LAB REPORT-2

IRRIGATION ENGINEERING

SUBMITTED TO:
LEC. UKASHA

SUBMITTED BY:
AHMED SULEMAN
ASC 2588
240851

DATED: APRIL 08, 2021

In this lab we will be walked through the procedure to estimate the reference
evapotranspiration (ETo) of Lahore area using datasets of two (03) nearest climate station
available with CLIMWAT 2.0.
Step 1: Locate Lahore (Latitude = 31.55 and Longitude = 74.33 )

Step 2: Locate two (03) nearest location in CLIMWAT 2.0.

Step 3: Export climate data for the two (02) stations. Follow procedure practiced in Lab-1

Step 4: Using procedure practiced in Lab-1, import one by one the data of two (02) stations into
CROPWAT 8.0.

Step 5: Copy climate data of each station into excel (as practiced in Lab-1)

Lyallpur-Risalawal
Month Min Temp Max Temp Humidity Wind Sun Rad ETo
°C °C % km/day hours MJ/m²/day mm/day
January 4.8 19.4 67 86 4.5 9.6 1.57
February 7.6 22.4 59 112 6.3 13.5 2.38
March 12.6 27.4 54 130 7.1 17.1 3.57
April 18.3 34.2 38 156 8 20.5 5.52
May 24.1 39.7 32 164 7.8 21.5 6.85
June 27.6 41 37 181 8.1 22.2 7.52
July 27.9 37.7 59 173 6.9 20.2 6.09
August 27.2 36.5 65 156 7.4 20.1 5.54
September 24.5 36.6 55 130 7.8 18.7 5.14
October 17.7 33.9 50 104 7.8 16 3.99
November 10.4 28.2 55 86 6.6 12.2 2.59
December 6.1 22.1 62 86 6 10.5 1.81

Average 17.4 31.6 53 130 7 16.8 4.38

 ISLAMABAD
AIRPORT
Min Max
Month Humidity Wind Sun Rad ETo
Temp Temp
°C °C % km/day hours MJ/m²/day mm/day
January 2.7 16.3 67 199 6 10.5 1.85
February 4.8 20.1 58 277 6.1 12.7 3.02
March 10.3 23.6 61 320 5.9 15.1 3.86
April 14.6 29.7 46 354 7.4 19.5 6.32
May 20.2 35.5 36 372 9.1 23.3 8.71
June 24.4 39.7 34 337 11.3 26.9 9.99
July 24.9 35.5 60 320 6.9 20.1 6.78
August 23.8 33.2 72 277 7.9 20.5 5.47
September 21.8 33.5 62 225 7.5 18 5.19
October 14.4 29.8 52 190 8.1 15.7 4.31
November 7.2 24.2 51 190 7.7 12.6 3.15
December 3.4 19.1 60 173 5.5 9.4 2.07

Average 14.4 28.4 55 269 7.5 17 5.06

SARGODHA
Min Max
Month Humidity Wind Sun Rad ETo
Temp Temp
°C °C % km/day Hours MJ/m²/day mm/day
January 4.7 18.9 69 138 6 10.9 1.79
February 6.4 22.8 65 173 6.2 13.2 2.61
March 12.5 26.9 62 233 7 16.8 3.95
April 17.6 33.2 50 285 8 20.5 6.31
May 21.9 37.5 38 311 8.8 23 8.42
June 26.7 41.5 37 294 8 22.1 9.05
July 27.6 37.7 61 337 7.5 21.2 7.34
August 26.3 36 68 294 8.1 21 6.26
September 24.1 36.1 61 207 8.1 19 5.64
October 17.3 33.4 56 164 8.1 16.2 4.47
November 10.1 25.4 59 121 7.9 13.3 2.69
December 5.4 21.2 64 104 7 11.2 1.82

Average 16.7 30.9 57 222 7.6 17.4 5.03

Step 6: Estimating ETo of Lahore as simple average of ETos of three nearest stations.

Lyallpur-Risalawal Islamabad Airport Sarghoda Lahore

Month ETo ETo ETo ETo
mm/day mm/day mm/day mm/day
January 1.57 1.85 1.79 1.736666667
February 2.38 3.02 2.61 2.67
March 3.57 3.86 3.95 3.793333333
April 5.52 6.32 6.31 6.05
May 6.85 8.71 8.42 7.993333333
June 7.52 9.99 9.05 8.853333333
July 6.09 6.78 7.34 6.736666667
August 5.54 5.47 6.26 5.756666667
September 5.14 5.19 5.64 5.323333333
October 3.99 4.31 4.47 4.256666667
November 2.59 3.15 2.69 2.81
December 1.81 2.07 1.82 1.9

Average 4.38 5.06 5.03 4.823333333

Step 7: Estimating ETo of Lahore based on averaged climate parameters of two near stations (i.e.
minimum temperature of Lahore is average of minimum temperature of Lyallpur, Islamabad Sargodha,
see figure below. In a similar way, each climate parameters to be averaged for Lahore). Input the
averaged climate parameters for Lahore area into CROPWAT 8.0 (manually), ETo will be computed by
CROPWAT 8.0
Step 8: Compare the ETos of Lahore estimated using two (02) methods by graphing them.

Month Eto - Average Eto- Calculated

mm/day mm/day
January 1.736666667 1.78
February 2.67 2.73
March 3.793333333 3.92
April 6.05 6.22
May 7.993333333 8.2
June 8.853333333 8.93
July 6.736666667 6.8
August 5.756666667 5.83
September 5.323333333 5.41
October 4.256666667 4.34
November 2.81 2.87
December 1.9 1.95

Average 4.823333333 4.92

ETo
10

Eto - Average mm/day Eto- Calculated mm/day