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Fungsi Kuadratik
TIPS
2x2 + 5x – 8 = 0 Before performing the method
2
Divide by the coefficient of x , that is 2. of completing the square, ensure
2
Bahagi dengan pekali x , iaitu 2.
2x2 + 5x – 8 = 0 that the coefficient of x2 is 1.
Sebelum melakukan kaedah
x2 + 5 x – 4 = 0 penyempurnaan kuasa dua, pastikan
2 pekali x2 ialah 1.
x2 + 5 x = 4
Move 4 to the right hand side.
Pindahkan 4 ke sebelah kanan.
2
2 2
x2 + 5 x + 冢 5 冣 = 4 + 冢 5 冣 Add 冢
coefficient of x 2
2 4 4 2 冣 to both sides of the equation.
2
冢x + 54 冣 = 89 pekali x 2
Tambah 冢 冣 di kedua-dua belah persamaan.
16 2
18
5x2 – 7x – 10 = 0
Identify the values of a, b and c first.
a = 5, b = –7, c = –10 Kenal pasti nilai-nilai a, b dan c dahulu.
–(–7) ± (–7)2 – 4(5)(–10) Be aware of the negative sign (–). For example, b2 is (–7)2 instead of –72.
x= Berhati-hati dengan tanda negatif (–). Misalnya, b2 ialah (–7)2 dan bukannya –72.
2(5)
7 ± 249
=
10
Use a calculator to get this value.
= 2.2780 or/atau –0.8780 Guna kalkulator untuk mendapat nilai ini.
1. x2 + 9x + 4 = 0 2. 3x2 – 11x + 6 = 0
a = 1, b = 9, c = 4 a = 3, b = –11, c = 6
–9 ± 92 – 4(1)(4) –(–11) ± (–11)2 – 4(3)(6)
x= x=
2(1) 2(3)
–9 ± 65 11 ± 49
= =
2 6
= –0.4689 or/atau –8.5311 2
= 3 or/atau
3
3. –2x2 + x + 5 = 0 4. x(6x – 1) = 7x + 13
a = –2, b = 1, c = 5 6x2 – 8x – 13 = 0
a = 6, b = –8, c = –13
–1 ± 12 – 4(–2)(5)
x=
2(–2) –(–8) ± (–8)2 – 4(6)(–13)
x=
–1 ± 41 2(6)
=
–4 8 ± 376
=
= –1.3508 or/atau 1.8508 12
= 2.2826 or/atau –0.9492
NOTES
If α and β are the roots of quadratic equation, then the quadratic equation is x2 – (α + β)x + αβ = 0, where α + β is the sum of roots
(SOR) and αβ is the product of roots (POR).
Jika α dan β ialah punca-punca persamaan kuadratik, maka persamaan kuadratik ialah x2 – (α + β)x + αβ = 0, dengan keadaan α + β ialah
hasil tambah punca (HTP) dan αβ ialah hasil darab punca (HDP).
α = –4, β = 9
19