SDO MALABON CITY

4
Science
Quarter 1 – MATTER
Module 2:
Describe Changes in Solid Materials
When Bent, Pressed, Hammered or Cut
Science – Grade 4
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1: Matter
Module 2: Describe Changes in Solid Materials When Bent, Pressed, Hammered or Cut
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the
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Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in
this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek
permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent
nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the DepEd Malabon City

Dr. Mauro C. De Gulan, SDS
Dr.Cynthia D. Ayles, ASDS

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Merbelyn R. Maligat,
Liz A. Sapno
Richelle T. Tuboro
Editors: Content: Marilou G. Duque
Anacoreta R. Trogo
Layout: Ma. Abegail A. Mendevil
Language:Ma. Abegail A. Trogo
Reviewers: Ancoreta R. Trogo,
Marilou A. Ignacio
Management Team:
Josefina M. Pablo, CID Chief
Manolo C. Davantes, EPS Science
Dalisay E. Esguerra, EPS, LRMS
Ana Lisa M. Mesina, PDO II LRMS

Department of Education – SDO MALABON

Maya-maya St. Longos, Malabon
Printed in the Philippines
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master the
What in
Changes I Need
the Material that are Useful or Harmful to one’s Environment. The scope of this
module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes
to diverse
the Knowvocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard
sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond
with the textbook you are now using.
The module focuses on achieving this learning competency:
Describe changes in solid materials when they are bent, pressed, hammered or cut.
(S4MT-le-f5)
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. Identify and describe ways of changing solid materials in terms of size, shape, texture, etc.
2. Describe what happens to solid materials when bent.
3. Describe what happens to solid materials when pressed.
4. Differentiate changes in materials when bent or pressed
5. Describe what happens to solid materials when hammered
6. Describe what happens to solid materials when cut
7. Demonstrate how materials may undergo change by bending pressing, hammering and
cutting.

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Ana played “tumbang preso” with her friends using a tin can, after hitting the can several
times it became crumple. What change takes place to the can?
A. Change in color and size
B. Change in size and shape
C. Change in color and shape
D. Change in texture, shape and color
2. Which best describes what happens to the dough when it is pressed?
A. The dough changed its size and color.
B. The dough changed its size and shape.
C. The dough changed its volume and odor.
D. The dough changed its volume and color
3. Study the pictures below. Describe what happened to the metal spoon when bent.
A. There is a change in texture of the spoon
B. There is a change in the odor of the spoon
C. There is a change in the color of the spoon q=bent+spoon&tbm=isch&chips=q:bent+spoon,g_1
:transparent:6Zrf0rOK1vY

D. There is a change in the shape of the spoon %3D&hl=en&ved=2ahUKEwjd94P4uN_pAhWEBa

YKHahMCzAQ4lYoAHoECAEQFA&biw=1226&b
ih=597#imgrc=6BVCaXLCGrfDCM

Before After

4. How are you going to change the shape and size of a paper?
A. by cutting C. by bending
 B. by pressing D. by hammering

5. Study the picture below. What happened to the stone when hammered?
A. There is a change in color
B. There is a change in odor
C. There is a change in size and shape
D. Nothing happens

Module Describe Changes in Solid

2 Materials When They are Bent,
Pressed, Hammered or Cut.
Matter is anything that has mass and volume. All materials on Earth are in three states. Solid is
one of them. Solids are usually hard, because their particles are very close with each other and
are bonded by a very strong intermolecular force. This force gives solid its definite shape and
volume.
Here are some key questions for you to ponder after finishing this module:
1. What changes occurs in solids when they are bent, pressed, hammered or cut?
2. What difference would happen to solids when they are bent or pressed, hammered or
cut?
3. How the materials’ shape and volume changes as solid undergoes bending, pressing,
hammering or cutting?

What’s In

In the previous lesson, some materials tend to float or sink when placed in water.
To check whether you fully understand the lesson, answer the activity below.
DIRECTIONS
 Given the list of materials in column1, examine each material and tell
what are they made of, write you observations in column 2
 Predict whether the materials will FLOAT or SINK in water then write your
answer in column 3.
 Place the materials / objects in water. Tell whether they sink or floats in
water. Write your answers in column 4
 Answer the essential questions below.
\

Observation
MATERIALS / Prediction When placed in water
(What is the object
OBJECTS (SINK / FLOAT) (SINK / FLOAT)
made of?)
1. stone
2. plastic spoon
3. coin
4. cotton balls
5. rubber band
 ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS:
1. How many of your predictions are correct? ___________________________________________________
2. Look at the materials that sank. What characteristics are common to all of them?
________________________________________________________________________________________________
3. What do you think is the reason why some materials sink and others float in water?
_________________________________________________________________________________________________

What’s New

Read the comic strip below. It’s their field trip and they are about to learn how to create their
own souvenir by using a shapeless clay and turning it into a beautiful piece of art. Do you share
the same dilemma as the child in the story?
 What is it?

Source:
 Science 4 Learner Material pages. 30 to 37
Change is happening all around us all the time. Matter is a term we use to any type of material,
anything that has mass and takes up space. So, we can say that everything around us is made
up of matter.
Matter are classifying into Solid, Liquid and Gas. For this lesson let’s focus more on the solid
state of matter and describe the changes that materials undergo when they are bent, pressed,
hammered or cut.
Solid
 One of the main states of matter
 Has a definite size, shape mass and volume.
 Have different characteristics/ properties such as shape, color, texture, weight etc.
 Can be changed through many ways: by cutting, tearing, folding, twisting, bending,
stretching, pressing, coloring, crumpling, melting and others. Such actions may change
the materials size, shape, texture, color and other characteristics and properties.
 Examples: Ball, Clock, Apple etc.

Changes in Solid Materials:

A. What happens when the Solid Material is Bent?

Observe the picture below.
Question:
1. What changes happen to the paper clip?
2. Is there a new product formed after the paper
clip was bent?

If you are to recall the comic strip at the

beginning of this module you can see this
step as performed by Kuya Lester:

This is one step that Kuya Lester used to

place a curved shape on the vase that he is
molding.
REMEMBER:
 Solid materials can be bent. When bent these materials may change their size and shape.
 No new material is formed when a solid is bent
 Only physical appearance is changed when a solid is bent
 Flexibility-is the ability of material to be bent without breaking
 The bending of the paper clip does not change the paper clip it is still the same paper clip
but with a different shape
 Bending of solid materials is applied in situation like creating accessories etc.
B. What happens when Solid Material is pressed?

Observe the picture below:

Question:
1. What changes happen to the paper bread
dough?
2. Is there new product formed after the dough
was pressed?

If you are to recall the comic strip at the

beginning of this module you can see this
step as performed by Kuya Lester:

This is one step that Kuya Lester used to

smoothen around the inside and outside of
the vase clay.

He also used this technique where in after

getting a piece of clay to work with, he press
his thumb into the clay to warm it up, pinch
  and pull on the material to soften and flatten
it.

REMEMBER:

 Solid materials can be pressed.

 When solid materials are pressed these materials may change their size and shape, other
solid may also change texture.
  Pressing the dough only changes its shape and texture but it is still the same material.
 No new material is formed only the physical appearance of the matter is changed.

C. What happen when Solid Material is Hammered?

Observe the picture below.

Question:

1. What changes happen to the nails?

2. Is there any new product formed after the nails are
hammered?

REMEMBER:

 A hammer is a hand tool usually consists of a solid head held on the end of a handle. It is
used for beating, striking or pounding materials.
 Solid materials can be hammered.
 When hammered solid may change their size and shape and even the texture
 No new material is formed, once the nails are hammered only their shape changed but it
is still the same nail.
 Malleability- ability of material to be hammered into thin sheets

D. What happen when a Solid Material is cut or when Cut?

Observe the picture below.

Question:

1. What changes happen to the paper?

2. Is there any new product formed after the paper is cut?

If you are to recall the comic strip at the beginning of

this module you can see this step as performed by
Kuya Lester:

This is one of the steps that Kuya

Lester perform, wherein He cut the
sheet of clay into his desire shape
using a pointed knife or he can also
use a specialized cutting tool to
shape it the way he wanted.
REMEMBER:

 Solid materials can be cut. When cut this material may change their size and shape. But
no new material is form.
 It does not change the material only its physical appearance is changed when cut.
 Not all solid materials can be cut using a simple scissors. Just like in the clay sample,
some solid materials like iron, steel or harder solid etc. can be cut using specialized
cutting tools.

Conclusion:

The changes in solid materials as they are bent, pressed, hammered or cut only
affect their physical appearance. They change in size, shape and even texture
but their composition is still the same as the original.
ACTIVITY 1 – Before and After
What’s More
Direction: Compare the two sets of pictures in each number. Identify how these solid materials
undergo changes. Choose your answer from the box below and write it on the blank in third
column of the table.

Bent Cut Hammered Pressed

Before After How?

______________
https://encrypted-
https://i.pinimg.com/originals/57/c1/e0/57c1e036d764817d3bdcb97c59fad tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn%3AANd9GcTki1OiDfoNjbCw3B_rPERa64eg8-
b57.png fpL8bTEXvCGFCuyy9Zh4oI&usqp=CAU

______________

https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn
%3AANd9GcSrALObKxmtV5KaB0M_7QnWY0vo68pWs9TtIrGs61IVBHHom1zb&usqp= https://i.ytimg.com/vi/0FhNkHU4_Wo/maxresdefault.jpg
CAU

______________

https://i1.wp.com/kumukutu.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/Hollow-
Blocks-8-Inchs.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1 https://static.turbosquid.com/Preview/2016/05/23__07_44_44/Cinder_Blocks_Broken_02_00
2_Thumbnail_Square0000.jpg1d94de64-d557-435e-ac51-554c5fe068e1DefaultHQ.jpg

______________
 https://s7d9.scene7.com/is/image/OCProduction/ta50ac_g https://i.pinimg.com/originals/a2/cd/01/a2cd01b01acb0c43efb8aaeff5cf3846.jpg

______________

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a8/Empty_tin_can200
9-01-19.jpg https://c8.alamy.com/comp/D280JF/crushed-tin-can-D280JF.jpg

Activity 2 – Choose your pick!

Direction: Classify the materials listed on the scroll below in what way will be the best to change
the solid material. Write your answer in column B.

COLUMN A COLUMN B
1. Bent

2. Cut

3. Hammered

4. Pressed

Baker’s dough Paper clip Card board Rock

Plastic cover Metal spoon Banana Corrugated roof

Activity 3- Circles of Change

Direction: Each picture shows changes in Solid Materials. Place a circle in each object and use
the following color to indicate which changes happen in the material.

Pink for Bent

Blue for Hammered
Violet for Pressed
Yellow for Cut
Activity 4- Bent, Cut, Hammered and Pressed your Way Around.

Direction: Some things you can bend; some things you can cut hammered and pressed. Look
around you and observe.
Draw the things or even scenario in your place that you think you apply bend, cut, hammered
and press. Draw your answer in the box as labeled.
 BENT
HAMMERED PRESSED
CUT

Source: Science 4 Teachers Guide page 36 to 47

What I Have
Learned
  Solid materials can be change in so many ways: by cutting, tearing, folding, twisting,
bending, stretching, pressing, coloring, crumpling, melting and others. Such actions may
change the materials size, shape, texture, color and other characteristics and properties of
a solid.
 Some solid materials can be bent, hammered, pressed and cut depending on the property
of the material.
 When bent and cut these materials may change their size and shape.
 Hammer is a hand tool used for beating/striking or pounding material or object
 When pressed and hammered materials may also change their shape, size and even
texture.
 Not all materials can be cut using scissors. Some solid materials like iron, steel and hard
solid may be cut using a specialized cutter depending on the material.
 Flexibility-is the ability of material to be bent without breaking
 Malleability- ability of material to be hammered into thin sheets
 The changes in solid materials as they are bent, pressed, hammered or cut only affect
their physical appearance. They change in size, shape and even texture but their
composition is still the same as the original, and no new material is formed.

Paperclip Pendant
https://www.instructables.com/id/Paperclip-Pendant/
What I Can Do
Step 1: Materials & Tools
1. Large paperclips
2. Modge podge (glossy) or glaze (spray glaze may make things easier)
3. Long nose pliers
4. Wire cutter (optional)
Step 2: Let's Get Started
Take a Paperclip and straighten it.
Step 3: A Mind Is a Terrible Thing to Waste
Employ your imagination and think of a design. Keep in mind the length of the paperclip. It may
be helpful to draw out your design so you may have a guide for your creation.
Step 4: Let's Do This
Start forming your design using your long nose pliers. Form your paperclip bit by bit so as not to
fatigue and break your paperclip.
Step 5: Finishing Up
Now you want to put a protective coating over your piece. You can use Modge Podge or glaze.

Note: Draw or take a picture of your final output in a short bond paper and attached it to this
module.
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate
sheet of paper.

1. Ana played “tumbang preso” with her friends using a tin can, after hitting the can several
times it became crumple. What change takes place to the can?
A. Change in color and size
B. Change in size and shape
C. Change in color and shape
D. Change in texture, shape and color

2. Which best describes what happens to the dough when it is pressed?

A. The dough changed its size and color.
B. The dough changed its size and shape.
C. The dough changed its volume and odor.
D. The dough changed its volume and color

3. Study the pictures below. Describe what happened to the metal spoon when bent.

A. There is a change in texture of the spoon

B. There is a change in the odor of the spoon
C. There is a change in the color of the spoon
q=bent+spoon&tbm=isch&chips=q:bent+spoon,g_1
:transparent:6Zrf0rOK1vY
%3D&hl=en&ved=2ahUKEwjd94P4uN_pAhWEBa
D. There is a change in the shape of the spoon YKHahMCzAQ4lYoAHoECAEQFA&biw=1226&b
ih=597#imgrc=6BVCaXLCGrfDCM

Before After
4. How are you going to change the shape and size of a paper?
A. by cutting
B. by pressing
C. by bending
D. by hammering

5. Study the picture below. What happened to the stone when hammered?
A. There is a change in color
B. There is a change in odor
C. There is a change in size and shape
D. Nothing happens
 Additional
Activities

D.I.Y Flour and Salt Clay

https://www.wikihow.com/Make-Clay#Making-Flour-and-Salt-Clay
1. Mix 4 c (480 g) of flour and 1.5 c (417 g) of salt in a large bowl. Add both dry ingredients to a
large mixing bowl. Then, use a big plastic or wooden spoon to stir the dry ingredients until
they are thoroughly mixed. Make sure the flour and salt are mixed well before you add the
water because it will be harder to redistribute one of the ingredients once the clay starts to
form.
2. Add 1.5 c (350 mL) of water gradually as you stir the mixture. Pour small amounts of water
into the bowl at a time, stirring between pours. Blend the mixture as well as you can before
you add more water. By the time all of the water is added to the bowl, your clay should be
forming a ball. It should get harder to stir each time you add more water.
3. Knead the clay until it reaches an even consistency. Take your clay out of the bowl and place
it on a flat surface, like the kitchen counter. Use your hands to push and pull the clay to work
it into a nice consistency. You can also pick up your clay and throw it down on the counter to
work out any air bubbles that might be present. This will help your clay stay moist longer.
4. Sculpt the clay as you desire. Now that your clay is ready, you can mold it into a figure, create
ornaments, or just play around. Use it as you would use a store-bought clay. This kind of clay
can make great keepsakes. For example, press your child's foot or hand into the dough until
there is an imprint, then let the mold harden to make a gift.
Tip: Use cookie cutter or glass to cut out shapes, if you like. Start by rolling your clay out flat
using a rolling pin. Then, cut your clay into shapes using a cookie cutter or a drinking glass,
which can make circle for ornaments. If you wish to hand the shapes as ornaments, poke a
hole near the top of the shape using a drinking straw or a toothpick.
5. Allow the clay to air dry for 2 days to preserve your model. If you want to create a sculpture or
keepsake, you’ll need to let your clay dry. This kind of clay dies out pretty quickly, but it’s
best to leave it untouched for at least 2 days to make sure it’s fully dry.
Variation: If you need to speed up the drying process, bake your clay at 212 ° F (100 °C) for 3
hours. If it still feels soft after 3 hours, you can put it back in the oven for up to 2 more hours.

Note: Draw or take a picture of your final output in a short bond paper and attached it to this
module.

References:  Young man making clay pot:

https://www.vectorstock.com/royalty-free-
Lecture and Activity Reference and Source
vector/young-man-potter-making-ceramic-pot-
Book:
craft-hobby-vector-14826779
 Science 4 Learner Material pages. 30 to 37
 Molded vase and clay:
Online Source:
https://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=https
 https://www.slideshare.net/JohnReyes79/specia %3A%2F%2Fimage.shutterstock.com%2Fimage-
l-properties-of-solid illustration%2Fhands-making-pot-on-pottery-
 https://www.wikihow.com/Make-Clay#Making- 260nw-752106979.jpg&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F
Flour-and-Salt-Clay %2Fwww.shutterstock.com%2Fsearch%2Fpot
 https://www.instructables.com/id/Paperclip- %2Bmaking&tbnid=y-4H9qc7-
Pendant/ pqQuM&vet=12ahUKEwjWxs6n89rpAhVJEqYKH
WipDUEQMygAegUIARDrAQ..i&docid=qOqwcUqP
PICTURE USED FOR COMIC STRIP IN WHAT’S NEW Eo1BmM&w=238&h=280&q=creating%20clay
 Blackboard: %20pot%20clip
https://webstockreview.net/explore/chalkboard- %20art&ved=2ahUKEwjWxs6n89rpAhVJEqYKHW
clipart-transparent/ ipDUEQMygAegUIARDrAQ#h=280&imgdii=9nOQ
 Children DdU-
:https://www.clipart.email/clipart/watching-tv-
clipart-kids-410438.html
 Y1_RHM:&vet=12ahUKEwjWxs6n89rpAhVJEqYK
HWipDUEQMygAegUIARDrAQ..i&w=238
 Molding pic 1:
https://www.clipartmax.com/png/middle/103-
1039861_moulding-clay-examples-of-contact-
forces-in-everyday-life.png
 Molding pic. 2: https://www.google.com/url?
sa=i&source=imgres&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=
2ahUKEwiCmuzl_NrpAhXKBKYKHcb-
BhYQjRx6BAgBEAQ&url=https%3A%2F
%2Fwww.shutterstock.com%2Fimage-illustration
%2Fhands-making-pot-on-pottery-
752106979&psig=AOvVaw01eQNa6RQmQB6sA9e
U1E8K&ust=1590905015923572
 Clay Sheet: https://www.wikihow.com/Make-
Ceramics
 Child asking question:
https://www.dreamstime.com/kid-question-
mark-curious-vector-kid-question-mark-curious-
vector-child-cartoon-face-sign-confused-doubt-
illustration-image157366206
WHAT I KNOW and ASSESSMENT PICTURE
 https://www.google.com/search?
q=bent+spoon&tbm=isch&chips=q:bent+spoon,g_
1:transparent:6Zrf0rOK1vY
%3D&hl=en&ved=2ahUKEwjd94P4uN_pAhWEBa
YKHahMCzAQ4lYoAHoECAEQFA&biw=1226&bih
=597#imgrc=6BVCaXLCGrfDCM
 https://www.google.com/search?
q=stone+hammer+clipart&tbm
PICTURES USED IN LECTURE (WHAT IS IT)
 Paper clip: https://irresistiblepets.net/diy-
instagram-pic-clips-for-pet-lovers/
 Pressed bread:
https://www.seriouseats.com/recipes/2014/08/
simple-crusty-white-bread-recipe.html
 Hammered picture:
https://www.dreamstime.com/illustration/cartoo
n-tool-tools-diy-fix-mend-maintain-objects-
hammer-nails-free-hand-drawn-doodle-clip-art-
artwork-illustration.html
 Paper and scissor:
http://www.patchpoppets.com/blog/how-to-
trace-a-pattern-to-felt/
 Clay cut: https://www.wikihow.com/Make-
Ceramics#/Image:Make-Ceramics-Step-3-
Version-6.jpg
ACTIVITY 1 PICTURES
 https://i.pinimg.com/originals/57/c1/e0/57c1e0
36d764817d3bdcb97c59fadb57.png
 https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?
q=tbn
%3AANd9GcTki1OiDfoNjbCw3B_rPERa64eg8-
fpL8bTEXvCGFCuyy9Zh4oI&usqp=CAU
 https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?
q=tbn
%3AANd9GcSrALObKxmtV5KaB0M_7QnWY0vo68
pWs9TtIrGs61IVBHHom1zb&usqp=CAU
 https://i.ytimg.com/vi/0FhNkHU4_Wo/maxresde
fault.jpg
 https://i1.wp.com/kumukutu.com/wp-
content/uploads/2017/02/Hollow-Blocks-8-
Inchs.png?fit=600%2C600&ssl=1
 https://static.turbosquid.com/Preview/2016/05/
23__07_44_44/Cinder_Blocks_Broken_02_002_Th
umbnail_Square0000.jpg1d94de64-d557-435e-
ac51-554c5fe068e1DefaultHQ.jpg
 https://s7d9.scene7.com/is/image/OCProductio
n/ta50ac_g
 https://i.pinimg.com/originals/a2/cd/01/a2cd0
1b01acb0c43efb8aaeff5cf3846.jpg
 https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/common
s/a/a8/Empty_tin_can2009-01-19.jpg
 https://c8.alamy.com/comp/D280JF/crushed-
tin-can-D280JF.jpg
ACTIVITY 3 PICTURES
 Kid and doorbell:
https://www.shutterstock.com/image-
vector/illustration-kid-boy-ringing-door-bell-
785412496
 Stop clock:
https://www.shutterstock.com/image-
vector/person-using-digital-stopwatch-
illustration-327325580
 Camera: https://www.shutterstock.com/image-
vector/illustration-hand-holds-instant-camera-
picture-1672834906
 Judge wood hammer:
https://www.shutterstock.com/image-
vector/judge-wood-hammer-vector-illustration-
flat-648635704
 Builder with hammer:
https://www.shutterstock.com/image-
vector/builder-worker-hammer-213482008
 Straw: https://www.shutterstock.com/image-
vector/vector-set-straw-1033333885
 Bend Spoon:
https://www.shutterstock.com/image-
vector/spoon-bending-isolated-vector-illustration-
1687755694
 Scissors and ribbon:
https://www.shutterstock.com/image-
vector/scissors-ribbon-on-white-background-
1414192784
 Hair cut: https://www.shutterstock.com/image-
vector/icon-illustration-featuring-girl-getting-her-
225385750
 Cutting Tree:
https://www.shutterstock.com/image-
vector/lumberjack-man-red-checkered-shirt-
cutting-651074674
ACTIVITY 4 PICTURES
 Pictures indicated here are the pictures use in key
to correction for activity 4
 Cutting paper:
https://www.shutterstock.com/image-
photo/close-woman-hands-cutting-paper-cutter-
1680968254
 Meat cooking preparation:
https://www.shutterstock.com/image-
photo/preparing-raw-meat-cooking-111257048
 Person exercise:
https://www.shutterstock.com/image-
vector/stay-home-keep-fit-positive-man-
1716827089
 Press pillow:
https://www.shutterstock.com/image-
photo/hands-young-woman-soft-pillow-over-
256765591
WHAT I CAN DO PICTURE
 https://cdn.instructables.com/ORIG/FT9/DSO9/HV9H
T8HM/FT9DSO9HV9HT8HM.jpg?auto=webp
ADDITIONAL ACTIVITY PICTURE
 https://www.wikihow.com/Make-Clay#/Image:Make-
Clay-Step-14-Version-4.jpg