Concrete Structures

Introduction & Beam Design (Bending)

Summer 2020
CSULB

Kumars Zandparsa
5/16/2020
Live Load
 Loading

Types of loading on Structures:

1- Static:
Static loading is a load that doesn’t change over time.
2- Dynamic (with sudden change):
A dynamic load is any force that changes with time, such as
people walking, Earthquake, and wind. Sometimes in
structural engineering we treat these as static loads in order to
simplify calculations. For example, live load (people walking),
we will take it as static uniform load.

Sources of Loads:
1- Dead Load: Including weight of structural and non structural elements
(Suspended ceiling) of the building.
2- Live Load: Including, Rain, Snow, Furniture, People, Car (Parking),
Book (Library), Temperature, ..
 RC (Reinforced Concrete) Design

In Reinforced Concrete Design (Strength Design Method)

Mn= Nominal Moment
Mu= Ultimate Moment
Ф = Strength Reduction Factor
Vn= Nominal Shear
Vu= Ultimate Shear
Pn= Nominal Axial Load
Pu= Ultimate Axial Load
 RC (Reinforced Concrete) Design

Concrete Modulus Of Elasticity (psi):

f’c= 28 days concrete compressive strength (psi)

Concrete creep is defined as:

deformation of structure under sustained
load.
Basically, long term pressure or stress on
concrete can make it change shape.
So fast-rate loading has less creep effect
than slow-rate loading.

Concrete shrinkage is defined as:

Shrinkage is a loss of moisture
content in concrete, due to
hydration of cement and
temperature.
 RC (Reinforced Concrete) Design

Tensile Fracture:
f’c= 28 days concrete compressive strength (psi)

Neutral axis is the axis at which strain (and

consequently stress) is zero when the beam is
subjected to bending. Neutral axis is perpendicular
to the plane of the loads.
Centroidal axis is the axis which the moment
of area above and below that axis are equal.
 RC (Reinforced Concrete) Design

Strain, Stress & Neutral Axis:

RC (Reinforced Concrete) Design
RC (Reinforced Concrete) Design
Concrete Cover
Standard Bar Area
 Determine the Flexural Strength of a
Rectangular beam According to the ACI code:
b= 12”, h= 20”
Example-1 f’c= 4ksi, fy= 60ksi.
 Determine the Concrete Dimensions & Steel area to Resist
the given loads According to the ACI code:
b= ?”, h= ?”, As=?
f’c= 4ksi, fy= 60ksi.
Example-2 wD= 1.27 k/ft including self-weight,
wL= 2.15 k/ft
 Determine the Required Steel area to Resist the given
Moment According to the ACI code:
b= 10”, h= 20”, As=?
f’c= 4ksi, fy= 60ksi.
Example-3 Mu= 1300”.kip
Homework

Chapter 4:
Problem 4-18
Problem 4-20
Problem 4-21
Beam Design

END