Norsaidin A.

Tungkag
3BSE-D SCIENCE

CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
Chapter 4
Linear Models
1. Examine the strengths and weaknesses of linear models.

Linear Models Strengths Weaknesses

Tyler’s Rational Linear Provide curriculum Hlebowitsh (1995) criticizes

Model developer with a clear that Tyler`s Model tends to
direction for the trivialize the curriculum to
development process. the easily measurable, that
is addressing lower order.
Taba’s Grassroots Rational Clear stated objectives a Over emphasis on
Model good place to begin. measurable out comes.
Standards-based Easy to apply. Logical structures do not
Curriculum Development always apply to non-linear
Model evolving curricula.
Understanding by Design Involves the active Limits what students can
Model (UBD) participation of the learn.
learner.( Prideaux, 2003)
Systematic Design Model Simple linear approach to It teats end and means
development of behaviour separately.
of objectives (Billings and
Halsted, 2009).
Murray Print Model for The first phase recognizes Non-systematic approach.
Curriculum the nature of curriculum.
Cyclical Models

2. Examine the strengths and weaknesses of cyclical models.

Cyclical Models Strengths Weaknesses

Audrey Nicholls and Provide flexibility and It takes time to undertake

Howard Nicholls Model for relevant to school
Curriculum Development situation & suitable for
curriculum development
by the teachers.
Wheeler’s Curriculum Evaluation should be in
Development every step before move to
the next steps.
The Contextual Filters Provides logical Not very different from
Model of Course Planning consequences.
an effective situational
analysis.
Utilizing the amount of
required time is a problem
to undertake an effective
situational analysis.
Tyler Models since it
adopts logical
consequences.

Dynamic Models

3. Examine the strengths and weaknesses of dynamic models.

Dynamic Models Strengths Weaknesses

Walker’s Model of Developers are free to be Lacks emphasis on the

Curriculum Development more creative. It allows construction of and use of
the developer to change objectives (objectives must
the order of planning, to be stated in order to be
move to and from among effective).
the curriculum elements
(Brady 1990).
Skillbeck’s Curriculum Curriculum developer can Appears confusing and
Development Model begin with any of the seems to lack direction
elements that are (developer are left
appropriate to their needs perplexed as what to do).
(Print 1989).
Eisner’s Artistic Approach More realistic, feasible Confusion rather than
to Curriculum ways of handling the clarity.
Development curriculum development.
Developer may retrace Developers waste
their steps and proceed in significant amounts of time
whatever they prefer. by not following a logical
sequence.