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WEEKLY LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS

Earth and Life Science 11 Quarter 2, Week 5

Name: ___________________________________________ Section: ______________________

ORGAN SYSTEMS
Learning Competency:
Describe the general and unique characteristics of the different organ systems in representative
animals (S11/12LT-IIIaj-21).
Specific Objectives:
1. Describe the general characteristics of the different organ systems in representative animals.
2. Describe the unique characteristics of the different organ systems in representative animals.
 Time Allotment: 2 hours

Key Concepts
 Organ systems are group of organs within the body that can be thought of as working
together as a unit to carry out specific tasks or functions within the body. The human
body is most commonly divided into eleven organ systems.

 NERVOUS SYSTEM
 Nervous System throughout the animal kingdom vary
in structure and complexity.
 Vertebrate Nervous Systems are more complex,
centralized, and specialized. While there is great
diversity among different vertebrate nervous systems,
they all share a basic structure: a CNS that contains a
brain and spinal cord and a PNS made up of peripheral
sensory and motor nerves.
 The brain receives and interprets stimuli and
transmits impulses to organs. Your brain uses the
information it receives to coordinate all of your actions
and reactions. The spinal cord functions primarily in
the transmission of nerve signals from the motor
cortex to the body, and from afferent fibers of the Figure 1 Human Nervous System
sensory neurons to the sensory cortex. Source:courses.lumenlearning.c
 Some organisms, like sea sponges, lack a true nervous om/microbiology/chapter/anato
system. Others, like jellyfish and hydra, lack a true my-of-the-nervous-system/
brain and instead a separate system but connected nerve cells (neurons) called a “nerve
net.”
 Echinoderms such as sea stars have nerve cells that are bundled into fibers called
nerves.
 Flatworms of the phylum Platyhelminthes have both a central nervous system (CNS),
made up of a small “brain” and two nerve cords, and a peripheral nervous system (PNS)
containing a system of nerves that extend throughout the body.
 Insect Nervous System is more complex but also fairly decentralized. It contains a brain,
ventral nerve cord, and ganglia (clusters of connected neurons). These ganglia can control
movements and behaviors without input from the brain.
 Octopuses may have the most complicated among invertebrate nervous systems—they
have neurons that are organized in specialized lobes and eyes that are structurally similar
to vertebrate species.
 One interesting difference between the nervous systems of invertebrates and vertebrates is
that the nerve cords of many invertebrates are located ventrally whereas the vertebrate
spinal cords are located dorsally.

Author: Maricel B. Pitogo


School/Station: Sta. Cruz National High School
Division: Agusan del Sur
email address: maricel.pitogo004@deped.gov.ph
Figure 2 Nervous Systems of Different Animals
Source: http://course.lumenlearning.com/wm-biology 2/chapter/diversity-of-nervous-systems

 CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
 The Circulatory System is effectively a network of
cylindrical vessels (the arteries, veins, and
capillaries) that emanate from a pump (the heart).
 The Circulatory System of animals differs in the
number of heart chambers and the number of
circuits through which the blood flows. It varies
from simple systems in invertebrates to more
complex systems in vertebrates.
 The human circulatory system is made up of the
heart, blood, blood vessels, and lymphatics. It is
the body’s delivery system, concerned with Figure 3 Human Circulatory System
circulating blood to deliver oxygen and nutrients Source:
to the different parts of the body. This is an quizlet.com/215357676/psle-science-
systems-human-circulatory-system-
example of a closed circulatory system.
flash-cards/
 In closed circulatory
systems, the heart pumps
blood through vessels that are
separate from the interstitial
fluid of the body. Most
vertebrates and some
invertebrates, such as this
annelid earthworm, have a
closed circulatory system.
 In open circulatory systems,
a fluid called hemolymph is
pumped through a blood
vessel that empties into the
body cavity. Hemolymph
returns to the blood vessel
through openings called
ostia. Arthropods, such as Figure 4 Types of Circulatory System
bee and most mollusks, have Source: http://organismalbio.biosci.gatech.edu/nutrition-
open circulatory systems. transport-and-homeostasis/animal-circulatory-systems/

Author: Maricel B. Pitogo


School/Station: Sta. Cruz National High School
Division: Agusan del Sur
email address: maricel.pitogo004@deped.gov.ph
 Simple animals such as sponges and cnidarians do not
have a circulatory system. Instead, gases, nutrients, and
wastes are exchanged.
 Fishes have the simplest circulatory systems of the
vertebrates: blood flows unidirectional from the two-
chambered heart through the gills and then to the rest of
the body. a) Sponge b) Jellyfish

 Amphibians have two circulatory routes: one for Figure 5. Animals without
oxygenation of the blood through the lungs and skin, and Circulatory System
the other to take oxygen to the rest of the body. The blood Source:
http://organismalbio.biosci.ga
is pumped from a three-chambered heart with two atria
tech.edu/nutrition
and a single ventricle.
 Reptiles have two
circulatory routes;
however, blood is
only oxygenated
through the lungs.
The heart is three
chambered, but the
ventricles are
partially separated
so some mixing of
oxygenated and
deoxygenated blood
occurs, except
crocodilians and
birds.
 Mammals and
birds have the most
efficient heart with
four chambers that
completely separate
the oxygenated and
deoxygenated blood;
it pumps only
oxygenated blood Figure 6 Circulatory System of Different Animals
through the body Source: http://organismalbio.biosci.gatech.edu/nutrition-transport-
and deoxygenated and-homeostasis/animal-circulatory-systems/
blood through the
lungs.

 DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
 Digestion is the process of breaking down of
food into simple substances to be absorbed by
the body. Absorption is the taking of the
digested parts of the food into the
bloodstream.
 The human digestive system includes the
mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine,
large intestines, rectum and anus.
Figure 7 Swine Digestive System
 Different species of animals are better able to
Source: Oklahoma Department of Career
digest certain types of foods than others. This
and Technology Education, Curriculum
difference occurs because of the various types and Instructional Materials Center
of digestive systems found in animals.

Author: Maricel B. Pitogo


School/Station: Sta. Cruz National High School
Division: Agusan del Sur
email address: maricel.pitogo004@deped.gov.ph
 There are four basic types of digestive systems: monogastric, avian, ruminant, and
pseudo-ruminant.
 Monogastric Digestive System
 A monogastric digestive system has one simple stomach. The stomach secretes acid,
resulting in a low pH of 1.5 to 2.5. The low pH destroys most bacteria and begins to break
down the food materials. Examples of monogastric animals are cats, dogs, and humans
and swine.

 AVIAN DIGESTIVE SYSTEM


 The avian digestive system is found
in poultry. This system differs greatly
from any other type. Since poultry do
not have teeth, there is no chewing.
Poultry break their food into pieces
small enough to swallow by pecking
with their beaks or scratching with
their feet. Food enters the mouth,
travels to the esophagus, and empties
directly into the crop. The crop is
where the food is stored and soaked.
Food then moves from the crop to the
proventriculus. The proventriculus is Figure 8 Chicken Digestive System
the stomach in a bird, where gastric Source:
enzymes and hydrochloric acid are http://www.poultryhub.org/physiology/body-
systems/digestive-system/
secreted. From the proventriculus, the
food makes its way to the gizzard. The gizzard is a very muscular organ, which normally
contains grit or stones that function like teeth to grind the food. The food then moves from
the gizzard to the small intestine and then to the large intestine. The nondigestible food
components then travel into the cloaca. Urine is also emptied into the cloaca. The
material is then passed out of the body through the vent. Digestion in the avian system is
very rapid.

 RUMINANT DIGESTIVE SYSTEM


 The ruminant digestive system has a large stomach divided into four compartments—
the rumen, the reticulum, the omasum, and the abomasum. The ruminant digestive
system is found in cattle, sheep, goats, and deer.
 Ruminants are different from monogastric animals in that they swallow their food in large
quantities with little chewing. Later they will ruminate, or belch up the food, chew, and
swallow it again. The regurgitated food is called a cud. A cud is a ball-like mass of food
brought up from the stomach to be rechewed. On average, cattle chew their cuds about
six to eight times per day.
 The first and largest section of the stomach
is the rumen. In the rumen, solid feed is mixed and
partially broken down. The rumen contains
millions of bacteria and other microbes that
promote fermentation, which breaks down
roughages.
 The reticulum is the second segment of the
stomach. The reticulum is a small pouch on the
side of the rumen that traps foreign materials, such
Figure 9 Cattle Digestive System as wire, nails, and so forth. Since ruminants do not
Source: Oklahoma Department of Career
chew their food before swallowing, they will
and Technology Education, Curriculum
and Instructional Materials Center) occasionally swallow foreign objects.

Author: Maricel B. Pitogo


School/Station: Sta. Cruz National High School
Division: Agusan del Sur
email address: maricel.pitogo004@deped.gov.ph
 The omasum is the third compartment of the stomach. The omasum produces a grinding
action on the food and removes some of the water from the food. Hydrochloric acid and
digestive enzymes are mixed with food in the omasum.
 The abomasum is the fourth compartment of the stomach. The abomasum is also referred
to as the true stomach because it is similar to the stomach in monogastric animals.

 PSEUDO-RUMINANT DIGESTIVE SYSTEM


 A pseudo-ruminant is an animal that eats
large amounts of roughage but does not have a
stomach with several compartments. The
digestive system does some of the same
functions as those of ruminants. For example,
in the horse, the cecum ferments forages. An
animal with a pseudo-ruminant digestive
system can utilize large amounts of roughages
because of the greatly enlarged cecum and
large intestine, which provide areas for
microbial digestion of fiber. Pseudo-ruminants
often eat forages as well as grains and other
concentrated foods. Besides horses, examples Figure 10 Rabbit Digestive System
of pseudo-ruminants are rabbits, guinea pigs, Source: LSarhan, 2018
and hamsters.

 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
 The primary function of the respiratory system
is to supply the blood with oxygen to all parts
of the body.
 The complexity of the respiratory system is
correlated with the size of the organism.
 The human respiratory system consists of the
nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi,
lungs, and diaphragm.
 In humans, exchange of gases occurs in the
lungs through breathing while in small Figure 11 Human Respiratory System
multicellular organisms occur in the surface Source:https://www.onlinebiologynotes.com/re
membrane through diffusion like cnidarians spiration-types-of-respiration-and-anatomy-of-
human-respiratory-system/
and flatworms.
 Earthworms and amphibians use their skin (integument) as a respiratory organ. A dense
network of capillaries lies just below the skin and facilitates gas exchange between the
external environment and the circulatory system. The respiratory surface must be kept
moist in order for the gases to dissolve and diffuse
across cell membranes.
 Fishes and many other aquatic organisms have
evolved gills to take up the dissolved oxygen from
water. Gills are thin tissue filaments that are
highly branched and folded. When water passes
over the gills, the dissolved oxygen in water
rapidly diffuses across the gills into the
bloodstream. The circulatory system can then
carry the oxygenated blood to the other parts of
the body. In animals that contain coelomic fluid
instead of blood, oxygen diffuses across the gill Figure 12 Fish Respiratory System
surfaces into the coelomic fluid. Gills are found in Source:https://courses.lumenlearning.c
om/wm-biology2/chapter/different-
mollusks, annelids, and crustaceans.
types-of-respiratory-systems/

Author: Maricel B. Pitogo


School/Station: Sta. Cruz National High School
Division: Agusan del Sur
email address: maricel.pitogo004@deped.gov.ph
 TRACHEAL SYSTEM
Tracheal System
 Insect respiration is independent of its
circulatory system; therefore, the blood
does not play a direct role in oxygen
transport. Insects have a highly
specialized type of respiratory system
called the tracheal system, which
consists of a network of small tubes that
carries oxygen to the entire body. The
tracheal system is the most direct and Spiracle
efficient respiratory system in active Figure 13 Insects Respiratory System
animals. The tubes in the tracheal system Source:
are made of a polymeric material called https://courses.lumenlearning.com/wm-
chitin. biology2/chapter/different-types-of-respiratory-
 Insect bodies have openings, called systems/
spiracles, along the thorax and abdomen. These openings connect to the tubular
network, allowing oxygen to pass into the body and regulating the diffusion of CO 2 and
water vapor. Air enters and leaves the tracheal system through the spiracles. Some
insects can ventilate the tracheal system with body movements.

 REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
 The reproductive system has multiple functions in animals and may vary in types and
processes.
 There are two types of reproduction: sexual and asexual reproduction.
 Sexual reproduction starts with the combination of a sperm and an egg in a process
called fertilization while asexual reproduction produces offspring that are genetically
identical to the parent because the offspring are all clones of the original parent.
 Fertilization occurs either inside (internal fertilization) or outside (external fertilization)
the body of the female.
 Internal fertilization occurs in terrestrial (animal living on
a
land) animals, though it is followed by some of the aquatic
animals also while external fertilization occurs in aquatic
environments where both eggs and sperm are released into
the air. After the sperm reaches the egg, fertilization takes
place. Few vertebrates, fish, sea urchins, all aquatic
invertebrates and most amphibians are oviparity, b
viviparity, ovoviviparity.
 Oviparity is followed by the animals that lay eggs outside
and is provided by a nourishment in an egg yolk as shown
in figure 15a Harmonia axydridis beetles hatching. These
animals are called oviparous, like birds, most
amphibians, reptiles, bony fish, and some cartilaginous c
fishes.
 Ovoviviparity, the eggs are retained in the female’s body
and nourishment is provided from the egg yolk to the
developing embryo and hatched when they’re fully Figure 14 a) Oviparity,
developed. Sharks, lizards, snakes follow this process as b) Ovoviviparity and c)
shown in figure 15b pregnant Xiphophorus maculatus. viviparity
Source:
 Viviparity is followed by mammals, few reptiles and
https://opentextbc.ca/biolo
cartilaginous fishes. The offspring develops within the gy/chapter/13-1how-
body of a female and receives nourishment through the animals0-reproduce/
placenta from the mother’s blood which later comes out
from the mother’s body and are called as viviparous as
shown in figure 15c newborn squirrel (Rachna, 2018).

Author: Maricel B. Pitogo


School/Station: Sta. Cruz National High School
Division: Agusan del Sur
email address: maricel.pitogo004@deped.gov.ph
Activities

Activity No. 1: General Characteristics of Organ Systems


Objective: Describe the general characteristics of different organ systems in representative
animals.
What you need: Pen and paper
What to do: Based on the figures showing the organ systems, describe the general
characteristics of the following representative animals:
A. Digestive System
Directions: Based on the figures below, describe the general characteristics of the digestive
system of the following representative animals:

Figure 15a Human Digestive Sytem Figure 15b Bird Digestive System
Source: https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/ Source: https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/

Figure 15c Cattle Digestive System Figure 15d Rabbit Digestive System
Source: Courtesy of the Oklahoma Source: LSarhan, 2018
Department of Career and Technology
Education, Curriculum and Intructional
Materials Center

Guide Questions:
1. What type of digestive system do humans, birds, cattle and rabbits have?
2. How many stomach compartments do humans, birds, cattle and rabbits have?
3. How many times humans, birds, cattle and rabbits chew their food?
4. How efficient is the digestive system of humans, birds, cattle and rabbits in digesting plants
and plant byproducts?
Humans Birds Cattle Rabbits
1. Type of Digestive System
(Monogastric, Avian, Ruminant,
Pseudo-Ruminant)
2.Number of stomach
compartments (1, 2, 3, 4)
3. Number of times food is chewed
(Never, Once, Twice, Several times)
4. Efficiency in digesting plants and
plant byproducts (Limited, Highly
Developed)

Author: Maricel B. Pitogo


School/Station: Sta. Cruz National High School
Division: Agusan del Sur
email address: maricel.pitogo004@deped.gov.ph
B. Respiratory System
Directions: Describe the general characteristics of the respiratory systems of fish, human,
cockroach and earthworm.

Figure 16a Fish Respiratory System Figure 17b Human Respiratory System
Source: https://courses.lumenlearning.com/ Source: Encyclopedia Britannica. Inc.
wm-biology2/chapter/different-types-of-respiratory/

Figure 16c Cockroach Respiratory System Figure 16d Earthworm Respiratory System
Source: https://www.examfear.com/notes- Source: https://slideplayer.com/slide/6493540/
dir/00/00/13/00001335.html

Guide Questions:
1. What is the breathing organ of fish, human, cockroach and earthworm?
2. What is the source of their oxygen?

Fish Human Cockroach Earthworm


1. Name of breathing
organ
2. Source of oxygen
(air/water)

Author: Maricel B. Pitogo


School/Station: Sta. Cruz National High School
Division: Agusan del Sur
email address: maricel.pitogo004@deped.gov.ph
C. Circulatory System
Directions: Based on the figures below, describe the general characteristics of the circulatory
systems of the representative animals.

Figure 17a Fish Circulatory System Figure 17b Frog Circulatory System
Source:http://organismalbio.biosci.gatech.edu/nutrition-transport-and-homeostasis/animal-circulatory-systems/

Figure 17c Lizard Circulatory System Figure 17d Monkey Circulatory System
Source: http://organismalbio.biosci.gatech.edu/nutrition-transport-and-homeostasis/animal-circulatory-systems/

Guide Questions:
1. How many heart chambers of the fish, frog, lizard and monkey?
2. How many circulatory routes of the fish, frog, lizard and monkey?
3. What type of circulatoy system does a fish, frog, lizard and monkey has?

Fish Frog Lizard Monkey

1. Number of heart chambers (1, 2, 3, 4 )

2. Number of circulatory routes (1, 2)

3. Type of Circulatory System


(open/closed)

Author: Maricel B. Pitogo


School/Station: Sta. Cruz National High School
Division: Agusan del Sur
email address: maricel.pitogo004@deped.gov.ph
D. Nervous System
Directions: Based on the figures below, describe the general characteristics of the nervous
systems of the representative animals.

Figure 2 Nervous Systems of Different Animals


Source: http://course.lumenlearning.com/wm-biology 2/chapter/diversity-of-nervous-systems

Guide Questions:
1. Does Central Nervous System present or absent in sea star, flatworm, octopus and human?
2. Does Peripheral Nervous System present or absent in sea star, flatworm, octopus and human?
3. What is the location of the nerve cords in sea star, flatworm, octopus and human?
4. What Nervous System Structure is used by sea star, flatworm, octopus and human to respond
to its environment?

Hydra Sea Star Planarian Bee Octopus Human


1. Central Nervous System
(Present/ Absent)
2. Peripheral Nervous System
(Present/ Absent)
3. Location of the nerve cords
(Ventral /Dorsal)
4. Nervous System Structure
(Brain, Spinal Cord, Nerve
Cells or Ganglia, Nerve Net,
Nerve Cords, No NS Structure)

Author: Maricel B. Pitogo


School/Station: Sta. Cruz National High School
Division: Agusan del Sur
email address: maricel.pitogo004@deped.gov.ph
Activity 2: Organ Systems of Different Animals
Objective: Describe the unique characteristics of the different organ systems in representative
animals.
What you need: Pen and Paper
What to do: You are going to describe the unique characteristics of the different organ systems
of the representative animals by giving brief descriptions to complete the table below. Do not
answer the shaded part of the table.

Animals Organ Systems

Nervous Circulatory Digestive Respiratory Reproductive


System System System System System
A. Mollusks 1 2 3

B. Arthropods 4 5

C. Insects 6 7

D. Fish 8 9 10

E. Amphibians 11 12

F. Reptiles 13 14

G. Birds 15 16

H. Mammals 17 18 19 20

Reflection
Directions: Which of the concepts listed in the table below interest you the most? the least?
Please put a check mark to the column that corresponds to your answer.

Organ Systems Most Interesting Least Interesting


Nervous System
Circulatory System
Digestive System
Respiratory System
Reproductive System

Directions: Write your answer in two sentences in a separate sheet of paper.


2. Did the activities help you understand the topic? (Yes /No). Explain your answer.
3. What is the significance/ connection of the topic in your life?

Author: Maricel B. Pitogo


School/Station: Sta. Cruz National High School
Division: Agusan del Sur
email address: maricel.pitogo004@deped.gov.ph
References for learners:

CK 12. “Bird Structure and Function ”Flex Books, September 24, 2016.
Retrieved from https://www.Ck12.org/book/Ck-12-Biology-Concepts/section/12.19.
Lumen. “Anatomy of Nervous Systems”. Retrieved from
http://lumenlearning.com/microbiology/chapter/ anatomy-of-the-nervous-system/
Lumen. Animal reproduction methods. Retrieved from
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundle biology/chapter/reproduction-methods/
Lumen. “Different Type of Respiratory Systems”. Retrieved from
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/wm-biology2/chapter/different-types-of-respiratory-
systems/
Lumen. “The circulatory system”. Retrieved from https://courses.lumenlearning.com/wm
biology 2/chapter/circulatory-system-variation-in-animals/
Lumen. “Diversity of Nervous System”. Retrieved from https://courses.lumenlearning.com/wm
biology2/chapter/diversity-of-nervous-systems/
LSarhan. “How the Rabbit Digestive System Works”. 2018. Retrieved from
htpps://owlcation.com/stem/How-the-Rabbit-Digestive-System-Works/
Molnar, C. Gair, J. “ How Animals Reproduce. Retrieved from https:// opentext bc.ca/biology/
chapter/13-1-how-animals-reproduce/
Oklahoma Department of Career and Technology Education, Curriculum and Instructional
Center.(n.d). Agriscience principles and applications:Unit 1: Animal nutrition and Digestion.
Retrieved from www. Okcimc.com
Organismal Biology. “Animal Circulatory System”. Retrieved from https://organismalbio.
biosci.gatech.edu/nutrition-transport-and homeostasis/animal-circulatory-systems/
Pinterest. “Digestive System Function Bodytomy”. Retrieved from
https://pinterest.ph/pin/36176578
Poultry Hub. “Digestive System”. Retrieved from https://poultryhub.org/physiology/body-
systems/ digestive-system/
PSLE Science-Systems. “Human Circulatory System”. Retrieved from
https: quizlet.com/215357676/psle science – systems-human-circulatory-system-
flash-cards/
Rachna, C. “Differences between internal and external fertilization,Biodifferences”. February 8,
2018. Retrieved from https://biodifferences.com/difference0-between-internal-and-
external-fertilization.html.
Slideplayer.”Respiratory System”. Retrieved from https://slideplayer.com/slide/6493540

Author: Maricel B. Pitogo


School/Station: Sta. Cruz National High School
Division: Agusan del Sur
email address: maricel.pitogo004@deped.gov.ph
email address: maricel.pitogo004@deped.gov.ph
Division: Agusan del Sur
School/Station: Sta. Cruz National High School
Author: Maricel B. Pitogo
Hydra Sea Planarian Bee Octopus Human
Star
1. Central Nervous System Absent Absent Present Present Present Present
(Present/ Absent)
2. Peripheral Nervous Present Present Present Present Present Present
System (Present/ Absent)
3. Location of the nerve Ventral Ventral Ventral Ventral Ventral Dorsal
cords (Ventral /Dorsal)
4. Nervous System Nerve Nerve Brain, Brain, Brain, Brain,
Structure (Brain, Spinal Net Cells Nerve Ganglia Nerve Spinal
Cord, Nerve Cells or Cords Cells or Cord,
Ganglia, Nerve Net, Nerve Ganglia Nerve
Cords, No NS Structure) Cells
D. Nervous System
Fish Frog Lizard Monkey
1. Number of heart chambers (1, 2, 3, 4 ) 2 3 3 4
2. Number of circulatory routes (1, 2) 1 2 2 2
3. Type of Circulatory System Closed Closed Closed Closed
(open/closed)
C. Circulatory Systems
Fish Human Cockroach Earthworm
1. Name of breathing Gills Lung Trachea Skin
organ
2. Source of oxygen Water Air Air Air
B. Respiratory System
Humans Birds Cattle Rabbits
1. Type of Digestive System
(Monogastric, Avian, Ruminant, Monogastric Avian Ruminant Pseudo-
Pseudo-Ruminant) Ruminant
2.Number of stomach
compartments (1, 2, 3, 4) 1 2 4 3
3. Number of times food is chewed
(Never, Once, Twice, Several times) Once Never Several times Twice
4. Efficiency in digesting plants and Limited Highly Highly Limited
plant byproducts (Limited, Highly developed developed
Developed)
Activity 1: Digestive System
Answer Key
email address: maricel.pitogo004@deped.gov.ph
Division: Agusan del Sur
School/Station: Sta. Cruz National High School
Author: Maricel B. Pitogo
Organ Systems
Animals
Nervous Circulatory Digestive Respiratory Reproductive
System System System System System
A. Mollusks 1 Most 2 Have Open 3 Use gills as
complicated NS Circulatory a respiratory
among System organ
invertebrates
B. Arthropods 4 Have 5 Have Open
Peripheral Circulatory
Ganglia and System
Ventral Nerve
Cord
C. Insects 6 Contain 7 Use trachea
brain, Ventral as a
Nerve Cord and respiratory
Ganglia organ
NS is fairly
decentralized
D. Fishes 8 Have two- 9 Use gills as 10 Undergo
chambered a respiratory sexual
heart and single organ reproduction
circulatory and are
route oviparous
except sharks
E. Amphibians 11 Have three- 12 Use lungs
chambered and skin as
heart and two respiratory
circulatory organs
routes
F. Reptiles 13 Have three- 14 Undergo
chambered sexual
heart and two reproduction
circulatory and internal
routes fertilization
G. Birds 15 With 2 16 Undergo
stomach sexual
compartments; reproduction
Have crop, and are
gizzard and oviparous
cloaca
H. Mammals 17 Have CNS 18 Have four- 19 Use lungs 20 Undergo
and PNS chambered to breathe sexual
with Dorsal heart and two reproduction
Nerve Cord circulatory and mostly
routes viviparous
Activity 2: Organ Systems of Different Animals

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