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BdMONationalPreparation Tutorial TarikAdnanMoon
BdMONationalPreparation Tutorial TarikAdnanMoon
RvZxq MwYZ Awjw¤úqv‡Wi Avi ‡ewkw`b evKx ‡bB| ZvB AvR RvZxq MwYZ Awjw¤úqv‡Wi
cÖ¯—ywZ wn‡m‡e wewfbœ mgm¨v Ges ‡m¸‡jv mgvav‡bi ‡KŠkj wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡e|
cÖvBgvix:
cÖvBgvix wefv‡M ‡h welq¸‡jv Rvb‡Z n‡e Zvnj cvUxMwYZ, msL¨vZË¡, exRMwYZ, R¨vwgwZ| cvkvcvwk wKQy avuav
RvZxq mgm¨v Ges avivi mgm¨vI mgvavb Ki‡Z nq| cvV¨eB‡qi cvkvcvwk (1),(2) bs eB ‡_‡K Abykxjb Kiv
‡h‡Z cv‡i| GLv‡b RvZxq MwYZ Awjw¤úqv‡Wi K‡qKwU mgm¨vi mgvavb ‡`Lv‡bv nj|
mgm¨v 1: cici `ywU ‡e‡Rvo msL¨vi ¸Ydj 143| msL¨v `ywU ‡ei Ki|
mgvavb: G mgm¨vwU mgvavb Ki‡Z n‡j Avgv‡`i msL¨v wb‡q GKUy ‡Lj‡Z n‡e! Avgiv ‡h‡nZy `ywU msL¨vi ¸Ydj
ZvB Avgiv msL¨vwU‡K Drcv`‡K we‡klY K‡i ‡`L‡Z cvwi; 143 = 11× 13 | BD‡iKv! Avgiv cici `ywU ‡e‡Rvo
msL¨v ‡c‡q ‡MwQ| msL¨v `ywU nj 11,13.
mgm¨v 33: A, B, C wZbwU e„‡Ëi g‡a¨ A me‡P‡q eo, B gvSvwi Ges C †QvU| A e„‡Ëi e¨vm 20
†m.wg.| e„˸‡jv Ggbfv‡e AvuKv nj †hb A Gi e¨vmva© B Gi e¨vm Ges B Gi e¨vmva©
C Gi e¨v‡mi mgvb nq| C e„‡Ëi †¶Îdj †ei Ki| (mvnvh¨: e„‡Ëi †¶Îdj = 3.14× e¨vmva©×e¨vmva©)
mgvavb: A Gi e¨vmva©=10= B Gi e¨vm| Avevi, B Gi e¨vmva©=5=C Gi e¨vm| myZivs, Avgiv cvB,
C Gi e¨vmva©=5/2 ‡m.wg.| d‡j, ‡¶Îdj=3.14× 5/2×5/2=19.625|
mgm¨v 4: 200 wgUvi GKwU ‡`Šo c«wZ‡hvMxZvq Avigvb gvwb‡Ki ‡P‡q 200 wgUvi I wew_i ‡P‡q 29 wgUvi
GwM‡q ‡_‡K ‡`Šo ‡kl Kij| hw` ZL‡bv gvwbK I we_x Av‡Mi MwZ‡Z ‡`Šovq Zvn‡j wew_i ‡P‡q KZ wgUvi
Av‡M ‡_‡K gvwbK ‡`Šo ‡kl Ki‡e|
mgvavb: GiKg mgm¨v mgvav‡bi me‡P‡q fvj Dcvq nj cÖ_‡g wb‡Pi gZ K‡i GKUv Qwe AvuKv| KviY wb‡Pi Qwe
‡_‡K A‡bK wKQyB ¯úó n‡q hv‡”Q| Avgiv ‡`L‡Z cvw”Q ‡h wew_ 171 I gvwbK 180 wgUvi ‡`Šo ‡kl K‡i‡Q|
GLb Av‡Mi MwZ‡ZB `yBRb ‡`Šov‡j Avgiv ej‡Z cvwi ‡h, ‡h‡nZy 180 wgUvi ‡`Šo ‡kl Kivi mgq wew_ 171
200 × 171
wgUvi ‡`Šo ‡kl K‡i| myZivs, 200 wg. ‡`Šo ‡kl Kivi mgq wew_ ‡kl Ki‡e = 190 wgUvi|
180
myZivs, gvwbK 10 wgUvi Av‡M ‡_‡K ‡`Šo †kl Ki‡e|
mgm¨v 5: GKwU msL¨vi K_v fve hv 12 Gi e‡M©i †P‡q eo Ges 13 Gi e‡Mi© †P‡q †QvU|
msL¨vwU†K 5 Gi eM© Øviv fvM Ki‡j fvM‡kl _v‡K 3| ej‡Zv msL¨vwU KZ?
mgvavb: ‡h‡nZz, 122=144 Ges 132=169 ; Avgv‡`i ‡h msL¨vwU †ei Ki‡Z n‡e Zv 144 †_‡K eo n‡e wKš‘
169 ‡_‡K †QvU n‡e| Avgiv cÖ_‡g Ggb GKwU msL¨v †ei Kie hv, 5 Gi eM©,A_©vr, 25 w`‡q wefvR¨ n‡e| j¶¨
Ki, GiKg msL¨v¸‡jv nj 25,50,75,100,125,150,175,....| mxgvi g‡a¨ Av‡Q 150| d‡j 150+3=153 B
nj wb‡Y©q msL¨v|
mgm¨v 1: GKwU wÎfy‡Ri wZb evûi ‰`N¨© h_vµ‡g a,b,c|hw` a 2 + b 2 + c 2 = ab + bc + ca nq; Z‡e cÖgvY Ki
‡h, wÎfyRwU mgevû|
mgvavb: †QvU GKUv ‡KŠkj e¨envi Ki‡jB mgm¨vwU mgvavb n‡q hv‡e!
a 2 + b 2 + c 2 = ab + bc + ca
⇔ 2a 2 + 2b 2 + 2c 2 − 2ab − 2bc − 2ca = 0
⇔ (a 2 − 2ab + b 2 ) + (b 2 − 2bc + c 2 ) + (c 2 − 2ca + a 2 ) = 0
⇔ (a − b) 2 + (b − c) 2 + (c − a ) 2 = 0
Avgiv Rvwb K‡qKwU ev¯—e msL¨vi e‡M©i ‡hvMdj 0 n‡j Zv‡`i cÖ‡Z¨KwU Avjv`vfv‡e 0 nq|
d‡j, (a − b) 2 = (b − c) 2 = (c − a) 2 = 0 | GLvb ‡_‡K mn‡RB ejv hvq ‡h, a = b = c | A_©vr, wÎfyRwU
mgevû|
mgm¨v 3: p, 3 Gi ‡P‡q eo GKwU ‡gŠwjK msL¨v| p 2 ‡K 12 Øviv fvM Ki‡j KZ Aewkó _vK‡e?
mgvavb: Avgiv GLv‡b wWwfkb Gj‡Mvwi`g e¨envi Kie| (fq cvevi wKQy ‡bB, A‡bK Av‡MB Avgiv wk‡LwQ ‡h,
fvR¨=fvRK×fvMdj+fvM‡kl; GUvB wWwfkb Gj‡Mviw`g!)
12 w`‡q †h‡Kvb msL¨v‡K fvM Ki‡j fvM‡kl n‡Z cv‡i 12 wU| (0,...,11)
myZivs Avgiv msL¨vwU‡K wjL‡Z cvwi, p=12k+0, p=12k+1, p=12k+3, p=12k+4, ........, p=12k+11.
GKUy †Lqvj Ki‡jB eyS‡Z cvi‡e †h, 12k+1, 12k+5, 12k+7, 12k+11 ev‡` Ab¨ †Kvb msL¨v ‡gŠwjK n‡Z
cv‡i bv| [KviY, 12k Gi GKvwaK Drcv`K Av‡Q, p=12k+2=6(6k+1) GiI Aš—Z `ywU Drcv`K Av‡Q,
Gfv‡e evKx¸‡jvI cix¶v K‡i †`Lv hvq|]
GLb, cÖvß gvb PviwU‡K eM© K‡i ‡`L‡jB Avgiv cve ‡h, 12 w`‡q fvM Ki‡j cÖwZ‡¶‡Î fvM‡kl _vK‡e 1|
GKwU K‡i ‡`Lv‡bv nj: p 2 = (12k + 11) 2 = 144k 2 + 2.12.11k + 121 = 12(12k 2 + 22k + 10) + 1
mgm¨v 4: ABCD GKwU PZzf©yR| Gi AB ‡iLvq M I N `yBwU we›`y hv‡Z AM=MN=NB Ges CD ‡iLvq
1
P,Q we›`y hv‡Z CP=PQ=QD| cÖgvY Ki ‡h, ‡¶Îdj AMCP= †¶Îdj ABCD|
3
mgm¨v 1: c«_g 2008 wU abvZ¥K ‡Rvo msL¨vi ‡hvMdj ‡_‡K cÖ_g 2008 wU we‡Rvo msL¨vi ‡hvMdj we‡qvM Kiv
nj| we‡qvMdj KZ?
mgvavb: GB mgm¨v mgvav‡bi Rb¨ ïaygvÎ ‡Rvo Ges we‡Rvo msL¨vi avivwU wj‡L ‡djvB h‡_ó;
‡Rvo msL¨vi aviv: 2+4+6+…+2.2008
we‡Rvo msL¨vi aviv: 1+3+5+…+2.2008-1
we‡qvMdj= 1+1+1+…+1=2008
(m~‡Îi mvnv‡h¨I mgvavb Kiv hv‡e, Z‡e wnmve wKQyUv RwUj n‡e|)
mgm¨v 3: aiv hvK, a GKwU c~Y© msL¨v| Avevi m=4a+3 I m,11 Gi ¸wYZK| a 4 ‡K 11 Øviv fvM Kiv n‡j
KZ Aewkó _vK‡e?
mgvavb: mod 11 wb‡q cvB,
4a + 3 ≡ 0 mod 11 ⇔ 4a ≡ −3 ≡ 8 mod 11
⇔ a ≡ 2 mod 11 ⇔ a 4 ≡ 16 ≡ 5 mod 11
d‡j fvM‡kl 5|
mgm¨v 4: hw` m + 12 = p a Ges m −12 = p b nq| ‡hLv‡b a,b,m c~Ym©sL¨v Ges p nj ‡gŠwjK msL¨v| p>0
Gi mKj gvb ‡ei Ki| (mvnvh¨: p Gi wZbwU gvb m¤¢e)
mgvavb: mgxKiY `yB ‡_‡K cvB m = p a − 12 = p b + 12 ⇔ p b ( p a −b − 1) = 24
d‡j, p b = 1,2,2 2 ,2 3 ,3 | GLvb ‡_‡K Avgiv mivmvwi pGi `yBwU gvb cvB|
hLb b=0, p b =1 eবং a-b=2&I p=5| mn‡RB ‡`Lv hvq ‡h Avi ‡Kvb mgvavb m¤¢e bq| d‡j, p = 2,3,5
mgm¨v 5: 1,2,3 GB wZbwU A¼ w`‡q Ggb GKwU 5 A¼wewkó msL¨v ‰Zwi Kiv nj| msL¨vwU‡Z Kgc‡¶ GKevi
1,2,3 Av‡QB| GiKg KZwU 5 A¼wewkó msL¨v ‰Zwi Kiv hv‡e?
mgvavb: cÖ_‡g Avgiv j¶¨ Kwi †h, GB wZbwU A¼ e¨envi K‡i ‡Kvb kZ© Qvov msL¨v MVb Kiv hv‡e 35 wU|
Avevi ïay 1,2 w`‡q msL¨v ‰Zix Kiv hvq 2 5 wU| ïay 2,3 ev 3,1 e¨envi K‡iI 2 5 wU msL¨v MVb Kiv hvq|
A_©vr, kZ© †g‡b 35 − 3.2 5 = 147 wU msL¨v MVb Kiv hvq| mgm¨vwUi mgvavb mwVK g‡b n‡jI Avm‡j GwU
m¤ú~Y©fv‡e mwVK bq! KviY Avgiv wKQy msL¨v কম MYbv K‡iwQ| KviY-1,2 w`‡q evbv‡bv msL¨vq †hgb-11111
_vK‡e †Zgwb 3,1 w`‡q evbv‡bv msL¨vqI GwU _vK‡e myZivs GiKg wZbwU `yBevi msL¨v ev` †`Iqv msL¨v †hvM
K‡i cvB, 147+3=150 wU wfbœ msL¨v MVb m¤¢e|
QO QK
(2) KO || MC ⇒ OC = KM
QM QK
(1) o (2) হেত পাi, MP = KM ।aথাৎ KM || PN
cwi‡kl:
RvZxq Awjw¤úqv‡W wewfbœ K¨v‡UMixi cÖ¯—ywZi Rb¨ ‡Kvb wbw`©ó wm‡jevm ‡bB| Z‡e mevi Av‡M cvV¨eB‡qi Dci
fvj `Lj _vK‡Z n‡e| KviY Awjw¤úqv‡Wi c«kœ Ggbfv‡e Kiv nq hv‡Z AwaKvsk mgm¨vi mgvavb cvV¨eB‡q
‡`Iqv wewfbœ aviYvi Dci wfwË K‡iB Kiv hvq| Z‡e ‡h‡Kvb ai‡Yi mgm¨vB Avm‡Z cv‡i| G‡¶‡Î wKQy ‡ewk
‡KŠkj Rvbv _vK‡j Zv Aek¨B mgm¨v mgvav‡bi Rb¨ mnvqK n‡e| Z‡e, ‡m‡KÛvix Ges nvqvi ‡m‡KÛvix Rb¨
cvV¨eB‡qi Ávb memgq h‡_ó bq| KviY, Kw¤^‡bUwiKm ev msL¨vZ‡Ë¡i gZ welq¸‡jv Avgv‡`i ¯‹yj-K‡j‡R
‡mfv‡e ‡kLv‡bv nqbv| Z‡e Gme wel‡q AmsL¨ Bs‡iRx eB Av‡Q| ZvB fvj Ki‡Z n‡j Gme eB covi Af¨vm
M‡o Zyj‡Z n‡e|
mgm¨v mgvavb ‡Kgb K‡i Ki‡Z nq Zv ‡kLvi GKgvÎ Dcvq cÖPyi mgm¨v mgvavb Kiv| ZvB RvZxq Awjw¤úqv‡W
fvj Ki‡Z n‡j mviv eQi cÖ¯—ywZ wb‡Z n‡e| Z‡e ‡kl gyn~‡Z©i cÖ¯—ywZ wn‡m‡e wb‡Pi eB¸‡jv ‡_‡K mgm¨v Abykxjb
Ges wewfbœ Kjv‡KŠkj ‡kLv ‡h‡Z cv‡i| ZvQvov I I‡qemvBU¸‡jv‡Z Awjw¤úqv‡Wi Rb¨ mnvqK wewfbœ ‡jLv
Ges MwYZ Awjw¤úqv‡Wi cÖkœ cvIqv hv‡e| RvZxq MwYZ Awjw¤úqv‡W AskMÖnYKvix mevi Rb¨ ïfKvgbv iBj|
I‡qemvBU:
1. http://matholympiad.org.bd
2. http://kmcbd.tk/
‡jLK:
ZvwiK Av`bvb gyb
m`m¨, evsjv‡`k RvZxq MwYZ `j,
Avš—R©vwZK MwYZ Awjw¤úqvW, 2007, 2008|
24 Rvbyqvix 2009
***GB cÖeÜwU ‰`wbK c«_g Av‡jvÕi MwYZ BkKyj wefv‡M cÖKvwkZe¨|
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