The Purpose of Chilperic's

additional letters
Joannes Richter

lingual palatal labial guttural dental Σ

7 W23 O 2
Ω
6 U21, V22 Y25 3

5 T20 X24 P16 O15 -- 4

4 N14 Q17 M13 H8 -- 4

3 L12 K11 (ϝ) → F6 Ε5 S19 5

2 Z I Δ Ψ R 6
Þ I9 (J10) UU → W Æ R18
1 D4 C3 , G7 B2 A1 Z26 6
5 7 8 7 3 30

Table 1 The Latin alphabet with 4 extra letters as designed by Chilperic I in a 2-dimensional array
with the theonyms ZIΔ (ÞIW) and ZIΔΨR (ÞIWÆR) in the 2nd row.

Abstract
A 1-dimensional alphabet may be translated to a 2-dimensional array, which at dedicated lines often
displays a special theonym of a sky-god. Under restricted conditions this phenomenon may be
observed in most European alphabets. The translation fills the array with the standard sequence of
the alphabetical letters in their common sequence.
In the 2-dimensional array of the Hebrew alphabet we may now identify the Great Name I10-Ε5-V6
and the theonym T9 I10 Ε5 V6 S15 at the second row of the Hebrew alphabet.
In the second row of 2-dimensional array of the Latin alphabet we may identify the theonym
(Þ)IΕU (“(D)ieu”) under the condition that the Latin alphabet also contains a letter Þ.
DIΕU is the name for the French and Provencal language. If the Þ-symbol is missing the 2nd row of
the Latin alphabet also displays the Great Name I10-Ε5-V6 (Jeve).
In the Futhark signary the third row displays the name ThIWÆR, which may have belonged to the
common wisdom of the Celtic and Germanic kings, who also represented the highest religious
leaders.
Without the Þ-symbol the 2-dimensional Latin alphabet would not display the (Þ)IΕU name nor the
ThIWÆR.
Maybe the Frankish king Chilperic_I (c. 539 – 584), who was responsible to introduce the
translation of the Frankish law (the Salic law, compiled around AD 500 by the first Frankish King,
Clovis) into the Latin scripture, intended to modify the Latin alphabet to display the correct
Frankish theonym ThIWÆR or ThIW at the 2nd row of the 2-dimensional alphabet. This strategy
would help to save an important religious symbol inside the alphabet and the Salic law.
The 4 additional letters (UUI as a labial UU or W and palatal I, Æ and Ω as gutturals and THE as a
lingual) of Chilperic_I may be applied to display the words “ThIW“ or even “ThIWÆ“. The
purpose of Chilperic I's may have been the display inside the 2-dimensional alphabetic array.
In order to display the name “ThIW“ in the 2nd row of the array the 4 letters must be inserted at
dedicated locations of the alphabet. This composition will be described in the follow essay.
The display of the theonym in the Hebrew alphabet
The categorization of the Hebrew and Latin alphabets
According to a comment to the Sefer Yetzirah the letters in the Hebrew alphabet had been
categorized according to 5 categories, which are based on the 5 phonetic sources where the human
voice is generating the phonetic sounds.
Based on Rabbi Saadia Gaon's Judeo-Arabic commentary on “Sefer Yetzirah” (chapter
4, paragraph 3), wherein he describes the phonetic sounds of the 22 characters of the
Hebrew alphabet and classifies them in groups based on their individual sounds: “Aleph
( ‫)א‬, hé (‫)ה‬, ḥet (‫)ח‬, ‘ayin (‫ )ע‬are [gutturals sounds] produced from the depth of the
tongue with the opening of the throat, but bet (‫)ב‬, waw (‫)ו‬, mim (‫)מ‬, pé (‫ )פ‬are [labial
sounds] made by the release of the lips and the end of the tongue; whereas gimel (‫)ג‬,
yōd (‫)י‬, kaf (‫)כ‬, quf (‫ )ק‬are [palatals] separated by the width of the tongue [against the
palate] with the [emission of] sound. However, daleth (‫)ד‬, ṭet (‫)ט‬, lamed (‫)ל‬, nūn (‫)נ‬, tau
(‫ )ת‬are [linguals] separated by the mid-section of the tongue with the [emission of]
sound; whereas zayin (‫)ז‬, samekh (‫)ס‬, ṣadi (‫)צ‬, resh (‫)ר‬, shin (‫ )ש‬are [dental sounds]
produced between the teeth by a tongue that is at rest.1”

Phonetic Hebrew categorization letters Latin alphabet letters

category Categorization
linguals daleth (‫)ד‬, ṭet (‫)ט‬, lamed (‫)ל‬, nūn (‫)נ‬, tau (‫)ת‬ 5 D, T, L, N, (Þ) 4
palatals gimel (‫)ג‬, yōd (‫)י‬, kaf (‫)כ‬, quf (‫)ק‬ 4 C, G, I, J, K, Q, X 7
gutturals aleph (‫)א‬, hé (‫)ה‬, ḥet (‫)ח‬, ‘ayin (‫)ע‬ 4 A, Ε, H, O, Y 5
labials bet (‫)ב‬, waw (‫)ו‬, mim (‫)מ‬, pé (‫)פ‬ 4 B, F, V, M, P, U, W 7
dentals zayin (‫)ז‬, samekh (‫)ס‬, ṣadi (‫)צ‬, resh (‫)ר‬, shin (‫ )ש‬5 Z, S, R 3
Sum 22 26 + 1
Table 2 Hebrew categorization and the best-fit categorized Latin alphabet
The following composition of the 2-dimensional table includes the Great Name I10-Ε5-V6 and the
theonym T9 I10 Ε5 V6 S15 at the 2nd row:

row linguals palatals gutturals labials dentals

5 Taw T22 Shin S21
4 Nun N14 Qoph K19 Ayin Gh16 Pe Ph17 Resh R20

3 Lamedh L12 Kaph Ch11 Heth H8 Mem M13 Tsade Ts18

2 Qoph T9 Yodh I10 He Ε5 Waw V6 Samekh S15
1 Dalet D4 Gimel G3 Aleph Æ1 Bet B2 Zayin Z7

Table 3: The Great Name I10-Ε5-V6 and the theonym T9 I10 Ε5 V6 S15 at the center of the Hebrew
alphabet

1 Footnote in Modern Hebrew phonology (quoted in The Composition of the Sky-God's Name in PIE-Languages)
The displayed theonym in the standard Latin alphabet
The composition of the Hebrew alphabet is equivalent to the Phoenician alphabet. Both alphabets
may have been used to inspire the composition of the Latin alphabet.

row linguals palatals gutturals labials dentals

5 Taw T22 Shin S21
4 Nun N14 Qoph K19 Ayin Gh16 Pe Ph17 Resh R20

3 Lamedh L12 Kaph Ch11 Heth H8 Mem M13 Tsade Ts18

2 Qoph T9 Yodh I10 He Ε5 Waw V6 Samekh S15
1 Dalet D4 Gimel G3 Aleph Æ1 Bet B2 Zayin Z7

Table 4: The Great Name I10-Ε5-V6 and the theonym T9 I10 Ε5 V6 S15 at the center of the Hebrew
alphabet
The following letters may be mapped into the alphabetical array which matched to the Hebrew
alphabet, in which the lingual Þ is inserted as an obsolete letter, the palatals C and G are combined
as a derivation of the letter Gimel. I and J are combined as a derivation of the letter Yodh. The
digamma Waw is used as a derivation source for U, V and W.

lingual palatal guttural labial dental

6 1
W23
5 T20 X24 Y25 U21, V22 -- 5

4 4
N14 Q17 O15 P16 ---
3 L12 K11 H8 M13 S19 5

2 (Þ) I9 (J10) Ε5 (ϝ) →V6 R18 6

1 D4 C3, G7 A1 B2 Z26 6

4 7 5 7 3 26

Table 5 the display of the theonyms IΕV or IΕU and (Þ)IΕU(R) in the Latin alphabet .
In this model the Latin alphabet (26 letters) is transformed into a 2 -dimensional array.
King Chilperic_I may have aimed to display the name ThIWÆS of the 2nd or 3rd row of the 2-
dimensional array of the Latin alphabet. I am not sure at what state the Latin alphabet had
developed at the beginning of the Middle Age and I will take this chapter's standard Latin alphabet.
The displayed theonyms in the Futhark alphabet
There are several theonyms displayable in the elder Futhark signary, which may be ordered in a
number of variable orders such as follows. The Gothic theonym TÆIWS and Germanic theonym
TIWÆS (and TIW) may be two variants in which the theonyms are displayed in the 3rd row.

Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Elder ᚠ ᚢ ᚦ ᚨ ᚱ ᚲ ᚷ ᚹ ᚺ ᚾ ᛁ ᛃ ᛇ ᛈ ᛉ ᛊ ᛏ ᛒ ᛖ ᛗ ᛚ ᛜ ᛟ ᛞ
Futhark F U Þ A R K G W H N I J Æ P Z S T B E M L Ŋ O D
ætts "Freyr's ætt" "Hagal's ætt" Tyr's ('Mars') ætt
Table 6 The Categorization of the elder Futhark Signary

linguals gutturals palatals labials dentals

6 ᛞ- D ᛗ- M
5 ᛜ- Ŋ ᛟ- O ᛒ- B
4 ᛚ-L ᛖ- E ᛃ- J ᛈ- P
3
ᛏ - T ᛇ- Æ ᛁ - I ᚹ- W ᛊ - S
2 ᚾ- N ᚺ- H ᚷ- G ᚢ- U ᛉ- Z
1 ᚦ- Þ ᚨ-A ᚲ-K ᚠ- F ᚱ- R
Table 7 Displaying the Gothic theonym TÆIWS in the Elder Futhark Signary

linguals palatals labials gutturals dentals

6 ᛞ- D ᛗ- M
5 ᛜ- Ŋ ᛒ- B ᛟ- O
4 ᛚ-L ᛃ- J ᛈ- P ᛖ- E
3
ᛏ - T ᛁ - I ᚹ- W ᛇ - Æ ᛊ - S
2 ᚾ- N ᚷ- G ᚢ- U ᚺ- H ᛉ- Z
1 ᚦ- Þ ᚲ-K ᚠ- F ᚨ-A ᚱ- R
Table 8 Displaying the Germanic theonym TIWÆS (and TIW) in the Elder Futhark Signary

King Chilperic_I may have identified the correlation between the theonym (Þ)IΕU(R) in the Latin
alphabet and the theonym TÆIWS in the Germanic Futhark signary. The king's new letters T, Æ and
W might be inserted in the Latin alphabet to replace the old Þ, the E and the V at the 2nd row.
The displayed theonyms in the newly designed Latin alphabet
In order to display a central letter W in the name TIWÆS the central column of the gutturals must
be shifted to the 3rd to the 4th column.

lingual palatal guttural labial dental

6 1
W23
5 T20 X24 Y25 U21, V22 -- 5

4 4
N14 Q17 O15 P16 ---
3 L12 K11 H8 M13 S19 5

2 (Þ) I9 (J10) Ε5 (ϝ) →V6 R18 6

1 D4 C3, G7 A1 B2 Z26 6

4 7 5 7 3 26

Table 9 the display of the theonyms IΕV or IΕU and (Þ)IΕU(R) in the Latin alphabet .
In this model the Latin alphabet (26 letters) is transformed into a 2 -dimensional array.
The letter Ω is inserted to transform the alphabet to the A.. Ω – structure, which is also relevant for
the runic structure. The rune ᛟ - O is also identified in the Futhark signary.
The letter Þ , UU → W and Æ are inserted in the 2nd row, in which the letters I9 (J10) and R18
remain their positions:

linguaal palataal labiaal gutturaal dentaal

7 2
W23 Ω
6 3
U21, V22 Y25
5 4
T20 X24 P16 O15 --
4 4
N14 Q17 M13 H8 --
3 5
L12 K11 (ϝ) → F6 Ε5 S19
2 6
Þ I9 (J10) UU → W Æ R18
1 6
D4 C3 , G7 B2 A1 Z26
5 7 8 7 3 30

Table 10 The Latin alphabet as a 2-dimensional array with Chilperic I 's letters and the display of
the theonym ÞIWÆR (shortened: ÞIW) in the second row.

These insertions allow us to accept the renewed Latin as a genuine alphabet for the Germanic
population.
Chilperic's newly designed Latin alphabet
In the following table Chilperic's newly designed Latin alphabet, displaying his new theonym ZIΔ
(ÞIW) or ZIΔΨR (ÞIWÆR) in his new symbols: Z (for Þ) , Δ (for UU → W ) , Ψ (for Æ ) and O
(for Ω):

lingual palatal labial guttural dental Σ

7 W23 Θ 2
Ω
6 U21, V22 Y25 3

5 T20 X24 P16 O15 -- 4

4 N14 Q17 M13 H8 -- 4

3 L12 K11 (ϝ) → F6 Ε5 S19 5

2 Z I Δ Ψ R 6
Þ I9 (J10) UU → W Æ R18
1 D4 C3 , G7 B2 A1 Z26 6
5 7 8 7 3 30

Table 11 The Latin alphabet with 4 extra letters as designed by Chilperic I as a 2-dimensional
array with the theonyms ZIΔ (ÞIW) and ZIΔΨR (ÞIWÆR) in the 2nd row.

• The letter Þ may be inserted between D and L in the column for the linguals.
• The UU → W may be inserted between B and F or replace digamma (F) in labials.
• The Æ may be inserted between A and E in gutturals.
• The G shares a location with the letter C in palatals.
After inserting 4 new letters (Chilperic I's letters) the modified alphabet contains 29 letters:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27
Oud Latijn A DE F H I K M N O S V
Latijn C F I
ABÆ DEW ZHÞ K L MN O P Q R S Τ U VWX Y Z Ω
alfabet G V J
Chilperic's
Ψ Δ Z Θ
letters
Table 12: Latin alphabet with 4 Chilperic's letters Ψ (Æ), Δ (W), Z (Þ) and Θ (Ω)
• Chilperic's Z (column 9) may also be used to replace the obsolete Z (at column 7).
• Chilperic's Δ may replace the digamma (F) ( at column 6).
• Chilperic's Ψ may replace the letter E ( at column 5).
The insertion of these 3 new letters takes care of the display “ÞIW” at the 2nd row.
• Chilperic's O for Ω does not play a role in the insertion of the new theonym, but may be
considered as a traditional trailing Ω-symbol for all alphabets. The alphabet should be
ranging from A to Ω.
The displayed theonyms in the ogham signary
The standard order of the ogham signary may be transformed in a 2-dimensional array with a
displayed theonym TIΕU:
B, L, F, S, N, H, D, T, C, Q, M, G, NG, Z, R, A, O, U, Ε, I,
forfeda; EA, OI, UI, IA, AE. P,...2

linguals palatals gutturals labials dentals

5 NG
4 T I Ε U
3 D G O M R
2 N Q A F Z
1 L C H B S
Table 13 Displaying the theonym TIΕU in the Ogham signary (for the standard order)

The theonyms in the Ugaritic, Germanic and ogham signaries are displayed at different rows:
• in the ogham signary the theonym TIΕU is displayed at the 4th row
• in the Elder Futhark signary the theonym TIWÆS (and TIW) is displayed at the 3rd row
• in the Hebrew and Ugaritic signary the theonym ṬḪYWŠ is displayed at the 2nd row

3: Hebrew alphabet 1: Futhark alphabet 2 Ogham alphabet

2 online source : www.ancientscripts.com/ogham.html

The origin of the S in Dyaus
The Ugaritic alphabet contains an abundant S-symbols, such as Z8, Ś13, Ẓ18, S19, Ṣ22, R24, S30, In an
early phase of the alphabetical evolution most of these S-symbols had been abandoned. In the
Hebrew and the Ugaritic alphabet the 2 nd row still displays an S (Samekh S15, respectively š, Ś13) but
in the Latin alphabet the 2nd row contains an R.

The Ugaritic alphabet (1) representing the theonym ṬḪYWŠ

The categorizing depends on the categorization of the letters Z8 / Z8 and Th10 (Θ,Þ) / Th10 (Θ,Þ).

Section A-section (h)E-section Y-section O-section IU-section

Index 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
transcription ʾa b g ḫ d h w z ḥ ṭ y k š l m ḏ n ẓ s ʿ p ṣ q r ṯ ġ t ʾi ʾu s2
Hebrew ‫גב א‬ ‫ט חז ו ה ד‬ ‫כ י‬ ‫מ ל‬ ‫נ‬ ‫ש ר ק צ פ ע ס‬ ‫ת‬
Table 14 Ugaritic abecedaria (1) of the "Northern Semitic order" (27-30 letters)
(Categorized according to the Hebrew standard of Rabbi Saadia Gaon's comments)

linguals gutturals palatals labials dentals #

7 t→ ʾi → ʾu → s2 → 4
T27 Ƕ28 (I) Ω29 (U) S30
6 ṯ→ r→ 2
Θ 25 R24
5 n→ ʿ→ ġ→ ṣ→ 4
N17 O20 Gh26 Ṣ22
4 ḏ→ ḥ→ q→ p→ s→ 5
Z16 H9 Q23 P,Φ21 S19
3 l→ h(e) → k→ m→ ẓ→ 5
L14 E6 K12 M15 Ẓ18
2 ṭ→ ḫ→ y→ w→ š→ 5
Th10 (Θ,Þ) Kh4 Y11 W7 Ś13
1 d→ ʾa → g→ b→ z→ 5
D5 A1 G3 B2 Z8
# 7 5 6 5 7 30
Table 15 Highlighting a sky-god's theonym ṬḪYWŠ in the Ugaritic Signary
(North Semitic alphabet in a Latin transliteration)
Conclusions
A 1-dimensional alphabet may be translated to a 2-dimensional array, which at dedicated lines often
displays a special theonym of a sky-god. Under restricted conditions this phenomenon may be
observed in most European alphabets. The translation fills the array with the standard sequence of
the alphabetical letters in their common sequence.
In the 2-dimensional array of the Hebrew alphabet we may now identify the Great Name I10-Ε5-V6
and the theonym T9 I10 Ε5 V6 S15 at the second row of the Hebrew alphabet.
In the second row of 2-dimensA 1-dimensional alphabet may be translated to a 2-dimensional array,
which at dedicated lines often displays a special theonym of a sky-god. Under restricted conditions
this phenomenon may be observed in most European alphabets. The translation fills the array with
the standard sequence of the alphabetical letters in their common sequence.
In the 2-dimensional array of the Hebrew alphabet we may now identify the Great Name I10-Ε5-V6
and the theonym T9 I10 Ε5 V6 S15 at the second row of the Hebrew alphabet.
In the second row of 2-dimensional array of the Latin alphabet we may identify the theonym
(Þ)IΕU (“(D)ieu”) under the condition that the Latin alphabet also contains a letter Þ.
DIΕU is the name for the French and Provencal language. If the Þ-symbol is missing the 2nd row of
the Latin alphabet also displays the Great Name I10-Ε5-V6 (Jeve).
In the Futhark signary the third row displays the name ThIWÆR, which may have belonged to the
common wisdom of the Celtic and Germanic kings, who also represented the highest religious
leaders.
Without the Þ-symbol the 2-dimensional Latin alphabet would not display the (Þ)IΕU name nor the
ThIWÆR.
Maybe the Frankish king Chilperic_I (c. 539 – 584), who was responsible to introduce the
translation of the Frankish law (the Salic law, compiled around AD 500 by the first Frankish King,
Clovis) into the Latin scripture, intended to modify the Latin alphabet to display the correct
Frankish theonym ThIWÆR or ThIW at the 2nd row of the 2-dimensional alphabet. This strategy
would help to save an important religious symbol inside the alphabet and the Salic law.
The 4 additional letters (UUI as a labial UU or W and palatal I, Æ and Ω as gutturals and THE as a
lingual) of Chilperic_I may be applied to display the words “ThIW“ or even “ThIWÆ“. The
purpose of Chilperic I's may have been the display inside the 2-dimensional alphabetic array.
In order to display the name “ThIW“ in the 2nd row of the array the 4 letters must be inserted at
dedicated locations of the alphabet. This composition will be described in the follow essay.
Contents
Abstract.................................................................................................................................................1
The display of the theonym in the Hebrew alphabet............................................................................3
The categorization of the Hebrew and Latin alphabets...................................................................3
The displayed theonym in the standard Latin alphabet........................................................................4
Table 4: The Great Name I10-Ε5-V6 and the theonym T9 I10 Ε5 V6 S15 at the center of the
Hebrew alphabet .............................................................................................................................4
The displayed theonyms in the Futhark alphabet ................................................................................5
The displayed theonyms in the newly designed Latin alphabet ..........................................................6
Chilperic's newly designed Latin alphabet ..........................................................................................7
The displayed theonyms in the ogham signary....................................................................................8
The origin of the S in Dyaus.................................................................................................................9
The Ugaritic alphabet (1) representing the theonym ṬḪYWŠ........................................................9
Conclusions........................................................................................................................................10
Appendices.........................................................................................................................................12
Appendix 1 – The documentation of Chilperic I's additional letters...........................................12
Appendix 2 – (Incomplete) List of the Perfect Pentagrams...........................................................13
Appendix 3 – Papers of J. Richter at Academia.edu and Scribd...................................................17
January – December 2021.........................................................................................................17
January – December 2020.........................................................................................................17
January – December 2019.........................................................................................................18
January – December 2018.........................................................................................................20
January – December 2017.........................................................................................................21
December 2011 ........................................................................................................................22
Appendices
Appendix 1 – The documentation of Chilperic I's additional letters
The following documentation defines a relatively clear transliteration for the 4 letters of Chilperic I
(c. 539 – 584) :
• Chilperic defined the transliteration UUI for the symbol ᚹ (Wynn rune) or a Δ-symbool.
• Chilperic defined the transliteration Æ for the Greek letter psi (Ψ) or the rune Ψ.
• Chilperic defined the transliteration THE for the Greek letter Zeta (or the Latin letter) Z
• Chilperic defined the transliteration Ω for the Greek letter O- or the Θ..

Additionally I categorized UUI as a labial UU and palatal I, Æ and Ω as gutturals and THE as
lingual3.
The exact design of Chilperic I's symbols may be imprecise. Therefore I preferred to include a Latin
quotation in a German document with a relatively accurate description of Gregory of Tours:

4: Footnote ot page 72 in “Die Runenschrift;(1887) by Wimmer, Ludvig Frands Adalbert (1839-

1920)

3 The Latin alphabet contains 4 linguals: D, (Þ), L, N, T, 7 palatals: C, G, I, en J, K, Q, X, 7 labials: B, ϝ - V, M, P, U,

W, 5 gutturals: A, Ε, H, O, Y and the 3 dentals: Z, R S,.
Appendix 2 – (Incomplete) List of the Perfect Pentagrams
The following dictionary documents a number (~90) of perfect pentagrams in various languages.
Only a subset of these words have been composed as pentagrams. Other words unintentionally may
have turned into pentagrams.

# Pentagram P Reference Explanation Language

1. A APRIL P fourth month, AUERIL, from Latin (mensis) april (month) , English
AVRIL P Aprilis 2nd Month Old French
2. A ARJUN(A) P Kern: Arjun Arjuna Sanskrit
3. A ARMIN P The etymology of the Latin name Arminius is Armin Dutch
A ARMINIUS - unknown Latin
4. B BÂTIR P bastir "build, construct, sew up, baste, make bâtir (to build) French
B BASIN P baste (v.2) - Water vessel (of unknown origin) basin English
5. B BEIT P Verbond Verbond Hebreeuws
6. B BESIN P king Bisinus ( BESIN in Frankish) Thuringian king Frankish
P PISΕN P PISΕN in Lombard Lombard
B BASIN(A) P Basina, the queen of Thuringia (5th century). Basina v. Thuringia Thuringian
B BAZIN P woman in charge woman in charge Dutch
7. B BÔZINE - Dialect: bôzine ‘landlady’. (bazin) landlady French
8. B BRAIN P Brain, brein, hersenen; of uncertain origin, Brain English
B BREIN P perhaps fr. PIE root *mregh-m(n)o- "skull, brein Dutch.
brain"
9. B BRENG P To bring To bring Dutch
10. B BRIAN P Brian. Etymology: Uncertain; possibly Brian Irish
borrowed from Proto-Brythonic *brɨɣėnt
(“high, noble”).
11. B BRIDE P Bride – Old Frisian BREID; Dutch BRUID bride Engels
B BREID P Oudfries
B BRUID - Dutch
12. C CHURL P Churl (ceorl or CHURL), the lowest rank of Kerel (freeman) English
freemen).
13. C CROWN P "crown" – from Latin corona kroon Engels
14. D DIAUS P Dyáuṣ Pitṛṛ Sky-Father Vedic
Sanskrit
15. D DIÉU(S) P Dieu God French
16. D DIVES P dives rich Latin
17. D DYEUS P *Dyeus DIEUS Proto-Indo-
European
18. F ERMÏN P Tacitus's Germania (AD 98): (Irminones) (H)ERMÏN – Latin
(ARMIN) Herman
19. F FAÐIR P faðir Father Old-Norse
20. F FASTI P Fasti - Allowed days Fasti Latin
21. F FELIZ P feliz (happy) feliz Spanish
 # Pentagram P Reference Explanation Language
22. F FESTI P Festī, Festî - ‘strength, power, document’ fortification Onfrank,,
(veste) borough ohd.
23. F FIDES P Fides, (confidence, trust)4 Fides Latin
S ΣΦΊΔΗ P σφίδη (sphídē). σφίδη (sphídē). Old Greek
F BIDDEN - Old English: BIDDAN "to ask, beg, pray” to ask, beg, pray Dutch
24. F FIETS P Origin uncertain. Maybe from “vietse” bicycle Dutch
‘running’; etymology from fiets (rijwiel)
25. F FRANC P Frank free Dutch
FRANK P
26. G GAUTR P Runen-Sprach-Schatz (Runic dictionary, wise man Icelandic
German)
27. G GENUS P genus (GENUS, “kind, sort, ancestry, birth”) Family, pedigree Latin
28. I IANUS P Janus -god of beginnings, gates, transitions, Janus Latijn
J JANUS P time, duality, doorways,[1] passages, frames,
endings.
29. I IOU-piter – Jupiter (D)IOU(S) JOU-piter Latin
*DJOUS P (*DJOUS PATĒR)
30. I ISLAM P Islam – "submission [to God]" Islam English
31. I ISTÆV P Tacitus's Germania (AD 98) – Istvaeones ISTÆV – Latin
32. J JUDAS P Judas Judas Dutch
33. J JUTES P Jutes People of Jutland English
34. K KAUTR P Related to (runes) “Kuþlant” (Gotland) and wise runes
“Guth” (God)
35. K KRAUT P Kraut / cruyt – Gothic *krûþ (genitive kruid German
KRUID – *krûdis), neuter, might be taken for krû-da Dutch
CRUYT - Indo-European references are unsecure.
36. L LAGUZ P the l-rune (OE lagu, ON lǫgr/laugr (i, k, l, m ) water in some form Old-Norse
LAUGR Laguz
37. L LEWIS P Lewis (Louis, Clovis) Lewis English
38. L LIEF(S) P Lief – crefte lieuis ‘de krachten van het lieve’ Love Dutch
[10e eeuw; W.Ps.]
39. L LIMES P Limes (border) border Latin
40. L LIVER P liver liver English
41. L LIVES P lives lives English
42. L LOUIS P Clovis (Chlodovechus) (Ch)LOUIS Clovis French
43. L LOUIS P Louis (Chlodowig) - LOUIS Louis French
44. L LIBER P Liber - free, independent, unrestricted, free Latin
L LIURE P unchecked (→ freeman) Old Occitan
L LIBRO P Old Occitan: liure ; Provençal libro Provencal
L LIVRE P Portuguese: livre Portuguese
L LIBRE P Frans: libre Frans
45. M MANUS P Manus - (मनस):—[from man] m. man or Manu man, mankind Sanskrit

4 Numa is said to have built a temple to Fides publica; Source: fides in William Smith, editor (1848) A
Dictionary of Greek Biography and Mythology
 # Pentagram P Reference Explanation Language
(the father of men)
46. M MELIS P Melis (de honingbij, [Telling the bees]) Melis (naam) Dutch
47. M MENSCh P man (person) Man (person) Dutch
48. M MERIT P Merit (Cristendom), Merit (Boeddhisme), Merit (verdienste) Engels
MARIT P Varianten: Maret (Estland)/Marit (Zweeds). (naam)
49. M METIS P Metis (personified by Athena, pag. 2-59) Mind, wisdom Greek
(ΜΗΗΤΙΣ) P wisdom. She was the first wife of Zeus.
50. M MIDAS P Midas (/ˈmaɪdəs/; Greek: Μίδας) is the name Midas Grieks
of one of at least three members of the royal
house of Phrygia.
51. M MINOS P Royal Name Minos Linear A
(Crete)
52. M MITRA P Mitra (Godheid in de Rigveda) Mitra (god) Sanskrit
53. M MÓÐIR P Móðir - mother mother Icelandic
54. M MΑRKT P markt (from Mercatus?) (market) market Dutch
55. P PΕNIS P Penis ; Old Low German root: *PISA pēnis Latin
56. P PILAR P Pilar (Catalan, Norwegian Bokmål , pillar Catalan
Nynorsk) Norwegian
57. P PIeTER P Pieter (symbolisch “PITER” od “PITAR”, Pieter Dutch
omdat de E de lange klinker I aanduidt)
58. P PITAR P Pitar (father) Father Sanskrit
59. P PITER P Initial Name Sankt-Piter-Boerch (Санкт- Sankt-Piter-Boerch Russian
Питер-Бурхъ) for Saint Petersburg (from
Geschiedenis)
60. P PRAChT P Pracht (splendor) splendor Dutch
61. P PRANG P Prang (nose clip) nose clip Dutch
62. P PRONG P Prong ([Fish-]fork) (Fish-)fork English
63. P PYOTR P Pjotr (name) Peter Russian
64. Q QUR'AN P Quran – het heilige Boek van de Islam Quran Arabisch
65. R RUÏNΕ P maybe from Latin verb ruere Ruins Dutch
R RUINA P Latin
R RUINÆ P (plural: RUINÆ) Latin
66. S SABIN P Sabijn [lid van stam in Italië] {1625} sabijn Etruskisch
S SABIJN P betekenis vermoedelijk: ‘soortgenoot’
67. S SIMON P simon simon eigennaam
68. S SIMLA P Simla (Stad in India) Simla (stad) eigennaam
69. S SUTHI P Graf graf Etruskisch
70. T TAPIR P Tapir Tapir English
71. T *TEIWS P The name of a Gothic deity named *TEIWS *TEIWS (later Gothic
(later *Tīus) *Tīus)
72. T TERUG P terug (backwords) backwards Dutch
nd
73. T ThEMIS P ThEMIS – After METIS the 2 wife of Zeus Themis (justice) Greek
(ΘEMIΣ) P
 # Pentagram P Reference Explanation Language
74. T THUIS P thuis (at home) Thuis (at home) Dutch
75. T TIBER P Tiber (name) Tiber as a river Latin
76. T TIEUS P TIEUS (Tieu) plural of - A surname, borrowed Tieu(s)
from Vietnamese Tiêu, from Chinese 蕭.
77. T TIVAR P Plural for the deity týr gods Old-Norse
78. T TIVAS P *Tīwaz deity Proto-
Germanic
79. T TIWAS P Tiwaz Sun (as a deity) Luwian
80. T TIWAZ P Rune (ᛏ) for the deity Týr Týr rune
81. T TJEUS P nickname to define the JEU-sayers Val Medel (Suisse) Surselvic
82. T TRIBΕ P Tribe (stam) Tribe (stam) Engels
83. T TUROG P Locale heidense godheid in Sussex Turog (god) Celtic (?)
84. U URINA P from Latin urina "urine," from PIE *ur- Urine Latin
U URINΕ P (source also of Greek ouron "urine"), variant English
of root *we-r- "water, liquid, milk, sperm" sperm (source: Dutch
urine)
85. V VAÐIR P vaðir (from váð; piece of cloth; garment) Clothes (plural) Old-Norse
86. V VENUS P Godess for love, beauty, desire, sex, fertility, Venus Latin
prosperity and victory
87. V VIRAL P Viral viral English
88. V VLIES P vlies (vel, membraan) vlies Dutch
89. V VRAChT P Vracht (freight) freight Dutch
90. V VRIJEN P (1): “het VRIJEN”: vrijen (verkering 1: To court Dutch
hebben; minnekozen; (1240). Originally: 2: The free people
“to love” (from: vriend in Etymologiebank). (“the FRANKs”)
(2): “de VRIJEN”: the “free people”
91. W WRANG P Wrang (sourish) sourish Dutch
92. W WRONG P wrong wrong English
93.

Dictionary with a number (~90) perfect pentagrams

Appendix 3 – Papers of J. Richter at Academia.edu and Scribd
The (approximately) 220 following papers are sorted according to the initial upload date5 :

January – December 2021

• The Purpose of Chilperic's Additional Letters (30.3.2021)
• De etymologie van de woorden “Bazin” en „Baas“
• Het alfabetische pentagram (Het verhaal van de taal)
• A Theory of Hierarchical Alphabets
• The Role of the Pentagrams for the Merovingian Kingdom
• De rol van de bijen (of cicaden) uit het koningsgraf van Childerik I
• A New Chapter to the Philosophy of Language
• Overview of the Alphabetic Arrays (14.2.2021)
• Bericht over de analyse van een reeks alfabetten
• The Arrays (and the Presumed Theonym TIEU) of the Ogham Signary (11.02.2021)
• How to Read the Theonym „TIWÆS“ in the Runic „Futhark"-Signary... (30.01.2021)
• The Pentagrams in the Name-giving of the Runes
• De etymologie van de namen Diaus, Dieus en Djous
• The Etymology of the Words Diaus, Dieus and Djous ... (Scribd)
• The Evidence of Perfect Pentagrams in Greek, Roman...
• The Evidence of Perfect and Imperfect Pentagrams
• De woordenlijsten der perfecte en imperfecte pentagrammen

January – December 2020

• Verbale echo's in de Europese talen – Over de naamgeving van de Frankenkoningen (Dutch)
• Patterns of the European Languages
• Another View on the Design of the Frankish Language
• The Generation of Perfect Pentagrams (Like LIBER, FRANK and DYAUS)
• The Naming Convention for Kings in Francia
• Over de naamgeving voor de goden en vorsten van het Frankenrijk
• Hoe de adelgeslachten met de namen Franken, Willem en Lodewijk de onsterfelijkheid
konden pachten
• The Nomenclature of the Sky-Gods - How the Royals achieved Immortality - (Scribd)
• Standardizing the Signaries - The Encryption and Decryption of alphabets (Scribd)
• Another View on the Sefer Yetzirah (Scribd)
• Alphabets With Integrated Dictionaries (Scribd)
◦ The Quantization of the Ugaritic Alphabet (Scribd)
◦ De architectuur van het Oegaritische alfabet (Scribd)
◦ A Periodic Table for Ugaritic Signaries as a Root for the Sky-god Dyaus and the
Personal Pronouns for the 1st Person Singular and Dual Form
◦ Periodic Tables for the Gaelic (Irish and Scottish) alphabets (Scribd)
• Did the Word „Deus“ Exist in the Archaic Alphabets (Scribd)
◦ Periodic Tables for the Euboean and Etruscan Alphabets (Scribd)
◦ A Periodic Table for the Greek Alphabet
◦ Periodic Tables for the Upper and Lower Sorbian Alphabets
◦ Overview of the Periodic Tables of the Sami Languages

5 https://independent.academia.edu/JoannesRichter, respectively https://independent.academia.edu/richterJoannes

 ◦ Eight Periodic Tables for the Sámi Languages
• Het hart van de Dutche taal
◦ Periodic Tables for the Sami Alphabets
◦ A Periodic Table for the Dutch Language
◦ Periodic Tables for the Dalecarlian Runes and the Elfdalian Alphabet (Scribd)
• The Hierarchical Structure of the Hebrew Alphabet (Scribd)
• De hiërarchische structuur van het Hebreeuwse alfabet (Scribd)
◦ A Periodic Table for the Phoenician and Hebrew Alpabet (Scribd)
◦ A Periodic Table for the Icelandic Alphabet (Scribd)
◦ A Periodic Table for the Coptic Alphabet (Scribd)
◦ A Periodic Table for the Cyrillic Alphabet (Scribd)
• The Impact of Ternary Coding Systems (Scribd)
• A Pedigree for Alphabets (Scribd)
• The Composition of the European Alphabets (Scribd)
• The Letter Repositioning in the Greek and Latin Alphabets
• Unstably Classified Letters in Alphabets (Scribd)
• Notes on the Common Architecture of Alphabetical Structures (Academia.edu)
◦ A Periodic Table for PIE-Alphabets
◦ A Periodic Classification for the Gothic Alphabet (obsolete, Scribd)
◦ A Periodic Classification for the Futhark-Alphabets (obsolete, Scribd)
◦ A Periodic Classification for the Latin Alphabet (obsolete, Scribd)
• The Model of a Language as a Communication Link (Scribd)
• The Roots of the Indo-European Alphabets (12.5.2020)
• Samenvatting van "The Alphabet as an Elementary Document"
• The Alphabet as an Elementary Document
• The Origin of the Name Dyaus
• De oorsprong van de naam Diaus
• The History of Designing an Alphabet (Scribd)
• Een architectuur voor de PIE-talen (Scribd)
• An Architecture for the PIE-Languages
• A Suggested Restoration of the 'Futhark'-Sequence (Scribd)
• The Composition of the Sky- God's Name in PIE-Languages
• The Ternary Codes in Language and Creation (Scribd)
• The Role of Saussure's Letter "E"
• The Optimal Number of Vowels in Languages (Scribd)
• A Ternary Encoding to Optimize Communications and Cooperation
• A Golden Box to Control the Lightnings
• The Ancient Lightning Rods around the Mediterranean Sea
• Die ältesten Blitz(ab)leiter am Mittelmeer (Scribd)
• Pyramids in the Role as Power Plants
• Piramides als energiecentrales (Scribd)
• The Role of the Pyramids in Melting Glass and Meta... (Scribd)
• The Egyptian Drilling Technology (Scribd)
• The Architecture of the Younger Futhark Alphabet

January – December 2019

• The Sources for the IΩ- Pronouns
• Notes to Herodotus' Histories of IΩ, Europa and Medea
• The Role of Irrigation and Drainage in a Successful Civilisation
• De rol van de irrigatie en drainage in een succesv... (Scribd)
• Notes to Frazer's "Pausanias's Description of Greece"
• The Initials of European Philosophy
• Atlantis vormde 3400 jaar geleden een Helleens Delta-project
• The War against Atlantis
• The "Ego"-Root inside the Name "Thebes"
• The Role of the AEtts in the Futharc Alpabet
• The Reconstruction of a European Philosophy
• Traces of an old religion (The Root "Wit" in Wittekind)
• Woden (Wuþ) as the Designer and Author of the Futhark Alphabet
• Is the Core "Wut" in "Wutach" symbolizing "Wutan" ("Woden")
• The Bipolar Core of Germanic Languages
• Simon Stevin's Redefinition of Scientific Arts
• Simon Stevin's definitie van wetenschappelijk onderz
• De etymologie van de woorden met Wit-, Wita en Witan-kernen
• The "Vit"-Roots in the Anglo-Saxon Pedigree
• The Traces of "Wit" in Saxony
• King Chilperic I's letters (ΔΘZΨ) may be found at the beginning ("Futha") of the runic
alphabet and at the end (WIJZAE) of the Danish alphabet
• Aan het slot (WIJZAE) van het Deense alfabet en aan het begin ("Futha") van het
runenalfabet bevinden zich de letters (ΔΘZΨ) van koning Chilperic I
• The Role of the Ligature AE in the European Creation Legend
• A Concept for a Runic Dictionary
• Concentrating the Runes in the Runic Alphabets
• Traces of Vit, Rod and Chrodo
• De sleutelwoorden van het Futhark alfabet
• The Keywords of the Futhark Alphabet
• Het runenboek met het unieke woord Tiw
• A short Essay about the Evolution of European Personal Pronouns
• The Evolution of the European Personal Pronouns
• De miraculeuze transformatie van de Europese samenleving
• The Miraculous Transformation of European Civilization
• The Duality in Greek and Germanic Philosophy
• Bericht van de altaarschellist over de Lof der Zotheid
• De bronnen van Brabant (de Helleputten aan de Brabantse breuklijnen)
• De fundamenten van de samenleving
• De rol van de waterbronnen bij de kerstening van Nederland
• De etymologie van "wijst" en "wijstgrond"
• The Antipodes Mith and With
• The Role of the Dual Form in the Evolution of European Languages
• De rol van de dualis in de ontwikkeling der Europese talen
• The Search for Traces of a Dual Form in Quebec French
• Synthese van de Germanistische & Griekse mythologie en etymologie
• De restanten van de dualis in het Dutch, Engels en Duits
• Notes to the Corner Wedge in the Ugaritic Alphabet
• The Origin of the long IJ-symbol in the Dutch alphabet
• Over de oorsprong van de „lange IJ“ in het Dutche alfabet
• The Backbones of the Alphabets
 • The Alphabet and and the Symbolic Structure of Europe
• The Unseen Words in the Runic Alphabet
• De ongelezen woorden in het runenalfabet
• The Role of the Vowels in Personal Pronouns of the 1st Person Singular
• Over de volgorde van de klinkers in woorden en in godennamen
• The Creation Legends of Hesiod and Ovid
• De taal van Adam en Eva (published: ca. 2.2.2019)

January – December 2018

• King Chilperic's 4 Letters and the Alphabet's Adaptation
• De 4 letters van koning Chilperic I en de aanpassing van het Frankenalfabet
• The Symbolism of Hair Braids and Bonnets in Magical Powers
• The Antipodes in PIE-Languages
• In het Dutch, Duits en Engels is de dualis nog lang niet uitgestorven
• In English, Dutch and German the dual form is still alive
• The Descendants of the Dual Form " Wit "
• A Structured Etymology for Germanic, Slavic and Romance Languages
• The “Rod”-Core in Slavic Etymology (published: ca. 27.11.2018)
• Encoding and decoding the runic alphabet
• Über die Evolution der Sprachen
• Over het ontwerpen van talen
• The Art of Designing Languages
• Notes to the usage of the Spanish words Nos and Vos, Nosotros and Vosotros
• Notes to the Dual Form and the Nous-Concept in the Inari Sami language
• Over het filosofische Nous-concept
• Notes to the Philosophical Nous-Concept
• The Common Root for European Religions (published: ca. 27.10.2018)
• A Scenario for the Medieval Christianization of a Pagan Culture
• Een scenario voor de middeleeuwse kerstening van een heidens volk
• The Role of the Slavic gods Rod and Vid in the Futhorc-alphabet
• The Unification of Medieval Europe
• The Divergence of Germanic Religions
• De correlatie tussen de dualis, Vut, Svantevit en de Sint-Vituskerken
• The Correlation between Dual Forms, Vut, Svantevit and the Saint Vitus Churches
• Die Rekonstruktion der Lage des Drususkanals (published: ca. 27.9.2018)
• Die Entzifferung der Symbolik einer Runenreihe
• Deciphering the Symbolism in Runic Alphabets
• The Sky-God, Adam and the Personal Pronouns
• Notities rond het boek Tiw (Published ca. 6.2.2018)
• Notes to the book TIW
• Von den Völkern, die nach dem Futhark benannt worden sind
• Designing an Alphabet for the Runes
• Die Wörter innerhalb der „Futhark“-Reihe
• The hidden Symbolism of European Alphabets
• Etymology, Religions and Myths
• The Symbolism of the Yampoos and Wampoos in Poe's “Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym
from Nantucket”
• Notizen zu " Über den Dualis " und " Gesammelte sprachwissenschaftliche Schriften "
 • Ϝut - Het Dutche sleutelwoord
• Concepts for the Dual Forms
• The etymology of the Greek dual form νώ (νῶϊ)
• Proceedings in the Ego-pronouns' Etymology
• Notities bij „De godsdiensten der volken“
• The Role of *Teiwaz and *Dyeus in Filosofy
• A Linguistic Control of Egotism
• The Design of the Futhark Alphabet
• An Architecture for the Runic Alphabets
• The Celtic Hair Bonnets (Published Jun 24, 2018)
• Die keltische Haarhauben
• De sculpturen van de Walterich-kapel te Murrhardt
• The rediscovery of a lost symbolism
• Het herontdekken van een vergeten symbolisme
• De god met de twee gezichten
• The 3-faced sculpture at Michael's Church in Forchtenberg
• Over de woorden en namen, die eeuwenlang bewaard gebleven zijn
• De zeven Planeten in zeven Brabantse plaatsnamen
• Analysis of the Futhorc-Header
• The Gods in the Days of the Week and inside the Futhor-alphabet
• Een reconstructie van de Dutche scheppingslegende
• The Symbolism in Roman Numerals
• The Keywords in the Alphabets Notes to the Futharc's Symbolism
• The Mechanisms for Depositing Loess in the Netherlands
• Over het ontstaan van de Halserug, de Heelwegen en Heilwegen in de windschaduw van de
Veluwe
• Investigations of the Rue d'Enfer-Markers in France
• Die Entwicklung des französischen Hellwegs ( " Rue d'Enfer "
• De oorsprong van de Heelwegen op de Halserug, bij Dinxperlo en Beltrum
• The Reconstruction of the Gothic Alphabet's Design
• Von der Entstehungsphase eines Hellwegs in Dinxperlo-Bocholt
• Over de etymologie van de Hel-namen (Heelweg, Hellweg, Helle..) in Nederland
• Recapitulatie van de projecten Ego-Pronomina, Futhark en Hellweg
• Over het ontstaan en de ondergang van het Futhark-alfabet
• Die Etymologie der Wörter Hellweg, Heelweg, Rue d'Enfer, Rue de l'Enfer und Santerre
• The Etymology of the Words Hellweg, Rue d'Enfer and Santerre
• The Decoding of the Kylver Stone' Runes
• The Digamma-Joker of the Futhark
• The Kernel of the Futhorc Languages
• De kern van de Futhark-talen
• Der Kern der Futhark-Sprachen
• De symboolkern IE van het Dutch
• Notes to Guy Deutscher's "Through the Language Glass"
• Another Sight on the Unfolding of Language (Published 1 maart, 2018)

January – December 2017

• Notes to the Finnish linguistic symbolism of the sky-god's name and the days of the week
• A modified Swadesh List (Published 12 / 17 / 2017)
 • A Paradise Made of Words
• The Sky-God Names and the Correlating Personal Pronouns
• The Nuclear Pillars of Symbolism (Published 10 / 28 / 2017)
• The Role of the Dual Form in Symbolism and Linguistics (Oct 17, 2017)
• The Correlation between the Central European Loess Belt, the Hellweg-Markers and the
Main Isoglosses
• The Central Symbolic Core of Provencal Language (Oct 7, 2017)

December 2011
• The Hermetic Codex II - Bipolar Monotheism (Scribd)