INT 2NDIN

PARASITE A.K.A. EGG ADULT INFECTIVE DIAGNOSTIC HOST LOC. HOST T PATHOLOGY MOT PHIL Tx
HOS
T
Trichuris Whip Embryonated DFS Unembryo LI, Whip -Prolapse of Anus F-O-R Yup Albendazol
trichiura worm Egg in soil/feces eggs in feces inserted -IDA, Alb, D (fecal- e
into wall -Sometimes oral route) 80-90%
appendicitis Mebendazo
no migration -symptoms due to warm, le
Barrel-S, 2 M – curved 360 phase to lungs unique mode of tropical
plugs F – blunt; embryonated in
attachment regions Oxantel-
unembryo stichocytes soil
Pyrantel
Enterobius Seat Embryonated ova Scotch tape Ileum of SI, 1) site - ulceration H-M Yup Mebendazo
Vermiculari Wor Swab Cecum,LI man 2) eggs - prupritus (hand- (F>M) le
s m 3) migration mouth)
spindle-S, cephalic Embryonated Gravid female -vulvuvag & Pyrantel
Pin ala, Eggs Migrates to salphingitis inhalation pamoate
worm D-shape, corpus, isthmus, Perianal area
football bulb Retro
M – curved tail infection
F – pointd tail
Trichinella Encysted larvae Tissue biopsy Muscle tissue -Rheumatic pain Ingestion yup Thiabendaz
Spiralis in of man, pigs (intestinal flu) of ole
Inad cooked pork Xenodiagnosis - M eosin encysted
-swollen eyelids larvae in Corticoster
Bachman -3 stages of inf: pork oid
larva – w/ thread-like ; F – Intradermal test intest,larval,encap (for allergic
-Stage of conval rxn)
spearlike blunt;
burrowing tip M – curved w/ 2 - death due to
Myocard or enceph Mebendazo
lobular appendages;
le?
A-end- non-
papillated
Ref (5F 20d,
20F10d, 20F
6d)
Capillaria Larva in raw fish DFS SI (jejunum ) -int mal-ab Ingestion Yup Mebendazo
Philippinen -eggs (E) of fish, man -Borborygmi Of larva (M>F) le
sis Eggs embryonate -larva (L) -Ab Pain In raw I. Norte
in -adults (A) larvae in -Diarrhea fish (N.Luzo Albendazol
Fresh water gastric -Villus flat n) e
embryonated eggs mucosa -Atrophy COL
peanut shape in F and intestines -death THA,JP
typical F – 8 in 1 row N,
atypical F – 40 in 2 EGY,TAI
M – w/ chitin spicule ,
IRAN
Ascaris Giant Embryonated Egg DFS of eggs SI of man Lung mig –Asthma; Ingestion Yup Peperazine
Lumbricoid Roun (not attach) Capil penetration Citrate
es d Adults in SI –Pneumonia; Ab Burrowing Most
Wor Gall bladder, Liver-lung Pain due to adult of Commo Albendazol
Most m Liver, nares, Migration Migration; Int Sin of foot n e
Decorticated, tri-radiate xs (larv swallowed)
common appendix Obst;  eosin In world Mebendzao
Unembryo F-3 lips; M–2 larvae, corticated
Intestinal le
egg spicules
nematode Pyrantel
Pam
Ancyclosto Old 3rd stage DFS SI Ground itch; <500 eggs Oral Yes Pyrantel
ma Worl filariform EIA in feces = light worm, percutane Pamoate
Duodenale d Lung >500 eggs = heavy worm; ous Tropics,
Hook -ELA migration Hookworm anemia due to subT Mebendazo
worm suction le
teeth
Necator New DFS of blood/ bleeding Skin
Americanu Worl EIA Penetratio Iron
s d Microcytic Hypochromic n replacemen
Hook -ELA t
worm
cutting pointed tail, short
8-cell stage plates esophagus
Strongyloid Thre filarifo 3rd stage Rhab in stool SI man; Lung Larval migration – - Skin Yes Albendazol
es ad rm; filariform Migr aftr skin Lobular pneu w/ hem; Penetratio e
Stercoralis Wor no F M Penet; repro like PUD, Hyper n Tropics,
m Long parthogenesis Infection, Peripheral of FL SubT Thiabendaz
eso, Eosinophilia, malab - Free- ole
Prominent short buc cav Eggs hatch SI syndrome living
Genital - auto
primordium, infection
notched tail

2ND
PARASITE A.K.A. EG ADULT INFECTIVE DIAGNOSTIC HOST LOC. INT HOST INT PATHOLOGY MOT PHIL Tx
G HOST
Brugia kinky, Larvae In Blood Lymphatic mosquito Acute – Skin Yup Diethylcarbama
Malayi overlapping Arthropod smear s s Hypersensitizatn zine
nuclei, nuclei Vector (thick Bloodstrea Larva Warm (not effective on
reach tail end And Knott m W.B. – Chronic – (poor Enter regions adult worms)
(terminal, Bites at Conc) Culex prog), bite
subterminal n.) Night Peripheral Quinque elephantiasis wound Ivermectin
giemsa – sheath unstained Microfilaria Blood Fasciatus (blocks lymphs)
Wuchereria smooth, Enters In blood at Mosquit corticosteroids
Bancrofti single row of Bite Night Rural- Weingarten’s o
nuclei, wound Anoph; Syndrome – Bites at supportive –
no term nuc, CARD Test Urban- Hyper-eosin of night pressure
>L than BM Bioincub – Fatigans; Peripheral blood bandaging
giemsa – - 1 year Antigen det Pacific-
pink stain aedes surgery
DNA probes
Loa Loa Larvae Thin blood Subcutane Vector- Calabar swelling Skin No Diethylcarbama
crawl into Smear ous Dipteran zine
wound tissue (chrysops Adult in eye Larva Africa
biopsy ) Enter Corticosteroids
hypersensitivity bite
shedding of sheath, wound surgery

Dracunculus Fiery Larvae in Local lesion Mesenteric Copepod Blister w/ Ingestio NO Metronidazole
Medinensis Serpen copepods Worm/Larva Tissues s Serous exudates n
t e Ingest Of Middle Thiabendazole
Israelit Larva Larva in Pseudoperitoneal Infectiv East,
es Calcifiqed migrate water syndromes e Africa
larva migrates to lower ext. Worms by To lower copepo
Guinea x-ray ext ds
worm
Oncocerca Larvae Biopsy Subcutane Vector- -River Blindness Skin NO Diethylcarbama
Volvulus Crawl into ous Black fly -Eye lesions zine
Bite wound Mazzotti tissue - Skin lesions Larva Africa
- Scrotum Enter C. and S. Corticosteriods
Slit lamp enlargement bite America
wound Surgery
 Angiostrong Rat 3rd stage History Brain Mollusks, Eosinophilic Ingestio NO None
ylus Lung larva in snails -eating, Snails: Meningoencephali n recommended
Cantonensis worm and slugs or travel Spinal cord Achantin tis Of larva TAI, THAI,
rats ingested a, In CAM, Dead parasite
by man leukocytosi Man- Pila + eosins in CSF, snails VIET, Could
adult s Accidental CN involve, Hawaii, exacerbate
emale snails – & hosts Planaria, diplopia Tahiti Tissue reaction
“Barber pole” dark red paratenic eosinophilia Slugs, and strabismus
intestinal hosts prawns CSF >= 500 Surgical if
tract Skin test cells/ml ncessary
needs w/ 10-90% eosins
Angiostrong 3rd stage larva evaluation Intestines Mollusks “acute abdomen”
ylus in snails/ slugs (gut wall) - inflamm of
costaricensis ingested by Snails, ileocecal
man nd cotton slugs region; Ab pain
rat loc to
(Sigmodon right lower quad
hispidus) +
palpable tumor-
like m
Anisakis Herrin Terranova sp – juveniles 3rd stage larva Edoscopy Marine Pseudoterranova Ingestio NO Remove larvae
g in flesh of raw Crustace spp – n By biopsy
diseas Pseudoterranova sp – not fish; larva Immunologi ans Not penetr8 stom, Of raw JPN, Forceps
e penetrate migrate c And fish Throat irrit, Marine Netherlan
from viscera Tests under coughed Food w/ ds Surgical
Eustrongylides sp – perforates to Study Anisakis simplex Alcohol, Intervention
large muscle after (USA) “green” For obstruction
bowel death of fish Stom, int, inflamm herring,
Rxn surrounding sashimi Manage
larva conservatively
Anisakiasis – local
Tissue response;
(Eustrongylides
spp)
Perforation of L
bowel

2ND INT
PARASITE A.K.A. EGG ADULT INFECTIVE DIAGNOSTIC HOST LOC. INT HOST HOST PATHOLOGY MOT PHIL Tx
Schistoso S. Japonicum Free- Eggs, Adults - Calcified Bladder (dead eggs= Skin Wala Praziquant
ma swimming miracidia Bladder, “sandy patches”); Painful urination; Penetrati Siguro… rel
Hematobiu Cercaria in urine liver Kala-azar; adults coated w/ RBC An on
m larva – and not detected; trapped Thru Tropics
Venous Bulinus egg cause clinical symptoms; Infected Subtropi
Platy- terminal spine Plexuses Snail Terminal Hematuria; infection water cs
(Miracidia to
helminthes cercaria)
linked
To S. typhi and paratyphi carriers
Schistoso Free- Ova in Liver Claypipe-stem Fibrosis = Cercaria Nope Praziquant
ma swimming feces Thickening of portal vessels due to Penetrate rel
Mansoni Cercaria (blood, Mesenteric rxn w/ eggs; Hepatosplenomegaly Skin thru Africa
mucus) venules, Portal HTN, ascites, eggs Infected Brazil
Platy- Rectal SC, Biomphalari sometimes water
helminthes biopsy lungs a Deposited in SC, lungs
lateral spine Snail  liver enzy,serum alb,
glob(prot)
Schistoso Cercaria Ova in Liver, Katayama rxn/ fever, reaction to Cercaria Yup Praziquant
ma in copula, males have feces, Mesenteric Eggs in tissue = CNS damage, Penetrate rel
Japonicum gynecophoric canals Rectal Venules, Hepatosplenomegaly, Portal HTN, Skin thru Mindana
biopsy, SI, heart, Ascites; mucus/blood in feces, Infected o,
Platy- COPT test, Spleen, Oncomelani  liver enzy,serum alb, water Visayas
a
helminthes lateral knob ELISA CNS Quadrasi, glob(prot)
(smallest) Formosa

Schistoso Like Schistosoma Mansoni in terms of life cycle, pathology and clinical features
ma Intermediate host – Biomphalaria snail
Intercalatu
m
Schistoso Lide Schistosoma Japonicum in terms of life cycle, pathology and clinical features
ma Intermediate host – Lithoglyphopsis aperta
Mekongi
Fasciola Sheep Metacerca Unembryo Bile duct of Snails- Aquatic Halzoun – ingestion Ingestion Cosmo Bithionol
Hepatica Liver ria ova in Sheep Lymnea vegetation Raw sheep, goat of
Fluke Encysted feces, Philippinens livers Infected In sheep
Fasciolidae On duodenal Herbivore is, (dyspnea, deafness, Vegetatio Raising
“popping leaf S, w/ shoulders cephalic aquatic aspirates animals Lymnea asphyxiation, death) n; countrie
operculum” cone, spinous, dendritic vegetation swinhoe fibrotic vs. Infected s
testes (TAI) traumatic/ Liver
(sporocyst- necrotic lesions; obs; (false)
redia- False vs true (no
cercaria) eggs)
Fasciola Giant Larger than Metacerca Unembryo Giant Snail Aquatic Ingestion Most Bithionol
Gigantica Liver F. hepatica ria ova Animals- vegetation of Probably
Fluke Encysted Cattle Infected
Fasciolidae On Biliary tract Vegetatio Africa,
no shoulders aquatic (BT) n Asia
vegetation

Clonorchis Chine branched Metacerca Embryo Man Operculate Fresh Cholangiocarcinoma Ingestion Rare Chloroquin
Sinensis se testes; ria ova Snails water of of e
Liver spatulate Encysted In feces BT (Alocinma, Fish liver, liver function Uncooke CHI, JPN, Diphospha
Opistorchi Fluke On Fresh or Biliary Parafossarul (FWF) : Impaired but SGPT d SK, te
dae Water fish duodenal us, Cyprinidae, and fish Vietnam
aspiratesB Bithynia) Ctenopha- SGOT are normal Praziquant
DA ryngodon el
Opistorchis Cat lancet S Metacerca Embryo Small Snails - FWF Periportal fibrosis, Ingestion Nope Praziquant
Felineus Liver reddish- ria ova Animals- Bithynia Cyprinus Invasion of pancreas, of el
Fluke bile Encysted In feces Cats, dogs, Funiculate Carpio Form bile stones Infective USSR,
Opistorchi color On fresh or BDA etc (BT SI) (Taiwan) fish poland
dae Water fish
Opistorchis Metacerca Embryo Civet cat, Snails - FWF Hyperplastic biliary Ingestion Nope Praziquant
Viverrini ria ova Dog, fish- Bithynia Punteus Epithelium (Stim by of el
In feces eating Goniomphal Orphoides, Nitrosamines); Infective Thailand
Opistorchi knob at Or BDA us, Hampala assos. fish Udorn
dae lobed testes like O. felineus Funiculate, dispar w/
abopercular
end laevis cholangiocarcinoma
Dicrocoeliu Lance 2 large testes Metacerca Embryo sheep Snails- Formica Same as F. hepatica Ingestion Wala Praziquant
m t lancet, flat, ria ova Abida, Fusca of siguro el
Dendriticu fluke deep transparent, Cochilcopa, (ants) Portal cirrhosis, ants
m golden-brown aspiny w/ fully Helicella, Periductal fibrosis
dev Zeb
Dicrocoelli miracidiu
dae m

2ND INT
PARASITE A.K.A. EGG ADULT INFECTIVE DIAGNOSTIC HOST LOC. INT HOST HOST PATHOLOGY MOT PHIL Tx
Paragonim Oriental Metacercari Unembryo Encapsulate Snail - Crabs – Granulomato Ingestion Yes Praziquantel
us Lung a eggs in d in Miracidia us Of
Westerma Fluke In feces Parenchyma (M) Sundathelph rxn in lungs; Infected Asia Bithionol
ni crustacean or sputum of Cercaria (C) usa rust- crustacea
operculum at lung; in Antemelania Philippina colored ns Triclabendaz
branched
broad end, Cercaria w/ compleme fibrotic Asperta; sputum, ole
testes side by side;
thick aboper spines nt capsules Antemelania C  meta-C w/ Foul fish
coffee bean;
fixation Dactylus Odor
integument
Reservoir –
w/ spines
Cats & dogs Misdiagnosed
For PTB
Fasciolopsi Metacercari Unmebryo Duodenum Snails – Aquatic Worms cause Ingestion Nope Praziquantel
s a Eggs in of MC Vegetation Traumatic, Of
Buski In water feces Man or pigs C  meta-C Obstructive Infected SEA,
Plants Segmentina, Water and toxic Water CHN,
indistinguish 2 dendritic testes Hippeutis caltrop, effects; Plants India,
from F. hep, in tandem MC are Water ulceration indonesi
F. gigantica Sensitive to chestnut, and a
Dryness Water  mucus
morning prod.
Glory, lotus
Heterophy Metacercari Unembryo Small Snails : Many fish in Inflamm, Ingestion Yes Praziquantel
es a Eggs in Intestines Freshwater, the Sloughing off of MC
Heterophy In fish stool Brackish or Phil. (30 Of layers, xs Encysted EGY,
es H. Using Reservoir – Marine Species); in Mucus prod in Greece,
hard to distinguish Miracidium Kato-Katz Fish eating muscles at fish CHN,
Metagonim adults; present in method mammals MC base Misdiagnosed JPN,
us scale-like spines, w/ The egg of the fin For acid KOR,
yokogawai M. genital sucker, once Peptic ds TWN,
eggs no globular Deposited C  meta-C (APD), Phil
aboper testes by consistent
protub; same adult w/ PUD
Echinosto Metacercari Unembryo Small Snails: Snails: Inflamm, Ingestion Of Praziquantel
ma a Eggs in Intestines -Gyralus -Pila luzonica Ulceration, Of course
Ilocanum feces Convexluscu “kuhol” and Diarrhea, encysted
oral sucker with collar No Reservoir- lus -Vivipara intoxiacation MC in N.
indisting.from of sporocyst rats -Hippeutis Angularis“su snails Luzon,
fasciolas spines; 2 lobed testes stage Umbilicalis so” Samar,
in MC C  meta-C Leyte,
tandem, reddish-grey Mindana
o
Taenia Pork Cysticercou Ripe or Small Hogs, wild Inflamm, Ingestesti yes Praziquantel
Solium Tapewor s gravid intestines Boars, Eosinophilia, on
m Cellulosae Proglottid of man sheep, leukopenia Of cosmo
Deer, dogs, inadeq.
formaldeh cysticercosis Monkeys, Dev Cooked
yde in muscles rats, Cisticercosis Pork
soln cats (ingestion of
rostellum w/ hooks eggs), larva Accidenta
4 suckers; ripe eggs  in l
proglottid eggs – Scolex cysticercous brain, Ingestion
indistinguish <13 lateral branches; cause after cellulosae muscle, of
from each 3m cysticercosi therapy eye eggs
other and s
Taenia Beef from Cysticercou Ripe or Man SI Cattle, Epigastric Ingestion Niclosamide
Saginata tapewor E. granulosus; s gravid (accidental) llama, Pain, vertigo, Of cysts -damage to
m hexacanth (6 bovis Proglottid Giraffe, Nervousness, in point of
Longest hooklets); Carabao eosinophilia beef dissolution
Tapeworm radially Scolex
striated shell after eggs 
no rostellum, hooklets therapy cysticercous
ripe >15 branches; bovis
5m;
 tree-like dicho
branching
Echinococc Parasite Eggs – man x-ray to SI of Dog Sheep, man Obstruction – FOR rare Sugery
us Of dog Hydatid detect -Cysts (accidental, Growing Prev spillage
Granulosus sand hydatid ds; Ingested intermediat cysts; Ingestion of
smallest immunolog and Release e– Anaphylactic Of eggs eggs)
Tapeworm ic scolices in liver and Shock when in
one long gravid
In man dogs tests lungs) Cyst ruptures feces Albendazole
proglottid

2ND INT
PARASITE A.K.A. EGG ADULT INFECTIVE DIAGNOSTIC HOST LOC. INT HOST HOST PATHOLOGY MOT PHIL Tx
Diphyllobothri Fish/ Plerocercoi Operculated SI in man copepods (fish) Anemia Ingesti Rare Praziquan
um Broad d Eggs; (Cyclops & perch, (misdiag on tel
Latum t-worm Larva Proglottids Reservoir Diaptomus) trout, for pernicious Only
Encyted Host: Dogs, salmon, type Vit B12 7 cases
yellow-brown In fish Kato tech cats,Bears pike def);
knob like hyperchromic tempera
thickening spatulate, rosette
Paratenic ProC  megaloblastic te
uterus Coracidia
host: PleroC ; zone
2 bothria = sucking (CO) 
Carnivore examine for
grooves Procercoid
fish HCl
(ProC)
in gastric
juice
(+ infection)
Dipylidium Dog Cysticercoi Gravid SI of dog or Ctenocephali Minimal Ingesti yup Praziquan
Caninum T-worm d Proglottids cat des symptoms on tel
Larva in That are canis (dog
Double Arthropod passed flea)
Pored Host when out/ Crawl
egg packets
T-worm ingested out, Ctenocephali
(8-15 eggs)
Egg des
oncosphere retractile, conical packets, felis (cat flea)
w/ scolex; Melon-
6 hooklets rose-thorn shape shaped Pulex irritans
hooklets Proglottids (human flea)
mature proglottid – in
with 2 lateral genital Chains Trichodectes
pores (Not stool canis (dog
bec louse)
proGlot
disint
in
environment
Hymenolepsis Dwarf Embryo Embryo SI of man Insects, rice Enteritis due FOR yup Praziquan
Nana t-worm Eggs in Eggs in And flour to tel
Contam feces beetles Necrosis and Auto
food Desquamatio Infectio
and Water Proglottids n n
with not Of intestinal
filaments Cyticerci - Recovered Epithelial
like D. caninum scolex Can bec cells
but complete They
with less hooklets; ripe Cycle in degenerate Direct/indirec
segment single t
Host pathways
 (autoinf)
Hymenolepsis Rat Cysticercoi Eggs in stool SI of man Fleas, Minimal and Ingesti yes Praziquan
Diminuta T-worm d (more beetles, Non-specific on tel
Larvae in circular, cockroaches, Of In rats
insects larger, lack mealworms & Infecte <8%
bipolar earwigs d
thickening insects
w/o filaments
gravid segment; vs
bile-stained;
rudimentary, unarmed H. nana
fan-like
rostellum
Sparganosis Spirome Plerocercoi White larvae Adult – Cyclops, Frogs, Painful Ingesti Not sure surgical
tra d In lesion Intestines copepods Snakes, edema on
Mansoni, In toads, of Toads, Due to Of
Erinacei, frogs, Cat/man rats migrating Infecte
Ranarum snakes, Larvae d
Larvae – interM
paratenic any part, Eosinophilia, hosts
mistaken for D. latum; hosts - eye, Edema and
pseudosegmentation w/ pigs subQT, erythema
slit-like invagination muscles

INT 2ND
PARASITE A.K.A. CYST TROPHOZOITE INFECTIVE DIAGNOSTIC HOST HOS INT PATHOLOGY MOT PHIL Tx
LOC. T HOST
Entamoeba Ame Qudri -Trophozoites Large Flasklike Primary Ingestion Yes Supportive,
Histolytica ba cysts In liquid stools Intestin ulcer; Of Chemotherapy
-Cysts in es Infective Most
Formed stools (cecal Histo changes: cysts Comm Asympto –
and Histolysis, on Diiodohydroxyqui
active,
greenish-yellow Culture, sigmoid Thrombosis, Are n
progressive,
quadrinucleate, serology o- Petechiae, Round Asymp
directional;
thick, rodlike to detect rectal) Cell Infiltration, to Mod severe
pseudopod PSD:
chromatoidal invasive Necrosis carrier Metronidazole
finger-shape,
bodies Amebiasis liver in s
hyaline; w/
CB, central (IHAT) extraint Bacilliary vs Severe – D + M
ingested RBC
karyosome amebia Amebic dysentery Hepatic – M +
(K), w/ chromatin ELISA most sis emetine
dots Sensitive
indicator
Naegleria No cyst only Trophozoi Trophozoites Brain Meningoencephalitis EntersThru rare Amphotericin
fowleri Flagellated form te In CSF and Severe frontal Nose
tissue Headache,Blocked all Amp +
nose, Penetrate types miconazole and
Flagellate Altered taste and Cribriform of soil rifampicin
slug-like; form in smell Plate
Large, usually PSD: blunt; CSF
Central K Kernig’s sign; Multiply in
Leukocytosis brain
w/  neuts,  prot, 
glu
Acanthamo trophozoi Cysts and CNS Amebic Encephalitis Thru Rare Propamidine,
eba te Trophs cornea (immunocompromise Lower respi Miconazole,
inTissue d) Tract or All neomycin
Thru types
large central K; sluggish; PSD: Giemsa or PAS Amebic Keratitis ulcerated, Of soil Corneal grafting
spine-like of (assoc w/ use of Broken skin
 double cell wall No peripheral Scrapings or contam contact
chrom Cornial biopsy lenses)
Entamoeba
coli

yellow-brown; 1-8
sluggish, rarely
nuclei, K eccentric;
prog
CB : splinter-like
and dir; PSD: short,
blunt; Bacteria/
debris Inclusions
Entamoeba Mod active, prog
Gingivalis PSD : blunt, hyalin
Endolimax
nana

pale
green; sluggish prog;
1-4 nuc; K irreg PSD:blunt
CB : bacilliform /hyaline; K – L, cent
Iodamoeba
butschlii

1 nuc
yellow green; K surr slug, prog;
w/ granules; PSD : Blunt/Hyaline
endosome
Entamoeba
hartmanii

1-4 nuc;
K small/Central; non prog;
Diffuse glyco mass PSD : fingerlike

INT 2ND
A.K.A CYST TROPHOZOITE INFECTI DIAGNOSTIC HOST LOC. HOST INT PATHOLOGY MOT PHIL Tx
PARASITE . VE HOST
Balantidiu cyst DFS of SI Ulcer w/ rounded FOR Siguro Tetracyclin
m Troph and Cysts  Base and wide e
Coli Cysts in Troph Neck (vs flask shape) Ingestion of Uncommon
Feces Contam In Metronidaz
Largest LI (cecal Diarrhea and Food Temperate; ole
prot bean-shaped cytostome; Sigmoidosc area) Dysenter And water Assoc w/
parasite nuc cytopyge; opy troph (indisting. from Pigs in Iodoquinol
Only Amebic) tropics
ciliate
Giardia “gay Quadri DFS Cysts SI Villus flat and crypt FOR siguro Oral
Lamblia bow cysts and Duo, jeju, Hypertrophy;electroly Metronidaz
el Trophs upper il tes, Outbreaks ole
syn” glu, fluid abs, Are water-
young – 2 nuc; Biopsy, Attaches  disacchs; diarrhea borne Tinidazole
mature – 4 nuc; pyriform/tear-drop; Entero-test, To int villi most common Furozolidon
flagella bi-symm; erratic IF and Via adhes symptom e
retracted tumbling motion; 8 antigen Disc on (89%); spont recovery Quinacrine
into axonemes flag detection ven in paromomyc
6 wks; chronic – in
steato,
diarr altern w/ constip
 Trichomon No cyst stage Troph Trophozoite Female – -Vaginal discharge – Sexual Yes Oral
as s Vaginal Liquid, green to intercourse Metronidaz
vaginalis In urine, epi yellow, Hostpitality ole
Urethral Irritating Passed thru Girls – 24%
pyriform; jerky sec, Male – -Speculum – Birth canal Acid
movements; 4 free Vaginal sec, Urethra, Strawberry Other douches
flag +1 undulating; Cervical Epididymis Cervix (diagnostic) groups
axos sec, , -Vaginitis; urethritis - 3-8%
Semen, Prostate g
Prostatic
sec
Dientamoe No known cystic Troph Binucleate In lumen -Increase excess Co- Siguro Iodoquinol
ba stage Trophs in Of LI mucus infection
Frgilis fresh -Hypermotility of the With …as long Tetracyclin
Stool bowel E. as e
samples vermiculari may
rosette-shaped -Colicky ab pain; anal s infection Metronidaz
nuclei; Pruritis; Peripheral w/ E. ole
no peri chromatin; eosinophilia vermic
K -in pre-
w/ 4-6 granules; no -Mimics IBS (irrit bow schools
flag syn) in
Germany,
Israel,
Holland
Leishmani Old w/ ovoid or Pro M in skin Lives Sand fly Cutaneous Bite of Wala Antimony
a Worl rounded bodies tissue Intracellul Pheobotom leishmaniasis Sandly Compounds
Tropica d biopsy ar us vector Africa, India
Cut In Spp Lesions resembling South
Leis promastigote Macropha Lepromatous leprosy amercia Second line
h ges Drugs:
Leishmani 1 free flagella Bone PMS and A-Mast  Visceral Amp B,
a arising from marrow, Endothelia Pro M in Leishmaniasis or Pentamidin
Donovani kinetoplast Spleen or l gut of fly Kala-azar e
Lymph Cells (Kala-azar),
nodes Splenomegaly, Metronidaz
amastigote Pro M  presence of ole
A-Mast Parasites in RE cells; Nifurtimox
Leishmani New Mucocutaneous or
a Worl American
Braziliensi d Serology – Leishmaniasis
s Cut For
Leis supportive Tapir nose
h amastigote diagnosis Erosion of pinna of
forest
workers
Trichomon Smaller and longer Troph swabbing Oral cavity Droplets, yes
as than -tartar kissing
Tenax T. vaginalis
Chilomasti cysts Cysts in Cecal FOR Rare
x Semi- region
Mesnili formed Of LI <1%
knob Stools;
- Trophs in
like prod, spiral forW; Liquid
LemonS 3 antflag + 1 stools

INT 2ND
PARASITE A.K.A. CYST TROPHOZOITE INFECTIVE DIAGNOSTIC HOST LOC. HOST INT PATHOLOGY MOT PHIL Tx
HOST
Trypanoso West Trypomastigote T- Parasite in In blood, Tsetse Fly Local Infiltration from Bite of NO Supportive
ma African mastigote Blood Lymph and Reservor bite area to lymph Vector
Gambiens Sleepng tissues CSF Host: and West Pentamidine
e Sicknes Or CSF Domestic CNS Congenital and Suramin
Animals Transmissio Central Melarsopenol
Serology -Chronic inflammation n Africa Tryparsamide
for Of lymphatics possible Melarsen
Trypanoso East Large scale Tsetse Fly -Atrophy of dendrons NO
ma African Screening Reservor Of ganglion cells
Rhodesien Sleepng Host: -Winterbottom’s sign, Uh..east
se Sicknes ELISA, IF Game Kerandels sign Africa?
animals 
Trypanoso Chaga’s Epimastigote Trypomastigote T- Blood Histiocytes Reduviids, -Engulfed by -Bite of No 8-amino
ma Disease mastigote smear RE cells Triatomid histocytes Vector quinolones
Cruzi (adipose, Bugs and invade adipose -feces  Income
Serology – myocardial, Reservoir: tissue - Groups Primaquine,
CF RE, Wild -inflamm response w/ transplacent In Nifurtomax
Xenodiag Neuroglial) mammals fibrotic encapsulation al Suburb (Bayer 2502)
biopsy = chagoma; -accidental an
Romana’s sign ingestion rural
-blood trans
Toxoplasm pseudocyst Serology – In SI of Mouse or Brain lesions; Ingestion, Yes Pyrimethamine
a and oocyst IgM Cat (sexual Rat hepatitis; Transplacen (Daraprim),
gondii w/ detection And Chorioretinitis; etal Cosmo Trisulfapyri-
(man Sporozoites By ELISA; asexual Man, pigs, Lymphadenitis Midines; Preg –
(cat -Oocyst IFA for IgG Cycle); in Sheep, Many spiramycin,
)
?) prod And IgM; Tissues in Accidental 2 types of postnatal are Clinamycin;
bradyzoite,
male and By sexual PCR Asexual Intermedi ds Chronic AIDS –
cyst
female Cycle in Of Toxo cycle ate 1) mild lymphatic (lide Ill but Atovaquone
gametocytes cat; DNA hosts infectious are
Pseudocyst Definitive – Mononucleosis) asympt
s- CAT 2) acute fulminating o
asexual
Isospora Schizont, Mature Immature SI of man Malabsorption FOR Not Pyrimethamine
Belli gametes oocyst Cysts in syndrome; sure
Inside host w/ feces Definitive – Shortened villi, hyper- Sulfadiazide or
sporozoites -Oocysts/ MAN Trophied crypts, infilt Trimetroprim
immature cyst Sprorcysts Of lamina propria, w/
in Eosins, polys, rounded
dudenum cells
Pneumocy Surgical interstitial Droplets, Yes Bactrim
stis open pneumonia; Close
Carinii Lung fatal pneumonia in contact cosmo
biopsy; infants;
cysts BronchoAlL hypogammaglobuline
av; mia,
Bronchosco leukemia, Hodgkin’s,
py; etc
Methenami -lungs are gray and
ne airless;
Silver stain death due to asphyxia
GAMETE SCHIZONT TROPHOZOITE
Plasmodiu Mosquito – Peripheral RBC (Man) Anopheles -Tissue anoxia – basic Bite of Yes Vivax and Ova –
m Gametocyt Blood Vivax – Flavirostri pathophysio female Chloroquine +
Falciparum es; smears young s change in malaria Mosquito Malaria Primaquine
Man – -thick Malariae – Minimus -4 mechanisms leading to Free
Plasmodiu Sporozoites -thin old tissue anox: Passage of areas Falci and Mal
m Falciparum 1. anemia-hemolysis 2. Blood w/ -manila -Chloroquine
Vivax Hypnoxoite QBC, Para –all Anopheles changes in Erythrocytic -aklan
– sight F test -litoralis blood flow 3. changes in Parasite by: -capiz Chloroquine
Plasmodiu Latent (dipstick Mosquito : - capillary -blood trans - Resistant –
m stage, test), 1)Stomach balabacen endothelium 4. histotoxic -contam guimara Falc
Malariae Cause IFA – sis shock syringe -siquijor
relapse Gamete - -parasite virulence factors: -neonatal -biliran
Plasmodiu form, mangyanu 1. multiplication capacity 2. -congenital -iloilo
m Sporogany 2)Stomach s red cell -leyte N
Ovale – wall – - selectivity 3. cytoadherence -leyte S
Mosquito oocyst maculates and -N
LC; and resetting ability 4. potential Samar
Schizogony sporozoite to -
– release induce cytokine release 5. Camiqui
Human LC 3)salivary antigenicity n
- glands - 6. antimalarial drug -Cebu
exoerythro sporo resistance -
(merozoites Catand.
) Blackwater fever, liver dys,
- erythro hypogly,
(gametocyt Acidosis, GI dys, placenta dys,
es) pulmo
edema, renal failure, coagulo
and
thrombocyto, coma