TYPES OF CONCRETE

  
 Types of Concrete
 Pre-Packed Concrete
It is used in special situations such as where a
large volume of concrete has to be concreted
without construction joints. It prepared by
placing coarse aggregate in a formworks and
later injecting a Portland cement-sand grout,
usually with admixtures, to fill the voids.

 Shotcrete Concrete
It is also commonly used when access to a
work area is difficult or when formwork is
impractical or cost-prohibitive. It is prepared
in the same manner as ordinary, but the
difference is that they are placed differently.
They are placed with the help of higher air
pressure through nozzles.

 Vacuum Concrete
It is used to attain the strength of concrete
early. It will attain the compressive strength
within the period of 10 days. In this type,
more quantity of water is added to the
concrete mix, and then the mixture is poured
into the formwork. The excess water is then
removed from the concrete with the help of a
vacuum pump. That is why it is called vacuum
concrete.

 Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete

It is used in place where increased resistance
to cracking due to plastic shrinkage and to
drying shrinkage is required. In this type of
concrete, steel fibers of 10 to 20 microns in
diameter and 10 to 50 mm in length is added
to concrete. Fiber increases resilience, tensile
strength, flexibility, and other qualities of
concrete.
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 Stamped Concrete
It is used to resemble other building materials
makes stamped concrete a less expensive
alternative to using those other authentic
materials such as stone, slate or brick. A stamp
of different shape and design placed on the
concrete structures when they are in their
plastic state to acquire an appealing look design.

 High Strength Concrete

High-performance concrete is used to achieve
some special properties in concrete like high
strength, low shrinkage, self-compaction, high
fire resistance, etc. It is prepared by lowering
the water-cement (W/C) ratio to 0.35 or lower.
Often silica fume is added to prevent the
formation of free calcium hydroxide crystals in
the cement matrix, which might reduce the
strength at the cement-aggregate bond.

 Asphalt Concrete
It is commonly used in construction of roads,
highways, airports, parking lots, and many
other types of pavement. Asphalt paving
material is a dull black mixture of asphalt
cement, sand, and crushed rock. After being
heated, it is dumped out steaming hot onto
the roadbed, raked level, and then
compacted by a heavy steamroller.

 Permeable Concrete
Permeable Concrete is also called Previous
Concrete. It is used in those areas where storm
water issues persist. Permeable concrete is
prepared in such a manner that the water can
be passed in it. They have about 15 to 20%
voids so that the water can pass in it.
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 Fly Ash Concrete
Fly Ash using in concrete is called fly ash
concrete. Fly ash can be used to replace fine
aggregates or cement or to replace partially
both. Up to 30 percent fine aggregates and 20
percent cement can be replaced by using fly
ash. Fly ash improves workability in the fresh
concrete and durability and strength in
hardened concrete.

 Polymer Concrete
Polymer concrete is prepared by mixing a
polymeric resin with aggregate mixture. Micro
fillers are also employed sometimes to fill the
voids contained in the aggregate mixture. It is
used to reduce the porosity of the concrete
and to improve its strength and other
properties.

 Pumped Concrete
Pumped concrete is used for high rise buildings
where concrete conveyance other than the
pump is not easy task. They are made
workable enough for an easy conveyance.
Fines material are used for a better supply. The
more, the finer material, the easy will be the
discharge.

 Roller Compacted Concrete

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 Roller compacted concrete is mostly used as a filling material. They don’t have a better
strength value. They are lean concrete and are compacted with the help of heavy
means, like rollers. Very less amount of cement is used in this type of concrete.

 Glass Concrete
When the recycled glass is used as an
aggregate in the concrete, this type of
concrete is known as Glass Concrete. They
provide better thermal insulation and also
have a great appealing look as compared to
other types of concrete.

 Rapid Hardening Concrete

This type of concrete is mostly used in
underwater construction and in repairing of
roads. Because its hardening time is very
less, it can be hardened in just a few hours. It
is prepared by using Rapid Hardening
Portland Cement (RHPC) which is a special
purpose cement in concrete to achieve a
higher rate of early strength development.

 High-density Concrete
This type of concrete is also called heavy
weight concrete. These types of concrete are
prepared by using high density crushed rocks
as coarse aggregates. They are mostly used in
atomic power plants and other similar
structures because it provides good protection
from all type of radiations.

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 Pre-stressed Concrete
In this type of concrete, the reinforcement bars
are tensioned before being embedded in the
concrete. The result is that when the concrete
sets and hardens, the whole concrete
members, so the cast is put into compression.
This sort of arrangement makes the concrete
also stronger against tension, which is the
principal cause of the development of tension
cracks in un-tensioned reinforced concrete.

 Lightweight Concrete
It is prepared by using a lightweight aggregate
like pumice, scoria, perlite and vermiculite in
concrete. Lightweight concrete has very low
thermal conductivity. They are used, depending
upon their composition, for thermal insulation,
for protecting steel structures, they are also
used in long span bridge decks, and even as
building blocks.

 Lime Concrete
In this type of concrete, lime is used as a
binding material with the aggregates. Before
the invention of cement, the mostly used
concrete was lime concrete. Lime concrete is
also used in floors, domes, etc.