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PHY1101L
Physics for– Engineers
PHYSICS 1 LABORATORY
Laboratory
ACTIVITIES AND EXPERIMENTS
CET 0122.1
1ST SEMESTER AY 2020 - 2021
Experiment 2
1 Subject
Code -
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Group No
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Section text.
VECTOR Click or tap
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ADDITION Name:
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text.
AND
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EQUILIBRIUM Lab Click or tap here to
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date.
OF FORCES
OBJECTIVES:
PRINCIPLE:
Forces are vector quantities acting on an object. They can be concurrent forces or parallel forces.
Forces that pass through the same point are called Concurrent forces (Fig. 2.1). Concurrent forces can be
demonstrated using a force table. Also, force table is a device used to demonstrate the equilibrant force.
Equilibrant force is a single force that balances the sum of the forces acting on a body. The sum of all forces
acting on the body is called Resultant forces. And the force that balances the effect of all forces acting on
the body is the Equilibrant force. Equilibrant force has the same magnitude as the resultant force but
directly opposite the direction of the resultant force
There are two ways to solve the resultant: Graphical Method and Analytical Method. For the
graphical method, one may choose the Parallelogram method or the Polygon (tip-tail) method. To solve
by graphical solution, vectors are scaled. In the parallelogram method, vectors are drawn from one original
point (origin of the axis). Then, draw vector lines parallel to them connected in their tip ends with their
tail-ends meet at one point. From the origin, draw a line towards the point where the two tail-ends meet.
This line represents the resultant of the two vectors. Alternatively, in the polygon method, the tip-end of
one vector is connected to the tail-end of the second vector. The tip-end of the third vector is then
connected to the tip-end of the second vector. And so on, until the last vector is connected to the others.
From the tail-end of the first vector, draw a line towards the tip-end of the last vector added in the system.
This line represents the resultant of the vectors.
The other solution for adding vector is the Analytical Method. In solving the resultant force, we
will use the following equations:
|∑ 𝐹⃑𝑥𝑖 | = 𝑅𝑥 , 𝑥 − 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑅;
𝑖=1
|∑ 𝐹⃑𝑦𝑖 | = 𝑅𝑦 , 𝑦 − 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑅
𝑖=1
𝑅𝑦
tan 𝜃𝑅 = ; 𝜃𝑅 𝑖𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑡 𝑡𝑜 𝑥 Equation 2.2
𝑅𝑥
Since the resultant (R) and the equilibrant (E) have the same magnitude and is oppositely directed, their
sum is equal to zero. Hence, the forces are in equilibrium. That means, the magnitude and directions of
the forces acting on the object are balanced. This is the First Condition for Equilibrium.
PROCEDURES:
Laboratory Report
DATA AND RESULTS:
Picture of the
Interactive force
table
Computations:
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PHY1101L – PHYSICS 1 LABORATORY
ACTIVITIES AND EXPERIMENTS
1ST SEMESTER AY 2020 - 2021
II. Equilibrium of Three Concurrent Forces
Picture of the
Interactive force
table
Computations:
5
PHY1101L – PHYSICS 1 LABORATORY
ACTIVITIES AND EXPERIMENTS
1ST SEMESTER AY 2020 - 2021
Picture of the
Interactive force
table
Computations:
6
PHY1101L – PHYSICS 1 LABORATORY
ACTIVITIES AND EXPERIMENTS
1ST SEMESTER AY 2020 - 2021
CONCLUSION:
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QUESTIONS:
1. Show that the forces and its equilibrant in Table 1. will conform to Sine law.
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2. If two vectors have the unequal magnitude, can their resultant be equal to zero?
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