Proportional reasoning…

@whisto_maths Multiplying and Dividing Fractions

What do I need to be able Keywords
to do? Numerator : the number above the line on a fraction. The top number. Represents how many parts are taken
Denominator: the number below the line on a fraction. The number represent the total number of parts..
Whole: a positive number including zero without any decimal or fractional parts.
By the end of this unit you should be able to:
Commutative: an operation is commutative if changing the order does not change the result.
• Carry out any multiplication or division
Unit Fraction: a fraction where the numerator is one and denominator a positive integer.
using fractions and integers.
Non-unit Fraction: a fraction where the numerator is larger than one.
• Solutions can be modelled, described and
Dividend : the amount you want to divide up.
reasoned
Divisor: the number that divides another number.
Quotient: the answer after we divide one number by another. e.g. dividend÷ divisor = quotient
Reciprocal: a pair of numbers that multiply together to give 1.

Representing a fraction Repeated addition = multiplication by an integer Revisit

Numerator When adding fractions with
2 2 2 2 2
Denominator Number of parts represented 4x 5 5
+ 5 + 5 + 5
the same denominator = add
the numerators
Numerator How many parts are shaded?
3
Integer What each part represents
(Whole number)
5
+ + +
2 2 2 2
8
= 5 5 5 5
Each part 1 5
Number of parts to make up the whole
represents 5
Denominator 3
= 1 5
ALL PARTS of a fraction are of equal size 0 1 2
Each whole is split into the same number of parts as the denominator

Multiplying unit fractions Multiplying non-unit fractions

1 1
4
x 31 = 12
Parts shaded Shade in 3
parts
Repeat it
on this
3
4
x 32 = 12
6 Parts shaded
many rows
Modelled: Modelled:
Total number of Total number of
3 3
parts in the diagram parts in the diagram

This many columns This many rows

4 4

Quick Multiplying and Cancelling down The reciprocal When you multiply a number by its reciprocal the answer is always 1
1
1
3 4
3 x =1 Reciprocals for division

5
x The 3 and the 9 have a common factor and
can be simplified
1 1
3
1
e.g Multiplying by
a reciprocal
9 3
Quick Solving 3 + 3+ 3= 1
x
gives the
same
Multiply the numerators
1x4
= 4 1 5 4 = 20 outcome
Multiply the denominators 5x3 15 The reciprocal of 3 is 3 and vice versa

Dividing an integer by an unit fraction Dividing any fractions Remember to use reciprocals
“There are 4 quarters in
1 whole.
2
5 ÷ 3
4
Multiplying by
a reciprocal
Represented
8

÷ =
1 Therefore, there are 20 gives the
1 4 = 4 quarters in 5 wholes” 2
x 4 same
outcome
15
5 3
How many quarters
are in 1?
5 ÷ 1
4 = 20