Professional Documents
Culture Documents
• Absensi : 10%
• Tugas : 20%
Pribadi
Kelompok
• UTS : 30%
• UAS : 40%
Standard/Code
Standard Indonesia:
• SNI-1726-2010 : Standar Perencanaan Ketahanan Gempa untuk Struktur Bangunan Gedung.
• SNI 03-2847-2002 : Tata Cara Perhitungan Struktur Beton untuk Bangunan Gedung.
Standard International:
• BS 5400 : Steel, concrete and composite bridge
• BS 5950 : Structural use of steel work in building
• BS 6349-1-2000 : Maritime Structures: Code of Practice for General Criteria
• BS 6349-2-2010 : Maritime Structures: Code of Practice for the design of quay walls, jetties and dolphins
• BS 6349-4-1994 : Maritime Structures: Code of Practice for the design of fendering and mooring system
• BS-8002 : Code of Practice for Earth Retaining Wall
• BS-8004 : Code of Practice for Foundation
• BS-8110 : Structural use of concrete
• BS EN-1998 : Design of Structures for Earthquake Resistance
• JIS A 5335 : Pretensioned Spun Concrete Pile
• JIS A 5373 : Precast Prestressed Concrete Product
• ACI 543R-00 : Design, Manufacture, and Installation of Concrete Piles
International Guideline:
• PIANC WG33 : Guidelines for the Design of Fender System (2002)
• PIANC WG34 : Seismic Design Guidelines for Port Structures (2001)
• OCIMF (Oil Companies International Marine Forum) Guidelines for Mooring Equipments
• EAU 2004 : Recommendations of the committee for waterfront structures, harbours, and waterways, 2004
• ISPS : International Ship and Port Facility Security Code
• Imperial College ICP, Design methods for driven piles in sand and clays
Definisi Penting
Pelabuhan
Suatu area yang berada ditepi
sungai atau laut yang
mempunyai satu atau lebih
fasilitas untuk bersandar dan
bongkar/muat kapal serta area
penyimpanan sementara. Dalam
suatu area pelabuhan, dapat
ditemui satu atau lebih dermaga
untuk komoditi yang berbeda.
Dermaga
Salah satu fasilitas dalam
pelabuhan yang berfungsi
sebagai fasilitas tambat/sandar
kapal pada saat proses
bongkar/muat muatan.
Definisi Penting
Kapasitas Kapal
GRT (Gross Register Tonnage)
volume/isi sebuah kapal dikurangi dengan isi sejumlah ruangan tertentu (deducted spaces)
NRT (Nett Register Tonnage)
volume/isi sebuah kapal dikurangi dengan jumlah isi ruangan yang tidak dapat dipakai untuk mengangkut
muatan
DWT (Dead Weight Tonnage)
selisih berat kapal maksimum dikurangi berat kapal kosong (load displacement – light displacement).
TEU (Twenty Feet Equivalent Unit)
satuan yang menggambarkan ukuran sebesar container 20 feet
Dimensi Kapal
LoA (Length Over All)
LBP (Length Between Perpendicular)
B (Beam)
D (Depth)
d (draft)
Klasifikasi Kapal Berdasarkan Muatan
Chinamax
Very large bulk carrier which can't be longer than 360m (1,180 ft), wider
than 65 m (213 ft) and the draft can't be more than 24 m (79 ft). The
deadweight tonnage of these vessels is 380,000–400,000 DWT
Handymax/Supramax
Small-sized cargo ships with a size less than 60,000 DWT. Supramax vessels
have capacity between 50,000 to 60,000 DWT.
Handysize
small-sized ships with a capacity ranging between 15,000 and 35,000 DWT
Malaccamax
Malaccamax ships are the largest ships that can pass through the Strait off
Malacca which is 25 m (82 ft) deep. As per the current permissible limits, a
Malaccamax vessel can have a maximum length of 400 m (1,312ft), beam
of 59 m (193.5 ft), and draught of 14.5 m (47.5 ft).
Beberapa Ukuran Kapal
Suezmax
Named after the famous Suez Canal. Currently the permissible limits for
suezmax ships are 20.1 m (66 ft) of draught with the beam no wider than 50 m
(164.0 ft), or 12.2 m (40 ft) of draught with maximum allowed beam of 77.5 m
(254 ft).
Panamax and New Panamax
Travelling through the Panama Canal and strictly follow the size regulations set
by the Panama Canal Authority. A Panamax vessel can't be longer than 294,13
m (965 ft), wider than 32,31 m (106 ft) and draught can't be more than 12,04 m
(39.5 ft). These vessels have an average capacity of 65,000 DWT, and operate in
the Caribbean and Latin American regions.
The New Panamax has been created as a result of the expanding plans for
Panama Canal locks. Expanded locks will be around 427 m (1400 ft) long, 55 m
(180 ft) wide and 18,30 m (60 ft) deep so Panama Canal will be able to handle
larger vessels .
VLCC (Very Large Crude Carrier)
Size ranging between 180,000 to 320,000 DWT. VLCCs are used extensively
around the North Sea, Mediterranean and West Africa.
ULCC (Ultra Large Crude Carrier)
the largest shipping vessels in the world with a size more than 320,000
DWT. Called Super Tankers, ULCCs are used for long-haul oil crude
transportation from Middle East to Europe, Asia, and North America.
Beberapa Ukuran Kapal
garis pantai
Dermaga Memanjang/Wharf
Bentuk dermaga memanjang, dimana struktur dermaga
dibangun sejajar dengan garis pantai. Tambatan ini
dibangun bila garis kedalaman kolam pelabuhan
hampir merata sejajar dengan garis pantai.
LOA
garis pantai
Panjang Dermaga
Alternatif Layout Dermaga
Alternatif Struktur Dermaga
Deck on Pile
Dermaga jenis ini menggunakan serangkaian tiang pancang (piles) sebagai pondasi bagi lantai dermaga (deck). Guna menjaga
tanah di belakang bangunan tiang dari keruntuhan, digunakan dinding penahan tanah atau turap yang dilapisi dengan
perkuatan (revetment).
http://constructalia.arcelormittal.com
Sumber Image: BS6349-2-2010
Alternatif Struktur Dermaga
Contoh Dermaga Sheet Pile
http://www.archirodon.net
http://www.archirodon.net
Alternatif Struktur Dermaga
Dermaga Caisson
Struktur dermaga jenis ini memanfaatkan berat sendiri untuk menahan beban-beban vertikal dan horizontal dari dermaga
serta untuk menahan tekanan tanah.