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ISSN 0853 - 4217
ABSTRACT
Myelocytes blood cell tumor in chicken is a disease caused by retrovirus, avian leukosis virus subgroup J
(ALV-J). The virus has the same group as human retrovirus (HIV) which caused AIDS, but the avian type
possesses oncogenic properties, that could induce cell transformation and tumor formation. ALV-J stimulates
the bone marrow's myelocytes and transforms them into tumor cell myelocytoma. The tumor cells then
metastasis through the circulatory system causing myeloid leukosis and tumor cells accumulation in various
internal organs or myelocytomatosis. This study was done on the base of the leukosis behavior of the tumor.
The finding of the metastasis tumor cell in the blood smear examination is thought could be use as the
diagnostic clue of the disease. Blood smear from sick chickens are collected and stained with some chemical
staining substance such as may grunwald-giemsa, hematoxyllin eosin, periodic acid Schiff, congo red, toluidine
blue, and sudan black B. Cytochemistry character of the blood cells was observed using light microscope. The
result showed that myelocytes granules were best observed using hematoxyllin eosin, periodic acid Schiff,
congo red and toluidine blue while may grunwald-giemsa, and sudan black B could not differentiate the
granules. By this method, the field veterinarian will able to screen the suspected chicken flock for myeloid
leukosis earlier than the occurrence of tumor formation.
Keywords: avian leukosis; blood smear; myeloid leukosis; myelocytomatosis; avian blood cell tumor
Gambar 2a. Sel Myelosit pada sumsum tulang, dengan Gambar 3a Sel myelosit pada sumsum tulang, dengan
pewarnaan May-Grunwald Giemsa. Granula pewarnaan biru toluidin. Granula myelosit
myeloslt t~dakmenyerap warna. Skala = 1 um menyerap warna biru. Skala = 1pm
KESIMPULAN
Dari pewarna kimia yang digunakan untuk
mencirikan sitokimia granula sel myelosit meng-
gunakan pewarna hematoksilin eosin, May Grunwald-
Giemsa, biru toluidin, asam periodat Schiff, merah
kongo, dan hitarn sudan B, granula sel myelosit
menunjukkan reaksi positif pada pewarnaan
hematoksilin eosin, biru toluidin, asam periodat Schiff,
Gambar 5b Sel myelosit pada ulas buffy coat, dengan dan merah kongo. Tidak ada pewarnaan dengan May
pewarnaan merah kongo. Granula myelosit
berwarna merah jingga menunjukkan granula Grunwald-Giemsa dan hitam sudan B.
myelosit mengandung massa karbohidrat. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lanjutan mengenai
Skala = 1prn penerapan teknik histokimia dalam mendeteksi kejadi-
an penyakit sel tumor darah myelosit pada unggas-
Hitam sudan B mewarnai komponen asam dari lipid. unggas sakit di lapangan.
Kandungan lipid akan terlihat berwarna hitam dengan
pewarnaan ini (Kiernan 1990). Granula sel myelosit
tidak menyerap warna pada pewarnaan hitam sudan B
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
rnenunjukkan bahwa granula sel myelosit tidak berisi Arshad SS, Howes K, Barron GS, Smith LM, Russel PH,
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strain of 1 subgroup avian leukosis virus and of a
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