TAYABAS WESTERN ACADEMY

Founded 1928
Candelaria, Quezon

Self-Learning Module

Name of Rochelle L. Revadenera Instructor Jessie V. Vasquez

Student:
Department College of Education Course/Year BEED-III
Module No. 3 Units 3
Duration Week3 Days(Time) TTHS (5:30-6:30)

Date Submitted Subject Code EDUC 9

Description Foundation of Education and Inclusive Special Education
Topic Meaning of Special Education and Categories of Children With Special Needs

Guidelines/Directions:
1. This self- learning module will be uploaded on the created Facebook group every
Monday of the week until 8:30 in the evening. This can also be distributed through
your thumb drive. Printed learning materials will also be given to the students who
would like to have.
2. Links/videos mentioned in this module are all downloaded and can be found on your
thumb drive.
3. For those who have their Facebook account and reliable internet connection,
send/upload your accomplished activities on the Facebook group created by your
instructor.
4. For those who can’t submit their work on the Facebook group, do all the written
activities in 1 whole sheet of yellow paper while the video presentations will be
submitted using your thumb drive.
5. Submission will be every Saturday of the week or as agreed in our GC.
6. For inquiries or clarifications, message me at 09178553051.

Introduction
Exceptional children and youth like all other pupils in regular classes are individuals with
their unique traits and characteristics. Some of them learns slower that the other average pupils,
like those with mental retardation. Meanwhile, those who are gifted and talented learn very fast
and show creativity in their work. There are exceptional children who have learning disabilities,
so that, although their mental ability is average or even above average, they do not learn as much
as they can. The Department of Education Special Education Division of the Bureau of
Elementary Education manages and supervises the special education programs all over the
country. Special education enables exceptional children to study in regular schools or in special
schools. The special education teacher helps them participate in school activities through a
modified or functional curriculum.

Learning Targets
At the end of this week, the students are expected to:
1. define special education and explain the meaning of individually planned,
Systematically implemented, and carefully evaluated instruction for children with

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 Special needs;
2. explain how special education enables exceptional children to benefit from the basic
Education program of the Department of Education;
3. cite the difference between special education as essentially instruction and as
purposeful intervention;
4. define the terms exceptional children and youth and children with special needs (CSN);
5. distinguish the following basic terms in special education from each other:
developmental disability, impairment or disability, handicap and at risk;
6. define, com[pare, and contrast the nine categories of CSN from each other; and
7. develop positive attitude towards exceptional children and youth.

Engage
Activity 1: (What do you think?)

WHAT IS SPECIAL EDUCATION?

● Current literature define special education as individually planned, systematically
implemented, and carefully evaluated instruction to help exceptional children achieve the
greatest possible personal self-sufficiency and success in presenty and future
environments.

Explore
Activity 2:

Analyze and explain

the image above
using 5 or more
sentences.
● Every person
that has a special
needs, needs to
give

attention. All people that have a special need, need someone who can take care of them
and to give them medical assistance to take care of their health. They need someone to
watch their behavior to be a better person. Also, they need someone to always check to
know if they are mentally healthy. They need someone to teach them, to have more
knowledge and to help them learn. It is important because they always need someone to
assist them for self-development.

Explain
Read the discussion on book on pages (37-51).

Activity 3:
For further information watch and understand the video about Meaning of Special
Education and Categories of Children with Special Needs. You can watch it using these
links:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P1u5X_42XTA

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 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4LY4m_ynAxY

Extend/Elaborate
Activity 4:
Read and understand the following questions. Make sure to elaborate your answers on each
question.

1. Who are exceptional children or children and youth with special needs?
● Those with mental retardation, giftedness and talent, learning disabilities, emotional and
behavioral disorders, communication disorder, deafness, blindness and low vision,
physical disabilities, health impairments, and severe disabilities are the exceptional
children and youth with special needs.

2. What are the categories of exceptionalities among children and youth with special needs?
● Mental Retardation
● Giftedness and Talent
● Specific Learning Disabilities
● Emotional and Behavioral Disorder
● Communication Disorder
● Hearing Impairment
● Visual Impairment
● Physical Impairments
● Severe Disabilities

3. Is it correct to use disability category labels?

● Sometimes, it is not correct to use disability category labels because sometimes, it can
hurt the feeling of somebody else but sometimes, it is useful to know what are their
needs.

Evaluate
Activity 5:
Read and Respond

Test how much you have learned from this chapter by answering the following questions.

1. Define and explain the following terms: exceptional children, special education, disability or
impairment, handicap, and at risk.
● Exceptional Children referred to as children with special needs.
● Special Education is a form of learning provided to students with exceptional needs.
● Disability Impairments refers to reduced or loss of a specific part of the body or organ.
● Handicap refers to a problem a person with disability or impairment encounters when
interacting with people, events and the physical aspects of the environments.
● At Risk refers to children who have greater chances than other children to develop a
disability.

2. In what ways is special education:

● A legislatively governed enterprise?
Special education is a legislatively governed enterprises when Article IV, Section 1 and
Section 5, article XIII, Section 11 of the 1987 Philippine Constitution guarantee that the

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 state shall protect and promote the right of all citizens to quality education at all levels
and shall take appropriate steps to make such education available to all.
● A part of basic education?
Special education is a part of the Department of Education's basic education program.
With its modest historical beginning in 1907, special education is now a major part of
the basic education program in elementary and secondary school.
● The process of teaching children and youth with special education needs?
Special education is defined in terms of the who, what, how, and where of its
implementation.
● An intervention process?
Special education is an intervention process because it eliminate and/or overcomes the
obstacles that keep an individual with disability from learning , from full and active
participation in school activities and from engaging in social and leisure activities.

3. Fill in the following matrix with the definition, learning and behavior characteristics of the
categories of CSN.

CATEGORY OF CSN DEFINITION, TYPES, CHARACTERISTICS

1. Mental Retardation Substantial limitations in present functioning.

2. Giftedness and Talent
3. Specific Learning Disabilities
4. Emotional and Behavioral Disorder
Manifests before age 18.
Characterized by significantly sub-average
intellectual functioning.
High performance in intellectual, creative or
artistic areas unusual leadership capacity, and
excellence in specific academic field.
It shows in superior memory, observational
powers, curiosity, and ability to learn.
A disorder is one or more of the basic
psychological process involved in
understanding or in using language, spoken or
written, which may manifest itself in an
imperfect ability to listen, think, speak, read,
write, spell, or to do mathematical calculations.
A condition exhibiting one or more of the
following characteristics over a long period of
time and to a marked degree.

5. Communication Disorder Exist when the impact that a communication

pattern has on a person's life meets any one of
the following criteria;(a) the transmission
and/or perception of message is faulty;(b) the
person is placed at an economic disadvantage;
(c) the person is placed at a learning
disadvantage;(d) there is negative impact on
the person's emotional growth;(e) the problem

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6. Hearing Impairment
7. Visual Impairment
8. Physical Impairment
9. Severe Disabilities
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causes physical damage or endangers the
health of the person.
A generic term includes hearing disabilities
ranging from mild to profound, thus
encompassing children who are deaf and those
who are hard of hearing.
Display a wide range of visual disabilities from
total blindness to relatively good residual
vision.
May be orthopedic impairments that involves
the skeletal system.
Generally encompasses individuals with severe
and profound disabilities in intellectual,
physical and social functioning.