Professional Documents
Culture Documents
SONDEX A/S
SFD 6
3. Trouble shooting
* Insufficient vacuum
* Overcooling of engine cooling water to evaporator
* Sea water flow to condenser
* Too high salinity
5. Chemical cleaning
* Chemical dosing of scale control chemicals
* Chemical dosing unit
* Evaporator treatment
6. Spare parts
* Assembly drawing – freshwater distiller
* Spare part list
* Drawing - condenser (plate pack)
* Spare part list
* Drawing - evaporator (plate pack)
* Spare part list
* Assembly drawing – freshwater outlet
* Spare part lists
* Assembly drawing – air relief system
* Spare part list
* Assembly drawing – chemical dosing system
* Assembly drawing – ejector and spare parts list
* CH Centrifugal pump
* Assembly drawing – freshwater pump
* Spare part list
* Mounting and operating instructions for pumps
* Spare part lists for Ejector pump – CNL – 5,0 bar
7. Rehardening filter
* Content
8. Steam unit
* Content ( available if ordered)
* Valves safety system, cirk. Pump + E motor
9. Technical Specifications
* Technical Specification
* SONDEX Specification
The Sondex Freshwater Distiller utilizes the heat from diesel engine jacket cooling water
to produce pure drinkable water by evaporating seawater under high vacuum enabling the
feed water to evaporate at temperatures below 48°C. Steam can also be used as heat
source instead of hot jacket water.
The Sondex Fresh water Distiller is based on 2 sets of Sondex titanium plate heat
exchangers, acting as an evaporator and a condenser respectively.
The evaporation chamber is kept under vacuum by a water ejector driven by the seawater
outlet from the evaporator. The feed water evaporates when entering the evaporating
chamber due to the vacuum condition. Water spray and droplets are partly removed from
the vapour by the deflector mounted on top of the evaporator and partly by a build-in
demister. The separated water droplets fall back into the brine, which is extracted from
the shell by means of the ejector.
The desalted vapour passing through the demister will be sucked into the plate condenser
where it will be condensed by means of cold incoming salt water.
The pure distilled water will be taken out by means of an integral freshwater pump. The
pure water taken out from the condenser will be controlled by a Salinometer to supervise
that the preset salinity will be reached. If the salinity exceeds the specified level, the
solenoid valve in the discharge line of the distiller pump is automatically activated and
faulty distillate is returned to the feed line or dumped into the drain.
The Salinometer can be connected to remote alarm so that a too high salinity is registered
immediately at the bridge of the ship or in the control room.
Important notes!
The plant is constructed for a pressure of 3-3,5 bar before the ejector.
The pressure after the ejector should be max. 0,6 bar.
Installation Description
Place the freshwater distiller so that it will be possible to open it for inspection and
cleaning, and install it with a simple pipe layout - and as close to the distiller as possible
at a place with a minimum of merging pipes. Be aware that pipe dimensions are not too
small and that the number of bends and valves are kept at a minimum to avoid
unnecessary pressure drop which could effect the specified pump efficiency and the
produced freshwater capacity.
The support of the pipes must not be too far from the distiller, and should be installed in
such a way that they do not load sockets on the Freshwater Distiller.
Connect the evaporator to the jacket water system from the engine or any other heating
source. This can be done either in series with a bypass valve or in parallel with the
cooler of the engine.
Connect the combined ejector/seawater pump with its suction socket to the seawater
inlet at a place where the inlet pressure always is positive.
The outlet of sea water is directly overboard with its own overboard valve and above
water line at deepest draft.
Check the specified quantity of jacket water or steam flow through the evaporator.
The freshwater pipe should be connected to the freshwater tank of the ship. The counter
pressure in the freshwater pipe should not exceed 1,2 – 1,6 bar according to
specification.
Note:
The combined ejector/seawater pump is designed to stand on a level with and in close
vicinity to the Freshwater Distiller, and for a maximum counter-pressure in the
overboard piping of max. 0,6 bar.
SONDEX A/S – Freshwater Distiller – Item list
Item Part
1 Evaporator plates
2 Condenser plates
3 Twin Ejector
4 Ejector/seawater pump
5 Freshwater pump
6 Salinometer
7 Electrode
8 Water meter for freshwater
9 Switch Board
10 Demister
11 Separator plate
12 Seawater inlet
13 Seawater outlet
14 Engine cooling water outlet
15 Engine cooling water inlet
16 Solenoid valve
17 Feed valve
18 Non-return adjusting valve
19 Destiller chamber
20 Chemical dosing equipment
21 Non return valve, braine
22 Draining valve
23 Non return valve, air
24 Nozzle
25 Manometer
26 Vacummeter
27 Freshwater return by high salinity set point
28 Thermometer
29 Follower
30 Brine outlet
2. Start-up & Operation
SONDEX A/S FRESHWATER DISTILLERS
Description:
Instead of / in addition to engine jacket cooling water heating, saturated live steam can
alternatively be used as heating medium for the freshwater distiller.
The saturated live steam is being fed to the heat exchanger of the freshwater distiller
through an injector.
The steam will heat the water/condensate and will be circulated with the circulating pump.
As the heat exchanger of the freshwater distiller is filled up with clean fresh water when
starting the steam heating process, the produced steam condensate from the supplied
saturated live steam will escape from the socket in the vertical safety blow-off pipe. This
condensate will be led back to the boiler feed-water tank or hot well of the boiler through
the condensate outlet placed on the safety blow-off pipe.
The connecting pipes between the heat exchanger and the steam injector are fitted as
shown on the dimension sketch and the pipe diagram.
1. The two valves for the in- and outlet of the engine jacket cooling water must be
closed.
2. Open the emptying valve item 42. When draining is complete, close valve
item 42. However, there will be some water left in the evaporator. It is not possible
to drain this water completely.
4. Turn on the control panel, start the ejector pump item 4 corresponding to the main
instruction.
7. Open the steam valve not Sondex supply, adjust the temperature to 90º item 32.
Do not release this to a lower temperature when the SFD is running.
The steam inlet pressure corresponding to the freshwater production of the SFD 3.5-7-13-
23S unit in question can be regulated either by means of a manually operated regulating
valve or a reduction valve.
The inlet temperature of the circulating steam condensate to the heat exchanger must be
about 80-95°C depending on the evaporation temperature. At low evaporation temperature
(high vacuum), the temperature of the circulation water will automatically be lower.
Warning:
Do not open the steam inlet valve for the steam injector before the ejector pump (item 4)
has been started and serves feed water to the inside of the heat exchanger plates.
The lower temperature of the feed water inside the heat exchanger plates will condense
the steam supplied and avoid incorrect working conditions of the plant.
Stop:
When you stop the plant always control that the steam inlet valve is completely closed.
When changing from live steam to engine jacket cooling water the following steps should
be taken:
1. Shut off the steam supply. Let the unit cool down and then stop the circulation
pump.
2. Close the two valves after the steam injector.
3. Open the two valves for the in- and outlet of engine jacket cooling water.
4. Adjust engine jacket cooling water flow corresponding to the production of fresh
water.
i/aase/konstruktion/fwg gb
Initial start-up of plant
Please follow the instruction point by point as pumps never may run without water!!
Evaporation
5. When min. 90% vacuum (after max. 10 minutes) has been obtained, open the ball
valve for feed water
Condensing
9. Start the freshwater pump, when water can be seen in the small inspection glass,
which is located on the side of the air separator. The pressure must be between 1,2
bar to 1,6 bar. In specific cases up to 2,4 bar.
Operation of plant
If the salinity is too high, the Salinometer will give an alarm and dump the fresh water or
the solenoid valve will open and it will be re-circulated back to feed water intake
depending on the system used.
In order to check that the Freshwater Distiller is working normally and that no fouling is
occurring, the temperature, pressure, and production should be compared with the data
from the specification and adjustment of sea water and jacket water should be made as
described in above points.
Precautions
Always be careful about the sea water quality. Producing fresh water in a polluted sea or
river may result in water, which is unsuitable for human consumption.
Be aware of chemical dosing rate in feed water is not exceeding the specified rate given
by chemical supplier.
Starting-up Report
The enclosed starting-up report indicates the information Sondex needs in case the
performance does not meet the design criteria.
Starting up Report
Nom.
value
Date
Time
Water clock m3
Capacity sek/10l
Capacity m3/24h
Salinity ppm
Pressure FW Bar
Pressure before ejector Bar
Pressure after ejector Bar
o
Shell temp. C
o
Seawater inlet temp. C
o
Seawater outlet temp. C
o
Heat water inlet temp. C
o
Heat water outlet temp. C
Vacuum %
Remarks:
1. SURVEY......................................................3
2. INSTALLATION ..........................................4
3. INSTRUCTION............................................6
3.1. PRINT OUT OF SALT CONTENT ...................7
3.2. SALT CONTENT ALARM .............................7
3.3. CHEMICAL-ALARM ....................................8
3.4. SET- UP MENU .........................................8
3.4.1. Change of limit to solenoide og alarm 9
3.4.2. Change status for solenoide alarm.9
3.4.3. Change status for online transfer . 10
3.4.4. Change status for chemical alarm11
4. TEST OF SALINITY CONTROLLER ........ 11
5. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS............... 12
1. Survey
Measurements:
• Calculates the salt content in ppm.
• Measures chemical level (high/low)
• Hour meter. Registration of working hours.
Settings:
• The limit for activation of solenoide og alarm is adjustable (0-200 ppm)
• Solenoide on or delayed on can be set.
• The delay is adjustable from 1-10 min.
Default is solenoide off in 10 min. by start up of the system.
Diverse:
• Limiting values for activation of alarm, status of on-line transfer og chemical alarm are
saved by interruption of the system
• It is possible to test if the salt-sensor measures correctly.
• 10 bits solubility.
• The updating frequency of the display is ½ sec.
2. Installation
To measure the correct salt content the salt sensor legs must be isolated from contact with
other conducting materials and must be totally covered by the water.The Salt sensor
The sensor is calibrated to the brass block (The T-unit). It is therefore important that it turns
correctly, see below.
Connection diagram:
The salt sensor is divided into 5 parts:
1. ¾” T-unit
2. Adaptor.
3. Salt sensor.
4. Protection shield.
5. Cable screw connection
The salt sensor must be mounted into the T-unit and turn as shown on drawing below.
Otherwise it will influence the measurements. so that it does not measure correctly
Tele Display
Attachment of the tele-display via 4-20mA output, the display is attached to output no. 6 (+) and
7 (frame).
Alarm og solenoide
The alarm is connected to relay input no. 11 (com) and 10 (N/O) or 12 (N/C).
The Solenoide is connected to relay input no. 8 (com) and 9 (N/O).
Level sensor
Is connected to input no. 4 (+) and 5 (frame).
Connect 230V/AC with earth and the Salinity Controller is ready for use.
3. Instruction
The Salinity Controller calculates the salt content in the fresh water and prints it on the display
every ½ sec.
The Salinity Controller controls if the salt content is under the adjusted limit and if the chemical
level is low. If not, the alarm will be activated and error message printed in the display.
When the Salinity Controller is connected to electricity the default values are:
• The alarm limit 10 ppm.
• The solenoide deactivated in 10 min.
• Online transfer is active.
• The chemcical alarm is active.
Buttons:
• Set-up
o Changes between the various menu items.
• + and –
o Single press counts one up/down. When + or – when the button is pressed
down for a while – fast counting.
•
o Change/confirm adjustment.
The light will become activated in the display by pressing one of the buttons.
3.1. Memory of the salt content
Following points must be fulfilled:
• The solenoide is on.
• The salt content has been under the limit for at least 7 sec.
• The chemical level is high if the chemical-alarm is on.
SALINITY: XXXppm
The salt content is printed. The XXXppm is a value from 0 to 200 ppm.
Following point must be fulfilled:
• The salt content has been more than 200 ppm for at least 7 sec.
SALINITY: >200ppm
SALINITY: XXXppm
SOL. OFF XXMIN
ALARM!!!
SALINITY: XXXppm
Either press the ” <┘” button or refill the chemical container in order to stop the chemical alarm.
3.4. Set-up menu
By pressing the ”Set-up” button following will appear on the display:
LIMIT: XXXppm
CHANGE? PRESS
SOLENOID IS XXX
CHANGE? PRESS
ONLINE IS XXX
CHANGE? PRESS
Change status for online-transfer. XXX is either ON eller OFF.
CHEMICAL IS XXX
CHANGE? PRESS
RUNHOUR: XXXXXh
If you do not press any of the buttons for 3 sec. the salinity controller will escape the menu
system.
Display text 0-1 XXX can be adjusted a value between 0 and 200.
2. The limiting value can be changed by ”-” and ”+”.
3. The limiting value is saved in the memory by ” <┘”
4. After pressing ” <┘” the salinity controller escapes the menu system.
If none of the buttons are activated for 3 sec. or when presssing the "set-up" button the salinity
controller will go back to the previous menu point and nothing will be saved.
1. The system prints change of the solenoide status of the alarm on the display.
SOL. XXXXXXXXX
SAVE? PRESS
The X’s are status for the solenoide alarm. Status can either be ”ON ” or
”OFF XX min”. XX is between 1 og 10.
2. Change between ”ON” and number of min. by ”-” and ”+”
3. The change is saved by ” <┘”
4. The system prints chosen change of the alarm status on the display.
SOLENOIDE IS NOW
XXXXXXXXXXXXX
X’er - new status for the alarm solenoide and can be ”ON” or ”OFF for XX
min.”
5. After pressing ” <┘” the Salinity Controlleren escapes the menu system.
If none of the buttons are activated for 3 sec. or when pressing the set-up button, the Salinity
Controlleren will go back to previous menu item and nothing will be saved.
This menu item is available by pressing ” <┘” after 3 presses on the ”Set-up” button.
ONLINE XXX
SAVE? PRESS
The X’es are marked and are status for online-transfer. Status can either
be ”ON” eller ”OFF ”.
2. You can change between ”ON” og ”OFF” by ”-” and ”+”
3. The change is saved by ” <┘”
4. The system prints chosen change of the alarm status on the display.
ONLINE IS NOW:
XXX
X’es are new status for online transfer and can be ”ON” or ”OFF”.
6. After pressing ” <┘” the salinity controlleren escapes the menu system.
If none of the buttons are activated for 3 sec. or when pressing the set-up button, the Salinity
Controlleren will go back to previous menu item and nothing will be saved.
CHEMICAL XXX
SAVE? PRESS
The X’es are marked and are status for chemical-alarm. Status can either
be ”ON ” eller ”OFF ”.
2. Change between ”ON” and ”OFF” by ”-” and ”+”
3. The change is saved by ” <┘”
4. The system prints chosen change by the alarm status on display.
CHEMICAL IS NOW:
XXX
The X’es are new status for chemical-alarm og can be ”ON” or ”OFF”.
If none of the buttons are activated for 3 sec. or when pressing the set-up button, the Salinity
Controller will go back to previous menu item and nothing will be saved.
4. Test of Salinity Controller
1. Jumper 4 and 5 are moved to test position on the print.
2. Salinity is measured to 12 ppm (±1 ppm) and is printed on the display
NOTICE: The program in the Salinity Controller can be set to testmode/calibration by keeping
the SETUP and MINUS button down, while turning on the product. In order to accomplish the
test/calibration, additional equipment must be connected. This is not included. In order to
secure a correct measurement turn off the Salinity Controller, if the program is set to testmode
og the test print is not mounted.
5. Technical specifications
Salinity Controller
Parameter Specifikation
Environment:
Inputs:
Outputs:
Supply:
Input voltage: 230V/AC w/ground 50/60Hz
Sensor
Environment:
If production of fresh water drops, check pressure and temperatures according to the
technical specifications
Insufficient Vacuum
* The ejector inlet and outlet pressure (Look under start-up & operation).
* The filter on the suction side of the ejector pump is clogged up.
* The stuffing box of the ejector/seawater pump leaks so that air is drawn in.
* Overboard valve or nonreturn valve, if any, in the overboard piping are defective.
* A leak may have been generated at the gasket for the cover.
This can be found by watching the vacuum meter by stopping of plant. If necessary with
the following valve closed (If the non-return valves are leaking).
Check the stuffing box on the freshwater pump for leakage, by stopped plant.
Overcooling of Engine Cooling Water to Evaporator
Overcooling of engine cooling water to the evaporator indicates insufficient flow. The
reason for this must be found outside the freshwater distiller, in the cooling system of the
ship.
The flow can be determined by comparing the ejector pump pressure with the pump
curve.
The max. temperature for sea water from the condenser is 38°C.
Separate and clean the sensor of the salinometer so that it is not short-circuited by
coatings between the electrodes.
Check that the solenoid valve for freshwater back to the evaporator is closed at normal
salinity, so that the produced freshwater does not run back the evaporator.
Leakage in the condenser can be found by opening vessel, closing feed valve, overboard
valve, and starting up the ejector pump.
Check that the steam-turning plate above the evaporator and the demister is correctly
placed and that the gasket sealing to main frame is not “cut” or has a leakage, so that no
saltwater drops pass with the steam through to the condenser.
Starting up Report
Nom.
value
Date
Time
Water clock m3
Capacity sek/10l
Capacity m3/24h
Salinity ppm
Pressure FW Bar
Pressure before ejector Bar
Pressure after ejector Bar
o
Shell temp. C
o
Seawater inlet temp. C
o
Seawater outlet temp. C
o
Heat water inlet temp. C
o
Heat water outlet temp. C
Vacuum %
Remarks:
If production of fresh water drops, check pressure and temperatures according to the
technical specifications
Insufficient Vacuum
* The ejector inlet and outlet pressure (Look under start-up & operation).
* The filter on the suction side of the ejector pump is clogged up.
* The stuffing box of the ejector/seawater pump leaks so that air is drawn in.
* Overboard valve or nonreturn valve, if any, in the overboard piping are defective.
* A leak may have been generated at the gasket for the cover.
This can be found by watching the vacuum meter by stopping of plant. If necessary with
the following valve closed (If the non-return valves are leaking).
Check the stuffing box on the freshwater pump for leakage, by stopped plant.
Overcooling of Engine Cooling Water to Evaporator
Overcooling of engine cooling water to the evaporator indicates insufficient flow. The
reason for this must be found outside the freshwater distiller, in the cooling system of the
ship.
The flow can be determined by comparing the ejector pump pressure with the pump
curve.
The max. temperature for sea water from the condenser is 38°C.
Separate and clean the sensor of the salinometer so that it is not short-circuited by
coatings between the electrodes.
Check that the solenoid valve for freshwater back to the evaporator is closed at normal
salinity, so that the produced freshwater does not run back the evaporator.
Leakage in the condenser can be found by opening vessel, closing feed valve, overboard
valve, and starting up the ejector pump.
Check that the steam-turning plate above the evaporator and the demister is correctly
placed and that the gasket sealing to main frame is not “cut” or has a leakage, so that no
saltwater drops pass with the steam through to the condenser.
4. Service & Maintenance
Cleaning of the Plant
Although the working temperature of the Freshwater Distiller is kept at 40-48 oC,
scalings on the plates of the evaporator will gradually occur, causing a reduction of the
capacity of the Freshwater Distiller and cleaning of the plates will be necessary.
The frequency of the cleaning depends very much on the working conditions, but
normally a chemical cleaning 2-3 times a year as well as an opening of the plate pack
once a year or every second year for total cleaning/inspection will be sufficient.
When the plant has been stopped as described under “Stopping the Plant” open the
Freshwater Distiller and inspect condenser, evaporator, demister and the interior of the
Freshwater Distiller and carry out the required cleaning.
Normally it is necessary only to separate the evaporator and clean the plates by means of
the chemicals described under “Chemical cleaning”. The interior of the Freshwater
Distiller should be cleaned at the same time using the same chemicals.
2. Loosen the nuts on the tie bars gradually so that no nut is carrying the entire load
alone.
3. Remove the follower and take out the plates one by one and note their position in
order not to get a “disorganized” plate pack when you have to assemble again.
4. Submerge plates completely in a hot, inhibited acid bath at maximum 50 oC. For fur-
ther information about chemical please see “Chemical cleaning”.
Warning:
* Always follow carefully the supplier instructions when using inhibited acids.
* Remember to neutralize according to supplier instructions.
5. Examine plates and gaskets for possible damage and remove damaged plates and – or
replace damaged gaskets.
6. If a defective plate is found, remove the plate together with the other plates in this
group. The start plate and the end plate in the plate pack cannot be removed without
being replaced by a new plate.
7. When assembling a separated evaporator, it should be checked that the gaskets have
not been damaged – change defective gaskets, if any. Cut gaskets as shown on the
plate diagram. Assemble the plates in due succession according to plate arrangement
drawing and be aware that they are positioned correctly. Clamp the plate pack to the
correct dimension according to the number of plates.
8. Pressure test evaporator plates before closing front cover. This is done by slowly
opening the by-pass valve for hot water into normal position and let the water flow
through.
9. The condenser plates are pressure tested by letting sea water from the combined
cooling water/ejector pump circulate through the section.
10. When the evaporator/condenser plates are found to be tight, close front cover and
tighten the bolts.
New gasket
The gaskets for every second plate are cut out of an ordinary gasket. Therefore please
note the cutting out of the old gaskets before removing them.
Glue Type
Pliobond 25/Scotchgrip 847 are nitrile rubber glues on soluble basis (25% solid
materials). The glues are partly thermoplastic so that old gaskets can be unsticked by
boiling-water heating.
Detergent
For cleaning and degreasing new gaskets and gasket grooves use “Acetone”. Charred or
loose glue and rubber remains must be removed, e.g. by using a rotation stainless steel
brush. It is very important that every detergent is evaporated before putting glue on.
Warning
Gluing
After wiping gaskets and gasket grooves with a cloth moistened with degreasing
substance the gluing itself can begin. The gluing areas must be quite clean – free from
fingerprints etc. The gaskets are covered by a brush with a thin coat of glue on the gluing
area and placed on a clean and dry place in order to dry.
The gluing process is done easiest on a solid table. After the gaskets have been put into
the plate gasket grooves, the plates are stacked.
When the gluing is finished the plates are hung into the unit again and heat exchanger is
clamped together. The heat exchanger can be warmed up by hot water if the glue is to dry
quickly – but without pressure on the water!
Drying time:
Zinc anode
Always check the condition of the zinc anode when the front cover is off, and be sure to
shange it if it´s worn. Sondex recommend change of zinc anode approx. two times a year.
When the plates are removed from the plate pack, then please note the numbers of plates in each
plate pack. Also please note that a plate pack is build up of total 4 different plates + a start and
end plate. A plate stack is build up in the following way. The first plate against the folower of
the fresh water generator is always a type 1 plate with a start gasket. ( This start gasket is made
out of two ordinary gasket, that are cut in half, and then glued together ). The next plate is a type
2 plate, then type 3, type 4, type 1, type 2, type 3.... until the amount of plates in the plate stack
is used up. The last plate in the plate pack has always to be a type 4 with 0 holes. Please see the
enclosed pictures and drawings. Each plate is normal marked with a number which is pressed
into the plates. Fx. the SFD13 plates is marked with the number 013-43214-1, where the last
digit means that this is a type 1 plate. The SFD23 plates is normal marked with the number 123-
43214, where the first digit means that this is a type 1 plate. Please check that the plates are
marked, before removing them from the plate stack, because it is very important, that they are
remounted in the correct way, which will say type 1, type 2 ...etc.
The gaskets for every second plate are cut out of an ordinary gasket. Therefore
please note the cutting out of the old gaskets before removing them.
For cleaning and degreasing new gaskets and gasket grooves use “ACETONE”.
It is very important that every detergent is evaporated before putting glue on.
After wiping gaskets and gasket grooves with a cloth moistened with degreasing
substance the gluing itself can begin. The gluing areas must be quite clean – free from
fingerprints etc. Dispense a small amount of glue into the plate gasket grooves, and
then mount the gasket.
The gluing process is done easiest on a solid table. After the gaskets have been put
into the plate gasket grooves, the plates are stacked until the glue are dry.
When the glue is dry, the plates can be remounted into the fresh water generator.
Remember to start with the type 1 plate with the start gasket, then type 2... etc. as
mentioned above. Clamp the plate stack together, to the correct dimension according
to the amount of plates, when all the plates are back into the correct position.
Each plate have a compression of: SFD3,5 - 3,2mm Special **
SFD7 - 3,2mm
SFD13 - 3,9mm
SFD23 - 3,9mm
SFD45 - 3,9mm
So the measurement of the plate pack. AND ONLY the plate pack is:
the amount of plates*the compression of one plate = clampingmeasurement.
** SFD 3,5 have the same plate but different gasket, open/close.
PLEASE NOTE THAT THE DATA OF BELOW MENTIONED SPECIFIC FRESH
WATER GENERATOR IS ONLY WRITTEN AS A HELP TO YOU, AND CAN
UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCE BE USED AS A GARANTEE CASE AGAINST
SONDEX A/S, SO THEREFORE ALWAYS PLEASE CHECK THIS DATA WITH
THE RELEVANT FRESH WATER GENERATOR ONBORD THE SHIP AND
USE THE FORMULA FOR THE COMPRESSION WHICH IS WRITTEN ABOVE
THIS TEXT.
Prevention of scaling
During the seawater evaporation there is always a risk of scaling on the heating
surfaces. This results in reduced K-values of the heating surface and decreased
freshwater production as well an overall reduction of the plant efficiency.
In order to prevent scaling the operators must be aware of the factors influencing the
scale formation.
The feed water ratio is an extremely important factor. It is defined by the relationship
between the feed water amount fed into the plant and the produced freshwater amount.
If the feed water ratio is reduced, the concentration will rise in the plant subsequently,
resulting in scale formations.
Chemical dosage
In order to control scale formation on the heating surfaces and continuously ensure long
operation periods without acid cleaning the plant, it is absolutely necessary to dose scale
control additives to the feed water. The operators must follow the instructions for
chemical dosing given by the chemical supplier carefully.
If the distiller operated at boiling temperatures above 45o C without chemicals, frequent
cleaning of the evaporator is necessary.
Warning
We recommend that you do not operate the Freshwater Distiller without recommended
chemical dosage at boiling temperatures above 45o C.
When adding chemicals mix throughly to ensure a homogenous blend of chemicals and
water.
Use a fully soluble scale inhibitor, e.g. on polymer basis. The following product can be
recommended:
1. Mix the required quantity for 24 hours operation in the tank according to the
suppliers instructions.
2. Adjust flowmeter to cover the maximum fresh water output from the distiller.
1. Use eye protection and gloves. Avoid direct skin contact, eye contact and contact
with clothes.
3. If chemicals are spilled on clothes, rinse with water and dispose off clothes.
4. If chemicals are spilled on the floor, rinse with water and suck remaining chemicals
off with sand. Clean spot immediately afterwards.
5. Scale inhibitor is hazardous, if consumed in a concentrated solution. If consumed by
mistake.
Immediately seek medical attention.
6. If eyes get in contact with the chemicals, rinse for at least 20 minutes with water.
Immediately seek medical attention.
6. Spare Parts
SPARE PART LISTS FOR SFD 400600010000
11 5
FLEX HOSE TO
FRESH WATER PUMP. 2
INLET.
1 4
1 2
570
1/2 RG
35
3
45
90
290 390
Before dismantling the pump, disconnect the electricity supply to the motor. Then
remove the suction and discharge pipes.
The dismantling and assembly of electric parts should be carried out in accordance with
local regulations.
Position numbers, see ”Drawing for dismantling and assembly” and ”Service tools”.
Dismantling of pump
Remove the staybolts (hexagon socket head screws), pos. 26, and the suction chamber,
pos. 6. If the suction chamber sticks, loosen it with a light blow on the edge. Remove
the fan (see ”Dismantling of stator with housing”) and hold the shaft when the nut, pos.
67, is slackened (left-hand thread). Remove the nut, the clamp (washer), pos. 66, the
impeller, pos. 49, the chamber, pos. 4, and the spacing pipe, pos. 64.
In the case of CH 4-60, continue the dismantling in the following order: Nut, pos. 67,
clamp, pos. 66, impeller, pos. 49, chamber with bearing, pos. 4a, bearing ring, pos. 47a,
and spacer, pos. 64a.
If the chamber sticks, loosen it by inserting a screwdriver between the chambers and
turning it. Take care not to deform the chamber.
Then remove the parts in the following order up to the shaft seal, pos. 105: Impeller,
chamber and spacing pipe.
The stationary shaft seal part should only be removed if the shaft seal leaks.
If the shaft seal leaks, push the stop ring, pos. 62, free of the recess and pull it off the
shaft. The stop ring cannot be reused.
Slacken and remove the screws, pos. 28. Take care not to remove the shaft with rotor
together with the pump head when this is removed from the motor.
Note: The bearing cover plate, pos. 155, and the diverting disc, pos. 79, may stick to the
pump head. If this is the case, remove the stationary shaft seal part from the motor side.
If the neck rings are worn, they must be replaced. Push the retainer, pos. 65, free of the
chamber/suction chamber by means of a special puller, see ”Service tools”. Remove the
neck ring.
Slacken and remove the screws, pos. 152, together with the fan cover, pos. 151.
Remove the fan, pos. 156, from the shaft by means of two screwdrivers.
Loosen the stator with housing with a light blow of a rubber mallet and pull it off the
pump.
If the ball bearings or the shaft with rotor is defective, the pump must be dismantled.
Assembly
Before assembly, clean and check all parts and replace possible defective parts. The
following parts should always be replaced when the pump is overhauled: Nut for shaft,
gaskets and all O-rings.
Position the neck ring on the retainer in the chamber/suction chamber. Then press the
retainer, pos. 65, over the neck ring so that it engages with the chamber/suction
chamber.
It must be possible to move the neck ring freely (sideways) between the retainer and the
chamber/suction chamber.
The seal rings must be intact, and the seal faces must be smooth and clean. Do not
expose the seal rings to blows or knocks.
Moisten the recess of the pump head and the O-ring for the stationary shaft seal part
with water. Press the stationary seal ring with O-ring home in the recess of the pump
head. The O-ring must point towards the pump head.
Fit the ball bearings, pos. 153 and 154, to the shaft. For type and position, see ”Parts
list” and ”Sectional drawing”.
Assembly of pump
Fit the bearing cover plate, pos. 155, to the shaft so that it touches the outer ring of the
ball bearing. The curved side of the bearing cover plate must point away from the ball
bearing, see ”Drawing for dismantling and assembly”. Fit the diverting disc, pos. 79, to
the pump shaft and push it until it touches the motor shaft.
Fit the pump head, pos. 2, with the stationary shaft seal part and press it home on the
recess of the stator housing. It is not possible to press home the pump head, check
whether the corrugated spring, pos. 158, is positioned correctly, see fig. 1.
Make sure that the discharge port of the pump head and the terminal box on the motor
point in the same direction as before dismantiling.
Lubricate the screws, pos. 28, with thread paste THREAD-EZE (part number, see
”Torques”). Fit the screws and tighten diagonally.
Fit a new stop ring, pos. 62, to the shaft so that it engages with the recess of the shaft.
Fit the rotation shaft seal part. Do not expose the seal rings, pos. 105, to blows or
knocks. Moisten the rubber parts with water.
Check that the ends of the spring engage with the ground groove in the seal ring and the
driving dog of the spacer.
Continue the assembly in the order mentioned until the last impeller has been fitted:
Gasket, pos. 37, impeller, pos. 49, chamber, pos. 4, and spacing pipe, pos. 64.
In the case of CH 4-60, continue the assembly up to the last impeller but one.
Then fit the spacer, pos. 64a, the chamber with bearing, pos. 4a, the bearing ring, pos.
47 a, and the impeller, pos. 49.
Make sure that the last impeller engages with the spline shaft.
Lubricate the threaded shaft end before the clamp (washer), pos. 66, and the nut, pos.
67, are fitted.
Do not forget the gasket, pos. 37, between the suction chamber and the chamber. Fit the
suction chamber, pos 6, with the priming plug, pos. 21, in the same direction as the
discharge port of the pump head.
Lubricate the staybolts (hexagon socket head screws), pos. 26, with thread paste
THREAD-EZE before they are fitted and tightened diagonally.
In order not to damage the ball bearings, the pump shaft should be supported through
the port of the suction chamber when the fan, pos. 156, is driven home against the rotor
shaft.
Fit the fan cover, pos. 151, to the motor and fit and tighten the screws, pos. 152.
Bearing Kit
Service Kit
Your ref.:
Purpose :
Order No. :
Project :
SONDEX Ref.:
Pump No. :
Order No. :
Pump Type :
Important! Read this manual before mounting and starting the pump
Page 1
Index
Technical data 3
Operating Instructions for Centrifugal pumps 4
Product description 4
Capacities & applications 4
Construction & function 4
Risks & leakages 5
Demands for the mounting setup 5
Environmental conditions 5
Space requirements 5
Foundation 5
Electrical installations 5
Leakages 5
Transport and installation 6
Condition at delivery 6
Transport and storage 6
Mounting on base 6
Installation of pump 6
Electricity 7
Pipe installation 7
Installation of pipelines 7
Recommended accessories 7
Safety arrangements 7
Disassembling and Transport 8
Running instructions for centrifugal pump 8
Prevention of accidents 8
Start up 8
During start up 9
Stand-by Pump 9
Maintenance 9
Lubrication 9
Disassembly and assembly instructions 10
Repairs 10
Disassembling and opening the pump 10
Assembling the pump 10
Assembling the pump 11
Fitting instructions for mechanical Seal 12
Centrifugal pump wear ring clearance 13
Instruction drawing for pump 14
Spare part list for ejector pump 15
Interruption of operations 16
Fault Location 16
Fault Location 17
Fault Location 18
Page 2
Technical data
Pump:
Type :
Pcs :
Capacity : m3/h
Head :
Total head : m.w.c.
Suction head :
Mechanical seal :
Gland :
Coupling size :
Weight / kg :
Material:
Pump casing :
Impeller : Ni.A1.Bronce
Casing wear ring : Ni.A1.Bronce
Shaft : : AISE - 329
Motor:
Type :
KW :
Power consumption / kW :
RpM :
Voltage :
Weight / kg :
Page 3
Operating Instructions for Centrifugal Pumps
Product Description
The type, pump no. and the order no. appear from the front page.
Pump no. can also be found stamped into the suction flange and the nameplate.
SONDEX A/S does not render any guarantee if the type of liquid or other important working
conditions have been insufficiently specified or omitted. If the working conditions differ from those
given in the technical data contact us before putting the pump into operation.
It consists of an impeller furnished with blades that are normally curved backwards in relation to its
direction of rotation. The impeller is situated in a spiral pump case (snail shell). The pump case is
equipped with a suction flange and a pressure flange.
Before the pump is started the pump case and the suction line must be filled with water (or other
liquid which is to be pumped).
When the impeller starts rotating the blades cause the liquid to rotate in relation to the pump case.
Centrifugal force will sling the liquid out of the impeller and into the spiral of the pump case. This
causes a vacuum in the centre of the impeller exactly where the entrance is situated.
As atmospheric pressure influences the surface of the water in the well (or in the tank from which
one wishes to pump from) the created vacuum (differential pressure) effects the fluid in the suction
line and presses it into the centre of the impeller.
When the water is slung out of the impeller and into the spiral of the pump case the velocity energy
which is created is changed to pressure energy.
The pressure effects the amount of water in the pressure line and starts this moving and hereby
creates a continual flow (regular flow) from the suction line through the pump to the pressure line.
Page 4
Risks & leakages
SONDEX A/S Products comply with the regulations for work safety and accident precautions.
If the workers are exposed to danger due to the media used having for example too high
temperatures, they must ensure that the necessary protection precautions are made.
Environmental conditions
Standard pumps are intended for installing in dry rooms free from aggressive atmosphere and
having a temperature between + 10 and 40 deg. C. Mounting under other conditions (e.g. outdoors,
in damp rooms etc.) is only allowed if it stated in the technical data sheet and is therefore suitable
for these conditions.
Space requirements
The space required for the pump and the positions of the foundation holes are given in the
dimension print.
Foundation
The foundation with its mass must counteract vibrations, take up small outside stresses such as
hydraulic strain and “fitting in” forces from the pipelines.
Electrical installations
Kilowatt ratings are given in the technical data. If the mechanical shaft seals need external cooling /
lubricating the necessary amount of coolant is given under the instruction for the mechanical shaft
seal.
Leakages
Leaking can arise from the mechanical shaft seals so it is recommended to fit a drainpipe to them.
Page 5
Transport and installation
Condition at delivery
SONDEX A/S products are tested before delivery to ensure perfect running condition. A test run is
made of the pump using water to check the performance data stated in the technical specifications
and shown in the flow range chart.
The standard packing protects the pump against corrosion by land transport and storage in dry
conditions for at least 3 months.
The storage for longer periods of time will require special precautions to be taken.
Carriage by sea packing protects the pump by land transport and sea conveyance and by dry storage
(in roofed or in closed store rooms) for a least 3 years. On arrival at destination the packing must be
examined to make sure that its condition is sufficiently sound to protect the contents during storage.
* It is seriously damaged
In all other cases the packing must be opened only at erection. At removal of packing, the product
must be examined for any omissions or defects.
Mounting on base
If the pump and motor are delivered separately, they must be assembled, see instructions for fitting
the coupling/shaft. After being assembled the unit can be mounted directly on to a suitable foun-
dation.
Installation of pump
The piping system must be subjected to pressure testing, examined for leakages and rinsed before it
is connected to the suction and discharge sides of the pump.
If pressure testing is done after installation of pump the pressure applied is limited by the testing
pressure tolerated by the pump (see stamp is pump, usually to be found in suction flange), as the
pump seals or the mechanical shaft might otherwise be damaged.
Page 6
The piping system must be connected to the pump without using force so as not to destabilize the
pump alignment.
Measures must be taken to support pipe connections to the pump so as to prevent excessive stresses
from being imparted to the pump due to factors such as thermal expansion.
Check that all other pump connections are in perfect working condition including e.g. lubrication
suction, heating, cooling medium outlet, etc. and also make sure that the measuring equipment has
been appropriately adapted.
Pay attention that no parts prevent easy pump inspection or replacement of key parts.
Electricity
Electric motors must be connected in accordance with the local regulations and with enough cable
to allow the motor to be removed without disconnecting the wires, an electrical switch (emergency
stop) must be installed near to the pump.
Pipe installation
Points to be considered:
Loss of pressure in the suction line must be kept at a minimum in order to avoid cavitation in the
pump.
Static suction height + loss of pressure in the suction line + NPSH value for the pump + steam
pressure must not exceed 10 m.w.c. at sea level.
Installation of pipelines
Suction and pressure lines must be connected to the flanges of the pump free from strain, as
eventual stresses are taken up at fixed points and therefore suitable compensators should be
installed in the pipe system. The flanges in between which the pump is installed must be absolutely
parallel.
Recommended accessories
As the pump, especially the mechanical shaft sealing, is designed to run with clean water without
sludge a suitable filter must be installed in the suction line.
Safety arrangements
If the pump should run with closed valves for a longer period of time, it should be furnished either
with temperature control equipment or recirculation, otherwise it will run hot.
Page 7
Disassembling and Transport
Before sending the pump for repair, please note the following:
The sender is liable for damage inflicted to the pump or other goods caused by media remains
leaking.
Prevention of accidents
Ensure that the pump and motor are mounted according to instructions, all connections are right and
the necessary screens and guards are in order.
If the workers should be exposed to danger e.g. the media having high temperatures, the user must
take the necessary precautions such as periodic examination for leakages from all packings.
Start up
Before starting:
* Carefully fill the pump with water and let the air escape
* Make sure that the water does not come too quickly as this can cause pressure thrust which
can destroy the mechanical shaft seal
* Start the motor for a short period and check the direction of rotation –
Remember that the pump must be filled with water, so as not to destroy the mechanical shaft
seals
Page 8
During start up
Normally the pump is started with discharge valve closed and filled with water.
After starting, the discharge valve is slowly opened until the working point is reached.
At the normal head of the pump and after running for about a minute it should have a very steady
motion without unusual noise and vibrations.
Stand-by Pump
If the pump is not used frequently it must be started or rotated at least once a week to avoid
damaging the mech. shaft seals.
Maintenance
Pumps with mechanical shaft seals must not leak either during standstill with inlet pressure on the
pump or when running.
Circulation pipe to the mechanical shaft seal must be intact and not blocked.
If any of these points are lacking, they must immediately be put right, otherwise any defects can
have great importance to the function of the pump and its lifetime.
Normal clearance between the impeller and sealing ring is 0,45-0,50 mm.
Lubrication
The motor bearings are greased in accordance with the motor instruction.
Page 9
Disassembly and assembly instructions
Repairs
If you undertake repairs yourselves, you are requested to follow these instructions or contact our
service department. When ordering spare parts state the following:
* Pos. No., name and description (see instruction drawing / parts list)
* Unscrew bolts connecting pump casing and cover. Lift the dismantled part of the pump
comprising motor, motor stool and pump cover
* The impeller will follow the removed part enabling direct access
* It is recommended to dismantle gently in order to prevent any damages on the mechanical seal
* Do not remove the pump shaft from the motor shaft unless the pump shaft or the motor has to
be replaced
Before reassembling clean the inside of the pump casing and paint with e.g. Apexior No.3 or treat
with a more resisting product (e.g. Hempadur No.15/3 “Hempel Marine Paints”).
In order to make a dismantling of the pump easier at a later stage and to avoid any pick-ups, it is
recommended to lubricate all bolts and assembling surfaces with “Never Seez” lubricant.
Page 10
* Assemble motor and pump shaft
* Pump cover pos. 161, with the seat ring of the mech. seal, has to be fitted gently on the shaft
and tightened to the motor stool pos. 341.2 by screws. The o-ring has to be fitted to the cover
* The rotating part of the mech. seal is placed carefully on the shaft
* The casing wear ring and the impeller have to be fitted and tightened by screws
* The rotating assembly can be fitted to the pump casing and tightened by screws
* Before any up-start the shaft has to be turned by hand in order to check for any blockages. The
pump has to be primed in order to prevent any dry running
Page 11
Fitting instructions for mechanical Seal
Page 12
Centrifugal pump wear ring clearance
Page 13
Instruction drawing for pump
Page 14
Spare part list for Ejector Pump
Item no. see drawing 19904
Page 15
Interruption of operations
Fault Location
The list below shows possible trouble sources if the pump does not function correctly.
If you are unable to find the source of interruption or if you cannot repair the fault, please contact
our service section.
Motor running but no pumping effect Motor rotation is not transmitted through
coupling
Discharge valve closed
Non-return valve or other valves are closed
Suction line closed
Air in pump casing
Suction line leaking
Shaft seal leaking
Bottom valve defective
Suction lift too high
Priming pump defective
Page 16
Faults Possible causes
Page 17
Faults Possible causes
Page 18
7. Rehardening Filter
Table of contents
2. Drawings
* Dimension sketch
* Technical data sheet
* Flow diagram
* Top end of the filter
* Spare parts list
Description and operation manual
Description
The filter is designed for increasing the hardness and the pH value of the fresh water
produced by a freshwater Distiller.
The filter body and cover is made of certified stainless steel material, DIN 1.4301 –
AISI 304.
The filter is provided with top cover for refilling, vent valve, safety valve, and necessary
valves and pipes for correct operation.
Installation
Filling
Remove the top cover and charge the filter with the amount of granulated dolomit
(CaCO3 and MgCO3) size 2-8 mm as stated in the technical data sheet.
Fill up to about 50 mm or 2” below the inlet pipe connection on the top end of the filter.
Starting up
Open the vent cock (S) on the top cover and fill up the filter with water from the upper
connection as the water flow has to reach from top bottom.
Open the emptying valve (P) so much that the filter is still full of water in order to rinse
the filter mass, and leave the valve open for an hour or as long as it takes for the water
to be clear.
Close the emptying valve (P) and bring 3-way valve ® in correct position. After that
the filter is ready for service.
In service
When re-charging the filter, make sure that the strainer in the bottom outlet is in good
order. Once a week the filter should be back- flushed or any time when the pressure drop
through the filter is too high for the freshwater pump.
If the filter mass shows signs of pollution, then cleaning can be effected by charging the
filter with a heavily diluted hydrochline acid by a subsequent careful rinsing process.
The lifetime of filter mass (dolomit) is approx. 1500 service hours.
Drawings
Dimension sketch
Rehardening filter
* The design pressure is (according to opening pressure of safety valve) up to 3.5 bar
Type SFD Tons/ SFD Tons/ SFD Tons/ SFD Tons/ SFD Tons/ SFD Tons/ SFD Tons/
3,5 day 7 day 13 day 23 day 35 day 45 day 245 day
0.3N x 2 x 6 x 10
3 8 15
5 10
12
0.75N x 20 x 30
25 35
1.5N x 40
45
50
60 x 60 x 60
2.5N 70 70
80 80
100 100
120
Flow diagram
No. Part no./ Part no./ Part no./ Part no./ Description Quantity
Type no. 0.3N Type no. 0.75N Type no. 1.5N Type no. 2.5N
1 Body 1
2 Cover 1
3 Tube 1
4 Tube 2
5 Safety valve 1
6 T-piece 1
7 Venting valve 1
8 3-way-valve 2
9 Union 1
10 Emptying valve 1
11 Gasket 1
12 Screw 16
13 Nut 16
14 Strainer 32
15 Dolomite filling according 1
to filter type – 50-250 kg
16 Hexagon nipple 1
8. Steam unit
9. Technical Specifications
10. Control Panel
11. After sales
Information required
When you contact one of our agents it is important that you give up the serial no. of the
SONDEX freshwater distiller.
Please give up the position number and the name of the part which you need.
Normally delivery of parts can take place within a few days from the head office in
Denmark.
After Sales network
Phone Fax E-mail
Argentina TECNAR Srl. 0054 342 460 0010 0054 3424600010 compras@tecnarsrl.com.ar
General PAZ 6947
3000 Santa Fe
Argentina
Contact person:
Ernesto Suarez
Bulgaria Sondex Romania SRL 0040 364 402270 0040 364 402272 Csaba.Grieb@Sondex.ro
50, Fagului Str.
400483 Cluj Napoca
Rumania
Contact person:
Csaba Grieb
Contact Person:
Lars B. Nielsen
Contact Person:
DR.ENG.M.RAOOF
After Sales network
Phone Fax E-mail
Finland Tapiro OY AB 0035 89755981 0035 8975598729 annamaija.laurila@tapiro.fi
Pikkupurontie 11
P.O.Box 207
00811 Helsinki
Finland
Contact Person:
Anna-Maija Laurila
France Sondex France 0033 478 869203 0033 478 519842 Philippe.monmousseau@sondex.fr
12 Avenue de Saules
69600 Oullins
France
Contact Person:
Philippe Monmousseau
Malaysia Scanpro Pacific Pte. Ltd 0065 62271203 0065 62279673 scanpro@scanpro-pacific.com
40 Toh Guan Road East
#01-61 Enterprise Hub
Singapore 608582
Contact Person:
Ken Teagle
Rumania Sondex Romania SRL 0040 364 402270 0040 364 402272 rovena.pascu@ro.pwcglobal.com
50, Fagului Str..
400483 Cluj Napoca
Romania
Contact Person:
Csaba Grieb
After Sales network
Phone Fax E-mail
Singapore Scanpro Pacific Pte. Ltd 0065 62271203 0065 62279673 scanpro@scanpropacific.com
40 Toh Guan Road East
#01-61 Enterprise Hub
Singapore 608582
Contact Person:
Ken Teagle
Taiwan Sondex Heat Exchangers 0086 574 8630 7910 0086 574
CO. LTD 8630 7914
NO. 177 Jinchuan Road
Nordic Industrial Park
Zhenhai Economic
Development Zone
Ningbo, China PRC
Contact Person:
Thailand Gun Engineering & 0066 2158 3125 0066 2158 3128 yuppadee@ges.co.th
Service Co. Ltd.
80/6 Moo 1 T. Banglen
A. Bangyai
Nonthaburi 11140
Thailand
Contact Person
Ms. Yuppadee Pummala
United
Arabian
Emirates
(U.A.E) Gulf Sondex FZCO 0097 14886 1027 0097 14886 1028 pramod@Gulfsondex.ae
P.O. Box 18359
Jebel Ali Free Zone
Dubai, U.A.E.
Contact Person:
Mr. Pramod Padmanabhan
Russia Baltmoreservice Ltd 007 812 3705162 007 812 3708257 info@baltmoreservice.ru
Krasnoputilovskaya Street
Building 56/2, off. 1
196247
St. Petersburg
Russia
Contact Person:
Alexander Yatsevich