Prepared by: Mary May M.

Noynay
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 Differentiate
Arithmetic Sequence and
Geometric Sequence;

 Solve problems involving sequences;

 An ordered list of numbers, called terms, that
may have repeated values.

 The arrangement of these terms is set by a

definite rule.

3, 8, 13, 18, 28, …

 Analyze the given sequence for its rule and
identify the next three terms.
10 000 ________,
A. 1, 10, 100,1000, ________, 100 000 ______
1 000 000

27
B. 2, 5, 9, 14, 20, ________, 35
__________, 44
________

13
c. 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, ________, 21
_________, 34
_________
 The sequence in letter C is a special sequence
called Fibonacci Sequence.
 Named after the Italian Mathematician
Leonardo of Pisa/Leonardo Fibonacci.
 Discovered the sequence by looking how a
hypothesized group of rabbits bred and
reproduced.

0 1 5 13
1 2 3 8 21
 Having a single pair of
rabbits and then finding
out how many pairs of
rabbits will be born in a
year, with the assumption
that a new pair of rabbits
is born each month and
this new pair, in turn,
gives birth to additional
pairs of rabbits beginning
at two months after they
were born.
 He noted that the set of
numbers generated from
this problem could be
extended by getting the
sum of the two previous
terms.
 Let Fib(n) be the nth term of the Fibonacci
Sequence, with Fib(1)= 1, Fib(2) = 1, Fib(3) = 2,
and so on.
1. Find Fib(8).
 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21

 2. Find Fib(19).
◦ 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55,89, 144, 233,
377, 610, 987, 1597, 2584, 4181
 1: 5 𝑛 1; 5 𝑛
( ) ;( )
Fn = 2 2
5
 Find Fib(19).
◦ 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55,89, 144, 233, 377,
610, 987, 1597, 2584, 4181

1: 5 19 1; 5 19
( ) ;( )
2 2
𝐹19 =
5

𝐹19 = 4, 181
 3. If fib(22)= 17, 711 and Fib(24)=46, 368,
what is Fib(23)?

17 711, ______, 46368

46368 -17711 = 28, 657

 Arithmetic Sequence
◦ When the difference between successive terms is
constant.
◦ Arithmetic Progression
◦ Common difference

 Finding the nth term:

𝑨𝑷 = 𝒂 + 𝒏 − 𝟏 𝒅
◦ a=first term
◦ n = number of the term
◦ d = common difference
 Arithmetic Series
◦ Sum of terms of an Arithmetic Progression.

 Finding the sum of first n terms of an A.P.

𝑛
𝑆𝑛< 2 [2𝑎: 𝑛;1 𝑑]

𝑎1 :𝑎𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = 𝑛( 2 )
a. Find the 6th term: b. Find the 20th term:
a = 1; n = 6; d = 4 a = 1; n = 20; d = 4

𝐴𝑃 = 𝑎 + 𝑛 − 1 𝑑 𝐴𝑃 = 𝑎 + 𝑛 − 1 𝑑
𝐴𝑃6 = 1 + 6 − 1 4 𝐴𝑃20 = 1 + 20 − 1 4
𝐴𝑃6 = 1 + 5 4 𝐴𝑃20 = 1 + 19 4
𝐴𝑃6 = 1 + 20 𝐴𝑃20 = 1 + 76
𝑨𝑷𝟔 = 𝟐𝟏 𝑨𝑷𝟐𝟎 = 𝟕𝟕
2.) Find d if a = 5; n=15; 3.) Find a if 𝐴𝑃20 = 1000
and d = 4.
𝐴𝑃15 = 705.
Sol’n:
Sol’n:
𝑨𝑷 = 𝒂 + 𝒏 − 𝟏 𝒅
𝑨𝑷 = 𝒂 + 𝒏 − 𝟏 𝒅
1000 = a + (20 – 1) 4
705 = 5 + (15 -1) d
705 = 5 + 14d 1000= a + (19) 4

705-5 = 14d 1000 = a + 76

700 = 14d 1000 – 76 = a
50 = d 924 = a
Given: a =5; n = 11; d = 9
𝑆𝑛< 𝑛2[2𝑎: 𝑛;1 𝑑]

11 𝑆11< 11 (50)
𝑆11< 2 [2(5): 11;1 9]

11
𝑺𝟏𝟏< 𝟓𝟓𝟎
𝑆11< 2 [10: 10 9]

𝑆11< 11
2
[10:90]

𝑆11< 11
2
[100]
 Geometric Progression/Sequence
◦ Sequence of numbers where each term after the
first is found by multiplying the previous term by a
fixed number called common ratio.
 Finding the nth term of G.P.

𝐺. 𝑃 = 𝑎𝑟 𝑛;1
 Finding the sum of the first n terms of G.P:

𝑎 (𝑟 𝑛 ;1)
𝑆𝑛 = 𝑟 ;1
a. Find the 12th term. b. Find the 20th term.
Given: Given:
a = 2; n = 12; r = 3 a = 2; n = 20; r = 3
Sol’n:
Sol’n:
𝐺. 𝑃 = 𝑎𝑟 𝑛;1 𝐺. 𝑃 = 𝑎𝑟 𝑛;1
𝐺. 𝑃20 = 2(3)20;1
𝐺. 𝑃12 = 2(3)12;1
= 2(3)19
= 2(3)11 = 2(1, 162, 261,467)
= 2 177, 147 = 2, 324, 522, 934
= 354, 294
C. Find r if a=1 and 𝐺𝑃6 = 3, 125.
Given:
a=1; n = 6, 𝐺𝑃6 = 3, 125; r = ?
Sol’n:
𝐺. 𝑃 = 𝑎𝑟 𝑛;1
3, 125 = 1(𝑟)6;1
3, 125 = 1(𝑟)5
𝑟 5 = 3, 125
5 5
𝑟5 = 3, 125

r=5
D. Find n if r = 2; a= 4; GPn =16, 384.
Sol’n:
𝐺. 𝑃 = 𝑎𝑟 𝑛;1
16, 384=4(2)𝑛;1
Checking:
16,384 4(2)𝑛;1
4 < 4 16, 384 = 4 (2)13 ;1
16, 384 = 4 (2)12
4096=2𝑛;1 16, 384 = 4 (4096)
212 = 2𝑛;1 16, 384 =16, 384
12 = 𝑛 − 1
12+1 =n
n =13
E. Find n if r =3; a= 1; GPn =59, 049.
Sol’n:
G. P = ar n;1
59, 049=1(3)𝑛;1
59,049 < (3)n;1

310 = (3)n;1
Checking:
10 = n-1
59, 049 = 1 (3)11 ;1
10+1 = n 59, 049 = 310
59, 049 = 59, 049
n = 11
F. Find the sum of the first 10 terms in the
sequence.
Given: a=-2; n = 10; r = 2
𝑎 (𝑟 𝑛 ;1)
𝑆𝑛 = 𝑟 ;1

;2(210 ;1)
= 2 ;1

;2(1,024;1)
= 2 ;1

= ;2 (1,023)

= -2, 046
G. Find the sum of the first 15 terms in the
sequence.
Given: a=-2; n = 15; r = 2
𝑎 (𝑟 𝑛 ;1)
𝑆𝑛 = 𝑟 ;1

;2(215 ;1)
= 2 ;1

;2(32,768;1)
= 2 ;1

= ;2 (32,767)

= -65, 534
  References:
• Mathematics in The Modern World A Work
Text (Guillermo,Abratique, Ballena, Garambas)
• College Algebra by Dr. Liza Jala
• Google Pictures