Homework/Assignment 4

(Standardization)

Full Name of submitter: Nguyễn Thị Minh Hạnh

Student ID: IEIEIU18165

Your Group number is: …3 …..

Group member and distribution:

Question 1:
Lại Thị Yến Nhi: IEIEIU18065
Vũ Ngọc Bảo Trân: IEIEIU18100
Trần Quỳnh Châu: IEIEIU18010
Question 2:
Nguyễn Ngọc Hân: IEIEIU18152
Nguyễn Thị Minh Hạnh: IEIEIU18165
Question 3:
Lê Thị Yến Vy: IEIEIU1818157
Trương Kim Khánh: IEIEIU18037
Phan Minh Thư: IEIEIU18126
1. Takt time:
a. Why do we need this metric?
b. How to get the value?
c. Can we measure this?
2. Little’s Law?
a. What does it mean in term of productivity and service?
b. Give examples and explain
3. There is a demand 1200 units from a production line with 8 working hours
per day
Work elements Precedence Process Time (minutes)

1
 A - 0.1
B A 0.2

C A 0.4

D B, C 0.3

E D 0.2

F E 0.3

Identify:

a) the takt time,

b) flow time and
c) cycle time?

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Answers/Works
2
Question 1:
a. Takt time refers to the amount of time that the manufacturers have per unit to produce
enough goods to fulfill customer demand. And it also ensures that goods flow through
each build station in the most efficient manner.
b. Takt time = Effective daily operation day/ Required quantity per day
c. We can not measure takt time since its value depends on the demand of customers which
is variable.
Question 2:
a. Little’s law is an equation showing that the lead time in a process is equal to their
cycle time multiplied by the work-in-process (WIP). “Lead time” is the time a part
takes to pass completely through the system (it is the time between entering and leaving
the process). "Cycle time" is the time it takes to complete the production of one unit from
start to finish. Cycle time is equal to the max time spent at any station. “Work-in-
progress” (WIP) is partially finished goods awaiting completion. Little’s Law provides a
simple way of evaluating average process performance.
Formula: Lead Time = Cycle Time * WIP
The little’s law prove that the increasing in the number of work or customer in process
has the effect of increasing the average time it takes for each work item to be completed
(Lead Time)
b. EX: We have an average of 6 work items in progress, we can delivery 2 items per day,
the lead time is 3 days.
1
Since we can delivery 2 items per day, the cycle time is day
2
Apply the little’s law:
1
Lead time = cycle time* WIP = x 6 = 3 (days)
2
If we want to decrease the lead time, we need to decrease the number of works in the
process or increase the items delivered per day.

Question 3:
Total available time: 8 hour * 60 = 480 (mins/day)
Demand: 1200 (units/day)
480
a) Takt time = = 0.4 (mins)
1200
b) Flow time = 0.1 + 0.2 + 0.4 + 0.2 + 0.3 + 0.3 = 1.5 (mins)
c) Cycle time = max (0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.2, 0.3, 0.3) = 0.4 (mins)