REACTIONS, MIXTURES, AND FILTRATION

By Ammar Musaab
SO WHAT ARE PHYSICAL
CHANGES?
And why are they so important?
 PHYSICAL CHANGES
➤ Physical changes are changes a ecting the form of a
chemical substance, but not its chemical
composition.
➤ These changes occur when matter changes its
property but not its chemical nature.
➤ In general a physical change is reversible using
physical means. For example, salt dissolved in water
can be recovered by allowing the water to evaporate.
➤ Physical changes are used to separate mixtures into
their component compounds, but can not usually be
used to separate compounds into chemical elements
or simpler compounds
➤

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SO WHAT EXACTLY ARE CHEMICAL

CHANGES?
Why are they so important and what’s the di erence between
these two changes ?

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 CHEMICAL CHANGES
➤ A chemical change, or chemical reaction, occurs
when atoms of a substance are rearranged, and the
bonds between the atoms are broken or formed.
➤ Substances react to each other; they combine in
new ways to form other substances.
➤ The old matter is not lost, just changes to a
di erent kind of matter.
➤ It's through chemical reactions that plants grow,
produce fruit, and become compost for new
plants.
➤ It's because of chemical reactions that human
beings (and all other animals) reproduce, digest,
grow, heal, and think.
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WHAT’S THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL REACTIONS?

➤ One way to tell whether a change is physical or chemical is to ask whether the change can be
easily reversed. Most Chemical changes are much harder to reverse than physical changes.

➤ The main di erence between a physical reaction and a chemical reaction is composition.

➤ In a chemical reaction, there is a change in the composition of the substances in question.

➤ In a physical change there is a di erence in the appearance, smell, or simple display of a

sample of matter without a change in composition.

➤ Although we call them physical “reactions”, no reaction is actually occurring. In order for a
reaction to take place, there must be a change in the elemental composition of the substance
in question. Thus it is more correct to refer to physical “ reactions” as physical changes.
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WHAT ARE MIXTURES?

What are it’s Types?
 MIXTURES AND THEIR TYPES
➤ Mixtures : In chemistry, a mixture is a substance that is made up of two or more simpler
substances. These substances can be chemical elements or compounds. A mixture can be
made of liquids, solids, or gases.
➤ Examples of Mixtures are :(cement, sea water , gasoline , and sea foam)
➤ There are two types of mixtures
➤ Homogeneous mixture: Homogeneous mixtures appear uniform to the eye. They consist of
a single phase, be it liquid, gas, or solid, no matter where you sample them or how closely you
examine them. The chemical composition is the same for any sample of the mixture.
➤ Heterogeneous mixtures are not uniform. If you take two samples from di erent parts of the
mixture, they will not have an identical composition. You can use a mechanical method to
separate components of a heterogeneous mixture (e.g., sorting candies in a bowl or ltering
rocks to separate them from sand).

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 FILTRATION: WHAT IT IS AND HOW IT’S DONE

➤ Filtration: Is the process of removing suspended
solids from water by passing the water through a
permeable fabric or porous bed of materials.
➤ The term " ltration" applies whether the lter is
mechanical, biological, or physical.
➤ The uid that passes through the lter is called
the ltrate.
➤ The lter medium may be a surface lter, which is
a solid that traps solid particles, or a depth lter,
which is a bed of material that traps the solid
➤ Filter paper : is a semi-permeable paper barrier
placed perpendicular to a liquid or air ow. It is
used to separate ne solid particles from liquids
or gases.
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“
Life is a chemical reaction, it only requires
balancing!

-Priyavrat Gupta

 SUMMARY
➤ Physical changes are changes a ecting the ➤ There are two types of
form of a chemical substance, but not its mixtures;Homogeneous mixture:
chemical composition. Homogeneous mixtures appear uniform to
the eye. Heterogeneous mixtures are not
➤ A chemical change, or chemical reaction,
uniform.
occurs when atoms of a substance are
rearranged, and the bonds between the atoms ➤ Filtration: Is the process of removing
are broken or formed. suspended solids from water by passing the
water through a permeable fabric or porous
➤ One way to tell whether a change is physical
bed of materials.
or chemical is to ask whether the change can
be easily reversed. Most Chemical changes are ➤ Filter paper : is a semi-permeable paper
much harder to reverse than physical changes. barrier placed perpendicular to a liquid or air
ow. It is used to separate ne solid particles
➤ Mixtures : In chemistry, a mixture is a
from liquids or gases.
substance that is made up of two or more
simpler substances
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