 1 × 13800
In order not to overreach on external system faults an

impedance of approximately 50% to 70% of the trans-
former is selected with a corresponding setting of
Z21G = 70% × Zs = 0.7 × 8.44Ω = 5.90Ω
with a time delay, t 21G = 2s

9.94  is selected as per client comments
Current 1.08 A The generator nominal current is
interlock
Sg 129.41MVA
Ig = = = 5414.28A
Vg × √3 13.8kV × √3
The interlock current is selected to be 120% of the

generator nominal current:
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SETTING CALCULATION
120% × Ig = 120% × 5414.28 = 6497.136A
to receive the secondary current we have to consider

the CT-ratio:
Ig 6497.136A
Isec = = × 1 A = 1.08A
CTratio 6000A
The interlock current activates the measuring system

of the impedance stage but it can also be used as a
backup over current stage for the main protective func-
tions of the generator.
Time de- 2s Time delay to allow other protection functions to oper-

lay im- ate.
pedance
Time de- 2.0s Has to be coordinated with the other over current pro-
lay cur- tection relays in the system in case it is used as inde-
rent pendent backup over current function.
3.7 Negative Phase Sequence Protection, 46G (F11,F21)

CT ratio comp. 0.90 The generator nominal current is =5414.28 A ,
The CT-nominal current is 6000A.
To compensate the difference we are able to calcu-

late
Ig 5414.28 A
= × 1 A = 0.90 𝐴
CTratio 6000A
The setting is selected to be 0.90

Cont. unbal. 8% The continuous unbalanced load of the generator
load shall be 8% of the generator rated current according
to T.D Sheet of Generator
Time constant of the rotor I 2 x t  20s according to
2
Time constant 52 min
20s 20
T.D Sheet of Generator   2   52 min
I 0.082
Neg. ph. 80% For the alarm to the control system.
sequence
alarm
Neg. ph. 100% When reaching the permissible temperature of the ro-
sequence trip tor a trip command will be released.

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SETTING CALCULATION
3.8 Loss of Excitation, 40G (F11,F21)

The under excitation MHO protection is used to detect failures in the excitation system of
synchronous generators and to prevent damage to the equipment and power swings in
the system.
The given direct reactance’s are

Synchronous reactance xd = 0.89 PU
Transient reactance (saturated) xd´ = 0.26 PU
A compensation factor F must be determined according to the equation below, in order

to adjust the reactance’s to the CT and VT ratios:
VG CTratio Ir 13800 6000 × 110 1

F= × × = × × = 1.21
IG VTratio Vr 5414.28 1 × 13800 100
Where
Ir … rated current of the relay
Vr … rated voltage of the relay (100V internally)
So the adapted reactance’s are

xd = F × xd = 1.21 × 0.89 = 1.07
xd′ = F × xd′ = 1.21 × 0.26 = 0.31
The relay function setting is calculated as follows.
Diameter = xd = 1.07
xd′ xd 0.31 1.07

Center = + = + = 0.69
2 2 2 2

Centre 0.81 p.u Refer to the calculation above. As per client comments
Diameter 1.21 p.u Refer to the calculation above. As per client comments
Voltage Direc- Direction 1 Has to be tested during commissioning activities.
tion
Time delay 1 sec Refer to the calculation above, according to the settings of
stage 1 the voltage regulator.
Operate Value 10 Adc The internal measuring values are 5 times smaller than the
stage 2 real field current because of the chosen value for the rotor
current compensation (otherwise it would not be possible
to monitor a bigger range of the field current).
Time delay 1 sec

stage 2
Rotor Current 24 Adc/V Compensation factor to adapt the external mA-Signal. Ac-
Compensation cording to the devices available in the excitation system.
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SETTING CALCULATION
Rotor Current 0.5 V Compensation factor to adapt the external mA-Signal. Ac-
Offset cording to the devices available in the excitation system.
3.9 Generator Overvoltage Protection, 59G (F11,F21)

Operate 132V The value 120% of the PT secondary i.e. 110V is cho-
value sen by experience and depends on the customer
stage 1 wishes
Time de- 3.00s
lay stage 1

stage 2 wishes
Time de- 0.5s
lay stage 2
Type Over- The function will be used for over-voltage protection.
detection
3.10 Generator Under voltage Protection, 27G (F11,F21)

stage 1 wishes
Time de- 4s
lay stage 1
Type Under- The function will be used for under-voltage protection.
detection
3.11 Rotor Earth Fault, 64R (F11,F21)

Operate 50 kΩ
value
stage 1
For Alarm Only.
Time de- 3s
lay
stage 1
Operate 5 kΩ For Trip Only.
value
stage 2
Time de- 1s
lay
stage 2

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SETTING CALCULATION
3.12 Stator Earth Fault Protection 64S-95% (F11,F21)

Operate 8.69V The function should serve as an earth fault function
value for the complete 11kV-system and for the generator
up to 95% of its winding.
With an earth fault in the 11kV-system (respectively
on the terminals of the generator) we receive the fol-
lowing voltage in the generator neutral:
VGen 1 13.8kV 1
VNsec = × = × × 240
√3 NGT ratio √3 11000
= 173.84V
For a protection range of 95% we are able to calcu-

late the setting value:
100% − Prot. range

VSet = ( ) × VNsec
100%
100% − 95%
=( ) × 173.84V = 8.69V
100%
Time de- 0.2s In case of a fault in the 13.8kV-system and up to

lay 95% of the generator winding
Type Over detec- The function has to operate as an over voltage func-
tion tion.
3.13 Reverse Power Protection, 32G (F11,F21)

Operate -5.0 % Pn That is equal to a reverse power condition of 0.5% of the
value nominal values of the protection relay (given by the nomi-
nal input values for voltage and current):
PN = √3 × Vgp × Ig × cos ∅ = 1.732 × 13800V × 5414.28A

= 109.99W
The relay setting is obtained as follows.
𝑃𝑆 = −0.05 × PN = −0.05 × 109.99 MW = −5.82 MW
Time de- 5s Will be coordinated with the supplier of the turbine regula-
lay tor.
Power Direction Has to be determined during commissioning activities.
direc- ...
tion
Phase right The generator has a phase rotation to the right.
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SETTING CALCULATION
rotation
3.14 Out of Step, 78G (F11,F21)

Base Point (R1) 11.24 Ω z
 tan(30 )
xd '
R1   2 F
tan(arg( z )) sin(arg( z )) z  jxd '  jxT  z S
U G 2 CT
F 
SG PT
Offset (R1-R2) 20.71Ω z
 tan(30 )
' R1  R 2 '  2  2
F
sin(arg( z ))
Slope 87.54° slope  arg( z )
Imp. Circle Diame- 78.33Ω imp. circle diam.  3  xd ' 2  xT
ter
Imp. Circle Centre -22.61Ω  imp. circle diam. 
imp. circle cent.     2  xT 
 2 
Slip pulse No 2 The slip pulse number has to be chosen according to
the allowed number the generator is getting out of
step
Time Slot t1 50ms Minimum time for the first slip between crossing of the
impedance vector the right-hand and the left-hand
boundary lines
Slip Cycle T1 3s Maximum time for the first slip-cycle
Time Slot t2 40ms usually the following slips need less time in relation to
Slip Cycle T2 2s the first one
Lock up time-T3 5s Maximum time for the total sequence starting with the
first slip
Negative phase seq 10% The maximum permissible negative phase sequence is
selected to be as per generator manufacturing data
Current interlock 1.2A Current Interlock=1.2 x IN =1.2x1
trip The relay trips, when the impedance vector leaves the
impedance circle.
Current Direction Direction 1 Direction will be checked during commissioning test.
Phase Rotation Right/Left Direction will be checked during commissioning test.

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SETTING CALCULATION
3.15 Inadvertent Energisation, 27/50 (F11,F21)
The inadvertent energizing pick up is specified by the parameter "Operate Value I". The corre-
sponding setting value is normally more sensitive than the value of the conventional overcurrent
protection function (setting depends on the setting of the overcurrent function). So it has to be
ensured that the function only works during nominal conditions.
For this case the inadvertent energizing is blocked by exceeding a setting value called "Operate
Value U" to be delayed that it isn´t active immediately during an inadvertent energizing,

Operate 1.17 130% of the rated current = 1.3 x 0.9 = 1.08
Value I
Operate 70 V 70% of the relay nominal voltage

Value U
Pick Up 0.3 s Default value, actual value will be set on site during commis-
Delay sioning
Drop Off 3 sec Default value, actual value will be set on site during commis-
Delay sioning
3.16 Shaft Overcurrent, 51SC (F11,F21)

For the shaft current protection the shaft voltage and shaft currents were measured with an
auxiliary brush. The shaft voltage was approximately _V
The following table shows the measuring values for the shaft current (generator unit x):
Shaft P Q U RMS 3H 5H 7H 9H Trip (fi-

Current nal set-
tings)
mA MW Mvar kV
Final Selection for the Shaft Current Protection: Use of 5th RMS Harmonic!
Shaft Voltage approx. __V (during Heat Run)

Earthing of the Shaft: DRS current value 0,2 - 2,52A for real shaft currents of 2,0 - 25,2 A
UAKB range: 1-20mA
The table shows also the internal results (of the DRS shaft current module) for the calculated
RMS value and higher harmonics of the shaft current (please note: the rated module read input
current which results to an internal voltage value of 5V).

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SETTING CALCULATION
In case of a shaft current a dominant increase of the 3th, 5th, 7th&9th harmonic occurs. There-
fore the final selection of the shaft current protection is set to use the accordingly.
The medium sensitivity setting for the shaft current input module is used (1-20mA). The shaft
current protection function itself is set in the way, that the measured internal shaft current is
approximately a tenth (1/10) of the actual real shaft current (protection function conversion fac-
tor of 5A/V covers this condition)!
During different hot commissioning tests as well as during the heat run the shaft current signal
remained stable. Also other practical experience during different load conditions confirmed the
stability. Even load rejection tests did not cause a disturbance signal. Using the 5th Harmonic of
the shaft current signal is a reliable condition.
Therefore the setting was chosen to provide a lower operate value as an alarm stage and a high-
er setting for a tripping stage. These final setting values are:
Stage 1: A, alarm stage, time delay 10s (corresponds to a real shaft current of approx. _
Stage 2: A, trip stage, time delay 10s (corresponds to a real shaft current of approx. _)
3.17 Voltage Balance, 60P (F11,F21)

Operate Val- 0.2 A A high negative phase sequence current indicates e.g. a failure in
ue I the network and the protection function is blocked.
Operate Val- 20.5 V The setting for the negative phase sequence voltage for unbal-
ue U anced secondary phase to phase voltages is selected to the given
value U.
Time Delay 5s
Phase Rota- Right Depend on the Phase Rotation. Will be verified during commis-
tion sioning.
3.18 Stator Interturn Fault,51GI (F12,F22)
The generator nominal current is =5414.28 A ,
The CT-nominal current is 6000A.
To calculate CT secondary current we are able to calculate
Ig 5414.28 A
= × 1 A = 0.90A
CTratio 6000A
Setting is selected 15% of generator CT secondary current =0.9*17%=0.15A

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SETTING CALCULATION
3.19 Cable Differential Protection 87C (F15, F25)

Differential Protection
ICP=SGT/220kVx√3=132MVA/220kVx√3=346.2A
The CT - ratio is 400/1A.
Icp 346.42
I CS   1A  0.86 A
CTratio 400 A
With 0.2A differential current setting the setting as a percentage of the rated secondary current can be cal-
culated
Is 0.2
%I CS   100  23%
I CS 0.86 A
By choosing a differential current setting of 0.2A secondary the primary setting is calculated as follows.
%ICP  CTratio  I S  400  0.2  80 A
I Highset  Ics  5  4.3 A
CT Ratio Compensation
CT compensation 2-1=CTratio1/CTratio2=400/400=1
Thus the selected and calculated setting values are
Differential current A = 0.2A differential current B = 0.2A

Saturation time = 10 Per. high set saturation = 3.9A
Bias characteristic A1 = 30% bias characteristic B1 = 30%
cross overcurrent B = 4.3A cross overcurrent B = 4.3A
CT ratio compensation 2-1 = 1

HIB
Date 30.03.2018
SETTING CALCULATION
4 Generator Transformer Protection (F13,F23)

4.1 Generator Transformer Differential Protection, 87MT

Operate value 0.2A The rated current on the 220kV side is
SMT 132MVA
IHV−pri = = = 346.42 A
VHV × √3 220kV × √3
With a CT-ratio of 400A/1A we receive
346.42
IHVs = = 0.86A
400
Therefore when setting the differential operating current to

20% of the relay current rating, i.e.
Is = 1 x 0.2 = 0.2 A
which is in turn the equivalent to
IS 0.2
∆Is % = × 100 = = 23.25%
IHVs 0.86
20% of the main transformer rated current

Bias 45% According to our experience we set the default value of 45%.
This parameter is necessary to cover tap-changing facility and
CT mismatch.
Vector group 11 Vector group of the transformer according to single line dia-
gram.
Zero sequence ON Because of the permanent earthing of the transformer neu-
filter, system 1 tral on its HV-side it is possible that zero sequence currents
have to be considered for the calculation of the differential
current.
Zero sequence OFF The LV-side of the transformer is isolated, so the zero se-
filter, system 2 quence system does not have any influence on the calcula-
tion of the differential protection.

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Date 30.03.2018
SETTING CALCULATION
2nd harmonic 20% Default value, will be adapted during the commissioning ac-
tivities.
5th harmonic 15% Default value, will be adapted during the commissioning ac-
tivities.
High Set Over 8.0A High set over current during three-phase faults.
current
CT-ratio 0.94 The compensation factor considers the ratio of the trans-
compensation former and the ratios of the different CTs located on the HV-
and LV-side of the transformer. It is calculated according to
the following formula:
CTsystem2
CT ratioComp =
system 1
CTsystem1 × tr. ratio system 2
6000⁄
= 1
400⁄ × 220000
1 13800
= 0.94
4.2 Generator Transformer Overcurrent and Earth fault Protection, 50/51T (F13,F23)
Operate 1.5A The rated current on the 220kV side is
value
stage 1 SMT 132MVA
IHV−pri = = = 339.62 A
VHV × √3 220kV × √3
339.62
IHVs = = 0.84A
400
Setting the operating current to 130% of the relay cur-
rent rating, i.e.
Is = 0.84 x 1.3 = 1.5 A
Character- Normal Normal / very / extremely / long time inverse

istic Inverse Will have to be coordinated with the settings of the line
stage 1 over current functions.
TMS Time Multi- Will have to be coordinated with the settings of the line
plier over current functions.
Operate 4.04A Will have to be coordinated with the settings of the line
HIB
Date 30.03.2018
SETTING CALCULATION
value over current functions. By experience kept at 480% i.e.

stage 2 Is = 0.84 x .48 = 4.04 A
Time delay 0.5 s Will have to be coordinated with the settings of the line
stage 2 over current functions.
4.3 Generator Neutral Overcurrent and Earth fault Protection, 51MTN (F13,F23)
Operate 1.5 A The rated current
value
SG 129.41MVA
IHV−pri = = = 339.62 A
VHV × √3 220kV × √3
339.62
IHVs = = 0.84A
400
Setting the operating current to 180% of the relay cur-
rent rating, i.e.as per client comments
Is = 0.84 x 1.7 = 1.5 A
Time delay 3.5 s as per client comments

stage 1
Operate 6.9A as per client comments
Value
stage 2
Time delay 0.1 s as per client comments
stage 2
4.4 Voltage Balance, 60P (F13,F23)

Operate 0.2 A A high negative phase sequence current indicates e.g. a
Value I failure in the network and the protection function is
blocked.
Operate 20.5 V The setting for the negative phase sequence voltage for
Value U unbalanced secondary phase to phase voltages is select-
ed to the given value U.
Time De- 5s
lay
Phase Ro- Right Depend on the Phase Rotation. Will be verified during
tation commissioning.

HIB
Date 30.03.2018
SETTING CALCULATION
4.5 Generator Transformer Over fluxing, 24MT (F13,F23)

Operate 1.15 P.U V  fN
S
value VN  f
stage 1 whereby V and VN are the actual voltage and rated
voltage and
f and fN the actual frequency and rated frequency
respectively
Time Delay 10 s The operating value and time is maximum continuous
stage 1 over fluxing with stand of transformer which must be
Operate 1.3P.U specified by manufacture of transformer.
value
stage 2
Time delay 1s
stage 2
Nominal 50.0
frequency
Nominal 110
Voltage
4.6 Restricted Earth Fault Protection, 87N (F13,F23)

The grid transformer restricted earth fault protection 64REF is protecting the system from
the transformer 220kV CTs up to the grid transformer neutral to cater for faults near the
neutral point (grid transformer). High impedance scheme and high speed tripping is pro-
vided. When operating the function trips the generator unit.
Relay setting chosen is 25% of the rated
IT 339.62
ISetting = = × 25% = 0.21A
CT 400

Operate 0.21A Refer above calculation
Value
Drop off 0.2s Has to be coordinated on site during commissioning, this
Delay is default value.

HIB
Date 30.03.2018
SETTING CALCULATION
5 Excitation Transformer Protection (F14,F24)

5.1 Overcurrent Protection - Excitation Transformer, 50/51ET
Operate value 0.42 A The primary nominal current of the Excitation Transformer is
stage 1
SExc 840kVA
IExc−pri = = = 35.14 A
Vp × √3 13.8kV × √3
Considering the CT-ratio, 100/1 we receive on the secondary

side
IExc−pri 35.14 A
IExc−sec = = × 1 A = 0.35 A
CTratio 100A
120% value chosen by experience i.e.

Is = 0.35 x 1.2 = 0.42 A
Will have to be coordinated with the settings of the other

over current functions.
Operating Normal Normal/Very/Extreme/Long inverse.
Characteristic Inverse
TMS - Has to be coordinated with the settings of the other over
current relays in the system.
Operate value 1.68A 400% value chosen by experience i.e.
stage 2 Is = 0.42 x 4 = 1.68 A
Time delay 0s Has to be coordinated with the settings of the other over
stage 2 current relays in the system.
Type Over de- The function has to detect over current conditions.
tection

HIB
Date 30.03.2018
SETTING CALCULATION
6 UAT Transformer Protection (F14,F24)

6.1 Overcurrent Protection – Unit Auxiliary Transformer, 50/51UT
Operate 0.99 A The primary nominal current of the Service Station
value transformer is
stage 1 SUT 2000 KVA
IUT = = = 83.68 A
√3 × VUT √3 × 13.8 KV
Considering the CT-ratio we receive on the second-

ary side.
IUTpri 83.68 A
IUTsec = = × 1 A = 0.83 A
CTratio 100A
120% value chosen by experience i.e.
Is = 0.83x 1.2 = 0.99A
Will have to be coordinated with the settings of the

other over current functions.
Operating Normal In- Normal/Very/Extreme/Long inverse
character- verse
istic
TMS - Will be set during commissioning.
Operate 3.32A 400% value chosen by experience i.e.
value Is = 0.83 x 4 = 3.32 A
stage 2
Time delay 0s Has to coordinate on site.

stage 2
Type Over detec- Over detection/ under detection
tion

HIB
Date 30.03.2018
SETTING CALCULATION
7 Line Protection:
Purpose
This document presents a review of the generally accepted setting calculation based on 115kV Line
protection scheme. Its purpose is to present the concepts of line protection and to describe the typical
means of implementing such concepts. The document lists the particular protective functions as how
they overlap and complement each other for back-up and outlines the philosophy about the selection of
the protection setting values.
Note:
The calculated relay settings are based on maximum and minimum short circuit levels and different da-
ta sheets available during the workout (e.g. generator data sheet, generator transformer data sheet, cir-
cuit breaker data sheet, line data sheet & single line diagram). In case of any equipment modification or
change of various electrical characteristics this document has to be revised. Therefore all the settings
have to be checked and revised during the commissioning on site.
Generally the calculation of the settings is done according to our best knowledge and conscience.
Also the documentation with detailed descriptions of the various protection systems are provided in
separate relay documents.
7.1 Line Protection Main - F11

7.1.1 Differential Protection 87L
The calculation of the line differential protection shall be based on a short circuit scenario.
Assuming that the two generator is in operation and the energy is transmitted via the overhead line, a
line current is received for rated conditions of
SG 129410kVA
I  2X  10828.5A
115kV  3 13.8kV  3
St 129410kVA
Ihvp    5414.28A Generator Rated Current 13.8kV side
Vhvp  3 13.8kV  3
Vhvp 220kV
K   15.94 Transformer Ratio
Vlvp 13.8kV
Ihvp 5414.28
Ihvp    339.66A Generator Primary Current w.r.t. transformer HV
Transformer _ Ratio 15.94
Ihvp 339.04
Ihvs   1A  0.85 A Generator Secondaryy Current w.r.t. transformer
CTratio 400 A
HV
but less than the fault current on the 220KV busbar system
It is assumed that the minimum fault level is given in case only one generator is feeding the fault cur-
rent.

HIB
Date 30.03.2018
SETTING CALCULATION
The positive sequence reactances calculated on a 115kV-base of generator and transformers are:
xd " V 2 0.215   220kV 

2
generator XG    80.41
SG 129.41MVA
uk " V 2 0.12   220kV 
2
XT    44.0
transformer
STr 132MVA
The circuit diagram for a 3-phase fault on the transformer HV-side (respectively on the busbar) is:
XG XT
c  Vn
3
The fault current can be calculated as in the following:
c  Vn 1 1.1 220kV 1
Ik "      1123.08 A
3 XG  XT 3 80.41  44
As per above calculation below for the minimum fault current.
I F  1123.08 A .
Ihvp 1123.08
Ihvs   1A  0.75 A
CTratio 1500 A
Operation value: Idiff min  I hvs x30%  0.22 A

HIB
Date 30.03.2018
SETTING CALCULATION
That is in turn
OperateValue  CTratio 0.22 1500 A 1A

100%  100%  99% of the generator rated cur-
IG 339.69 A
rent.
Differential Highset Current: Parameter IdminHigh

Energizing a line can cause transient charging currents to appear. These currents are pure differential
currents. Desensitizing the differential protection in this situation by using parameter Idminhigh instead
of Idmin is a saftey pre-caution.
A setting of 1x Ibase should be suitable.
Parameter tIdminHigh:
This setting defines the time that IdminHigh will be active after the previously dead protected circuit has
been connected to the power source. A setting of 1s is sufficient.
Parameter IdUnre:
Values of differential currents above the unrestrained limit generate a trip disregarding all other criteria,
that is, irrespective of the internal or external fault discriminator and any presence of harmonics. It is in-
tended for for fast tripping of internal faults with high fault currents. The recommended setting os 120%
of the highest through fault current.
1 S N ,UT 1 132000kVA
Ik , p      2886.83 A
uk ,UT UN  3 0.12 220kV  3
Ik , p 2886.83 A
I k ,s    1.92 A
CTratio 1500 A /1A
I dUnre  1.2  I k ,s  1.2 1.92 A  2.31A
Parameter NegSeqDiffEn:
The negative sequence fault discriminator can be set On/Off. It is an important complement to the per-
centage restrained differential function. As it is directional, it can distinguish between external and inter-
nal faults, also in difficult conditions. It is recommended that it is always activated.
Parameter NegSeqROA:
This is the setting of the relay operate angle of the negative sequence current based internal/external
fault discriminator considering the negative sequnce current on both line ends. Ideally the angle is zero
degrees for internal faults and 180 degrees for external faults. However measuring errors can occur.
The default value 60 degrees is recommended in most cases.
Parameter IminNegSeq:
The local and the sum of all remote negative sequence currents are compared separately if they are
above the set threshold value IminNegSeq. If either is below the threshold, no comparison is made. The
default value 0.04 Ibase can be used.
Parameter AddDelay:
The possibility of delayed operation for small differential currents can be set On/Off. It is set to Off.

HIB
Date 30.03.2018
SETTING CALCULATION
Setting Range
Parameter Recommended Unit
Min Max
Differential Protection (L3CPDIF)
GlobeBaseSel 1 1
NoOfUsedCTs 2/3 2
Operation On/Off On
IdMin 0.20 2.00 0.30 IB
IdMinHigh 0.20 10.00 1.0 IB
tIdMinHigh 0.000 60.000 1.0 S
IdUnre 1.00 50.00 3.00 IB
NegSeqDiffEn On/Off Off

NegSeqROA 30.0 120.0 - Deg
IminNegSeq 0.01 0.20 - IB
CrossBlockEn No/Yes No
ChargeCurEnable Off/On On
AddDelay Off/On Off
IMaxAddDelay 0.005 0.20 0.2 (n.a.) IB

tDefTime 0.000 6.000 6.0 (n.a.) S
tMinInv 0.001 6.000 6 (n.a.) S
ANSI Ext. inv. /
/ANSI Very
inv. ANSI
Norm. inv..
inv.,L.T.V.
inv.,L.T.
CurveType inv.,IEC Norm. IEC Def. (n.a.)
inv./IEC Very
inv. IEC inv./
IEC Ext. inv /
IEC inv.IEC
Def.
Time,Reserved
K 0.005 1.10 3.15 (n.a.)
I2/I1 Ratio 25%
I5/I1 Ratio 15%

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Date 30.03.2018
SETTING CALCULATION
FL Fault Locator
DrepchN0IL1 1 ch
DrepchN0IL2 2 ch
DrepchN0IL3 3 ch
DrepchN0IN 4 ch
DrepchN0IP 0 ch
DrepchNoUL1 5 ch
DrepchNoUL2 6 ch
DrepchN0UL3 7 ch
UL1Gain 1
UL2Gain 1
UL3Gain 1
R1A 10.3 Ohm/p
X1A 45.5 Ohm/p
R1B 6.56 Ohm/p
X1B 28.3 Ohm/p
R1L 7.11 Ohm/p
X1L 33.9 Ohm/p
R0L 30.1 Ohm/p
X0L 97.6 Ohm/p
R0M 0 Ohm/p
X0M 0 Ohm/p
Line Length 82.0 Km
50BF Breaker Failure
GlobalBaseSel 1
Operation On
functionMode Current
BuTripMode 1 out of 3
No CBPos
RetripMode
Check
IP> 20%IB
I>BlkCont 20%IB
IN> 20%IB
T1 0.10s
T2 0.20s
T2Mph 0.20s
tpulse 0.20s
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Date 30.03.2018
SETTING CALCULATION
Note: the base current IB is chosen to be the rated primary CT current: 1500A
7.1.2 Residual Earth Fault, 67N
Setting Range
Min Max
Residual Over Current 67N EF4PTOC
General
GlobalBaseSel 1
Zero seq Zero seq
SeqTypeUPol
Neg seq
Zero seq Zero seq
SeqTypeIpol
Neg seq
Zero seq Zero seq
SeqTypeDir
Neg seq
Setting Group 1
Operation Off/On On -
Enable
EnDir Enable
Disable
AngleRCA -180 180 +65 deg
Voltage/ Current/ Du-
polMethod Voltage -
al
UPolMin 1 100 1 %UB
IPolMin 2 100 5 %IB
RNPol 0.5 1000 10.3 ohm
XNPol 0.5 3000 45.5 ohm
IN>Dir 1 100 10 %IB
2ndHarmStab 5 100 20 %
BlkParTransf Off / On Off -
UseStartValue IN1>/IN2>, IN3>, IN4 IN4> -
Off/ SOTF/
UnderTime/
SOTF SOTF - Off -
+UnderTim
e

HIB
Date 30.03.2018
SETTING CALCULATION
Step-1 67N
Off / Non-
directional
DirMode1
Forward Re-
verse - Forward -
ANSI Ext.
inv. / /ANSI
Very inv.
ANSI Norm.
inv.,IEC
Characterist1 - IEC Def. Time -
Norm.
inv./IEC
Very inv. IEC
inv./ IEC Ext.
inv / IEC S.T.
2
5
IN1> 1 1 35.0 %IB
0
0
6 0.00
t1 0 3 s
0 1
9
k1 0.05 9 0.01 0.05 -
9
1
0
IMin1 1 1 10.0 %IB
0
0
1
IN1Mult 1 0.1 1.0 -
0
6 0.00
t1Min 10 0.00 s
0 1
HarmRestrain1 Off/ On - On -
Off / Non-
directional
DirMode2
Forward Re-
verse - Forward

HIB
Date 30.03.2018
SETTING CALCULATION
ANSI Ext.
inv. / /ANSI
Very inv.
ANSI Norm.
inv.,IEC
Norm.
inv./IEC
Very inv. IEC
inv./ IEC Ext.
inv / IEC S.T.
IN1> 1 250 230.0 %IB
t1 0 60 0.6 s
100
IMin2 1 50% %IB
0
IN1Mult 1 10 1.0 -
HarmRestrain2 Off/ On - On -
FR Fault Locator
Operation On
PrefaultRecT 6 s
PostfaultRecT 2 s
Timelimit 4 s
PostRetrig Off
MaxNOStoreRec 100
ZeroAngleRef 1 ch
OpModeTest off
7.1.3 Scheme Communication, 67N
Setting Range
Min Max
Scheme Communication ECPSCH
Operation On/Off On
Intertrip/Per UR/Per
Scheme Per UR
OR/Blocking
tCoord 0 60.00 0.00 s
tSendMin 0 60.00 0.10 s

Unblock On/Off Off s
HIB
Date 30.03.2018
SETTING CALCULATION
tSecurity 0 60.00 0.04 s
7.1.4 Directional Overcurrent, 67
Setting Range
Min Max
Overcurrent Protection OC4PTOC
General
GlobalBaseSel 1
DFT
DFT
MeasType (Discrete Fourier Fil-
RMS
ter)
Setting Group 1
Operation Off/On On -
AngleRCA 40 65 +55 deg
AngleROA 40 89 +80 deg
StartPhSel 1 out of 3 -
Step-1 67
Off / Non-
directional
DirMode1
Forward Re-
verse - Forward -
ANSI Ext.
inv. / /ANSI
Very inv.
ANSI Norm.
inv.,IEC
Norm.
inv./IEC
Very inv. IEC
inv./ IEC Ext.
inv / IEC S.T.
2
5
IN1> 1 1 90 %IB
0
0
t1 0 6 0.00 3 s
HIB
Date 30.03.2018
SETTING CALCULATION
0 1
9
k1 0.05 9 0.01 0.05 -
9
1
0
IMin1 1 1 50 %IB
0
0
1
IN1Mult 1 0.1 1.0 -
0
6 0.00
t1Min 10 0.00 s
0 1
Reset typr curve1 Instantaneous
DirMode Forward
Charateristics2 IEC Def. Time
I2> 250%IB
T2 0.6 s
Imin2 50%IB
I2Mult 1

HIB
Date 30.03.2018
SETTING CALCULATION
7.2 Line Protection Backup - F21
Zone Reach Setting Detail:
Zone 1: Forward, 80% of the protected Line

Zone 2: Forward, 120% of protected Line
Zone 3: Forward, 100% of Protected Line & 80% of Adjoining longest Line
Zone 4: Reverse, 20% of Shortest Line
Setting Range
Parameter Recommended Unit Description
Min Max Step
Fault Locator Settings:

Fault locator
LMBRFLO
LMBRFLO
Group settings
DrepchN0IL1 1 ch
DrepchN0IL2 2 ch
DrepchN0IL3 3 ch
DrepchN0IN 4 ch
DrepchN0IP 0 ch
DrepchNoUL1 5 ch
DrepchNoUL2 6 ch
DrepchN0UL3 7 ch
UL1Gain 1
UL2Gain 1
UL3Gain 1
Source resistance A
R1A 0.001 1500.000 0.001 10.3 ohm/p
(near end)
Source reactance A
X1A 0.001 1500.000 0.001 45.5 ohm/p
(near end)
Source resistance B
R1B 0.001 1500.000 0.001 6.56 ohm/p
(far end)
Source reactance B
X1B 0.001 1500.000 0.001 28.3 ohm/p
(far end)
Positive sequence
R1L 0.001 1500.000 0.001 7.114 ohm/p
line resistance
Positive sequence
X1L 0.001 1500.000 0.001 33.877 ohm/p
line reactance
Zero sequence line
R0L 0.001 1500.000 0.001 30.075 ohm/p
resistance
Zero sequence line
X0L 0.001 1500.000 0.001 97.625 ohm/p
reactance
Zero sequence
R0M 0.000 1500.000 0.001 0.000 ohm/p mutual resistance for
double circuit lines

HIB
Date 30.03.2018
SETTING CALCULATION
Zero sequence
mutual reactance
X0M 0.000 1500.000 0.001 0.000 ohm/p
for double circuit
lines
Line length 0.0 10000.0 0.1 84.7 Km Length of line
Distance Zone's settings:

Distance protec-
tion zone, quad-
ZMQPDIS: 1
rilateral charac-
teristic (zone 1)
Group settings
Operation On/Off On Operation Off / On

Base current , i.e
IBase 1 99999 1 1000 A rated current

Base voltage ,
Ubase 0.05 2000.00 0.05 220.00 kV i.e.rated voltage
Operation mode of
OperationDir Off / Non-directional / Forward / Reverse Forward directionality
Positive sequence
X1PP 0.10 3000.00 0.01 27.10 ohm/p
reactance reach
Positive seq. re-
R1PP 0.01 1000.00 0.01 5.69 ohm/p sistance for zone
characteristic angle
Positive sequence
X1PE 0.10 3000.00 0.01 27.10 ohm/p
reactance reach,Ph-E
Positive seq. re-
sistance for zone
R1PE 0.01 1000.00 0.01 5.69 ohm/p
characteristic an-
gle,Ph-E
Zero sequence reac-
Xo 0.10 9000.00 0.01 78.10 ohm/p
tance reach
Zero sequence re-
Ro 0.01 3000.00 0.01 24.06 ohm/p sistance for zone
Fault resistance reach
RFPP 0.10 3000.00 0.01 39.2 ohm/l
in ohm/loop , Ph-Ph
RFPE 0.10 9000.00 0.01 56.7 ohm/l
in ohm/loop , Ph-E
Operation mode
Operation PP On/Off On Off/On of Ph-Ph loops
Operation mode
Timer t1PP On/Off On Off/On of Zone timer,
Ph-Ph
Time delay of trip,Ph-
tPP 0.000 60.000 0.001 0.000 s Ph
Operation mode
Operation PE On/Off On Off/On of Ph-E loops
Operation mode
Timer t1PE On/Off On Off/On of Zone timer,
Ph-E
t1PE 0.000 60.000 0.001 0.000 s Time delay of trip,Ph-E

Minimum operate
IMinOpPP 10 1000 1 10 %IB delta current for
Phase-Phase loops
Minimum operate
IMinOpPE 10 1000 1 10 %IB delta current for

HIB
Date 30.03.2018
SETTING CALCULATION
Phase-Earth loops
Minimum operate
IMinOpIN 5 1000 1 5 %IB residual current for
Phase-Earth loops
Distance protec-
tion zone, quadri-
ZMQAPDIS: 2
lateral character-
istic (zone 2)
Group settings
characteristic (zone 2-
Operation On/Off On 5)
Base current , i.e rated
IBase 1 99999 1 1000 A current
Base voltage , i.e.rated
Ubase 0.05 2000.00 0.05 220.00 kV voltage
Operation mode of
Positive sequence
X1 0.10 3000.00 0.01 40.65 ohm/p
reactance reach
Positive sequence
R1 0.01 1000.00 0.01 8.54 ohm/p
resistance reach
Zero sequence reac-
X0 0.10 9000.00 0.01 117.15 ohm/p
tance reach
Zero sequence re-
R0 0.01 3000.00 0.01 36.09 ohm/p sistance for zone
RFPP 0.10 3000.00 0.01 56.9 ohm/l
in ohm/loop , Ph-Ph
RFPE 0.10 9000.00 0.01 77.0 ohm/l
in ohm/loop , Ph-E
Operation mode
Operation mode
Timer tPP On/Off On Off/On of Zone timer,
Ph-Ph
tPP 0.000 60.000 0.001 0.3 s Ph
Operation mode
Operation mode
Timer tPE On/Off On Off/On of Zone timer,
Ph-E
tPE 0.000 60.000 0.001 0.3 s Time delay of trip,Ph-E

Minimum operate
Phase-Phase loops
Minimum operate
Phase-Earth loops
Distance protec-
tion zone, quadri-
ZMQAPDIS: 3
lateral character-
istic (zone 3)
Group settings


HIB
Date 30.03.2018
SETTING CALCULATION

Ubase 0.05 2000.00 0.05 220.00 kV voltage
Operation mode of
Positive sequence
X1 0.50 3000.00 0.01 74.5 ohm/p
reactance reach
Positive sequence
R1 0.10 1000.00 0.01 15.6 ohm/p
resistance reach
Zero sequence reac-
X0 0.50 9000.00 0.01 214.8 ohm/p
tance reach
Zero sequence re-
R0 0.50 3000.00 0.01 66.2 ohm/p sistance for zone
RFPP 1.00 3000.00 0.01 101.0 ohm/l
in ohm/loop , Ph-Ph
RFPE 1.00 9000.00 0.01 127.8 ohm/l
in ohm/loop , Ph-E
Operation mode

Operation mode
Ph-Ph
tPP 0.000 60.000 0.001 0.700 s Ph
Operation mode
Operation mode
Ph-E

Minimum operate
Phase-Phase loops
Minimum operate
Phase-Earth loops
Distance protec-
tion zone, quadri-
ZMQAPDIS: 4
lateral character-
istic (zone 4)
Group settings
Operation On/Off Off Operation Off / On
Distance protec-
tion zone, quadri-
ZMQAPDIS: 5
lateral character-
istic (zone 5)
Group settings
Operation On/Off Off Operation Off / On
Directional element (21D) Settings:

Directional im-
ZDRDIR pedance quadri-
lateral
Group settings
Angle to blinder in
ArgNegRes 90 175 1 115 Deg second quadrant for
HIB
Date 30.03.2018
SETTING CALCULATION
forward direction
Angle to blinder in
fourth quadrant for
ArgDir 5 45 1 15 Deg forward direction
Minimum operate
IMinOp 5 30 1 10 %IB current in % Ibase
IBase 1 99999 1 1000 A Base current
Ubase 0.05 2000.0 0.05 220.00 kV Base voltage
Phase Select Logic (21) Settings:

Phase selection
with load en-
FDPSPDIS croachment,
quadrilateral
characteristic
Group settings
UBase 0.05 2000.00 0.05 220.00 kV voltage
3Io limit for blocking
INBlockPP 10 100 1 40 %Ph phase-to-phase meas-
uring loops
INReleasePE 10 100 1 20 %Ph phase-to-earth meas-
uring loops
Forward resistive
RLdFw 1.00 3000.00 0.01 178.56 ohm/p reach within the load
impedance area
Reverse resistive reach
RLdRv 1.00 3000.00 0.01 178.56 ohm/p within the load im-
pedance area
Load angle determin-
ArgLd 5 70 1 39 Deg ing the load imped-
ance reach
Positive sequence
X1 0.50 3000.00 0.01 126.65 ohm/p
reactance reach
Zero sequence reac-
X0 0.50 9000.00 0.01 228.92 ohm/p
tance reach
RFFwPP 0.50 3000.00 0.01 383.47 ohm/l
Ph-Ph, forward
RFRvPP 0.50 3000.00 0.01 383.47 ohm/l
Ph-Ph, reverse
RFFwPE 1.00 9000.00 0.01 167.79 ohm/l
Ph-E, forward
RFRvPE 1.00 9000.00 0.01 167.79 ohm/l
Ph-E, reverse
Operation mode
Ph-Ph
tPP 0.000 60.000 0.001 3.000 s Ph
Operation mode
Ph-E

IMinOpPP 5 30 1 10 %IB phase-to-phase meas-

HIB
Date 30.03.2018
SETTING CALCULATION
uring loops

IMinOpPE 5 30 1 5 %IB phase-to-earth meas-
uring loops
Switch Onto Fault Logic Settings:

Automatic switch
onto fault logic,
ZCVPSOF
voltage and cur-
rent based
Group settings


UBase 0.05 2000.00 0.05 220.00 kV voltage
Mode of operation of
Mode UILvI SOTF function
Automatic swicth onto
AutoInit On/Off Off fault initialization
Current level for
IPh< 1 100 1 10 %IB detection of dead line
in % IB
Voltage level for
Uph< 1 100 1 50 %UB detection of dead line
in % UB
Time delay for UI
tDuration 0.000 60.000 0.001 0.02 s detection
Drop off delay time of
tSOTF 0.000 60.000 0.001 0.2 s swicth onto fault
function
Delay time for activa-
tDLD 0.000 60.000 0.001 0.200 s tion of dead line
detection
Power Swing Detection (68) Settings:

Power swing
ZMRPSB
detection
Group settings
Operation Mode
Operation On/Off On On/Off
Inner reactive bounda-
X1InFw 0.10 3000.00 0.01 89.5 ohm ry , forward
Line resistance for
R1LIn 0.10 1000.00 0.01 18.8 ohm inner characteristic
angle
Fault resistance cover-
R1FInFw 0.10 1000.00 0.01 73.0 ohm age to inner resistive
line , forward
Inner reactive bounda-
X1InRv 0.10 3000.00 0.01 89.5 ohm ry , reverse
Fault resistance line to
R1FInRv 0.10 1000.00 0.01 73.0 ohm inner resistive bound-
ary , reverse
Operation of load
OperationLdCh On/Off On discrimination charac-
teristic
Outer resistive load
RLdOutFw 0.10 3000.00 0.01 93.0 ohm boundary , forward

HIB
Date 30.03.2018
SETTING CALCULATION
Load angle determin-

ArgLd 5 70 1 45 Deg ing load impedance
area
Outer resistive load
RLdOutRv 0.10 3000.00 0.01 93.0 ohm boundary , reverse
Multiplication factor
kLdRFw 0.50 0.90 0.01 0.8 Mult for inner resistive load
boundary , forward
Multiplication factor
kLdRRv 0.50 0.90 0.01 0.8 Mult for inner resistive load
boundary , reverse
Timer for detection of
t P1 0.000 60.000 0.001 0.021 s initial power swing
Timer for detection of
t P2 0.000 60.000 0.001 0.015 s subsequent power
swings
Waiting timer for
tW 0.000 60.000 0.001 0.250 s activation of tP2 timer
Timer for holding

tH 0.000 60.000 0.001 0.500 s power swing START
output
Timer for overcoming
tEF 0.000 60.000 0.001 3.000 s single - pole reclosing
dead time.
Timer giving delay to
tR1 0.000 60.000 0.001 0.300 s inhibit by residual
current
Timer giving delay to
tR2 0.000 60.000 0.001 2.000 s inhibit at very slow
swing
Minimum operate
IMinOpPE 5 30 1 10 %IB current in % of Ibase.
Base setting for cur-
IBase 1 99999 1 1000 A rent level settings.
Scheme Communication Settings:

Zscheme Com-
ZCOM munication
(PSCH,85)
Inter trip, permissive UR, Permissive OR, Permissive

Scheme type Scheme type
Blocking OR
Co-ordination time for
tCoord 0 60 0.001 0.000 s blocking communica-
tion scheme
Minimum duration of
tsendmin 0 60 0.001 0.100 s a carrier send signal
Operation mode of
Unblock Off, No restart, Restart Off unblocking logic
Security timer for loss
tsecurity 0 60 0.001 0.035 s of carrier guard detec-
tion
CurrRev On
tPickupRev 0.020 s
tDelayRev 0.060 s
WEI Echo&Trip
tPickupWEI 0.010 s

HIB
Date 30.03.2018
SETTING CALCULATION
U<Base 220 kV
UPP< 70%UB
UPN< 70%UB
Fuse Fail Detection (60) Settings:

Fuse Failure
SDDRFUF
(RFUF)
UBase 0.05 2000.00 0.05 220.00 kV voltage
Off / UNsINs / UZsIZs / UNsINs OR UZ- Operation Mode
OpMode UZsIZs selection

sIZs / UNsINs & UZsIZs / OptimZsNs
Operation level of
3Uo> 1 100 1 40 %UB residual Over Voltage
element in % UB
Operation level of
3Io< 1 100 1 3 %IB residual Under current
element in % IB
Operation level of -Ve
3U2> 1 100 1 40 %UB Seq. Over Voltage
element in % UB
Operation level of -Ve
3I2< 1 100 1 3 %IB Seq. Under current
element in % IB
Operation of change
OpDUDI On/Off Off based function Off/On
Operate level of
DU> 1 100 1 60 %UB change in phase
voltage in % of UBase
Operate level of
DI< 1 100 1 5 %IB change in phase
current in % of IBase
Operate level of phase
Uph> 1 100 1 70 %UB voltage in % of UBase
Operate level of phase
Iph> 1 100 1 3 %IB current in % of IBase
Seal in functionality
SealIn On/Off Off Off/On
Operate level of sealin
USealIn 1 100 1 70 %UB phase voltage in % of
UBase
Operate level for open
IDLD< 1 100 1 2 %IB phase current detec-
tion in % of IBase
Operate level for open
UDLD< 1 100 1 60 %UB phase voltage detec-
tion in % of UBase
Auto recluse (79) Settings:

Auto Recloser
AR
Function
0=Off, 1=ExternalCtrl ,
Operation Off, External ctrl , On On 2=On
Max number of reclos-
NoOfShots 1 5 1 1 ing shots 1-5
Restriction of fault
FirstShot 3 ph, 1/2/3 ph, 1/2 ph, 1ph+1*2ph, 1/2/3 Ph type for short 1
HIB
Date 30.03.2018
SETTING CALCULATION
1/2ph+1*3ph, 1ph+1*2/3ph
To be set ON if AR is to
StartByCBOpen On/Off Off be started by CB open
position
Select the CB aux
CBAuxContType NormClosed , NormOpen NormOpen contact type NC/NO
for CBPOS input
Select type of circuit
CB ReadyType CO, OCO CO breaker ready signal
Open time for shot 1
t1 1ph 0.000 60.000 0.001 1.3 s ,single-phase
Open time for shot 1
t1 3ph 0.000 60.000 0.001 1.1 s ,delayed reclosing 3ph
Open time for shot 1,
t1 3PhHS 0.000 60.000 0.001 0.60 s high speed reclosing
3ph
Duration of reclaim
tReclaim 0.00 6000.00 0.01 180 s
time
Maximum wait time
tSync 0.00 6000.00 0.01 30 s for synchrocheck OK
Extended dead time
Extended t1 On/Off Off for loss of permissive
channel
Open time extebded
tExtended t1 0.000 60.000 0.001 0.400 s by this value if extend-
ed t1 is true
Inhibit reclosing reset
tInhibit 0.000 60.000 0.001 0.400 s time
Maximum trip pulse
tTrip 0.200 60.000 0.001 0.200 s duration
Shorten closing pulse
CutPulse On/Off Off at a new trip off/On
Duration of the circuit
tPulse 0.200 60.000 0.001 0.200 s breaker closing pulse
Advance to next shot if
Follow CB Off CB has been closed
during dead time
Min time that CB must
tCBClosedMin 0.00 6000.00 0.01 5 s be closed before new
sequence allows
AutoCont Off
tAutoContWait 0.200 60.000 0.001 0.200 s
UnsucCiByCBChk No CB check, CB check No CB check

Block AR at unsuccess-
BlockByUnsucCI Off ful reclosing
Wait time for CB
tUnsucCI 0.00 6000.00 0.01 2 s before indiacting
Unsucessful/Successful
Priority selection
between adjacement
Priority None, Low, High None terminals
None/Low/High
Maximum wait time
tWaitForMaster 0.00 6000.00 0.01 60.00 s for release from
Master

HIB
Date 30.03.2018
SETTING CALCULATION
Voltage Phasors
3U0/U2
Comp.
0=Off, 1=ExternalCtrl ,
Operation Off, External ctrl , On On 2=On
Global Base Val 1
UAmpPreComp5 0 %
UAmpPreComp30 0 %
UAmpPreComp100 0 %
3U0DbRepInt 5 Type
3U0ZeroDb 0 m%
3U0Min 5 %UB
3U0Max 5 %UB
3U0Reptyp Int dead-
band
3U0LimHys 5 %
3U0AngDbRepint 10 Type
3U0AngZeroDb 0 m%
3U0AngMin -180 Deg
3U0AngMax 180 Deg
3U0AngRepTyp Cyclic
U2DbrepInt 5
U2DbZero 0
U2DbMin 3
U2DbMax 3
U2Reptyp Int dead-
band
U2DbLimHys 5
U2AngDbRepInt 10
U2DbMin -180
U2DbMax 180
U2DbAngReptyp Cyclic
Logic timer set
Timer 3U0
Operation On
T 90 s

HIB
Date 30.03.2018
SETTING CALCULATION
TimerU2
Operation On
t 90 s
Disturbance Re-
FR
port
Operation On
PrefaultRecT 6 s
PostfaultRecT 2 s
TimeLimit 4 s
PostRetrig Off
MaxNoStoreRec 100
ZeroAngleRef 1 Ch
OpmodeTest off
F25 Synchronizing
GblBaseSelBus 1
GblBaseSelLine 1
SelPhaseBus1 PhaseL2
SelPhaseBus2 PhaseL2
SelPhaseLine1 PhaseL2
SelPhaseLine2 PhaseL2
CBConfig Double Bus
Phaseshift 0 Deg
Operation On
Operationsync On
UHighBusSynch 70 %UBB
UHighLineSynch 70 %UBL
UdiffSynch 0.10 pu
FreqDiffMin 0.01 Hz
FreqDiffMax 0.25 Hz
FreqRatechange 0.3 Hz/s
Tbreaker 0.08 s
Tclosepulse 0.2 s

HIB
Date 30.03.2018
SETTING CALCULATION
tmaxSynch 600 s
tminSynch 2 s
Operationsc On
UhighBusSC 70% UBB
UhighLineSC 70% UBB
UdiffSC 0.1 pu
FreqDiffA 0.2 Hz
FreqDiffM 0.2 Hz
PhaseDiffA 30 Deg
PhaseDiffM 30 Deg
tSCA 0.1 S
tSCM 0.1 S
AutoEnerg Both
MmanEnerg Both
ManEnergDBDL Off
UhighBusEnerg 70 %UBB
UhighLineEnerg 70 %UBL
UlowBusEnerg 30 %UBB
UlowlineEnerg 30 %UBL
UmaxEnerg 130 %UB
tAutoEnerg 0.1 S
tManEnerg 0.1 S
F59 Overvoltage
GlobalbaseSel 1
ConnType PhPh DFT
Operation On
OperationStep1 On
Definite
Charateristics
Time
Opmode1 1 out of 3
U1> 121 %UB
T1 2.1 S

HIB
Date 30.03.2018
SETTING CALCULATION
tiMin 60 S
K1 1 %UB
HystAbs1 0.5
F27 Under voltage
GlobalbaseSel 1
ConnType PhPh DFT
Operation On
OperationStep1 On
Definite
Charateristics1
Time
Opmode1 1 out of 3
U1< 80 %UB
T1 9 S
T1min 5 s
K1 1
IntBLKsel1 off
IntBlkstval1 20 %UB
tblkUV1 0 s
HysAbs1 0.5 %UB

Phase Overcur-
F67
rent
Globalbasesel 1
MeasType DFT
Operation On
AngleRCA 55 Deg
AngleROA 80 Deg
StartPhSel 1 out of 3
DirMode1 Forward
Characteristics1 IEC Def time
I1> 90 %IB
T1 3 S
Imin1 50 %IB
I1Mult 1

HIB
Date 30.03.2018
SETTING CALCULATION
DirMode2 Forward
Characteristics2 IEC Def Time
I2> 250 %IB
T2> 0.6 S
Imin2 100 %IB
I2Mult 1
Residual Overcur-
F67N
rent
Globalbasesel 1
SeqtypeUpol Zeroseq
SeqtypeIpol Zeroseq
SeqtypeIDir Zeroseq
Operation On
EnDir Disable
AngleRCA 65 Deg
polMethod Voltage
UpolMin 1 %UB
IpolMin 5 %IB
RNPol 10.3 Ohm
XNPol 45.5 Ohm
IN>Dir 10 %IB
2ndharmStab 20 %
BlkParTransf Off
UseStartValue IN4>
SOTF Off
DirMode1 Forward
Characteristics1 IEC def time
IN>1 35 %IB
T1 3 S
Imin1 10 %IB
IN1Mult 1
Dirmode2 Forward

HIB
Date 30.03.2018
SETTING CALCULATION
Characteristics2 IEC def time
IN>2 230
T2 0.6
Imin2 50
IN2Mult 1
HarmBlock2 on

HIB
Date 30.03.2018
SETTING CALCULATION
7.3 Cable Differential Protection 87C (F12, F22)

ICP=SGT/220kVx√3=132MVA/220kVx√3=346.2A
The CT - ratio is 400/1A.
Icp 346.42
I CS   1A  0.86 A
CTratio 400 A
With 0.2A differential current setting the setting as a percentage of the rated secondary current can be cal-
culated
Is 0.2
%I CS   100  23%
I CS 0.86 A
By choosing a differential current setting of 0.2A secondary the primary setting is calculated as follows.
%ICP  CTratio  I S  400  0.2  80 A
I Highset  Ics  5  4.3 A
CT Ratio Compensation
CT compensation 2-1=CTratio1/CTratio2=400/400=1
Thus the selected and calculated setting values are
Differential current A = 0.2A differential current B = 0.2A

Saturation time = 10 Per. high set saturation = 3.9A
cross overcurrent B = 4.3A cross overcurrent B = 4.3A
CT ratio compensation 2-1 = 1

HIB
Date 30.03.2018

Setting Calculation Relay TKT r3

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Setting Calculation Relay TKT r3

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SETTING CALCULATION

This drawing/document is the INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY of

Vinh Son – Song Hinh Hydropower Joint Stock Company

THUONG KON TUM HYDRO POWER PROJECT ( 2 X 110 MW)

3 Incudes Cable differential protection line side 18.06.2020 DY SP HJ

Client VSH Prep. DY Contract Nº.

1 General Note ........................................................................................................................................ 3

3.9 Generator Overvoltage Protection, 59G (F11,F21) ........................................................................ 13

Client VSH Prep. DY Contract Nº.

GENERATOR OUTPUT Sn 129.41 MVA

RATED VOLTAGE Un 13.8/220 kV

RATED VOLTAGE Un 13800/0.385 V

Client VSH Prep. DY Contract Nº.

Length of protected line L1 84.77km

Client VSH Prep. DY Contract Nº.

3.1 Generator Differential Protection, 87G (F11,F21)

Generator rating = 129.41MVA

Which is in turn the equivalent to

Parameter SettingSetting calculation and comments

Client VSH Prep. DY Contract Nº.

The 3rd harmonics are processed via the following formula:

Client VSH Prep. DY Contract Nº.

3.3 Overload 3 Phase, 49G (F11,F21)

Client VSH Prep. DY Contract Nº.

Parameter Setting Setting calculation and comments

The relay setting is selected to be 110% of the generator

The setting is selected to be 0.99 A

3.4 Voltage Control Overcurrent, 51V (F11,F21)

Parameter Setting Setting calculation and comments

Operate 1.2 120% of the nominal relay current

3.5 Under/Over Frequency Protection, 81G (F11,F21)

Type Over detec- To be used as over frequency stage.

Time 0.1s Has to be coordinated with the settings of other fre-

3.6 Under Impedance Protection (F11,F21)

Therefore the secondary transformer impedance is

CT ratio 6000 × 110

In order not to overreach on external system faults an

with a time delay, t 21G = 2s

The interlock current is selected to be 120% of the

120% × Ig = 120% × 5414.28 = 6497.136A

to receive the secondary current we have to consider

The interlock current activates the measuring system

Time de- 2s Time delay to allow other protection functions to oper-

3.7 Negative Phase Sequence Protection, 46G (F11,F21)

The CT-nominal current is 6000A.

To compensate the difference we are able to calcu-

The setting is selected to be 0.90

Client VSH Prep. DY Contract Nº.

3.8 Loss of Excitation, 40G (F11,F21)

The given direct reactance’s are

A compensation factor F must be determined according to the equation below, in order

VG CTratio Ir 13800 6000 × 110 1

So the adapted reactance’s are

The relay function setting is calculated as follows.

xd′ xd 0.31 1.07

Parameter Setting Setting calculation and comments

Time delay 1 sec

3.9 Generator Overvoltage Protection, 59G (F11,F21)

value sen by experience and depends on the customer

3.10 Generator Under voltage Protection, 27G (F11,F21)

3.11 Rotor Earth Fault, 64R (F11,F21)

Parameter Setting Setting calculation and comments

Client VSH Prep. DY Contract Nº.