SAINT JOSEPH ACADEMY

OF SAN JOSE, BATANGAS INCORPORATED

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

MODULE: 4 SECOND SEMESTER

Date: MARCH 29 – APRIL 02, 2021 2ND QUARTER S.Y. 2020 –
2021

CLASS NUMBER: _____________________ SUBJECT:

PHIL. POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE
NAME: _______________________________________________ TEACHER:
MR.PAOMBONG/MRS. CUENCA
GRADE AND SECTION: HUMSS 11- BONIFACIO/AGONCILLO

Quarter 2 - Module 4
Civil Societies and Social Movements

Day 1-2 Online Learning

What I Need to Know

This module introduces you the basic

concepts, role, and contributions of Civil Society
and Social Movements to Philippine Democracy.
At the end of the module, you will be able to
demonstrate an understanding on the vital role
played by an active civil society and social
movements in ending the authoritarian regime
in the country, how it contributes to a functioning
nation, and have been considered as one

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SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

component in the democratization process.

The module has one lesson, namely:

 Lesson 1 - Concepts, Role, and Contributions of Civil Society and Social

Movements to Philippine Democracy

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Explain the concepts, role, and contributions of civil societies and social
movements to Philippine democracy.

What I Know

I. FACT or BLUFF. The following are statements about the concept, role and
contributions of civil society and social movements to Philippine democracy. On your
answer sheet, write FACT if the sentence is correct, write BLUFF if otherwise.
1. Non-Governmental Aid Organizations (NGOs), provide assistance to people for
little or no fee.
2. EDSA 2 overthrown the Marcos regime in February 1986.
3. A study of civil society examines the characteristics of associations in a public
domain or arena and their role in politics and society.
4. People power” brought back democratization to the Philippines
5. NGOs are operated by the government.
6. The brutality of the Marcos regime drew strong opposition from variety social
groups and movements in the Philippines.
7. Civil society includes classical ‘political voices’ and forms of self-organization that
are not politicized such as registered charities, faith-based associations, or self-
help groups.
8. EDSA 2 overthrown the Marcos regime in February 1986.
9. Social movements were decisive forces in democratic breakthrough in the
Philippines.
10. Family could be considered a part of civic society because they voluntarily
contribute to your well-being and generally ask for nothing in return.

II. MULTIPLE CHOICE: Read the following items carefully. Write the letter of the
correct answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. It is comprised of groups or organizations working in the interest of the citizens

but operating outside of the governmental and for profit sectors
a. Civil Society c. Sectoral Party
b. Cooperatives d. Social Movement

2. A sectoral party dedicated to promoting the rights of Filipino women through

participation in the country's electoral system and organs of governance.
a. Charities c. Gabriela
b. Feminism d. Women Empowerment

3. It was a series of popular demonstrations in the Philippines that began in 1983

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SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

and culminated on February 22–25, 1986.

a. EDSA Revolution 1 c. Social Movement
b. EDSA Revolution 2 d. Rally

4. These organizations are not operated by the government, are very often reliant on
donations, and tend to be comprised of volunteers.
a. Coalition c. People’s Organizations
b. Non-Government Organizations d. Sectoral Organization

5. It was defined as a sustained and purposeful collective mobilized by an identifiable,

self-organized group in confrontation with specific power structures and in the
pursuit of socioeconomic and political change.
a. Civil Society Organizations c. Non-profit Media Organizations
b. Cooperatives d. Social Movements

Lesson
Civil Society and Social Movements
1

What’s In

As you learned from Module 3, political parties and elections play an important role
in the analysis of democratization in the country. You must also remember that
conducting elections as a political process in a democratic country is the most needed
component in order to let the people’s voice be heard and feel that the place they are
living with is free and fair. The current electoral system in the country was established
under the 1987 Constitution.

What’s New
Enumerate at least five institutions or organizations that influence your life and the
lives of people in your community. Tell something about it. Write your answer on a
separate sheet of paper.

1.

2.

3.

4.
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SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

5.

What is It

What defines a civil society?

As of July 15, 2020, according to study.com, a civil society is comprised of groups
or organizations working in the interest of the citizens but operating outside of the
governmental and for-profit sectors. They are known to champion issues of the
marginalized members of the society, such as issues on poverty, environmental
protection, human rights, labor rights. Organizations and institutions that make up civil
society include labor unions, non-profit organizations, churches, and other service
agencies that provide an important service to society but generally ask for very little in
return.

On a global scale, organizations from

civil society play an incredibly important
role. In the consequences of a disaster and
pandemic such as the eruptions of Taal
Volcano and COVID 19 group like the
Philippine Red Cross was instrumental in
serving those affected and helping them get
back to normal. Philippine Red Cross has
truly
become the premier humanitarian organization in the country, committed to provide
quality life-saving services that protect the life and dignity especially of indigent
Filipinos in vulnerable situations. These groups are considered Non-Governmental
Aid Organizations (NGOs), which provide assistance to people for little or no fee.
NGOs fall into the category of civil society because they are not operated by the
government, are very often reliant on donations, and tend to be comprised of volunteers.

Another example of civil society at work is civic

groups, such as the Rotary Club or Kiwanis. In the
Philippines, these are groups that are made up of people
from the community who volunteer their time in order
to raise money for community projects or needs. Though
these groups tend to be much smaller than NGOs, they
are important because they represent the ordinary
citizen contributing to the overall well-being of their
community.
In certain cases, your family could be considered a part of civic society because they
voluntarily contribute to your well-being and generally ask for nothing in return. This,
in-turn, might allow you to go out and contribute elsewhere in the broader civil sector.

According to Khan et al. (2015) civil society organizations and social movement play
an essential role in democratizing politics and governance and can provide both
immediate relief and longer-term transformative change by:

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SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

 defending collective interests and increasing accountability;

 providing solidarity mechanisms;
 facilitate participation of the people in the policy-making and execution process of
the government;
 key participant political force;
 role in enhancing democracy;
 important institutional vehicles; and
 directly engaging in service delivery and challenging prejudice.

What defines a social movement?

Philippine politics and the struggle for genuine
social change are best demonstrated through the
country’s social movements. Social movements
have been making mark in our history since the
colonial period up to the present time.

As stated by Colas (2002), social movements

are defined as a sustained and purposeful
collective mobilized by an identifiable, self-
organized group in confrontation with specific
power structures and in the pursuit of
socioeconomic and
political change. Many social scientists have defined social movements in different
context but all of them states that social movements are groups meant to bring social
change (Banga 2014).

According to Blumer, social movements are collective enterprises to establish a new order of life. Social
movements are a collectivity which acts with some continuity to promote or resist a change in the society or
group of which it is a part. Social movements are called “social” because they intend to bring about change
in the society and “movement” because they have the capacity to mobilize or organize people with common
interest and goals. (Banga 2014)
According to Phatharathananunt (2012) Social movements were decisive forces in democratic
breakthrough in the Philippines. Under the dictatorial regime of Marcos, the following decades
witnessed widespread human rights violations. Students, academics, journalists,
businessmen, laborers and peasants were arrested, tortured and killed. In addition,
the regime also plundered the Philippines’s economy through the use of various kinds
of corrupt practices The brutality of the regime drew strong opposition from variety
social groups and movements, especially from the National Democratic Front (NDF).
Opposition to the Marcos regime escalated after the killing of opposition member
Benigno Aquino in 1983. The opposition culminated in a massive popular uprising
widely known as EDSA 1 (after the Epifanio de los Santos Avenue or EDSA where the
majority of protests took place) that toppled the Marcos regime in February 1986.
Ironically, it was moderate social movements and disaffected military officers, that
fought Marcos before martial law all the way up to the uprising and that, through its
leading role in “people power” brought back democratization to the Philippines.

A similar movement held on January 18, 2001 caused the dethronement of former
President Joseph Ejercito Estrada in the event now known as EDSA People Power II
wherein hundreds of thousands Filipinos poured into the EDSA shrine area. When the
numbers of protesters reached a million the next day, the leadership of the military and
police withdrew their support from Estrada and expressed support for Arroyo. This act
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SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

signaled the end of Estrada’s presidency.

Because power resides with the people in a democratic government and the citizens
can directly or indirectly affect their government, social movements and social
organizations contribute to democracy by providing a venue where the citizens can voice
out their concerns to the government programs. Some organizations can initiate
programs that may help other people of the people. They can function as watchers or
observers of the government, calling the attention of both government and the people to
act. These actions may result in the change of leaders or even the government.

Day 3- Online Learning

What’s More

ACTIVITY 1
On the box provided below, provide a brief explanation about the activity of the
following civic groups in our society. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

Civic Group Advocacy

1.Gabriela

2. Greenpeace Philippines

3. Family

4. Red Cross

5. Kilusang Mayo Uno

ACTIVITY 2
Look for three words/concepts that are related with civil society and social movements
in the word cloud below then explain each word based on your understanding. Write
your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

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SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

1.

2.

3.

What I Have Learned

Answer the following questions. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. What are the important roles of civil society movements in good governance?

2. What do you think might happen in a society with a weak and strong civil
society?

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SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

Day 4- Modular Learning

What I Can Do

Paste a picture of yourself in a sheet of paper depicting your advocacy on how you
may contribute a positive impact in an overall well-being of your community. Write a
short essay about it. Your essay will be checked using the criteria below.

Content - 15 points
Structure, Logic and Transition - 15 points
Presentation of Photo - 10 points
Grammatical Accuracy - 5 points
Punctuation, Spelling and Presentation - 5 points
Total - 50 points

Assessment

I. IDENTIFICATION. Identify the terms being described in the following

statements. Write the letter of the correct answer on a separate sheet of paper.
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SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

1. It was defined as a sustained and purposeful collective mobilized by an

identifiable, self-organized group in confrontation with specific power structures
and in the pursuit of socioeconomic and political change.
2. These organizations are not operated by the government, are very often reliant on
donations, and tend to be comprised of volunteers.
3. It is comprised of groups or organizations working in the interest of the citizens
but operating outside of the governmental and for profit sectors
4. A sectoral party dedicated to promoting the rights of Filipino women through
participation in the country's electoral system and organs of governance.
5. These groups are smaller than NGO’s that are made up of people from the
community who volunteer their time in order to raise money for community
projects or needs.
6. It was a series of popular demonstrations in the Philippines that began in 1983
and culminated on February 22–25, 1986.
7. A civil group dedicated from fighting for the rights of workers such as proper
funding of basic social services and wages.
8. It was a peaceful political protest from January 17-20, 2001 that overthrew
President Joseph Estrada in his position.
9. It has truly become the premier humanitarian organization in the country,
committed to provide quality life-saving services that protect the life and dignity
especially of indigent Filipinos in vulnerable situations
10. Under his dictatorial government the country witnessed widespread human
rights violations, corruptions and brutality that led to 1986 EDSA Revolution.

II. MATCHING TYPE. Match the advocacy in Column A with the social civil
organization in Column B. Write the letter of the correct answer on a separate
sheet of paper.

Column A Column B
1. Ensure children’s right to equal a. Haribon Foundation
care and education
b. Waves for Water
2. Help women of domestic abuse
who feel too afraid to speak for c. Children’s Defense fund
themselves.
3. Provide help to end hunger at
d. Earth Island Institute
home and abroad.
e. Women’s Environment and
4. Biodiversity conservation Development Organizations

5. To provide access to clean f. Bread for the World.

water through the
implementation of
portable
water filter system.

Congratulations!
You have completed this Page 9

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 SAINT JOSEPH ACADEMY
OF SAN JOSE, BATANGAS INCORPORATED
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

References:
Banga, L. (2020, September 24). Social Movements in the Philippine Context.
Retrieved from https://www.academia.edu/31601694/Social_Movements_in_the_Philippine
_context

Phatharathananunth, S. (2020, September 24). “Social Movements and Democracy: Experiences

from the Philippines And Thailand.” 259–67. Retrieved from
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.1039.9353&rep= rep1&type=pdf

The Role of Civil Society and Social Movements. (2020, September 22). Retrieved
from https://gsdrc.org/topic-guides/social-exclusion/lessons-and- tools/the-
role-of-civil-society-and-social-movements/

What is civil society? (2020, July 15). Retrieved from

https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-a-civil-society-definition-
examples.html

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