Outline: - Section 1.1

Dr.
Hassen OUAKAD 1/29/2015

ME201
Outline
• Section 1.1: Introduction

• Section 1.2: Vibrational Motion
• Section 1.3: Spring Elements
• Section 1.4: Damping Elements
Dr. Hassen OUAKAD ME 482 38
Vibrational Motion
 Could be:
 Random - Undeterministic
 Periodic Motion
 Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM)
 ….
http://www.answers.com/topic/simple-harmonic-oscillator
Title goes here 1

Dr. Hassen OUAKAD 1/29/2015
ME201
Periodic Motion
Periodic motion :
Any motion that repeats itself identically at regular intervals.
Examples: a rocking chair, a bouncing ball, a vibrating tuning fork, a swing in motion,
the Earth in its orbit around the Sun, and a water wave.
In each case the interval of time for a

repetition, or cycle, of the motion is called a
period, while the number of periods per unit
time is called the frequency.

Period=T =
.
Amplitude: The maximum displacement of

vibrating body from its equilibrium position
Periodic Motion (Model)
Periodic Motion:
A motion x(t) is said to be periodic with period T if it is repeated after
equal intervals of time.
xt  xt  nT, n 1,2,3,...
If x(t) describes an oscillation, the

Smallest quantity T for which the
above quantity is satisfied is called the period of the oscillation
The reciprocal f of the period is called frequency of the oscillation and is

usually measured in hertz (Hz)
1
f  1
with units of ( ) or (Hz)
T s
Title goes here 2

ME201
Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM)

A Simple harmonic motion is a special case of periodic motion.
 In the examples given before, the rocking chair, the tuning fork, the swing,
and the water wave execute simple harmonic motion, but the bouncing ball
and the Earth in its orbit do not.
 Waves that can be represented by sine curves are periodic.
 If the wave is propagated with a velocity v and has a wavelength λ, then the
period T is equal to wavelength divided by velocity, or
T= λ/v
 The frequency f is the reciprocal of the period; thus,
f = 1/T = v/λ
Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM)
Scotch yoke mechanism:

The similarity between cyclic
(harmonic) and sinusoidal
Chapter # 03 motion.
Title goes here 3

ME201
Harmonic Signal:
Definitions and Terminology
Amplitude (A):
Maximum displacement of a
vibrating body from its equilibrium
position.
Period of oscillation (): Time

taken to complete one cycle of
motion
2
 [sec]

Frequency of oscillation (f):
Number of cycles per unit time
1  ω is called the circular frequency [rad/sec]
f   [1/sec] or [Hz]
 2
Harmonic Signal:
A  amplitude
App peak to peak amplitude
Title goes here 4

ME201
Harmonic Signals:
Synchronous Motions:
The two harmonic motions are synchronous if they have the same frequency or
angular velocity ω
Phase Angle:
Phase angle (ϕ) is the angular difference between two synchronous harmonic
motions.
Natural Frequency:
Natural frequency is the frequency for which a system oscillates without external
forces.
Example: Unloaded-spring-mass system 
k
n  (rad/s)
m
Harmonic Signals:
Title goes here 5

ME201
Forms of Harmonic Functions

Harmonic motion is proportional to sines and cosines
We can write a general harmonic function as
y  A sin t   
phase
amplitude
frequency
OR
y  As sint   Ac cost 
Title goes here 6

ME201
Example 01
Title goes here 7

ME201
Example 01
(continued)
Example 02
Solution:
Title goes here 8

ME201
Example 02
(continued)
Harmonic Vibration with

Exponential Amplitude
Damped Oscillations (CHAPTER 03)
For damped oscillations,
simplest case is when the
damping force is
proportional to the velocity
of the oscillating object
In this case, amplitude

decays exponentially:
y  t   Be t / sin t   
Title goes here 9

ME201
Complex Numbers
Complex Numbers
(Different Forms)
Title goes here 10

ME201
Euler’s Formulas
Algebra of Complex Numbers
Title goes here 11

ME201
Algebra of Complex Numbers
 Multiplication
 Division
 Integer powers
 Roots of order n
Simple Harmonic Motion

Complex Number Representation
Title goes here 12

ME201

Physical Units in Vibrations
Title goes here 13

ME201


Title goes here 14

ME201
Vector Representation
in Complex Plane Imaginary
axis
resultant
1.6 exp(jt+j)
Phase issues
sint vs. sin(t +)
exp(jt)
in the complex world

jt j t  
e vs. e
t Real
axis
Complex plane 66
66 482 66
Dr. Hassen OUAKAD ME
Example 03
Title goes here 15

ME201
Example 04
Addition of Two Harmonics
Example 04
(continued)
Method 2: By using Vectors:
Title goes here 16

ME201
Example 04
(continued)
Method 3: By using Complex Numbers Notation
Example 05
Title goes here 17

Outline: - Section 1.1

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Outline: - Section 1.1

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Dr.

Hassen OUAKAD 1/29/2015

• Section 1.1: Introduction

Dr. Hassen OUAKAD ME 482 38

Dr. Hassen OUAKAD ME 482 39

Title goes here 1

In each case the interval of time for a

Amplitude: The maximum displacement of

Dr. Hassen OUAKAD ME 482 40

Periodic Motion (Model)

xt  xt  nT, n 1,2,3,...

If x(t) describes an oscillation, the

The reciprocal f of the period is called frequency of the oscillation and is

Title goes here 2

Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM)

Dr. Hassen OUAKAD ME 482 42

Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM)

Scotch yoke mechanism:

Dr. Hassen OUAKAD ME 482 43

Title goes here 3

Period of oscillation (): Time

Dr. Hassen OUAKAD ME 482 45

Title goes here 4

Dr. Hassen OUAKAD ME 482 47

Title goes here 5

Forms of Harmonic Functions

We can write a general harmonic function as

Dr. Hassen OUAKAD ME 482 48

Forms of Harmonic Functions

Dr. Hassen OUAKAD ME 482 49

Title goes here 6

Forms of Harmonic Functions

Dr. Hassen OUAKAD ME 482 50

Dr. Hassen OUAKAD ME 482 51

Title goes here 7

Dr. Hassen OUAKAD ME 482 52

Dr. Hassen OUAKAD ME 482 53

Title goes here 8

Dr. Hassen OUAKAD ME 482 54

Harmonic Vibration with

In this case, amplitude

y  t   Be t / sin t   

Dr. Hassen OUAKAD ME 482 55

Title goes here 9

Dr. Hassen OUAKAD ME 482 56

Dr. Hassen OUAKAD ME 482 57

Title goes here 10

Dr. Hassen OUAKAD ME 482 58

Algebra of Complex Numbers

Dr. Hassen OUAKAD ME 482 59

Title goes here 11

Algebra of Complex Numbers

Dr. Hassen OUAKAD ME 482 60

Simple Harmonic Motion

Dr. Hassen OUAKAD ME 482 61

Title goes here 12

Simple Harmonic Motion

Dr. Hassen OUAKAD ME 482 62

Physical Units in Vibrations

Dr. Hassen OUAKAD ME 482 63

Title goes here 13

Simple Harmonic Motion