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 BRITISH STANDARD BS EN
989:1996

Determination of the
bond behaviour
between reinforcing
bars and autoclaved
aerated concrete by the
“push-out” test
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The European Standard EN 989:1995 has the status of a

British Standard

ICS 91.080.40; 91.100.30

 BS EN 989:1996

Committees responsible for this

British Standard

The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical

Committee B/523, Prefabricated components of reinforced autoclaved aerated
concrete and lightweight aggregate concrete with open structure, upon which
the following bodies were represented:

Aggregate Concrete Block Association

Autoclaved Aerated Concrete Products Association
British Masonry Society
British Precast Concrete Federation Ltd.
Department of the Environment (Building Research Establishment)
Institution of Structural Engineers
Local Authority Organizations
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This British Standard, having

been prepared under the
direction of the Sector Board
for Building and Civil
Engineering, was published
under the authority of the
Standards Board and
comes into effect on
15 April 1996
Amendments issued since publication

© BSI 11-1999 Amd. No. Date Comments

The following BSI references

relate to the work on this
standard:
Committee reference B/523
Draft for comment 93/100976 DC

ISBN 0 580 25350 3

 BS EN 989:1996

Contents

Page
Committees responsible Inside front cover
National foreword ii
Foreword 2
Text of EN 989 3
List of references Inside back cover
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© BSI 11-1999 i
 BS EN 989:1996

National foreword

This British Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee B/523 and is
the English language version of EN 989:1995 Determination of the bond
behaviour between reinforcing bars and autoclaved aerated concrete by the
“push-out” test, published by the European Committee for Standardization
(CEN).
Cross-references

Publication referred to Corresponding British Standard

EN 678:1993 BS EN 678:1994 Determination of the dry density of

autoclaved aerated concrete
EN 679:1993 BS EN 679:1994 Determination of compressive strength of
autoclaved aerated concrete

A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a
contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application.
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Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity

from legal obligations.

Summary of pages
This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii,
the EN title page, pages 2 to 8, an inside back cover and a back cover.
This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had
amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the
inside front cover.

ii © BSI 11-1999
 EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 989
NORME EUROPÉENNE
May 1995
EUROPÄISCHE NORM

ICS 91.080.40; 91.100.30

Descriptors: Concrete, cellular concrete, reinforced concrete, armatures, metal bars, tests, adhesion, procedure

English version

Determination of the bond behaviour between reinforcing

bars and autoclaved aerated concrete by the
“Push-Out” test
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Détermination par un essai d’adhérence par Bestimmung des Verbundverhaltens zwischen

poussée du comportement d’adhérence entre Bewehrungsstahl und dampfgehärtetem
les armatures et le béton cellulaire autoclavé Porenbeton mit Hilfe der Ausdrückprüfung

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1995-04-14. CEN members

are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a
national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any
CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French,
German). A version in any other language made by translation under the
responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the
Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium,
Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and
United Kingdom.

CEN
European Committee for Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation
Europäisches Komitee für Normung
Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels

© 1995 All rights of reproduction and communication in any form and by any means reserved in all
countries to CEN and its members.
Ref. No. EN 989:1995 E
 EN 989:1995

Foreword Contents
This European Standard was prepared by the Page
Technical Committee CEN/TC 177, Prefabricated Foreword 2
reinforced components of autoclaved aerated
1 Scope 3
concrete or lightweight aggregate concrete with
open structure, of which the secretariat is held by 2 Normative references 3
DIN. 3 Principle 3
This European Standard shall be given the status of 4 Apparatus 3
a national standard, either by publication of an 5 Test specimens 3
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by
5.1 Sampling 3
November 1995, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 1995. 5.2 Shape and size of test specimens 3
In order to meet the performance requirements as 5.3 Number of test specimens 3
laid down in the product standard for prefabricated 5.4 Preparation of test specimens 3
components of lightweight aggregate concrete with 5.5 Conditioning of test specimens 6
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open structure a number of standardized test

methods are necessary. 6 Procedure 6
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal 7 Test results 6
Regulations, the following countries are bound to 8 Test report 7
implement this European Standard: Austria, Figure 1 — Suggested arrangement for
Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, push-out test 4
Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Figure 2 — Holder for transducer 5
Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Figure 3 — Hemispherical metal piece 5

2 © BSI 11-1999

1 Scope
This European Standard specifies a method of
determining the bond behaviour between
reinforcing bars and autoclaved aerated concrete
(AAC)1). The test may be used for quality control
purposes. Values to be used in design cannot be
derived from the test results.
2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates by dated or
undated references, provisions from other
publications. These normative references are cited
at the appropriate places in the text and the
publications are listed hereafter. For dated
references, subsequent amendments to or revisions
of any of these publications apply to this European
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Standard only when incorporated in it by
amendment or revision. For undated references the
latest edition of the publication referred to applies.
EN 678, Determination of the dry density of
autoclaved aerated concrete.
EN 679, Determination of the compressive strength
of autoclaved aerated concrete.
3 Principle
Test specimens are taken from reinforced
components by cutting them in transverse direction.
A compressive force is applied onto the cut end of a
reinforcing bar while the opposite surface of the test
specimen is supported in such a way that
pushing-out of the loaded bar is not hindered. The
force is increased at a prescribed steady rate until
the bond fails and the bar is pushed out. The slip of
the bar relative to the concrete is measured at the
free end, and the load-slip curve is recorded.
4 Apparatus
a) Saw, for cutting test specimens from reinforced
AAC components without excessive heating,
vibration or shock.
b) Testing machine or loading device, capable of
applying a compression force at the required
steady rate without shock and with an accuracy
of 2 % of the ultimate push-out force.
c) Distance frame, to be inserted between the
upper surface of the test specimen and the upper
bearing block of the testing machine. The frame
consists of two sufficiently rigid steel platens
which are connected by bolts long enough to
provide sufficient space for the accommodation of
the slip measuring device.
1) A standard about prefabricated reinforced components of autoclaved aerated concrete is in preparation.
© BSI 11-1999
EN 989:1995
d) Intermediate layer of soft fibre board,
(thickness 10 mm to 20 mm, density 250 kg/m3
to 300 kg/m3, with four holes of 20 mm diameter)
between the upper surface of the test specimen
and the distance frame.
e) Hemispherical metal piece, e.g. the head of a
cup-headed bolt for centering and transmission of
the load to the reinforcing bar.
f) Device, for measuring the slip between the
reinforcing bar and the AAC with an accuracy
of 1/100 mm and for recording the load-slip curve.
g) Ventilated drying oven, maintainable at a
temperature of (105 ± 5) °C.
h) Balance, for weighing test specimens to an
accuracy of 0,1 %.
5 Test specimens
5.1 Sampling
The test specimens shall be taken from reinforced
components in such a manner that they are
representative of the products to be investigated.
5.2 Shape and size of test specimens
The test specimens are prismatic sections taken
from reinforced AAC components in such a way that
the cross section of the test specimen corresponds to
the section of the component.
The length of the test specimens shall be 200 mm.
The bond length to be tested shall be (180 ± 5) mm.
5.3 Number of test specimens
The number of test specimens shall be such that
bond behaviour can be determined on at least five
sections of longitudinal reinforcing bars. At least
three different longitudinal bars shall be tested.
5.4 Preparation of test specimens
The test specimens are obtained by cutting the
component in transverse direction with a saw as
specified in 4 a). Care shall be taken that there are
no cross bars connected with the longitudinal bars
to be tested.
To avoid undue influence of burrs, each end of the
bars to be tested shall be separated from the
surrounding AAC to a depth of about 10 mm, e.g. by
means of a core drill of suitable diameter
(see Figure 1).
3
 EN 989:1995
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Dimensions in millimetres
1 Distance frame
2 Displacement transducer
3 Holder for transducer (see Figure 2)
4 Soft fibre board
5 Recess
6 AAC test specimen
7 Reinforcing bar with diameter d
8 Concrete cover
9 Hemispherical metal piece (see Figure 3)
10 Temporary support (wedges) to locate test specimens to be removed after applying sufficient preload to hold the test
specimens in upright position

Figure 1 — Suggested arrangement for push-out test

4 © BSI 11-1999
 EN 989:1995
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Dimensions in millimetres
Holder for transducer with three legs supported on the surface of AAC test specimen. Transducer and legs are exchangeable. If
the transducer is mounted in positions 1 or 3 when bars near the edges are tested, a counterweight has to be applied at 3 or 1,
respectively.
Figure 2 — Holder for transducer

Dimensions in millimetres

Figure 3 — Hemispherical metal piece

© BSI 11-1999 5
 EN 989:1995
5.5 Conditioning of test specimens
The test specimens shall be stored in such a manner
that, when tested, they have a temperature
of (20 ± 5) °C (see note 1) and a moisture content
of (6 ± 2) % by mass (see note 2).
If necessary, the test specimens shall be dried or
moistened until their mass lies within the
calculated limits (see note 2). Subsequently, they
shall be stored prior to testing for at least 3 d in
plastic bags or similar sealing to achieve a
sufficiently uniform moisture distribution within
the AAC.
The actual moisture content shall be verified by
determining the mass of the test specimens in the
humid state immediately before the test and after
drying at (105 ± 5) °C until constant mass has been
obtained. The error in determining the mass shall
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not exceed 0,1 % of the mass of the test specimen.
The mass of the test specimen is considered
constant if after 24 h of further drying the mass has
not changed by more than 0,2 %.
The moisture content Èm½ is calculated as follows:
where
Èm½ is the moisture content, in per cent by
mass;
mh is the mass of the test specimen in the
humid state, in kilograms;
md is the mass of the dried test specimen
immediately after removal from the drying
oven, in kilograms;
ms½ is the mass of the steel reinforcement
contained in the test specimen, in
kilograms.
NOTE 1 Other temperatures may be chosen in special cases.
This shall be indicated in the test report.
NOTE 2 In order to achieve the prescribed moisture content
within the test specimens, the following procedure is
recommended. The required humid mass of the test specimen is
calculated using the following equation:
where
mh,r is the required mass of the test specimen in the humid
state, in kilograms;
md,ref is the dry mass of a reference specimen with the same
dimensions and the same reinforcement taken from
the same component, the dry mass, in kilograms,
being determined according to the last
paragraph of 5.5;
ms ¾
is the mass of the reinforcement, determined either by
weighing or by calculation from the dimensions of the
reinforcing bars and the density of steel (7850 kg/m3),
in kilograms;
È m¾ is the prescribed moisture content, in per cent by
mass [(6 ± 2) % by mass].
6 © BSI 11-1999
6 Procedure
A suggested testing arrangement is shown
in Figure 1.
The hemispherical metal piece is fixed on top of the
bar to be pushed out, e.g. by means of adhesive tape.
Then the test specimen is placed upside down on the
lower bearing block of the testing machine or
loading device, respectively, where it rests on the
hemispherical metal piece and two or more
auxiliary wedges which are used to hold the test
specimen in position at the beginning of the test.
The fibre board is placed on top of the test specimen
with the hole for the feeler or the transducer over
the bar to be tested. Then the distance frame for the
accommodation of the slip measuring device is
brought into position, the four holes in the bottom
plate coinciding with the corresponding holes in the
fibre board. The slip measuring device is applied,
the three legs resting on the concrete surface and
the feeler of the transducer being in contact with the
end of the reinforcing bar. Then a certain preload is
applied which is sufficiently high to press the test
specimen and the distance frame firmly enough
against the bearing blocks of the testing machine to
hold them securely in an upright position. The
auxiliary wedges are removed and the load is
increased at an approximately steady rate
calculated to achieve rupture after 60 s to 90 s.
During the loading procedure, the load-slip curve is
recorded.
7 Test results
The bond strength fb is calculated as follows:
Fu
f b = -----------
-
ÏLd
where
fb is the bond strength, in newtons per square
millimetre;
Fu is the maximum load carried by the bar, in
newtons;
L is the effective bond length (total length of the
test specimen minus the depth of the recesses
at the ends of the bar), in millimetres,
determined to the nearest mm;
d is the nominal diameter of the reinforcing bar
(not including coating), in millimetres,
determined to the nearest 0,1 mm.
The bond strength fb of the individual bars tested
and the mean value shall be expressed to the
nearest 0,1 N/mm2.
 EN 989:1995

8 Test report f) type of corrosion protection;

The test report shall include the following: g) location in the cross section of the component
of the bars tested (e.g. bottom layer or top layer);
a) identification of the product;
h) shape and dimension of bars;
b) date of manufacture or other code;
j) moisture content of the test specimens;
c) place and date of testing, testing institute and
person responsible for testing; k) for each individual bar tested: L, d, concrete
cover, Fu, fb, and load-slip curve;
d) number and date of issue of this European
Standard; l) mean value of fb for all tested bars of the same
e) dry density and compressive strength of the diameter.
product determined in accordance with the
relevant standards EN 678 and EN 679,
respectively;
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© BSI 11-1999 7
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8blank
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© BSI 11-1999
See national foreword.
List of references
BS EN 989:1996
 BS EN
989:1996
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