PROBLEM 1.

73

KNOWN: Hot plate suspended in a room, plate temperature, room temperature and surroundings
temperature, convection coefficient and plate emissivity, mass and specific heat of the plate.

FIND: (a) The time rate of change of the plate temperature, and (b) Heat loss by convection and heat
loss by radiation.

SCHEMATIC:
Air Ts

qrad
qrad
T∞ = 25°C
h = 6.4 W/m2 ⋅ K
qconv
qconv E& st

Plate, 0.3 m x 0.3 m

M = 3.75 kg, cp = 2770 J/kg·K, ε = 0.42
Tsur = 25°C

ASSUMPTIONS: (1) Plate is isothermal and at uniform temperature, (2) Large surroundings, (3)
Negligible heat loss through suspension wires.

ANALYSIS: For a control volume about the plate, the conservation of energy requirement is

E& in - E& out = E& st (1)

dT
where E& st = Mc p (2)
dt
&E - E& 4 4
and in out = εAσ(Tsur - Ts ) + hA(T∞ - Ts ) (3)

4
dT A[εσ(Tsur - Ts4 ) + h(T∞ - Ts )]
Combining Eqs. (1) through (3) yields =
dt Mc p
Noting that Tsur = 25o C + 273 K = 298 K and Ts = 225o C + 273 K = 498 K ,

W W
{2×0.3 m×0.3 m[0.42×5.67×10-8 × (4984 -2984 ) K 4 ]+6.4 2 ×(25o C-225o C)}
dT 2
m ⋅K 4
m ⋅K
=
dt J
3.75 kg×2770
kg ⋅ K

= -0.044 K/s <

The heat loss by radiation is the first term in the numerator of the preceding expression and is
q rad = 230 W <
The heat loss by convection is the second term in the preceding expression and is
q conv = 230 W <

COMMENTS: (1) Note the importance of using kelvins when working with radiation heat transfer.
(2) The temperature difference in Newton’s law of cooling may be expressed in either kelvins or
degrees Celsius. (3) Radiation and convection losses are of the same magnitude. This is typical of
many natural convection systems involving gases such as air.