pgr IRÈP NBVU

/agrhuijmgtrjmbr
 

PRHÊVEG
:. EN]VGMRÃÀG  
  :.: • @ghbãjnmg
• @ghbãjnmg j bstumjr, `ghg grcjnezjr7 6
  :.6 • @e`ig mj hbhðrej 6
  :.0 • Embnte﬊`jnmg pjmròbs `gh `gntbxtg `grrbtg 0
  :.= • G qub gidjr b g qub ’mbexjr prj iê‘ =

6. @JNMIBP
  6.: • ]epgs
• ]epgs mb `jnmibs 3
  6.6 • Agrãj
• Agrãj nj tbnmën`ej 5
  • ]jhjndg mb uhj ijtbrjiemjmb
6.0 • ]jhjndg :?

IRÈP NBVU
HJ]BVEJII BT@IRPEQG _JVJ GP JIRNGP MG @RVPG GNIENB
HJ]BVEJ
0. PR_GV]BP B VBPEP]ËN@EJP
 
 
0.: • Pupgrtbs
• Pupgrtbs b rbsetën`ejs
• Pupgrtbs b rbsetën`ejs rghpemgs
0.6 • Pupgrtbs
:=
:2
AÐVHRIJ MG ]VJMBV   0.0 •• @ghg
 @ghg mbiehetjr uhj zgnj mb supgrtb b rbsestën`ej7 :1
]GMGP GP MEVBE]GP VBPBVQJMGP © 6?:5

=. G CVÊAE@G
  =.: • Ajsbs
• Ajsbs mg crê﬊`g :4
  =.6 •• Vghpehbntg
 Vghpehbntg :5
  =.0 • @jnji
• @jnji bstrbetg 6?
  • Ijtbrjiezjãàg jhpij
=.= • Ijtbrjiezjãàg 6:
  =.2 • Ijtbrjiezjãàg
• Ijtbrjiezjãàg bstrbetj 66
 

2. VB]VJÃÒBP B CJ_P
  2.: • Vbtrjãòbs
• Vbtrjãòbs mb 2?% 6=
  2.6 • Cjps entrjmjy 61
  2.0 • Cjps `ghg jivg 63
1. P]G_P
  • Ptgps
1.: • Ptgps 0?
  • Ptgps tå`ne`gs
1.6 • Ptgps 0?
  • Ptgps ﬊njn`bergs
1.0 • Ptgps 06
  1.= •• Ptgps
 Ptgps hbeg j hbeg 00

3. VGH_EHBN]GP
  • Gpbrjnmg uh rghpehbntg
3.: • Gpbrjnmg 01
  3.6 • @ghg
• @ghg bntrjr nuh rghpehbntg7 Gnmb `gig`jr g stgp7 04

4. I J]BVJIEM
J]BVJIEMJMB
JMB
  • Pupgrtbs b rbsestën`ejs mejcgnjes
4.: • Pupgrtbs =6
  4.6 • Embnte﬊`jnmg
• Embnte﬊`jnmg [gnjs mb Ijtbrjiemjmb =1
  4.: •• Gpbrjnmg
 Gpbrjnmg Ijtbrjiemjmb =3
  4.: • ]gpgs
• ]gpgs b Aunmgs Mupigs =4

5. SBMCBP
  • Sbmcbs
5.: • Sbmcbs 2:
 

Giê, jhecgs mg Aðrhuij mg trjmbr, tumg fbh7

Å `gh bngrhb jibcrej qub jprbsbntg g prgkbtg ’Jpgs

’Jpgsteijnmg
teijnmg ]rjmbs‘ qub surceu
bh ngssj Pjij Bmu`j`egnji b trjzbhgs jcgrj pjrj g `ursg gnienb. Jcrjmb`bhgs
j `gn﬊jnãj b bspbrjhgs qub sbkj uhj ’vejcbh‘ supbr prgvbetgsj Jntbs mb
qujiqubr `gesj, pbãg ie`bnãj pjrj hb jprbsbntjr;

Hbu nghb å Iuès Nbry  b dgkb ajãg pjrtb, kuntg `gh g Njdeh, mg Aðrhuij
mg ]rjmbr. Jntbs messg, aue prgabssgr mb hjtbhête`j pgr 3-4 jngs, bhprbsêreg,
aun`egnêreg pûfie`g jprgvjmg bh jicuns `gn`ursgs b dgkb vevg mg trjmb b g

EN]VGMRÃÀG
trjmb vevb bh heh. Qjhgs tbntjr pbcjr uh jtjidg prj bssb `jhendg7 @ghbãjrbe

:•
uhj såreb mb jpgsteijs `gh g entuetg mb hjxehezjr sbus rbsuitjmgs b jkumjr j
bn`gntrjr g hbidgr `jhendg pjrj qub vg`ë vbnãj ng hbr`jmg ﬊njn`berg.

Ng enè`eg, jsseh `ghg tgmgs, tevb prgfibhjs `gh pbrmjs b j`jfbe `dbcjnmg j
qujsb zbrjr tgmj hendj rbsbrvj mb jngs. Nàg sjfej pgr gnmb `ghbãjr j bstumjr
b j`jfbe hb pbrmbnmg bntrb tjntgs hjtbrejes b ’me`js heijcrgsjs‘
heijcrgsjs‘.. G nbcð`eg å g
sbcuentb; bu nàg vgu ajzbr vg`ë verjr j `djvb, huetg hbngs pbcjr nj suj hàg
b jpbrtjr g fgtàg `gntecg, hjs vgu tb hgstrjr uh `jhendg qub tjivbz bn`urtb
jicuh tbhpg nbssj suj verjmj, j hendj pjrtb bstjrbe ajzbnmg, b j tuj7 Qjhgs7

J hbtgmgigcej mjs juijs `gntbhpij, bh `jmj tðpe`g, j bxpgseãàg mj tbgrej

sbcuemj mb jicuhjs ehjcbns pjrj qub vg`ës pentbh b fgrmbh (ietbrjihbntb).
Pb agr pgssèvbi, ehprehj `jmj jpgsteij b `ghprb iêpes mb `gr b hjr`j tbxtgs mb
mevbrsjs `grbs. Zubrg vbr ngssg crupg b js hèmejs sg`ejes (enstjcrjh b aj`bfggl)
pgiuèmgs mb bstumgs! Qjhgs `gigrer bssb `bnêreg b ajzbr meabrbntb mb tgmgs!
Hb hjrqubh (Oiuesnbryx ) b hjrqub (Oagrhuijmgtrjmbr ), vjhgs bstumjr7 CG!
(mbs`b `gh j cbntb, sgfb `gh j cbntb! Vs)

:
 

Mbpges mb abetg essg, vjhgs jnjiesjr js agrhjs mb bstumg;

@GHBÃJNMG J BP]RMJV, • Jpgsteij mg Iuiue

• : gu 6 ievrgs

@GHG GVCJNE[JV7 • Qèmbgs

• Vbpijy
• Crê﬊`gs

J pjrter mjè, pgmbhgs er jg prðxehg tðpe`g b pbnsjr bh `ghg HJTEHE[JV gs

Mg qub jmejntj er prj uh ijmg b prg gutrg b nàg sjer mg iucjr7 @gh g bstumg rbsuitjmgs
å ecuji, vjhgs AG@JV ng qub rbjihbntb ehpgrtj. @ji`uib g tbhpg qub tbh
mespgnèvbi pjrj bstumgs, essg nàg `gntj g tbhpg qub bstê gpbrjnmg, sbu bstumg
tbh qub sbr sjcrjmg, ajãj g `êi`uig mb dgrjs ièquemjs qub rbjihbntb tb sgfrjh
ng mej pjrj sb mbme`jr j essg, vgu jque mjr mges bxbhpigs hbus, uh mb qujnmg
trjfjidjvj bh fjn`g b gutrg mbpges mb trjmbr auii-tehb, vbkj quji sb bn`jexj
hbidgr jg sbu pbr﬊i b jmjptb, å `ijrg.

• G_ÃÀG : (Fjn`êreg)
• Dgrêreg mb trjfjidg; 5 ïs :2;:2
@E@IG MJ HBHÐVEJ
• J`jmbhej; 3 ïs 4 @ghg pgmbhgs entbnse﬊`jr g jprbnmezjmg7 ]rjnsagrhjnmg
]rjnsagrhjnmg g ngssg bstumg bh
• ]bhpg ievrb pbij hjndà; [BVG uh `e`ig `gnstjntb, qub ngs ajãj tbr tumg ’crumjmg nj `j`dgij‘, ngssj hbntb
• ]bhpg mb gpbrjãòbs; :2;2? ïs :4;?? tbh meabrbntbs agrhjs mb cujrmjr g qub age jprbnmemg, essg å enmevemuji, hjs
• Gutrgs jajzbrbs b rgtenj; :4 ïs :5;0? uhj `gesj qub å `ghuh ï hjegrej å qub tbhgs uhj ’`urvj mg bsqub`ehbntg‘,
bsqub`ehbntg‘,
• ]bhpg ievrb pjrj bstumgs; :5;0:5;0?
? jtå ?;0? (2d, sbnmg =d IÈZREM
IÈZREMJP)
JP) vjhgs usjr bij j ngssg ajvgr;

*dgrj ièquemj; @gigqub uh `rgnýhbtrg b vbkj g qujntg mbssjs 2d vg`ë -Vbvesàg ng mej sbcuentb + rbvesàg nj sbhjnj sbcuentb + rbvesàg ng hës
rbjihbntb bstumgu, pjusb bssb `rgnýhbtrg jg sjer pjrj fbfbr êcuj, er jg sbcuentb (: x pgr hës j pjrter mjè).
fjndberg, `gnvbrsjr `gh qubh agr, mjnãjr nj fgquendj mj cjrrjaj, bt`.
Ajãj jngtjãòbs b hjrqub js `gesjs hjes ehpgrtjntbs, jqubijs qub vàg tb ibvjr
• G_ÃÀG 6 (Auii ]ehb ]rjmbr) j ibhfrjr g hêxehg mb enagrhjãòbs j rbspbetg mg qub age bstumjmg. Qbkj ngs
• Dgrêreg mbmb trjfjidg;
trjfjidg; 5 ïs ::;0?, :6;0? ïs :3 (dgkb
(dgkb pgssg hb mbme`jr g jnbxgs mjs ûitehjs pêcenjs g `e`ig `ghpibtg, sbcub pjrtb mbib prbbn`demg pjrj
mej tgmg, rb`ghbnmg hbngs tbhpg pjrj qubh bstê `ghbãjnmg) qub tbndjh emåej mb `ghg ajzbr;
• J`jmbhej; 3;6? ïs 4;:?
• Ibeturj; 1;0? ïs 3d

•• Gutrgs
]bhpg jajzbrbs
pjrjbbstumgs;
ievrb pjrj rgtenj; :4:5;0?
ïs :5;0?
jtå ?d (=;0?d,
(=;0?d, sbnmg 0;0?d IÈZREMJP)
IÈZREMJP)

6
 

@JNMIBP, EMBN]EAE@JNMG
_JMVÒBP @GH @GN]BT]G
@GVVB]G

• @JNMIB MB JI]J
JI]J
*@D 8 `jrcj dgrêrej (humb `gnagrhb nb`bssemjmb) vjrejãàg hêxehj (tgpg)
*Vbvesàg mg mej jntbregr kê prgcrjhjmj, 0? hen prj rbvesjr tumg hbngs rbpijy. Nj sbhjnj sbcuentb
ab`djhbntg
j prðprej tjfbij tb enme`j j rbpbteãàg mg mej ?: b mg mej jntbregr.

@jsg nàg `gnsecj `uhprer tumg nuh mbtbrhenjmg mej, jpjcub tumg b hjrqub jfbrturj
qub rbjihbntb nàg mbu, nàg tbntb `uhprer essg ng mej sbcuentb, vg`ë vje sb ﬊c. :
vjrejãàg hêxehj (aunmg)
bhfgijr, ajãj uh mej mb `jmj vbz b `jsg nàg `gnsecj `uhprer, jpbnjs `gigqub
qub nàg `gnsbcueu. Ibhfrb-sb qub `jmj mej qub ﬊`j bh frjn`g, pgmbh sbr ’_ý, essg bu kê sjfej!‘ Hjs b essg7
jicuns rbjes j hbngs nj tuj `gntj! `ghprjmgrbs ibvjrjh jtå jque, vbnmbmgrbs
Ag`g + Mbtbrhenjãàg + Aå + _brsestën`ej 8 _GMBV! jpjrb`brjh b sbcurjrjh j ’gnmj‘.
prbãg pgmb tbr bn`gntrjtg uh bqueièfreg
_P; Qjhgs jg qub entbrbssj7 Vs mbntrg mg tbhpg axjmg mg `jnmib.

qubh `ghprgu jque tjivbz bstbkj mespgstg j

`ghprjr hjes fjexg tjhfåh

﬊c.6 ]bvb cbntbhjs

pbrmbrjh, vbnmbnmg jtå jque, vbnmbmgrbs
bstàg jtevgs.

0
 

j me`j qub mbexg å; nàg agqub bh ﬊curjs bspb`è﬊`js b ﬊qub `bcg prg rbstjntb,
• @JNMIB MB FJETJ vjhgs pjssg j pjssg bvgiuer ng `gndb`ehbntg b vbr gs pgntgs qub rbjihbntb
ehpgrtjh, pgmb pjrb`br `djtg b sehpibs g qub age vestg jque, hjs vg`ës kê
vjrejãàg hêxehj (tgpg)
pbr`bfbràg uhj meabrbnãj crjnmb nj agrhj mb vbr mbtbrhenjmjs `gesjs
` gesjs ng crê﬊`g.
jfbrturj

ab`djhbntg
﬊c.0 vjrejãàg hêxehj (aunmg)
Qjhgs jnjiesjr j aunmg7
`ghprjmgrbs ibvjrjh jtå jque, vbnmbmgrbs
jpjrb`brjh b sbcurjrjh j ’gnmj‘.
qubh vbnmbu jque pgmb bstjr mespgstg j
vbnmbr hjes j`ehj tjhfåh.
BTBV@E]JNMG
Qgu `ghbãjr `gh uh bxbhpig b vg`ës `gntenujh njs ehjcbns sbcuentbs `gh
hjr`j tbxtg, iêpes mb `gr gu g qub sbkj, hjs embnte﬊qub jmbqujmjhbntb g qub
å pbmemg;
• BTBH_IG;
_entjrbe mb vbrhbidg gs pgntgs gnmb gs ursgs (vbnmbmgrbs) vbn`brjh b mb
vbrmb g ig`ji gnmb gs tgurgs (`ghprjmgrbs) g ﬊zbrjh, sbnmg Jzui g ’pgntg mb
bqueièfreg‘ bn`gntrjmg, ajãj essg `jnmib j `jnmib njs pjrtbs `grtjmjs j sbcuer.

pgrbãg pgmb tbr bn`gntrjmg uh bqueièfreg

mbntrg mg tbhpg mg `jnmib.

vbnmbmgrbs ibvjrjn jtå jque, `ghprjmgrbs

sbcurjrjh j ’gnmj‘.
﬊c. =

G ZRB GIDJV B G ZRB _GN]G MB BZREIÈFVEG

’MBETJV _VJ IÊ‘ ]GRVGP QBN@BVJH

RVPGP QBN@BVJH

J `gesj hjes `ghuh qub sb vë ng hbr`jmg sàg gs bxpbrts bh ﬊curjs b pjmròbs ﬊c.2

mb ’:??% cjen‘, essg nàg bxestb, sb bxestessb sbrej pgr pgu`g tbhpg, uhj crjnmb Mbpges mb abetg essg bh jicuns crê﬊`gs, `ghb`b j sb pbrcuntjr; quji hgtevg

enstetueãàg jg sbnmg
tepg mb trjmb, pbr`bfbr qubjnjiesb
jsseh, sbhprbg pbrmb njqubib
`gntbxtg, pgntg,
essg sbrê mbexjrej
vestg hjes ïmbarbntb,
ajzbr hjs
bssb mb bstjrVs.
frjvg7 `ghprjnmg sb hbu crê﬊`g tê qujsb tgmg vbrhbidg7 Pgu uh tgurendg

=
  =
 

_JVJ @GIGVEV
 2
 

_JVJ @GIGVEV

Pecj ajzbnmg essg bh mevbrsgs crê﬊`gs, `reb uh jrquevg `gh bibs b vjhgs
`ghpibhbntjnmg ngssgs bstumgs, ﬊`g pgr jque nbssj juij b nj sbhjnj qub

vbh `gntenujrbhgs, vjhg qub vjhg!

 1
 

]E_GP MB @JNMIBP
J humjnãj hjes rjme`ji qub uh trjmbr pgmb ajzbr bh fus`j mj ’verjmj mb
`djvb‘ å tbr uh fgh cbrbn`ejhbntg mb uh trjmb. Essg nàg tbh njmj j vbr `gh
cbrbn`ejhbntg mb res`g pbssgji, essg tbh j vbr `gh PJFBV BN]VJV, PJFBV
P]G_JV B PJFBV VBJIE[JV uh trjmb `gnagrhb g ’fjruidg mg hgtgr‘, `ghg
embnte﬊`jr essg7 @ghg sjfbr sb mbvg rbjiezjr `urtg gu bste`jr hendj gpbrjãàg7 J
sbcuer vgu tb hgstrjr jicuns mbtjidbs qub jtå bntàg vg`ë pgmb tbr nbciecbn`ejmg
gu nun`j tbr bstumjmg j rbspbetg.
 
Jntbs mb ene`ejr, g qub sbrej `grpg b sghfrj bh uh `jnmib7
@GV_G PGHFVJ @JNMIB

6• @JNMIBP ﬊c.1

• @JNMIB MB ]BNMËN@EJ
Pàg `jnmibs qub pgssubh hjes 2?% mb `grpg b j hbngr sghfrj pgssèvbi, sbkj
nbcjtevg gu pgsetevg.
Bxbhpigs;

﬊c.3 

Bibs cbrjihbntb jpjrb`bh mbntrg mb tbnmën`ejs ng cbrji, rghpehbntgs,
rbvbrsòbs. Nàg qubr mezbr qub bibs nb`bssjrejhbntb bstjràg nuhj tbnmën`ej,
hjs tbr `jnmibs `gh `grpgs crjnmbs qubr mezbr qub g hbr`jmg bstê sb
hbxbnmg, qub bib tbh vgijteiemjmb pjrj qub vg`ë pgssj cjndjr mendberg. Jiåh
messg, pgmbhgs mezbr qub j uneàg mb vêregs `jnmibs ngs hgstrj g `gntbxtg jtevg
ng hghbntg.
Pb vg`ë tbh vêrejs fjrrjs mb tbnmën`ej nuh sbntemg, essg qubr mezbr qub ng
hghbntg jtuji, j tbnmën`ej å njqubij merbãàg. Bh uh `gntbxtg hjegr, bssj
tbnmën`ej pgmb sbr hengretêrej, ibvjnmg pjrj uh puiifj`l mb `gntenujãàg mb
uhj tbnmën`ej hjegr.
]umg essg sbrê vestg hjes ï arbntb bh ngssjs jpgsteijs, pgr bnqujntg sbcubh
jicuhjs jnêiesbs mb `jnmibs;
`jnmib ’Fjrrei Mgfrjmg‘
﬊c.4 . ÈNME@B AR]RVG 6?/?6/6?:5
3
Nbssb bxbhpig, Hjrqube mb vbrmb tgmjs js fjrrjs mb tbnmën`ej qub jpjrb`brjh
murjntb bssb pbrègmg mg crê﬊`g, mbhgnstrjnmg gs hghbntgs bh qub j agrãj
mb hgvehbntjãàg brj crjnmb b js fjrrjs mb tbnmën`ej tghjrjh `gntj.
*@jnmib ’Fjrrei mgfrjmg‘ ; vBssb å g tepg mb `jnmib qub vg`ë qubr bstjr j ajvgr
b vje `dgrjr `jsg bstbkj `gntrj (b sbh stgp), Aresbe j bxestën`ej mbib, pges jsseh
`ghg j`gntb`bu ng crê﬊`g jprbsbntjmg, bh huetjs mjs vbzbs bib jpjrb`b
mbhgnstrjnmg agrãj bx`bssevj kuntg `gh uh ’`ièhjx‘ qub sbrê vestg hjes
jmejntb, g `ièhjx rbprbsbntj g pgntg bh qub g crê﬊`g bste`gu mbhjes b pgmb tbr
pbcg huetgs stgps `gntrêregs, enmg jiåh mg qub brj prbvestg njqubib pbrègmg,
﬊qub bspbrtg bh rbijãàg j bibs, sbhprb mbs`gn﬊b qujnmg vbr uh b jenmj nàg
bstevbr pgse`egnjmg (tumg mbpbnmb mg `gntbxtg, bib tjhfåh pgmb jpjrb`br
nuh rghpehbntg).
• @JNMIB MB IJ]BVJIE[JÃÀG
Murjntb j hjegr pjrtb mg tbhpg gs crê﬊`gs ﬊`jh bh ijtbrjiezjãàg, sbnmg jsseh,
nj hjegr pjrtb mg tbhpg vjhgs tbr `jnmibs nbssb agrhjtg, sàg `jnmibs `gh
sghfrjs hjegrbs qub 2?% mg `grpg, rb`bfbnmg mevbrsgs nghbs; Mgkes, bstrbij
`jmbntb, bnagr`jmg, bt`. ]gmgs bibs sàg `jnmibs mb ijtbrjiezjãàg, sbnmg gs Mgkes
gs hjes ’agrtb‘ bntrb bibs.
Bxbhpigs;
﬊c.5
 4
 

AGVÃJ NJ ]BNMËN@EJ
Bibs cbrjihbntb jpjrb`bh mbpges mb uhj tbnmën`ej huetg agrtb, gnmb g
hbr`jmg bn`gntrgu uh Bqueièfreg mb agrãjs bntrb ]gurgs
]gurgs (`ghprjmgrbs) b Rrsgs
(vbnmbmgrbs). J ijtbrjiezjãàg pgmb sbr Bstrbetj gu Jhpij, sbràg bstumjmjs hjes
ï arbntb b kê j`gnsbidg jgs ene`ejntbs qub nàg fusqubh gpbrjr j ijtbrjiemjmb
bstrbetj (pgmbhgs `gnsembrjr bssj ehjcbh (=), sbnmg bh tgrng mb hbngs mb @gnsbcuehgs vbr j agrãj mj tbnmën`ej jtrjvås mgs `jnmibs, sbh nb`bssemjmb
62? pgntgs mb rjncb ng ènme`b b 1 pgntgs ng mðijr). mb enme`jmgr jicuh, `ghbãjrbhgs dgkb `gh js `jrj`tbrèste`js enmevemujes mb
`jnmibs agrtbs b jvjnãjrbhgs njs prðxehjs sbhjnjs qujnmg `gnkucjhgs
Cbrjihbntb uhj ijtbrjiezjãàg bstrbetj å bn`brrjmj `gh : gu hjes fjrrjs mb tgmgs mbntrg mb uhj tbnmën`ej.
tbnmën`ej sbcuemjs, j mbpbnmbr mg `gntbxtg.
@jrj`tbrèste`js mb agrãj;
Rsjnmg j hbshj ehjcbh jntbregr, sbcubh bh vbrhbidg js hjr`jãòbs mb Ajijrbe uh pgu`g ng sbntemg cbrji b mbpges ajrbe uh ’’`gnargntg
`gnargntg‘‘ bntrb `jnmibs.
`jnmibs mb ijtbrjiezjãàg;
- Fjrrj mb jitj; Zujntg hjegr agr g `grpg b hjes prðxehg mj HÊTEHJ bib ab`djr,
hjegr å j agrãj mg `jnmib/tbnmën`ej.

- Fjrrj mb Fjexj; Zujntg hjegr agr g `grpg b hjes prðxehg mj HÈNEHJ bib
ab`djr, hjegr å j agrãj mg `jnmib/tbnmën`ej.

+ prðxehg8+agrtb

`jnmib ’Fjrrei Mgfrjmg‘ + prðxehg8+agrtb

﬊c.::

Jcgrj vjhgs j jicuns MRBIGP (betj, jcgrj g fe`dg pbcj!) Zubh vbn`b7

QE]ÐVEJ!
﬊c.:?

gu gu

﬊c.:6 QE]ÐVEJ!
 5
 

Nj ehjcbh ï bsqubmj (﬊c.:0), tbhgs g prehberg `jnmib ab`djnmg qujsb nj

hêxehj. Bntrjrjh vbnmbmgrbs ng tgpg, pgråh, pbssgjs `ghprjrjh mg enè`eg
jtå qujsb ng ﬊h mg `jnmib, ab`djnmg j pgu`j mestæn`ej mj hêxehj. Bnqujntg
]JHJNDG MB RHJ
ng sbcunmg tbhgs, jpbsjr mb agrãj pjrb`emj, vbnmbmgrbs ibvjnmg g prbãg jtå
g tbrãg enabregr mg `jnmib. Bssbs vbnmbmgrbs pgmbh rbjpjrb`br nuh prðxehg
`jnmib `gh hjes agrãj b tjivbz gs `ghprjmgrbs nàg sbcurbh j gnmj. Essg
IJ]BVJIEMJMB
nàg qubr mezbr qub g sbcunmg nàg sbkj agrtb, bib hgstrj uhj rbibvæn`ej fgj j
󲀦 BP]VBE]J; Nàg gpbrb, nàg vjib j pbnj pjrj ene`ejntbs! G qub pgmb sbr
mbpbnmbr mg `gntbxtg, sð ques mezbr qub j HJEGV agrãj bstê prbsbntb ng prehberg.
`gnsembrjmg uhj ijtbrjiemjmb bstrbetj7 Zujnmg tbhgs jpbnjs `jnmibs `gh
pjvegs hjegrbs qub 2?% gu qujntg jpbsjr mb `grpgs mb tbnmën`ej, bibs nàg
Nj ehjcbh ï merbetj, tbhgs g prehberg `jnmib `gh uh `grpg huetg hjegr
jnmjh hjes qub 62? pgntgs ng ènme`b gu 1 pgntgs ng mðijr (`gnsembrjnmg
qub j sghfrj, jfrenmg qujsb nj hêxehj b ibvjnmg jtå qujsb j hènehj mbib.
mjy trjmb b crê﬊`g mb 2 henutgs).
_guquèssehjs pbssgjs sb jrres`jrjh j `ghprjr mbntrg mbssb `jnmib, meabrbntb
mg sbcunmg, bh qub ng tbrãg ﬊nji jpjrb`brjh pbssgjs mbabnmbnmg j `ghprj b
Bxbhpigs;
ibvjnmg ï uhj jitj prðxehj jgs 2?% mg `grpg.

_jrj bntbnmbr bssjs ûitehjs iendjs, vg`ë prb`esj jnjiesjr pbnsjnmg nj jpgsteij :,
gnmb tbhgs;

gu gu
﬊c.:= ÈNME@B AR]RVG :4/?6/6?:5

﬊c.:0 

﬊c.:2 ÈNME@B AR]RVG :3/?6/6?:5

 :?
 

 Pbcubh bxbhpigs mb ijtbrjiezjãòbs jhpijs;

﬊c.:1 MÐIJV AR]RVG :4/?6/6?:5

﬊c.:4 MÐIJV AR]RVG ?4/?6/6?:5 b ::/?6/6?:5

﬊c.:3 MÐIJV AR]RVG :=/?6/6?:5

﬊c.:5 MÐIJV AR]RVG ?2/?6/6?:5

󲀦 JH_IJ; Zujnmg tbhgs uhj ijtbrjiemjmb bh uh tbhpg crê﬊`g hjegr (:d,

:mej, bt`), cbrjihbntb tbhgs uhj ijtbrjiemjmb jhpij bh crê﬊`gs hbngrbs,
sbnmg bijs `gh rjncbs mb :??? pgntgs gu hjes ng ènme`b, 0? pgntgs gu
hjes ng mðijr. Zujnmg g prbãg `je huetg b igcg mbpges sgfb tumg mb vgitj,
tbhgs crjnmbs `djn`bs mb bstjr ’vevbnmg‘ uhj ijtbrjiezjãàg jhpij. Mbssj
agrhj, fusqub nàg ﬊`jr pbnmurjmg bh gpbrjãòbs ng hbeg mg `jhendg.
Ajijrbhgs hjes messg njs prðxehjs juijs, gnmb jnjiesjrbhgs g `gntbxtg mb
vêrejs fjrrjs bh `gnkuntg.
 ::
 

BTBH_IG

_JVJ @GIGVEV
 :6
 

_JVJ @GIGVEV

Jtå j prðxehj pbssgji!

 :0
 

PR_GV]BP B VBPEP]ËN@EJP
Zub tbhj! @rbeg qub bssb age uh mgs pgntgs `djvbs prj hendj verjmj mb `djvb,
pgmb sbr j mb vg`ës tjhfåh, mbsmb qub tbndjh tgtji mbme`jãàg jg bstumg
messg, HRE]GP trjmbrs ajzbh jpbnjs gpbrjãòbs `gh supgrtbs b rbsestën`ejs,
bstjrbhgs bstumjnmg dgkb js DGVE[GN]JEP, iendjs gnmb jicuns pijybrs
hgntjrjh pgseãàg b tbntjràg mbabnmb-ijs j (qujsb) tgmg `ustg.

• Pupgrtb; _gntg gnmb, ehjcenjhgs crjnmb agrãj mb `ghprj b bspbrjhgs

qub jg tg`jr, g prbãg `ghbãj j sufer, mbspbrtjnmg gs `ghprjmgrbs

• Vbsestën`ej; _gntg gnmb, bspbrjhgs crjnmb agrãj mb vbnmj b bspbrjhgs

0• PR_GV]BP
qub gs Qbnmbmgrbs tghbh j jãàg.
_rehberjhbntb, jnjiesjrbhgs j sbcuentb setujãàg;
Ehjcenb qub Aeiesheng å rbprbsbntjmg pbij ibtrj ’A‘ b Esemgrg pbij ibtrj ’E‘, jhfgs

B VBPEP]ËN@EJP
sàg trjmbrs b bstàg qubrbnmg hgntjr uhj pgseãàg, sbkj mb mjy trjmb gu swenc.

Mjrbhgs enè`eg jg bstumg mgs ’Pupgrtbs b Vbsestën`ejs‘. G prehberg pgmb tb

mjr uh ðtehg pjmràg gpbrj`egnji pjrj qub vg`ë tbndj jicuhjs mjs hbidgrbs
bntrjmjs bh trjmbs, jqubij `gh jitg ènme`b mb j`brtg b uh igss rbijtevjhbntb
A A AE
pbqubng (nun`j pgmbhgs mehenuer tjntg sb fus`jhgs uhj % fgj, ajijrbhgs
sgfrb essg nj pjrtb mb cbrbn`ejhbntg mbssj jpgsteij). ﬊c.6? FFJP0 61/?6/6?:5
 :=
 

Ehjcenb qub Aeiesheng rbsgivbu `ghprjr ng sbcunmg tgqub ï bsqubrmj mg
crê﬊`g, ehjcenjnmg qub djvej uhj iendj mb supgrtb b j`jfgu surajnmg tgmj
bssj jitj ng crê﬊`g. Nbssj hbshj zgnj Esemgrg b gutrgs ﬊`jrjh `gh ’hbmendg‘
b nàg ﬊zbrjh j `ghprj, bspbrjnmg tjivbz uh senji hbidgr, uh `jnmib fgh gu
sbe iê g qub. Mbpges mb uh mbtbrhenjmg tbhpg, bibs bstjvjh tàg jrrbpbnmemgs,
qub tjivbz tbndjh `ghprjmg hjes j`ehj b nàg `gnsbcuerjh rbjiezjr iu`rg, gu
nàg tbndjh `ghprjmg, bspbrjnmg uh ’prbãg hbidgr‘. Jg vgitjr prj zgnj mb
supgrtb ï merbetj, Aeiesheng kê djvej rbjiezjmg iu`rgs b bstjvj `gh uh ﬊njn`berg
fgh b pgmb ’bn`dbr j hàg‘ jie, tgmgs jqubibs qub nàg `ghprjrjh nj prehberj
vbz, qubrbh `ghprjr jnsegsjhbntb. Jmvendj g qub j`gntb`b7 G prbãg sgfb
mb ngvg! Jiåh mbssbs tgurendgs `etjmgs, gs vbnmbmgrbs tjhfåh vàg qubrbr
rbjiezjr sujs vbnmjs jie, vestg qub mj ûitehj vbz g prbãg tbvb me﬊`uimjmb mb er
jiåh mbssj zgnj. Bntàg nbssb supgrtb tbhgs; Aeiesheng `ghprjnmg, Esemgrg b
gutrgs `ghprjnmg b vbnmbmgrbs rbjiezjnmg, g prbãg sgfb ecuji ’G Aijsd‘
Aijsd‘..
G hbshg vjib pjrj rbsestën`ejs, vbkj nj hbshj ehjcbh g qub j`gntb`b;
A
A E E A E
rbjiezjnmg b tjivbz verjnmg j hàg, pges verjh qub bssj zgnj å HRE]G agrtb.
Zujnmg g prbãg vgitj ng supgrtb, jiåh mb rbjiezjr sujs vbnmjs, jhfgs verjh j
hàg b pbcjh uhj ngvj `ghprj, jprgvbetjnmg js zgnjs agrtbs qub g hbr`jmg
mbiehetgu. Jmevendj g qub j`gntb`b ng ûitehg tgqub, ï merbetj mg crê﬊`g7 EPPG!
Jiåh mb rbjiezjr iu`rgs, bibs fus`jh verjr j hàg, ajzbnmg `gh qub g prbãg
mbsjfb.
  Bssjs destðrejs sàg sð uhj agrhj mb bxbhpie﬊`jr g trjfjidg mb supgrtbs
b rbsestën`ejs nuh mjmg pbrègmg, vje huetg jiåh mb Aeiesheng b Esemgrg, qubh
hgvehbntj g hbr`jmg sàg enstetueãòbs crjnmbs, bijs uteiezjh pgseãòbs hgntjmjs
b vàg mbabnmbr essg sbhprb qub sbnterbh sbus iu`rgs jhbjãjmgs, sbnmg jsseh,
uteiezb bssj setujãàg j sbu ajvgr b sbkj uh trjmbr iu`rjtevg!
PR_GV]BP B VBPEP]ËN@EJP VGH_EMGP;
Jg sbrbh rghpemgs, uh supgrtb verj rbsestën`ej b uhj rbsestën`ej verj supgrtb.
@ghg jsseh7 _rj qubh nàg sjfb, Esemgrg å g nghb mb uhj rà qub bu `re `reg,
g, bij
vevb tbntjnmg pgr qujiqubr frb`dj mbexjmj ng tbtg gu ng `dàg, jcgrj ehjcenj
j setujãàg;

bspjãg pjrj ajãàg

﬊c.6: FFJP0 61/?6/6?:5

Nj prehberj pjssjmj, Aeiesheng rbjiezj sujs vbnmjs gu pjrtb mbijs, mbpges mg

prbãg `jer b rbspbetjr j prehberj vbz j zgnj, Bib rbjiezj tumg qub djvej `ghprjmg
b verj hàg prj vbnmj, Esemgrg qub djvej ﬊`jmg mb agrj mj gpbrjãàg mb `ghprj

(b å uh
uhj zå `iequb
pjr`eji jssuhemg)
b vgitj j vbnmbrajz
ngj suj prehberj
0» tgqub vbnmj
kuntg `ghfus`jnmg uh s`jip,
gutrgs trjmbrs qubrbjiezj
bstàg ﬊c.66
 :2
 

Jque ng jpjrtjhbntg mb :» jnmjr, age mbexjmg uh bspjãg pjrj pjssjr
mbtbrhenjmj ﬊jãàg, Esemgrg qub brj sbhprb jtrjpjidjmg pbig tbtg tgtjihbntb
ab`djmg (rbsestën`ej) pjssgu j tbr j gpgrtunemjmb mb er pjrj g jnmjr mb `ehj
pgr bssb ig`ji, cjndjnmg agrãj ng puig jtrjvås mg supgrtb. Zujnmg `gnsbcueu
`dbcjr iê, j setujãàg humgu, jcgrj bib tendj gutrg supgrtb b gutrj rbsestën`ej,
Bssj å uhj mjs setujãòbs qub hgstrjh uh supgrtb verjnmg rbsestën`ej b g
hgtevg pjrj essg, bxestbh vêregs gutrgs, hjs nàg å j entbnãàg ibvjr essg ï arbntb
jcgrj.

@GHG MBIEHE]JV RHJ [GNJ 

`ghg nj ehjcbh j sbcuer;

MB PR_GV]B B VBPEP]ËN@EJ7
Bssj å uhj mjs setujãòbs qub hgstrjh uh supgrtb verjnmg rbsestën`ej b g
hgtevg pjrj essg, bxestbh vêregs gutrgs, hjs nàg å j entbnãàg ibvjr essg ï arbntb
jcgrj.

﬊c.60 

Jsseh `ghg Esemgrg, g hbr`jmg b gs prbãgs vevbh trg`jnmg sbus pgntgs mb

supgrtb b rbsestën`ej. G hgtevg pgmb sbr bxpie`jmg mb agrhj sehpibs (nàg mb﬊nb

tumg qub j`gntb`b

pse`gigcej mb vbrmjmb, hjs å uh ðtehg pjmràg j sb pbnsjr ng ajtgr mj
mb hbr`jmg);
`ghprgu ng supgrtb

supgrtb rghpemg rbjiezgu `gh iu`rg

nj : pgseãàg hgntjmj
﬊c.62

Ibhfrjnmg qub sàg ÊVBJP mb supgrtb/rbsestën`ej, bntàg å huetg ehpgrtjntb

abz håmeg ngvg supgrtb nàg ag`jr bh uh nûhbrg bspb`è﬊`g, hjs uhj zgnj qub g prbãg pgmb rbspbetjr.
﬊c.6=
 :1
 

Qbkj hjes uh bxbhpig;

﬊c. 61

ME@JP _JVJ G_BVJV; Bspbrb g 6» `jnmib mb 2 henutgs sb ab`djr prðxehg ï

uhj êrbj mbssjs, ng 0» `jnmib vg`ë bntrj `ghprjmg ng supgrtb gu vbnmemg nj
rbsestën`ej, essg sbrvb prj rghpehbntgs mgs hbshgs tjhfåh! Jpðs g 6» `jnmib
ab`djmg jfjexg mb uh supgrtb, vbnmj `ghg sb bib kê tevbssb sb tgrnjmg uhj
rbsestën`ej. Jpðs g 6» `jnmib ab`djmg j`ehj mb uhj rbsestën`ej, `ghprb `ghg
sb bij tevbssb sb tgrnjmg uh supgrtb.
 :3
 

AJPBP MG CVÊAE@G
_rj `ghbãjr, cgstjrej mb ajijr uh pgu`g j rbspbetg mb jicg qub j`gntb`b PBH_VB
b qub kê ’prbvbkg‘ bssb tepg mb hbnsjcbh ngs crupgs qujnmg g hbr`jmg sb
`ghpgrtj mb agrhj meabrbntb.
 
_gr trjfjidjr bh ajsbs gu `e`igs, g hbr`jmg nun`j sb hjntåh sbcuenmg uh
hbshg pjmràg. Rh mej mbssbs Aeiesheng vbeg hb prg`urjr ng wdjts prj ajijr
sgfrb jicg qub g abz pbrmbr j `jfbãj;

Aeiesheng; Iuès, nàg sbe g qub tê j`gntb`bnmg, pjssbe :? mejs sbcuemgs cjndjnmg

Aeiesheng; Iuès,
b jcgrj MG NJMJ, tevb = mejs sbcuemgs mb igss, å ngrhji7 G qub ajãg7 ]ý

G CVÊAE@G
pbnsjnmg bh humjr hbu cbrbn`ejhbntg, bstrjtåcej mb gpbrjãàg, `jnb`j qub

 = •
usg prj tghjr `jaå, bt`...

Essg qub j`gntb`bu `gh Aeiesheng, j`gntb`b arbqubntbhbntb `gh vêregs

trjmbrs. Bib sb prbpjrj prj uh mbtbrhenjmg pjmràg b g gpbrj `ghg sb nàg
dguvbssb jhjndà, mjè tbh vêregs mejs mb cjen b nàg bstê prbpjrjmg prj uhj
pgssèvbi humjnãj qub g hbr`jmg prgpòb. Mjè å `ghuh guver arjsbs `ghg;

’G hbr`jmg dgkb tê huetg igu`g!‘

’Bssj RFP dgkb tj vegienjnmg cbrji!‘

B _gr jè vje... Qg`ë kê ibu essg7 Ngrhji! Pbhprb qub g hbr`jmg hgme﬊`jr suj
bstruturj mb uhj ajsb prj gutrj bssjs arjsbs bstjràg mb vgitj. _gr essg, sbcub
]gmg crê﬊`g sb hgvehbntj bh `e`igs b bssbs `e`igs hgme﬊`jh j agrhj `gh
jmejntb uh bstumg fêse`g (jenmj) ag`jmg nbssjs ajsbs b qub kê eràg hgme﬊`jr
qub fus`jhgs ngssjs gpbrjãòbs. @rbeg qub bssb sbkj g tbhj pren`epji b fjsb
HRE]G j suj agrhj mb ibeturj mg hbr`jmg.
prj tumg qub uh trjmbr prb`esj tbr prj sb tgrnjr `gnsestbntb. Qg`ë mbvb ibr g
hbr`jmg mb j`grmg `gh j ièncuj qub bib ’ajij‘. Jque `ghbãjrbhgs `gh g
Fjse`jhbntb tbrbhgs js sbcuentbs ajsbs, qub pgmbh sb jitbrnjr mb pgseãàg, hjs
FÊPE@G pjrj qub iê nj arbntb pgssjhgs ngs jprgaunmjr hjes bh `jmj uh, j
ng cbrji sbcubh jsseh;
me`j qub mgu å; ]VBENB @GHG PB PRJ QEMJ MB_BNMBPPB MEPPG!

Vghpehbntg ‐ @jnji bstrbetg - Ijtbrjiezjãàg

 :4
 

Nbssb bxbhpig mg mej ?4/?0/6?:5 (﬊c.63) ng ènme`b, vbhgs j `jrj`tbrèste`j mb uh

VGH_EHBN]G rghpehbntg mb fjnmberj, rbsuhenmg j agrhj qub j`gntb`bh gs rghpehbntgs,
vg`ë tbh;

• Vghpb uhj
uhj ijtbrjiezjãàg
ijtbrjiezjãàg (dê : `jsg qub sbrê vestg j arbntb qu
qub
b nàg sbcub essg)
Jque nàg bstjhgs ajijnmg mb uh rghpehbntg qujiqubr qub sb vë pgr jè, jqubib • Ab`djhbntg huetg
huetg agrtb, qujsb sbh pjveg nj pjrtb supbregr nj jitj gu
rghpehbntg mb tgpg gu aunmg jpbnjs pgrqub uh `jnmib uitrjpjssgu g aunmg
enabregr nj qubmj.
jntbregr. Bstjhgs ajijnmg mb uhj ajsb bh qub g hbr`jmg rghpb jicuhj
ijtbrjiezjãàg b pjrtb ’sbh arbeg‘
arbeg‘ bh uhj merbãàg, bssj ajsb å huetg pjrb`emj `gh
Jcgrj, jhpiejnmg uh pgu`g hjes g dgrezgntb sgfrb rghpehbntgs, hgstrjrbe
j ajsb sbcuentb ’`jnji bstrbetg‘,
bstrbetg‘, hjs pgmbhgs embnte﬊`ê-ig aj`eihbntb pgr ve
verr nj
jicuns hghbntgs mj AJPB rghpehbntg;
hjegrej mjs vbzbs jpðs uhj ijtbrjiezjãàg, sbkj bij jhpij gu bstrbetj.

Pbcub uh bxbhpig mb rghpehbntg, gnmb tbhgs uhj fjnmberj b igcg mbpges

vbhgs uh pjmràg huetg agrtb, rghpbnmg bssj ijtbrjiezjãàg (tgmj fjnmberj å
uhj ijtbrjiezjãàg b å jè qub js `gesjs sb bn`jexjh, j fjnmberj vbh prb`bmbnmg
g rghpehbntg, qujnmg bib j`gntb`b, j fjnmberj å rbjihbntb `gn﬊curjmj,
qujnmg bssb rghpehbntg nàg vbh, j fjnmberj sb tgrnj jpbnjs uhj ijtbrjiezjãàg
`ghuh);

rghpehbntg

`gntenujãàg
ijtbrjiezjãàg
AJPB mb rghpehbntg

﬊c.63 ènme`b ?4/?0/6?:5 ﬊c. 64 ènme`b ?4/?0/6?:5

 :5
 

Hjr`jmgs `gh vbrhbidg rghpehbntgs mb fjexj b mb vbrmb gs rghpehbntgs

mb jitj. Bh tgmgs bssbs `jsgs, tbhgs uhj `jrj`tbrèste`j sehpibs; ng hêxehg,
tbhgs : fjrrj `gntrj g hgvehbntg, gu sbkj, g prbãg qujsb nàg ajz puiifj`ls, å
j ajsb hjes agrtb mb tgmg g hbr`jmg. B mjè bu kê mbexg j me`j;

NÀG G_BVB @GN]VJ AGV]BP VGH_EHBN]GP.

@JNJI BP]VBE]G
Ajsb `jrj`tbrezjmj pgr uh agrtb hgvehbntg, huetg pjrb`emg `gh g rghpehbntg,
AJPB mb rghpehbntg `gh j meabrbnãj mb qub pgmbh g`grrbr pbqubngs puiifj`ls, mb 6 gu 0 fjrrjs
nj hjegrej mgs `jsgs, tjhfåh nàg vjib j pbnj gpbrjr `gntrj bibs, sjej agrj

b bspbrb gutrj gpgrtunemjmb, gu j`ghpjndb g hgvehbntg, hjes ï arbntb nj

sbquën`ej mb jpgsteijs vgu bnsenjr `ghg gpbrjr `jmj uh mbibs.

﬊c. 65 ènme`b ?3/?0/6?:5

rghpehbntg `jnji bstrbetg

AJPB mb rghpehbntg

﬊c. 0?. ènme`b 64/?6/6?:5 ﬊c.0: mðijr ?1/?0/6?:5


Qbkjh qub nbssj ehjcbh (﬊c. 0:) mg mðijr mb ?1/?0/6?:5 tbhgs uhj trjnseãàg
mg rghpehbntg (Qbrmb) pjrj
pjrj uh `jnji bstrbetg (`enzj) (qub nàg mbexj mb tbr uh
rghpehbntg entbrnjhbntb), `ghg g hbr`jmg abz uh puiifj`l mb 0 `jnmibs,
pgmbhgs `gnsembrjr qub g rghpehbntg j`jfgu b pjssjhgs pjrj uhj ajsb mb
`jnji bstrbetg.
﬊c.06 mðijr 64/?6/6?:5
Nbssb bxbhpig tbhgs uh `jnji bstrbetg bncigfjnmg uhj pjrtb gnmb tèndjhgs
uh rghpehbntg, j ajsb humgu jsseh qub g puiifj`l `gh 0 `jnmibs j`gntb`bu.
Qbkjh qub bh jhfgs gs `jsgs, `jnji bstrbetg b rghpehbntg, tbhgs `jnmibs
agrtbs j ajvgr mj tbnmën`ej. Pb vg`ë `gigrer gs `jnmibs mj agrhj hgstrjmj nj :ª
jpgsteij, vbrê qub j agrãj bstê qujsb qub tgtjihbntb vgitjmj prj uh mgs ijmgs,
bssj å hjes uhj `jrj`tbrèste`j bh `ghuh bntrb gs mges.
6?
IJ]BVJIE[JÃÀG JH_IJ
_gssg ajijr qub bssj sbrej j ajsb bh qub hjes guãg; ’’g
g hbr`jmg tê igu`ggg!‘, pgr
nàg tbr uh `jhendg mbtbrhenjmg, gu pgr bstjr sbcuenmg `gh puiifj`ls huetg
crjnmbs, bssj ajsb pjrb`b qub sð qubr fus`jr sbu stgp prj sbcuer j sbu ajvgr, bij
å `jrj`tbrezjmj pgr huetgs pjmròbs mb treæncuig, `undj, wbmcb, bt`.
Mbntrg mb uhj ijtbrjiezjãàg jhpij pgmbhgs tbr rghpehbntgs, å g `jsg ajijmg
jntbregrhbntb gnmb g rghpehbntg jpjrb`b sbh rghpbr uhj ijtbrjiezjãàg, bib
å HRE]G `ghuh nbssj ajsb, ajzbnmg `gh qub g hbr`jmg ﬊qub nbssb pjmràg
’igu`g‘,, pges bib
’igu`g‘ b ib jpjrb`b prj jhfgs gs ijmgs, sbh hgstrjr uhj mb﬊neãàg `ijrj.
﬊c. 00 mðijr 6:/?6/6?:5
Nbssb bxbhpig mg mðijr mb 6:/?6/6?:5 ng crê﬊`g mb :2hen, tbhgs uh bxbhpig
mb uhj ijtbrjiezjãàg jhpij, entbrnjhbntb j bij, tbhgs rghpehbntgs b `jnjes
bstrbetgs pjrj jhfgs gs ijmgs, g hbr`jmg nàg tbh uhj tbnmën`ej gu `jhendg
`ijrgs, sbnmg jsseh, sb vg`ë `ghprj gu vbnmb ng hbeg mg `jhendg, tbh huetj
`djn`b mb sbr jicuåh `ghg Aeiesheng ng ﬊nji mg prbcàg. G embji nbssbs mejs
å `ghprjr supgrtb b vbnmbr rbsestën`ej, mbsmb qub sbkjh js zgnjs iehetbs mj
crjnmb ijtbrjiezjãàg.
ijtbrjiezjãàg. Nàg `uipb g hbr`jmg, `uipb vg`ë pgr nàg tbr bstumjmg g
fjstjntb gs hgvehbntgs qub bib ajz!
 6:
 

IJ]BVJIE[JÃÀG BP]VBE]J

﬊c.0=

Bh tgmgs bssbs `jsgs tbhgs ijtbrjiemjmbs bstrbetjs, gnmb g prbãg sb hgvb prj

`ehj b prj fjexg sbh huetjs `djn`bs mb su`bssg pjrj qujiqubr uh mgs ijmgs,
nbssj ajsb sghbntb s`jipbrs `gnsbcubh terjr jicuh mendberg. Rhj ijtbrjiemjmb
bstrbetj pgmb ver agrhjnmg uhj fjnmberj, uh treæncuig pbqubng, wbmcb, bt`,
﬊c. 01 ènme`b ?5/?0/6?:5
sbnmg jsseh, bij cbrjihbntb prb`bmb uh agrtb rghpehbntg. J`gnsbidg bspbrjr
g pjmràg mb rghpehbntg prj `ghbãjr j gpbrjr b fus`jr iu`rgs rbjes.

Qbkjh bxbhpigs gnmb uhj ijtbrjiemjmb bstrbetj su`bmbu uh rghpehbntg; Cbrjihbntb g pjmràg å sbhprb g hbshg;

]bhg uhj IJ]BVJIEMJMB BP]VBE]J, qub å rghpemj jtrjvås mg VGH_EHBN]G,

qub nj hjegrej mjs vbzbs sb trjnsagrhj nuh @JNJI BP]VBE]G, jtå qub js
agrãjs sb bqueiefrjh nuhj IJ]BVJIEMJMB JH_IJ, qub å rghpemj...

Bssb `jpètuig hgstrj prj vg`ës g FÊPE@G sgfrb bssbs pjmròbs, enme`g j vg`ës
agrtbhbntb prg`urjr ibr gs ievrgs mg Aiêveg Ibhgs b mg Ji Frggls. Nbibs vg`ës
pgmbràg sb jprgaunmjr hjes sgfrb essg, hjs ﬊qubh nj `brtbzj mb qub erbhgs
vgitjr b hgstrjr tumg jque ’teh teh pgr teh teh‘.
teh‘.

﬊c.02 mðijr ?3/?0/6?:5

 66
 

BTBV@È@EGP
]VBENBH HRE]G EPPG! Pbcubh jicuns crê﬊`gs bs`gidemgs heiehbtre`jhbntb
prj trbenjr vg`ës, pbãg qub uteiezbh g hbshg pjmràg pjrj fus`jr gutrgs heidòbs
mb crê﬊`gs b sb jpbrabeãgjr nbssj JV]B IENMJ! Pbkjh jpjexgnjmgs pgr essg b g
unevbrsg idbs trjrê g rbtgrng!

Pecjh g pjmràg;

Vghpehbntg mb JI]J @jnji BP]VBE]G

Vghpehbntg mb FJETJ Ijtbrjiezjãàg BP]VBE]J

J ijtbrjiezjãàg jhpij mbexbe mb agrj pges g`upjrej huetg bspjãg pjrj `gig`j-ij
mbntrg mb uh rbtæncuig, fusqubh pgr bijs bh crê﬊`gs nj suj prðprej tbij!
 60
 

VB]VJÃÒBP MB 2?%
Iuès, vg`ë vje ajijr sgfrb Aefgnj``e7 Nàg! Nbssb hghbntg bstjrbhgs ajijnmg
bx`iusevjhbntb mb jicg qub tbh aunmjhbntgs hjtbhête`gs rbjes, ng sbntemg
mb pgseãòbs hgntjmjs b gnmb g Ves`g T Vbtgrng prj qujiqubr envbstemgr å
babtevg, sbnmg jsseh, bssj zgnj mb 2?% j`jfj sbnmg j hjes agrtb b rbntêvbi mb
tgmjs. Qg`ë bntbnmbrê g hgtevg njs iendjs sbcuentbs...

Gs _ijybrs crjnmbs sbhprb tëh bh hbntb j bqujãàg mg trjmbr g hjes

fjijn`bjmj pgssèvbi pjrj qub sbu rbijtðreg tbndj cjndgs bstjtèste`gs b nàg
sghbntb ﬊njn`berg. Pbnmg jsseh, g res`g T rbtgrng x prgfjfeiemjmb mbs`retg nj
aðrhuij jfjexg å j fjsb pjrj sujs gpbrjãòbs, vbkj;

2• VB]VJÃÒBP
VB]GVNG T % J@BV]G > VEP@G T % BVVGP

Pbnmg jsseh, jg ajzbr pjrtb mb uhj tbnmën`ej, gnmb bij tb mê jprgxehjmjhbntb

B CJ_P
1?% mb j`brtg, j rbtrjãàg mb 2?% tbh en`ienjãàg huetg hjes pgsetevj pgr bstjr
nuh pgntg gnmb res`g b rbtgrng sàg ecujes, vbkj;

VB]GVNG

Mjnmg `gntenuemjmb jg ngssg prgkbtg, mjrbhgs enè`eg jg bstumg mb ’Vbtrjãòbs 2?%

mb 2?%‘ b ’Cjps entrjmjy‘. Jhfgs pgmbh tb hgstrjr pgssèvbes pgntgs mb
rbjiezjãàg gu bntrjmjs bh pgssèvbes ’supgrt
’supgrtbs‘
bs‘ mbiehetjmgs pbigs `ghprjmgrbs
gu vbnmbmgrbs. VEP@G

Qjhgs bntbnmbr hbidgr sgfrb essg.

﬊c. 03 ènme`b :2/?0/6?:5

 6=
 

Nbssj rbtrjãàg mg mej :2/?0, tbhgs g bxbhpig `ijrg qub; `ghprjnmg nj rbtrjãàg
mb 2?%, g res`g b g rbtgrng pjrj `ghprjmgrbs b vbnmbmgrbs å ecuji, pbnsjnmg
ng stgp tå`ne`g j`ehj mg tgpg gu aunmg jntbregr, sbnmg jsseh, j bqujãàg ﬊`jrej
mj sbcuentb agrhj;
VB]GVNG T % J@BV]G > VEP@G T % BVVGP
3??pt x 1?% > 3?? x =?%
Nbssb `jsg (﬊c. 04), vbhgs pbij ûitehj zgnj rbspbetjmj ng enè`eg mg mej b ngs
mejs jntbregrbs, uhj zgnj mb supgrtb qub age bstumjmj bh `jpètuigs jntbregrbs,
sghjmj ï embej mj rbtrjãàg, bssj zgnj tbh mupij agrãj j ajvgr mj `ghprj.
PR_GV]B + HÅMEJ HÐQBI + VB]VJÃÀG
V B]VJÃÀG

Bssj sbrej j prbhessj fêse`j mj uteiezjãàg mbssj rbtrjãàg, nàg bstgu ajijnmg
qub vg`ë mbvb sbcuer stgp b cjen bxjtjhbntb ecujes, hjs vg`ë mbvb prbstjr
huetj jtbnãàg qujnmg bstevbr pgse`egnjmg b uhj rbtrjãàg mb 2?% bstevbr bh
sbu `jhendg, gu qujnmg bstê agrj mb gpbrjãàg b vë uhj fgj gpgrtunemjmb 2?%
PR_GV]B + HÅMEJ HÐQBI + VB]VJÃÀGMB 2?%
jpjrb`bnmg bh 2?% mb rbtrjãàg. G jivg mb uhj rbtrjãàg mb 2?% bstjrê sbhprb
ng tgpg/aunmg jntbregr, sbnmg jsseh, cbrjihbntb g jivg å fbh ibcji prj uh
pgssèvbi stgp mb ¸ mg tjhjndg mg jivg. Qbkjhgs fgns bxbhpigs pjrj uteiezjr
bssj abrrjhbntj j sbu ajvgr;

﬊c. 05 ènme`b :0/?0/6?:5

PR_GV]B + VB]VJÃÀG
Nbssb bxbhpig (﬊c. 05), tbhgs j sghj mb 0 ajtgrbs pjrj sbcurjr g prbãg. J
gpbrjãàg ﬊`j huetg hjes ’sbcurj‘. Jicuns pgmbh pbrcuntjr; Zuji j håmej
hðvbi7 ]jntg ajz! Bu uteiezg j mb 6? gu 0= pbrègmgs bxpgnbn`eji, hjs essg nàg
ehpgrtj huetg nbssb sbntemg, bs`gidj j qub hjes idb jcrjmjr.

PR_GV]B + HÅMEJ HÐQBI

2?%
PR_GV]B + VB]VJÃÀG MB 2?%

2?%

﬊c.04 ènme`b :2/?0/6?:5 ﬊c. =? ènme`b :6/?0/6?:5

 62
 

_rg`urb sb ajheiejrezjr `gh bssj rbtrjãàg, uteiezb sb pgssèvbi 6??, 0??, =?? crê﬊`gs
meabrbntbs b vbkj g qujntg å b﬊`jz g sbu usg, jsseh vg`ë cjndjrê `gn﬊jnãj ng
mej j mej gnmb bssj rbtrjãàg jpjrb`br
jpjrb`br..
CJ_P EN]VJMJU
@rbeg qub bssb age uh mgs tbhjs hjes pbmemgs b `gh hjes mûvemjs mbntrb gs
Ibhfrjnmg qub essg sbrvb prj qujiqubr crê﬊`g gu jtevg, vbkjh jicuns `jsgs
mbssj rbtrjãàg bh jãòbs, sbkjh bh crê﬊`gs mb tbhpg `urtg gu mb tbhpg hjes qub kê `ghbntbe jg vevg, pren`epjihbntb pbij emåej prå `gn`betujmj pbij hjegrej
mb qub cjps sð jpjrb`bh bh zgnjs qub g prbãg nàg age nbcg`ejmg. Hjs j embej
igncg;
mb cjps nbssb `jsg sbrej; ]gmj mestæn`ej bntrb uh supgrtb b uhj rbsestën`ej.

Nàg enmg huetg jaunmg nessg b fus`jnmg sbr g hjes prête`g pgssèvbi, fus`jrbe
2?%
jque bxbhpie﬊`jr uh mgs tepgs mb cjps entrjmjy qub hjes uteiezg pjrj fus`jr
jivgs gu pgssèvbi bntrjmj bh gpbrjãòbs qujnmg bstàg bh `gnkuntg `gh gutrgs
enme`jmgrbs qub uteiezg pjrj bntrjmj.

Erbe `gn`betujr bssb cjp `ghg g ’ CJ_ mb 0 `jnmibs‘, vg`ë vje pbnsjr sbhprb
nuhj sbquën`ej mb 0 `jnmibs pjrj mb﬊ne-ig b g cjp sbrê j mestæn`ej bntrb g :» b
g 0» `jnmib (`gnsembrjnmg pjveg), ecngrjnmg g 6». Qbkj;
﬊c. =: QJIB0 sbt-gut-ngv (meêreg)

Bssb å uh crê﬊`g mj vjib (﬊c. =:) mg hës mb Pbt/Gut, bij `jeu b vgitgu prj fus`jr
j rbtrjãàg mb 2?% jntbs mb `jer mb ngvg pjrj sbu jivg.
0

6
2?%

CJ_
﬊c. =6 FFJP0 64/?6/6?:5

Bssb å g crê﬊`g mb :D mj FFJP0 mb :0/?6 ï :5/?6, vbkjh `ghg fus`gu j rbtrjãàg :

b age ng jivg igcg mbpges.

﬊c. =0 mðijr :0/?0/6?:5

 61
 

Jcgrj nuh crê﬊`g mb :D mj FFJP0 Qbkj gnmb tbrèjhgs CJ_P; Jicuns cjps ng mðijr bh qubmj (:2/?0/:5);

:
6

﬊c.== FFJP0 ?4 b ::/?0/:5 ﬊c. =2 mðijr :2/?0/6?:5

Nbssb `jsg, tevbhgs g prehberg cjp pbqubng njs prehberjs fjrrjs bnuhbrjmjs b
mbpges uh crjnmb cjp, `jusjmg pbij mestæn`ej mb vêregs `jnmibs bh
b h sbquën`ej,
jfrenmg jsseh uhj crjnmb agrãj mb jitj b uh crjnmb cjp qub prgvjvbihbntb
sbrê ab`djmg bh jicuh hghbntg.

CJ_P @GHG JIQG

Bu `gstuhg uteiezjr cjps jfbrtgs `ghg pgssèvbes jivgs mg prbãg qujnmg bstgu

pgse`egnjmg, pges njqubib ig`ji sbhprb tbhgs agrãj mb `ghprj gu vbnmj, sbnmg
jsseh, å uhj zgnj hjes meaè`ei mb sbr rghpemj, vbkjh;
 63
 

AB@DJNMG CVJNMB CJ_

CJ_ JFBV]G [GNJ MB VBJIE[JÃÀG

﬊c. =1 mðijr :=/?0/6?:5

Nbssb crê﬊`g mg mðijr bh :=/?0, tbhgs uhj pgssèvbi rbjiezjãàg ng ab`djhbntg

mb
2?%cjp, jiåh+messg,
+ Cjp bssj, qubr
Pupgrtb sbrejhjes
uhj g quë7 bntrjmj, sghjnmg; Håmej + Vbtrjãàg
pgssèvbi

@gstuhg uteiezjr cjps mg crê﬊`g mb 1? henutgs pjrj rbjiezjãòbs, jsseh tbndg ﬊c. =4 ènme`b 6?/?6/6?:5
pgssèvbes jivgs hjes igncgs, g pjmràg å sbhprb g hbshg, fjstj gidjr j sbquën`ej
mb 0 `jnmibs b bspjãgs jfbrtgs bntrb g : b g 0.

Qbkjh hjes jicuns bxbhpigs mb Cjps bh crê﬊`gs b igcg mbpges mbexjrbe jicuns
bxbr`è`egs pjrj qub vg`ës trbenbh essg, `ghg sbhprb mecg, vê bh fus`j mb hjes
sbhprb! Jsseh j pbrabeãàg ﬊`j `jmj vbz hjes pbrtg!

﬊c. =5 mðijr :0/?0/6?:5

Jcgrj å `gntecg! Bn`gntrb gs cjps jfbrtgs b `ghpibtb-gs jsseh `ghg

﬊c. =3 ènme`b :0 b :=/?0/6?:5 mbhgnstrjmg njs ﬊curjs jntbregrbs.
 64
 

BTBV@È@EGP
 65
 

P]G_P
_rj sb tbr uhj embej, bssb jssuntg å trjtjmg pgr huetgs trjmbrs `ghg g hjes

ehpgrtjntb
ngssjs mb tgmgs.
gpbrjãòbs, G hgtevg
nencuåh mbvbågpbrjr
sehpibs,
sbhtgmgs mbvbhgs
jicuh ngs
stgp b jg prgtbcbr
hbshg bh
tbhpg
bib sb tgrnj g hjegr hbmg mgs ene`ejntbs qub sbhprb pbnsjh b sb pbrcuntjh;

’@ghg bu bvetjrej hbus stgps7‘

Jg pbnsjr essg vg`ë bstê ajmjmg jg arj`jssg, pges ]GMJ bstrjtåcej, pgr hbidgr
qub sbkj, tbh sbu ènme`b mb j`brtg b mb brrg tjhfåh. Mjè kê sbcub; MBP@GNAEB
mb qujiqubr bstrjtåcej qub tb prghbtb 5? j :??% mb j`brtg.

P]G_P
Bntàg g hbidgr å mbs`gfrer gnmb bstjràg gs stgps b quji sbrej g tjhjndg

1• mbibs, jsseh vg`ë sb prgtbcb b jg hbshg tbhpg ﬊`j hbngs prbg`upjmg `gh
pgssèvbes vegienjmjs.

P]G_P ]Å@NE@GP
Bssb å g hjes prgtbcemg stgp qub sb pgmb tbr b nj hjegrej mjs vbzbs tjhfåh
å g hjes ’`jrg‘. _gr essg pgu`js pbssgjs uteiezjh, vesjnmg juhbntjr j hàg b
`gig`jr uh stgp hjes `urtg prj `ghpbnsjr, bibs j`jfjh tghjnmg 0, = stgps
sbcuemgs pbqubngs mb :?? pgntgs pgr bxbhpig, hjs nàg supgrtjh j emåej mb
pbrmbr 0?? pgntgs bh uh ûne`g.

Giê, jhecgs mg Aðrhuij mg trjmbr,

trjmbr, tumg fbh7 Iuès Nbry jque!
Mjnmg `gntenuemjmb jg ngssg prgkbtg, mjrbhgs enè`eg jg bstumg mb ’ P]G_P‘.
Qjhgs ag`jr bh meabrbntbs agrhjs mb stgp pjrj qub bn`gntrbhgs jqubib qub
hbidgr sb bn`jexj jg sbu pbr﬊i b tjhfåh jg sbu fgisg.
Nbssj jpgsteij, ag`jrbhgs fbh j pjrtb mgs pgse`egnjhbntgs mb stgps tå`ne`gs
b jfgrmjrbhgs essg bh uh vèmbg.
J prehberj prbhessj nbssb sbntemg å ehjcenjr qub rbjihbntb nàg vjib j pbnj tbr
uh stgp mb uh tjhjndg qub vg`ë nàg `gnsbcub ibvjr uh trjmb j ajvgr, sbnmg
jsseh, sbu stgp hjes igncg mbvb sbr uh pgu`g hbngr mg qub j suj gpbrjãàg
hjes igncj.
Bxbhpig;
Pb vg`ë nun`j abz uh trjmb mb :6 pgntgs ng mðijr, vg`ë nàg mbvb tbr uh stgp
mb :? j :6 pgntgs nbib.
 0?
 

Bntàg qubr mezbr qub sb bu sð `gnsecg 0 pgntgs mb jivg, mbvg tbr uh stgp
hbngr qub essg7 Peh! Hjs 0 pgntgs mb stgp ng mðijr dgkb bh mej å qujsb j
hbshj `gesj mb kgcjr mendberg agrj, bntàg vjhgs pbnsjr nj hbidgr mjs agrhjs
mb stgp qub pgmbhgs tbr prj vg`ë jque, `brtg7
`b rtg7
BTBH_IGP MB P]G_P ]Å@NE@GP B PRJP VBIJÃÒBP @GH PBRP JIQGP;
+ ==? _]P
JIQG HÈNEHG
j`brtg (1? j 3?%) b `gh jivgs rbijtevjhbntb fgns. G rbnlg mê fgjs gpãòbs
nbssb sbntemg, ajijrbe jenmj nbssj jpgsteij mb gutrgs tepgs mb stgp qub pgmbh sbr
usjmgs prj qubh jenmj nàg tbh `gnmeãòbs mb stgps tå`ne`gs crjnmbs.
Dê tjhfåh stgps tå`ne`gs hbngrbs, sbnmg jsseh, vg`ë pgmb ag`jr jpbnjs bh
gpbrjãòbs `gh bibs, sbrej g hjes enme`jmg. Bibs jpjrb`bh pren`epjihbntb j ajvgr
mb tbnmën`ejs b bh bntrjmjs prðxehjs j tgpgs mupigs, supgrtbs b rbsestën`ejs,
håmej hðvbi< Gu nuhj pgssèvbi rbvbrsàg mb tbnmën`ej, sbhprb prðxehgs j
pgssèvbes supgrtbs b rbsestën`ejs.
- 62? _]P
P]G_ ]Å@NE@G - ]G_G MR_IG + VBPEP]ËN@EJ
QBNMJ (AB@DJHBN]G MG @JNMIB)

@GH_VJ
(AB@DJHBN]G MG @JNMIB) JIQG - ARNMG JN]BVEGV
+ =?? _]P
﬊c.2:. ènme`b 66/?0/6?:5
P]G_ ]Å@NE@G
- ==? _]P Nbssb `jsg, tbrèjhgs uh stgp mb 62? pgntgs, jtrês mb jhfgs gs tgpgs, b uh
﬊c. 2? ènme`b 66/?0/6?:5
jivg huetg fgh, mb 6 j 6,2x g vjigr mg stgp.
]bhgs nbssb bxbhpig (﬊c. 2?), uh jivg ecuji jg sbu stgp, sbnmg jsseh, tbhgs
uh Ves`g x Vbtgrng mb :;:, bssb å g hènehg j`betêvbi mbntrg mb uhj gpbrjãàg. Jcgrj vbkj uh brrg huetg `ghuh qujnmg sb pbnsj bh stgp tå`ne`g;
Zuji hgtevg mg stgp nbssb ig`ji7 Å g aunmg jntbregr hjes prðxehg, jiåh mb P]G_
tbrhgs 6 fjrrjs agrtbs mb `ghprj nj hbshj zgnj, prgtbcbnmg hbidgr g stgp. QBNMJ
Nbssb `jsg g tjhjndg mg stgp sbrej mb ==? pgntgs< Crjnmb mbhjes, nå7 _gmb
jtå sbr, hjs sbrej g ûne`g stgp prgtbcemg mb vbrmjmb, hbshg qub g prbãg
vgitjssb, bib sbrej j suj prgtbãàg hjes rbji, jiåh mb tbr ibvjmg j uh trjmb mb 6;:,
`gh 44? pgntgs mb cjen jprgxehjmjhbntb.

Iuès, g stgp tå`ne`g ﬊`j huetg `jrg prj heh, g qub mbvg ajzbr/pbnsjr7

Pb vg`ë jenmj nàg tbh bstruturj prj bib, `ghb`b tbstjnmg b bstumjnmg essg
ngs rbpijys b sehuijmgr, nj `gntj rbji fusqub bstrjtåcejs `gh fgns ènme`bs mb ﬊c. 26 ènme`b 66/?0/6?:5
 0:
 

Bssb (﬊c.26) nàg sbrej uh bxbhpig mb stgp tåne`g. _gmbrej sbr ﬊njn`berg, hjs g
ajtgr tå`ne`g `grrb igncb. G Crê﬊`g vendj mb uhj jitj agrtb b ajz g prehberg senji
mb rbvbrsàg, `jmë gutrg ajtgr mb prgtbãàg jè7 Bssb å g stgp uteiezjmg pbij hjegrej
P]G_P AENJN@BEVGP
qub uteiezj jpbnjs ﬊curjs crê﬊`js. Nàg å brrjmg, hjs nàg å :??% tå`ne`g! Gidjr
G stgp ﬊njn`berg, `ghg g prðpreg nghb mez, trjz prj cbntb uh vjigr bstehjmg mb
g crê﬊`g pjrjmg b vbnmg g qub j`gntb`bu mbpges ﬊`j aê`ei, hjs ng cbrji, bssb
pgmbrej sbr uh bxbhpig mb vegienjmj.
ve gienjmj. pbrmj `jsg g hbr`jmg vê `gntrj j ngssj gpbrjãàg. Pbnmg jsseh, bib å bstehjmg
mb j`grmg `gh g vjigr iehetb qub vg`ë mbtbrhenj pgr trjmb. Å mb igncb g hjes
uteiezjmg pgr tgmgs b tjivbz pgr essg tjntjs pbssgjs fus`jh g prbãg håmeg,
 kustjhbntb pgr bstjrbh `jnsjmjs mb tjntj vegienjmj b kê `ghbãj j pbnsjr qub
QEGIENGGGGG _J_JE!!! tgmg stgp sbrê uhj.

P]G_ EN@GVVB]G
G embji pjrj sb uteiezjr nbssb stgp sbrej jiåh mb sjfbr g tjhjndg mb igss qub
QBNMJ
vg`ë jcubntj pgr mej, tbr tjhfåh uhj bstrjtåcej fbh `ji`uijmj bh rbijãàg j
Ptgp x Cjen x _rgfjfeiemjmb.

J me`j qub mgu å fus`jr ajzbr fj`ltbsts mb bstrjtåcejs ehjcenjnmg sbhprb

uh vjigr mb igss b mb cjen mbtbrhenjmgs, mbpges tbstjr essg ng rbpijy b vbr j
jpie`jfeiemjmb. Nàg ﬊qub sð nj pijneidj, tbstb essg bh rbpijy b mbpges mb uh
tbhpendg, vê prj `gntj rbji. Pb vg`ë bn`gntrjr uhj bstrjtåcej qub tbh 1? j 3?%
@DGVJMBEVJ mb j`brtg, `gh res`g x rbtgrng mb :;: gu hjes, bssj bstrjtåcej sbrê vbn`bmgrj b
vg`ë tjhfåh!
﬊c.20 ènme`b 6:/?0/6?:5

Bxbhpigs mb stgps ﬊njn`bergs;

Bssb (﬊c.20) sbrej uh bxbhpig `ijrg mb vegienjmj, uteiezjnmg jpbnjs j ﬊curj b • 2 pgntgs ng mðijr prj `jmj `gntrjtg 8 V$ 2?,??
sbh jnjiesjr g `gntbxtg. • :2? pgntgs ng ènme`b prj `jmj `gntrjtg 8 V$ 0?,??
• ?,:2 bh jãòbs pjrj `jmj :?? jãòbs 8 :2,??
Ajzbnmg uh frbvb rbsuhg;
B mjè vje uhj emåej prj vg`ës, qub tji tbstjr stgps tå`ne`gs b trjmbs `gh jivgs
’Ptgp ]å`ne`g å jqubib qub vg`ë uteiezj mb uh gu hjes ajtgrbs crê﬊`gs pjrj
`ji`uijmgs njs jãòbs7 Rh stgp tå`ne`g bh jicuhjs Fiub @deps vàg mb ?,:2 j
fus`jr j hjegr prgtbãàg pgssèvbi, juhbntjnmg jsseh j suj prgfjfeiemjmb mbntrg
?,02< Pbnmg jsseh, `gh :?? jãòbs vg`ë tbrê uh stgp hêxehg mb 02 rbjes! Å sð
mb uh trjmb‘. (Nbry, Iuès)
uhj me`j, nàg pjrtjh prj essg nj sbcunmj aberj sbh jntbs trbenjr b vbr sb js sujs
bstrjtåcejs aun`egnjh iê!
G jssuntg P]G_ ]Å@NE@G sbrê jfgrmjmg
jfgrmjmg hjes ï arbntb njs jpgsteijs, ï hbmemj
qub agrbh jvjnãjnmg ng tjhjndg mgs sbus cjens bu erbe trjzbnmg hjes
ngvemjmbs j rbspbetg mbib.
 06
 

P]G_P HBEG J HBEG BTBV@È@EGP

Pbcubh jcgrj vêregs crê﬊`gs gnmb vg`ë `gig`jrê sbtjs mb vbrhbidg ng pgssèvbi
Å jqubib stgp qub nàg å tgtjihbntb tå`ne`g b vg`ë pbnsj ng ﬊njn`berg jg stgp, Jzui nj pgssèvbi bntrjmj b jhjrbig nj zgnj mb rbjiezjãàg. Ajrbe j `grrbãàg
bh vèmbg, hgstrjnmg hjes sgfrb bssj jpgsteij!
`gig`jr. Bssb tjivbz sbkj g pegr mb tgmgs, vestg qub j vegienjmj `gntenuj eehenbntb
henbntb
b vg`ë jenmj `grrb g res`g mb uh vjigr ﬊njn`berg hjegr qujnmg g tghj. Nàg
bntrjrbe bh mbtjidbs, hjs vgu `etjr uh bxbhpig;

• Ptgp tå`ne`g sbrej mb 02? p

pgntgs;
gntgs; ’ kê sbe! Qgu `gig`jr uh stgp mb 62
62?,
?, jsseh
pbr`g sð 2? pgr `gntrjtg, nàg hb hj`du`j tjntg b ﬊`g fbh hjes prgtbcemg
qub :2?!‘

Bntrjrbe bh hjes mbtjidbs pjrj stgps njs jpgsteijs hjes ï arbntb, pgr bnqujntg,
trbenbh fjstjntb pgssèvbes stgps ng crê﬊`g, bibs sàg gs hjegrbs mbtbrhenjntbs
mb qubh verj b qubh nàg `gnsbcub verjr j `djvb!
 00
 
 0=
 

Hjnmbh sbus mbsbndgs ng crupg, `ghpjrteidb prj qub pgssjhgs vbr g trjfjidg
babtevjhbntb j`gntb`bnmg! Jtå j prðxehj!
 02
 

G_BVJNMG
RH VGH_EHBN]G
AJPB VGH_EHBN]G
Jntbs mb tumg, nbssj ajsb mg hbr`jmg bu mbexg j hbnsjcbh prj vg`ës; NÀG
G_BVB @GN]VJ! Pb g prbãg bstê sufenmg, NRN@J vbnmj, sb bib bstê `jenmg,
NRN@J `ghprb. Mbssj agrhj vg`ë b`gnghezjrê uhj fgj crjnj b pgmbrê
envbster mj hbidgr agrhj mbntrg mb sbus trjmbs.
t rjmbs.
Qg`ë ibhfrj js `jrj`tbrèste`js mbssj ajsb7 Qjhgs rbibhfr
rbibhfrjr
jr uh pgu`g b en`iuer
jicuns mbtjidbs;

3• VGH_EHBN]GP
• Fjrrjs agrtbs mb tbnmën`ej.
• Ng hêxehg : fjrrj `gntrêrej.
• Pupgrtbs b rbsestën`ejs aajidjh
jidjh bh 4?% mjs tbntjtevjs `gntrj
`gntrj tbnmën`ej (essg
hbshg, j % envbrtb b bibs pjssjh j nàg tbr huetj ehpgrtæn`ej qujnmg
bstàg `gntrj j tbnmën`ej mg rghpehbntg).
• _gmbh j`gntb`br mbntrg mb ijtbrjiemjmbs jhpijs.
• Å j ajsb hjes agrtb mb tgmjs.
• Ene`ejh b ﬊njiezjh tbnmën`ejs.
• Jprbsbntjh Cjps.
• J hjegrej mgs rghpehbntgs ajidjh.
Jicuns bxbhpigs;

Nbssb `jpètuig mjrbhgs enè`eg jg bstumg mj ajsb ’ VGH_EHBN]G‘. Qjhgs

jprbnmbr js hbidgrbs agrhjs mb sb gpbrjr uh rghpehbntg b `ghg sb prgtbcbr
`grrbtjhbntb. Ibhfrbh-sb qub uhj ajsb rghpehbntg å jqubij bh qub vg`ë
`gnsbcub cjndjr j hjegr qujntemjmb mb pgntgs pgr gpbrjãàg b tjhfåh å
jqubij qub qubfrj j hjegrej mjs `gntjs mb qubh nàg sjfb gpbrê-ij, mb quji
ijmg vg`ë qubr bstjr7
﬊c.2= ènme`b ?2/?=/6?:5

Nbssb bxbhpig (﬊c. 2=) bh ?2/?=/6?:5 ng ènme`b, tbhgs uhj ajsb rghpehbntg,
vbkj qub mbpges mj prehberj fjrrj pgsetevj tevbhgs ng hêxehg : fjrrj `gntrêrej,
agrhjnmg vêrejs pjusjr (fjnmberjs) pbig `jhendg, hjs sbh jprbsbntjr uhj
agrãj rbji `gntrj.
﬊c.22 mðijr ?:/?=/6?:5
Nbssb `jsg, tbhgs g mðijr bh ?:/?=/6?:5, mbpges mj prehberj fjrrj mb vbnmj,
tevbhgs jpbnjs : fjrrj `gntrêrej b uhj pjusj ng `jhendg (mgke) qub sbrej uhj
’he`rg fjnmberj‘.
Jcgrj vjhgs ï hbidgr pjrtb, `ghg gpbrjr essg7 @ghg ajzbr mendberg `gh bssj
`gesj ienmj7
:» G_BVB _BZRBNG! G jivg `ghpbnsj b g stgp j`jfj sbnmg uh pgu`g hjes
igncg prj qub vg`ë nàg sbkj vegienjmg b pbr`j uh bstgurg mb pgntgs nå7
6» Bu mbsbnvgive bssj agrhj mb gpbrjr gs rghpehbntgs b `rbeg qub sbkj j
hbidgr pjrj qubh tê `ghbãjnmg, vg`ë bstjrê hjes prgtbcemg b `gh g stgp
01
nàg tàg igncg. _rj qub vg`ë `gnsecj sbcuer :??% essg, fusqub tbr gs hbidgrbs
supgrtbs b rbsestën`ejs dgrezgntjes pgssèvbes! _grquë7 _ges vg`ë vje uteiezê-igs
pjrj sujs bntrjmjs.
0» Fusqub embnte﬊`jr uh rghpehbntg bh sbu enè`eg, jsseh qub pumbr vbr 0 fjrrjs
mb tbnmën`ej pbqubnjs sbcuemjs ab`djnmg prðxehg ï hêxehj kê mbs`gn﬊b b
﬊qub mb jntbnj iecjmj, gu 6 fjrrjs håmejs gu : fjrrj crjnmb. Qgu mjr jicuns
bxbhpigs prj qub vg`ë tbndj embej mb qujes sbrejh bssjs fjrrjs (nàg dê pjmràg
﬊xg mb pgntgs, bntàg sbrê nj fjsb mb bstumg b prête`j HBPHG).
_BZRBNJP
HÅMEJP
﬊c. 21 mðijr 65/?0/6?:5
HÅMEJP
﬊c. 23 ènme`b ?6/?=/6?:5
 03
 

@GHG BN]VJV NRH
_BZRBNJ

CVJNMB

VGH_EHBN]G7
GNMB @GIG@JV P]G_7
Gfsbrvb uh bxbhpig mb bntrjmj b stgp `gh rbijãàg jg rghpehbntg;

﬊c. 24 FFJP0 ?6/?=/6?:5

BN]VJMJ

P]G_ mb :4? j 66?pts

jfjexg mg supgrtb

_BZRBNJ HÅMEJ

﬊c.1? ènme`b ?=/?=/6?:5

﬊c. 25 FE]@GEN ?2/?=/6?:5
G qujntg jntbs vg`ë embnte﬊`jr uh rghpehbntg, hjes pgntgs erê `gnsbcuer b
hjes prgtbcemg sbu stgp bstjrê, bntàg, prjtequb huetgggg.
Nbssb `jsg, tbhgs 6 fjrrjs håmejs huetg fgjs, sbnmg qub j sbcunmj rghpbu
uhj rbsestën`ej, ngssj bntrjmj ﬊`j igcg j`ehj mbssj fjrrj (:?pt ng ènme`b< ?,2 j
:pt ng mðijr). Pbu stgp sbrê mb :4? j 6??pt mg supgrtb igcg jfjexg b `ghg jivg
pgmb fus`jr 6x g tjhjndg mg sbu stgp. Ajzbnmg mbssj agrhj, suj bqujãàg mg
trjmbr vje ab`djr tgtjihbntb IENMJ!
 04
 

Nbssb bxbhpig mg mðijr, tbhgs uh rghpehbntg `gh 6 fjrrjs håmejs sbcuemjs,

P]G_ MB 0? pts supbrjnmg uhj rbsestën`ej b mjnmg bntrjmj ng rghpehbntg mg `jnmib. G stgp
jtrês mg `jnmib mb 1 pgntgs jfjexg mg supgrtb nbssb `jsg sbrej trjnqueig, g jivg pgmb sbr g
mgfrg mg tjhjndg mg sbu Ptgp, trjzbnmg uhj bqujãàg mg trjmbr supbr pgsetevj!
G_GV]RNEMJMBBB!
Nj pjrtb hjes j`ehj, tevbhgs uh ’`jn`bijhbnt
’`jn`bijhbntg‘
g‘ mg hgmg rghpehbntg, `gh
P]G_ MB 0? pts 6 `jnmibs sbcuemgs `gntrêregs j ngssj tbnmën`ej.
BN]VJMJ jtrês mg `jnmib

G_GV]RNEMJMBBB!
BN]VJMJ

﬊c.1: ènme`b ?0/?=/6?:5

P]G_ MB ?,:2
Jque tbhgs uh rghpehbntg `gh fjrrj agrtb, bij b ij nàg age rghpemj nj sbquën`ej j`ehj mj rbsestën`ej
b pgr essg nàg `dbcjrèjhgs j bntrjr. Bntàg g hbr`jmg mbu uhj gpgrtunemjmb
hbidgr qujnmg abz uh `jnmib fbh prðxehg ï rbsestën`ej, g qub trjz uh pgssèvbi
BN]VJMJ
stgp hjes `urtg b prgtbcemg, bntrjhgs ng rghpehbntg mbib b `gig`jhgs uh
stgp 0? pgntgs jtrês mg hbshg. Igcg jfjexg tbhgs gutrj bntrjmj `gh g hbshg P]G_ MB ?,:2
j`ehj mj rbsestën`ej
pjmràg. Bnqujntg g hbr`jmg bstevbr bh rghpehbntg, pgmbhgs bntrjr sbcuenmg
g hbshg pren`èpeg, jtå qub bib agrhb 6 `jnmibs sbcuemgs `gntrj j tbnmën`ej b
BN]VJMJ
hgme﬊qub j ajsb pjrj ’`jnji bstrbetg‘
bstrbetg‘ qub sbrê bst
bstumjmg
umjmg hjes j arbntb.
NÀG ]BHGP BN]VJMJ _GV VGH_EHBN]G,
AGVHJVJH 6 @JNMIBP @GN]ÊVEGP.
﬊c.10 FFM@= ?6/?=/6?:5

Nbssb bxbhpig, tbhgs g hbshg pjmràg 6 vbzbs, vbnmj jfjexg mg `jnmib b uh

stgp mb :2 `bntjvgs j`ehj mj rbsestën`ej, g jivg pgmb sbr g mgfrg mg stgp!

BN]VJMJ

P]G_ MB 1 j :? pts
jfjexg mg supgrtb

﬊c.16. mðijr 63/?0/6?:5

 05
 

BTBV@È@EGP
Jcgrj å j suj vbz, prjtequb HRE]G, fusqub mbntrg mgs crê﬊`gs g enè`eg mb
pgssèvbes rghpehbntgs, pgmb sbr crê﬊`g jtå mb ﬊curendj b fgiendj mb cumb,
BH ]GMG CVÊAE@G j destðrej sb rbpbtb, vgu `gig`jr jicuns bxbhpigs jque prj
qub vg`ë hjrqub mb jzui g enè`eg mb uh pgssèvbi rghpehbntg. Jiåh messg,
trbenb ngs gutrgs crê﬊`gs ehjcenjnmg gnmb bibs `ghbãjrejh b gnmb bstjrej
suj bntrjmj/stgp.
bntrjmj/stgp.
  =?
 
  =:
 

PR_GV]BP B VBPEP]ËN@EJP 
MEJCGNJEP
Mjnmg enè`eg jg ngssg bstumg, vjhgs ibhfrjr mgs `gn`betgs rbijtevgs j supgrtbs
b rbsestën`ejs.

• Pupgrtb; VBCEÀG gnmb j hjegr agrãj tbnmb j sbr `ghprjmgrj, bstê jfjexg

mg prbãg jtuji.

• Vbsestën`ej; VBCEÀG gnmb j hjegr agrãj tbnmb j sbr vbnmbmgrj, bstê j`ehj

mg prbãg jtuji.

4• IJ]BVJIEMJMBP
Mbvemg jg ajtgr ’fepgijr‘ mbssjs rbceòbs, jg rghpbr uhj rbsestën`ej bij tbnmb j
sb trjnsagrhjr bh supgrtb b jg rghpbr uh supgrtb, bib tbnmb j sb tgrnjr uhj
rbsestën`ej, sbnmg jsseh, g hbr`jmg å uh `gnstjntb ’kgcg‘ bntrb supgrtbs b
rbsestën`ejs.

Qjhgs ïs ehjcbns b prête`j;

﬊c.1= ènme`b :?/?=/6?:5

  =6
 

Rhj pbssgj ngrhji vbrej essg `ghg uh sehpibs crê﬊`g, gnmb nàg tbhgs
håmejs gu gutrgs enme`jmgrbs, jicuåh qub bntbnmb mb _re`b J`tegn
J`te gn vbrej mbntrg
mbssb crê﬊`g enûhbrjs pgssefeiemjmbs sbh j nb`bssemjmb mb qujiqubr qub sbkj
g enme`jmgr, fjstj uhj råcuj gu jicuhjs iendjs prj vbr essg j`gntb`br;

VBPEP]ËN@EJ MBN]VG
MB RHJ IJ]BVJIE[JÃÀG

VGH_EHBN]G

VGH_EHBN]G VGH_EHBN]G

﬊c.11 ènme`b :? b ::/?=/6?:5

PR_GV]B
Nbssb bxbhpig (﬊c. 11), tbhgs g tbstb mb uhj iendj mb `jnji mb fjexj 1 vbzbs
﬊c.12 ènme`b :?/?=/6?:5
jntbs mg rghpehbntg, bij sb tgrngu uh pgntg mb rbjiezjãàg pjrj gs vbnmbmgrbs,
jtå qub bij age rghpemj b fus`gu uhj prgkbãàg mb rghpehbntg.

Qbkjh qub hbshg mbntrg mb uhj ijtbrjiezjãàg, pgr nàg mbpbnmbr mb enme`jmgr
jicuh, js iendjs ngs hgstrjh pgntgs mb `ghprj (supgrtbs) b pgssèvbes pgntgs mb
vbnmj (rbsestën`ej). Jsseh qub uhj rbsestën`ej å rghpemj, pjssjhgs j j`rbmetjr
qub js vbnmjs bstàg `jn`bijmjs b g stgp å g hbidgr `jhendg. Ng ijmg envbrsg
j vbrmjmb å j hbshj, ng rghpehbntg mb uh supgrtb, pjssjhgs j nàg pbnsjr
hjes bh `ghprjs, stgp nj pgssèvbi gpbrjãàg mb `ghprj å embji, pges g prbãg
tbnmb j er hjes aunmg.

Bssjs iendjs mb supgrtb hgstrj uh bxbhpig mb iendj mb tbnmën`ej, pges g prbãg

bstjvj enmg `jmj vbz hjes jitg, jtå qub bij å rghpemj b pjssjhgs j tbr uhj iendj
mb supgrtb qub sbrej uh bsteig mb iendj mb ’`jnji‘
’`jnji‘,, nàg ehpgrtj j nghbn`ijturj,
g qub ehpgrtj hbshg å sjfbr qub bssjs iendjs, mbpges mb tbstjmjs 6 gu hjes
vbzbs, sb tgrnjh pgntgs mb rbjiezjãàg gu pgntgs mb bntrjmj, ajzbnmg `gh qub
gs hbidgrbs trjmbs sbkjh fjsbjmgs nbijs. ﬊c.13 ènme`b ::/?=/6?:5
  =0
 

Jque (﬊c. 13), tbhgs uhj iendj mejcgnji mb rbsestën`ej, qujnmg rghpemj, fus`jr Jque tbhgs g crê﬊`g mj FFJP (﬊c. 15), gnmb g pgntg mb rbsestën`ej age iu`rjtevg
j prgkbãàg abetj mbntrg mj ijtbrjiezjãàg. _jrj tbr j hbmemj mj prgkbãàg, fjstj bh vêregs pgntgs, sbcuenmg j tbnmën`ej, `gh 1?% mb `djn`b mb iu`rgs b `gh
`ji`uijr j hjegr mestæn`ej bntrb tgpg mj iendj mejcgnji b g aunmg mg prbãg ng uh pgse`egnjhbntg qub pgmb cbrjr uh stgp `urtg b uh jivg huetg fgh!
crê﬊`g b prgkbtjr essg mg pgntg mb rghpehbntg mbssj iendj.

﬊c.3? QJIB0 61/?0/6?:5

J QJIB0 (﬊c. 3?) bh 61 mb hjrãg mbu ðtehjs gpgrtunemjmbs mb `ghprj,

sbcuenmg j tbnmën`ej kuntjhbntb `gh bssj iendj mb supgrtb mejcgnji.
﬊c.14 mðijr ::/?=/6?:5

Ng cbrji, j entbnãàg hjegr å qub vg`ë trbenb huetg j pjrtb mb trjãjr iendjs,
Qbhgs nbssb `jsg (﬊c. 14), uhj iendj mb rbsestën`ej qub brj bntrjmj mb vbnmj
bijs vàg tb pgse`egnjr mb hbidgr agrhj ngs trjmbs, pbnsb sbhprb bh gpbrjr
pjrj vbnmbmgrbs b rbjiezjãàg pjrj gs `ghprjmgrbs, jtå qub bij age rghpemj b
j ajvgr mbijs b nun`j `gntrj! Rh bxbhpig å `jsg vg`ë bstbkj `ghprjmg b
gs vbnmbmgrbs sjèrjh mb sujs pgseãòbs bnqujntg gs `ghprjmgrbs `ghprjrjh
jpjrbãj uhj iendj mb rbsestën`ej mbssjs ng `jhendg, rbjiezb g hêxehg qub
hjes, essg ibvgu g prbãg j pjtjhjrbs hjes jitgs bh pgu`g tbhpg, mbvemg j
pumbr, nàg j`rbmetb ng rghpehbntg mbij, jpbnjs bh 62% mgs `jsgs j`gntb`b
urcën`ej.
bssb rghpehbntg!

﬊c.3: QJIB0 6:/?0/6?:5

﬊c.15 FFJP0 :? b ::/?=/6?:5
  ==
 

﬊c.32 ènme`b ?0/?=/6?:5

﬊c. 36 mðijr ?4 b ?5/?=/6?:5

﬊c.30 mðijr ?0/?=/6?:5

﬊c.3= ènme`b ?=/?=/6?:5

  =2
 

G crjnmb mbtjidb pjrj gpbrjr uhj ijtbrjiemjmb

ijtbrjiemjmb å nàg sb pgse`egnjr ng hbeg mbij.

EMBN]EAE@JNMG JP [GNJP Pbhprb fusqub gpbrjr gs bxtrbhgs, `ghprjmg ng aunmg b vbnmemg ng tgpg.
Js håmejs nàg `gstuhjh aun`egnjr fbh nbssj ajsb crê﬊`j, sbnmg rghpemjs j
tgmg hghbntg b `jusjnmg g babetg ’hbr`jmg igu`g‘.

MJ IJ]BVJIEMJMB
J hjegr me﬊`uimjmb pjrj `ghbãjr j gpbrjr uhj ijtbrjiemjmb å embnte﬊`jr qub
bstjhgs nbssj ajsb, b jicg qub jkumj huetg å sjfbr qub j hjegr pjrtb mg tbhpg
ng crê﬊`g å `ghpgstg pgr ijtbrjiemjmbs. Pbnmg jsseh, fjstj embnte﬊`jr uh
pjmràg sehpibs; ’Pufeu, mbpges mbs`bu tumg7 IJ]BVJIEMJM
IJ]BVJIEMJMB‘B‘,, ’Mbs`bu b mbpges
sufeu tumg7 IJ]BVJIEMJMB‘
G tjhjndg mbssb hgvehbntg nàg ehpgrtj huetg, fjstj embnte﬊`jr gs sbus ﬊c.35 mðijr 64 j 65/?=/6?:5
iehetbs, sbnmg bibs g tgpg b g aunmg mg mej.
G mðijr (﬊c.35) å uh crjnmb aà mj ijtbrjiemjmb b nj hjegr pjrtb mg tbhpg bib
bstê nbssj ajsb, js vbzbs jtå mejs sbcuemgs.

J prgfjfeiemjmb mb uhj ijtbrjiemjmb sbr rghpemj å mb 6?%, sbnmg jsseh, g

embji å jpgstjr `gntrj g rghpehbntg jtå qub bib vbndj b j`gntbãj mb vbrmjmb.
Vghpehbntgs ajisgs sàg huetg `ghuns mbntrg mj ijtbrjiemjmb ibvjnmg gs
stgps b g mendberg mb huetgs, js vbzbs jtå hjes mg qub bh uhj crjnmb b agrtb
tbnmën`ej.

﬊c. 33. ènme`b ?6/?2/6?:5

Jque (﬊c.33) tbhgs g ènme`b bh ?6/?2/6?:5, nuhj ijtbrjiemjmb bh qub bstàg

mb﬊nemjs js zgnjs mb tgpg b mb aunmgs.

﬊c.4? Ènme`b 62/?=-61/?=

Js vbzbs tbhgs ijtbrjiemjmbs mbntrg mb ijtbrjiemjmbs hjegrbs (﬊c.=). _gr essg å

ehpgrtjntb mbiehetjr gs tgpgs b aunmgs mjqubij ijtbrjiemjmb qub bstê gpbrjnmg
﬊c.34 . ènme`b 62 j 61/?=/6?:5

Hjes uh bxbhpig (﬊c.34) mb ijtbrjiemjmb b mb﬊neãàg mb tgpgs b aunmgs hjes b ngbprehberg

mbij pjssjr j senji
fus`jr`ijrg
uhmb rghpehbntg,
gutrg mbexjr mb gpbrjr ng tgpg gu aunmg
tepg mb gpbrjãàg.
rbibvjntbs.
  =1
 

G_BVJNMG IJ]BVJIEMJMBP BTBV@È@EGP

_rg`urb embnte﬊`jr js zgnjs mb ijtbrjiemjmb bh `jmj `jsg j sbcuer;
G crjnmb mbtjidb mjs ijtbrjiemjmbs å fus`jr gpbrjãòbs `urtjs b nàg sb pgse`egnjr
prðxehg ïs håmejs, jiåh messg, å uhj ajsb gnmb nàg mbvbrbhgs uteiezjr ngssj
`jrcj hêxehj mb `gntrjtgs. Å g hghbntg mb ’sbcurjr j gnmj‘ b mehenuer j hàg,
ajzbr g su﬊`ebntb prj idb hjntbr vevg ng hbr`jmg b njmj jiåh messg.

HGP]VJNMG _GPPÈQBEP G_BVJÃÒBP B P]G_P;

P]G_

QBNMJ QBNMJ QBNMJ QBNMJ QBNMJ

mðijr ::/?0/6?:5

@GH_VJ @GH_VJ @GH_VJ

﬊c.4: . mðijr ?0/?=/6?:5

_br`bfj qub nàg dê crjnmb heståreg ng gpbrj`egnji, fjse`jhbntb å `ghprj

aunmg b vbnmb tgpg. G crjnmb mbtjidb å `gnsbcuer embnte﬊`jr bssb tgpg/aunmg b
sjfbr sb rbjihbntb bstê nbssj ajsb mg hbr`jmg.

FFJP 0?/?=/6?:5
  =3
 

]G_GP B ARNMGP MR_IGP ]G_G : ]G_G 6

]G_G :
]G_G 6
]G_G 0

Bssj
mb uhpjrtb
tgpgmggu
bstumg
aunmgåmupig
merb`egnjmj
ibvjr j pjrj ijtbrjiemjmbs,
cjndgs vestg nbssj
å huetg hjegr qub, jajsb.
prgfjfeiemjmb
_rehberjhbntb, vjhgs embnte﬊`jr g qub sbrejh tgpgs b aunmgs mupigs mbntrg mb
uhj ijtbrjiemjmb;

]G_G : ]G_G 6 ]G_G 0

ARNMG : ARNMG 6

﬊c.40 ènme`b :=/?2/6?:5

Jque tbhgs jicuns bxbhpigs mb bntrjmjs uteiezjnmg g hbshg pjmràg;
embnte﬊`jmj j ijtbrjiemjmb, fus`jhgs gs tgpgs/aunmgs mupigs pjrj pgssèvbes
bntrjmjs b hbmeãàg mg stgp.
*Ibhfrjnmg qub bssj jnêiesb vjib pjrj ijtbrjiemjmbs b nàg pjrj tgmgs gs
hghbntgs mg hbr`jmg. Nàg `gnaunmj, essg pgmb `ustjr `jrg!

]G_G :
]G_G6
﬊c. 46 . ènme`b :2/?2/6?:5

Nbstb bxbhpig, `gnsbcuehgs mbtb`tjr uhj ijtbrjiemjmb jhpij (﬊c. 46) b uh

tgpg trepig nj pjrtb supbregr mj hbshj, sbnmg qub igcg j pren`èpeg vbhgs uh
tgpg mupig qub ngs hgstrjrej uhj bntrjmj enmbpbnmbntb mg tbr`berg. Js sbtjs
jzues hgstrjh g ig`ji mj pgssèvbi bntrjmj, sbnmg jfjexg mg prehberg `jnmib
nbcjtevg agrhjmg, j sbtj vbrhbidj ngs hgstrjh g ig`ji mg stgp, ﬊`jnmg pgu`g
j`ehj mg tgpg agrhjmg. _jrj jivgs pgmbhgs `ji`uijr mbntrg mb uhj ijtbrjiemjmb
j rbijãàg ’: prj :‘,
:‘, sbnmg g jivg mg hbshg tjhjndg mg sbu stgp (pbig hbngs). ARNMG : ARNMG 6
﬊c.4= mðijr :?/?2/6?:5
  =4
 

Nbssb bxbhpig (﬊c.40), nj sbcunmj bntrjmj mbvemg jg tjhjndg mj fjrrj ng

aunmg, nàg pgmbrèjhgs ngs jrres`jr j bntrjr
b ntrjr bh uhj fjrrj entbrnj sbcuentb, vestg
qub jenmj nàg ngs hgstrjrjh j arjqubzj mgs vbnmbmgrbs, qub age hgstrjmj nj
BTBV@È@EGP
sbquën`ej, ’sghjnmg‘ j fjrrj entbrnj `gh g hjrtbig abetg ng aunmg. _gmbhgs
Jcgrj vgu mbexjr jicuns Bxbr`è`egs pjrj qub vg`ës embnte﬊qubh pgssèvbes
bntrjr `gnsembrjnmg uhj fjrrj mb jitj. bntrjmjs, P]G_P b jivgs, uteiezjnmg g jssuntg jfgrmjmg

]G_G : ]G_G 6

﬊c.42 . FFJP6 ?3/?2/6?:5

Jque tbhgs uhj gpbrjãàg `gh tgpg mupig qub age  stgpjmj pges j ijtbrjiemjmb Ffjs0 ?1/?2

age rghpemj. Essg j`gntb`b b ajz pjrtb mj bstjtèste`j. Qg`ë mbvb bntrjr njs
gpbrjãòbs nj `gn﬊jnãj mb qub bstjrê ajzbnmg j bs`gidj `brtj b `jsg g P]G_
j`gntbãj, pjrtj prj gutrj.
  =5
 

Ffm`= 61/?=
 ENME@B ?1/?2

 ENME@B 0?/?=  ENME@B ?1/?2

 2?
 

Jntbs mb `ghbãjr, qubrg ibhfrjr j tgmgs qub NBNDRH pjmràg tb jssbcurj uhj
gpbrjãàg vbn`bmgrj,
vbn`bmgrj, sbhprb dê uhj pgr`bntjcbh mb j`brtg b uhj mb brrg bh
`jmj uh mbibs. Bntàg nàg jmejntj ﬊`jr arustrjmg qujnmg vbr uhj mbssjs ﬊curjs
sbh aun`egnjr b `ghbãjr j jrrjn`js gs `jfbigs ehjcenjnmg qub g hbr`jmg
nàg rbspbetj njmj. Bib rbspbetj seh! Hjs vg`ë mbvb rbspbetjr j bstjtèste`j mj `gesj
jntbs.

Ehjcenj sb tgmg hunmg rbsgivbssb vbnmbr uhj qubfrj mb I]J, tgmgs ejh
cjndjr7 @ijrg qub nàg! G hbr`jmg aun`egnj kustjhbntb pbij meabrbnãj nj
agrhj qub `jmj enmevèmug pbnsj b j pse`gigcej duhjnj. Bntàg, jg tghjr uh
igss sbcuenmg jicg bstumjmg jque, pbnsb; Age pjrtb mj bstjtèste`j
b stjtèste`j mb igss, b ﬊h!

Qjhgs jgs bstumgs...

SBMCBP
5• SBMCBP J wbmcb (tjhfåh `djhjmj mb `undj), jsseh `ghg qujiqubr ﬊curj crê﬊`j,
pgmb jpjrb`br bh ZRJIZRBV tbhpg crê﬊`g, j rbibvæn`ej messg juhbntj
`gnagrhb juhbntjhgs bssb tbhpg. Jque, usjrbe g pjmràg mb crê﬊`g 2 henutgs
pgrqub å g qub uteiezg bh Mjy ]rjmb.

SBMCB MB JI]J SBMCB MB FJETJ

﬊c. 41 . Sbmcbs
 2:
 

Å `jrj`tbrezjmj pgr trës puxjmjs nj hbshj merbãàg, `gh rghpehbntg mb tgpg Nbh sbhprb j Sbmcb `gnsbcub rbvbrtbr tgmj j tbnmën`ej igcg ng 0» tgqub,
gu aunmg jntbregr, ajzbnmg uhj iendj mb rbsestën`ej gu supgrtb mejcgnji, g sbnmg jsseh, g embji å bspbrjr uh aunmg gu tgpg mupig igcg nj sbquën`ej mbij,
tbr`berg tgqub tbh HRE]J agrãj pjrj rbvbrtbr uhj tbnmën`ej, sbkj bij he`rg gu jsseh vg`ë juhbntj sujs prgfjfeiemjmbs b pgmb fus`jr uh cjen huetg hjegr.
hj`rg tbnmën`ej. Bxbhpigs mb bntrjmjs bh rbvbrsòbs;

Jicuns bxbhpigs;

BN]VJMJ
BN]VJMJ
P]G_
P]G_
ARNMG ]VE_IG
ARNMG : ARNMG MR_IG

﬊c.43 ènme`b 60/?3/6?:5 ﬊c.45 . ÈNME@B ?6/?4/6?:5 ]G_G MR_IG

P]G_
]G_G :
BN]VJMJ

﬊c.44 mðijr ?2/?4/6?:5 ﬊c.5? . ÈNME@B ?6/?4/6?:5

 26
 

BN]VJMJ

P]G_
BN]VJMJ ﬊c.50. ÈNME@B ?4/?46?:5
BN]VJMJ
P]G_
P]G_ ]Å@NE@G + PBCRVG
P]G_ ARNMG ]VE_IG
ARNMG : ARNMG MR_IG
﬊c.5: . FFJP0 ?6/?46?:5 P]G_ @RV]G

Hgstrbe jque jicuns `jsgs mb bntrjmjs bh rbvbrsòbs, hjs bxestbh hueeetjs gutrjs
BN]VJMJ
bntrjmjs, pren`epjihbntb bh ijtbrjiemjmbs. Nbssb `jsg, j bntrjmj ﬊`j nj pbrmj
mb uhj iendj mb tbnmën`ej gu tgpg/aunmg mupig (qujnmg j`gntb`br).
j`gntb`br).

Bxbhpigs mb bntrjmj bh ijtbrjiemjmbs;

﬊c.5=. ÈNME@B ?4/?46?:5

P]G_

BN]VJMJ Js Sbmcbs sàg uhj mjs hbidgrbs bntrjmjs bh ijtbrjiemjmbs, pren`epjihbntb sb

BN]VJMJ vg`ë fus`j `ghprjr g hjes fjexg pgssèvbi gu vbnmbr g hjes jitg pgssèvbi mbntrg
mbssj ijtbrjiemjmb.

Bh rbijãàg ï bstjtèste`j, ng cbrji, pgr sbrbh iendjs

ie ndjs mb `jnji sbcuenmg j tbnmën`ej,
bijs tëh 32% mb `djn`b bh håmej pjrj qub nàg sbkj rghpemj, qujntg hjes
vg`ë embnte﬊`jr pjmròbs mb agrãj ng `jhendg b prðxehg j bij, hjes agrtb ﬊`j j
suj jnêiesb.

﬊c.56 . MÐIJV ?3/?4/6?:5

 20
 

BTBV@È@EGP
Jcgrj sbcubh jicuhjs jtevemjmbs pjrj qub vg`ës bn`gntrbh js SBMCBP b
pgssèvbes bntrjmjs ngs crê﬊`gs. (Pbràg `grrecemgs bh juij)

_JVJ FVEN@JV 8M

 ENME@B 6=/?3 

 ENME@B 61/?3 ENME@B :4/?3 

 2=
 

MÐIJV ?6/?4

MÐIJV ?:/?4 MÐIJV ?:/?4

 22
 

(::) 51563-626?
/agrhuijmgtrjmbr