EDUCATION MANAGEMENT

AND ADMINISTRATION

Developed by Education Management students:

Neelakshi Dutta
Barnali Das
Manami Medhi
Bhanima Kalita
Niaz Md. Dilwar Rahman

Under the guidance of :

Anjali Sharma
Associate Professor
 CONTENT

 INTRODUCTION
 MEANING OF MANAGEMENT
 FEATURES
 OBJECTIVES
 FUNCTIONS
 NEED AND IMPORTANCE
 SCOPE
 EDUCATION MANAGEMENT AND LEADERSHIP
 EDUCATION MANAGEMENT AND ADMINISTRATION
 CONCLUSION
Anjali Sharma,Tezpur University,Assam 2 03-11-2017
 Etymology of management
Let’s start with etymology

 It originated from the Italian word

“Maneggiare’’ which means to handle.
 Latin word “Manus” means hand.
 French word “Mesnagement”
 English word “Management”

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  According to Henri Fayol, "to manage is to forecast and
to plan, to organise, to command, to co-ordinate and to
control."
 According to Fredmund, “management is transforming
resources into utility.”
 Peter Drucker defined management as dynamic and
life giving element in any organization, without it
resources never become product.

Definitions
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 Cont.…..

 According to Harold Koontz, “Management is an

art of getting things done through and with the
people in formally organized groups. It is an art
of creating an environment in which people can
perform and individuals can co-operate towards
attainment of group goals. ”
 According to F.W. Taylor, “Management is an art
of knowing what to do, when to do and see that
it is done in the best and cheapest way.”
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Education is the provision of a series of learning experience to
students in order to impart knowledge, values, attitudes and
skills with the ultimate aim of making them productive
members of society. Through it the latent talent of the child can
be developed.

Education stands for.

 Educational Management

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It is a field of study and practice concerned with the
operation of educational organisations. It operates in the
educational organizations. It is theory and practice of the
organisation and administration of existing educational
establishment and systems.
The origin of the development of educational
management as a study began to the United States in early
part of 20th century. As a department it came into existence
in 1976 in University of Ibadan Nigeria.
Sir Graham Balfour writes "the purpose of educational
management is to enable the right pupils to receive the right
education from the right teachers, at a cost within the means
of the state, which will enable pupils to profit by their
learning."
 Specific Features
It is an applied branch:- Application of theories, laws and
principles from other disciplines
Its product is living:-The outcome is always living i.e.is
in the form of student.
There is specificity in objectives:- The objectives of the
organisation/institution is very much specific and well-
known.
There is centrality of target:- Different schools and
colleges but they all aim at the same target/goal.

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 Educational Management is thus the process of planning,
organizing, directing and controlling the activities of an
educational institution by utilizing human and material
resources so as to effectively and efficiently accomplish
functions of teaching, extension work and research.

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 OBJECTIVES
Educational management helps in the achievement institution’s
objectives i.e. It ensures school and college effectiveness.

It improves planning, organizing and implementing and institution’s

activities and process.

It helps in appropriate utilization of its human resources i.e.

teaching staff, non –teaching staff and students.

It enhances efficiency of the institution i.e. it helps in attaining the

goals with minimum cost and time.

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 It facilitates optimum utilization of infrastructural facilities
(playground, building, equipments, library etc).

It enhances job satisfaction among staff members and

satisfaction with the institution among students.

It helps staff and students to manage, their interpersonal

conflicts, stress and time effectively.

It improves interpersonal communication among members of the

school /college.

It enables the principal to understand his role and carry out his
function more effectively

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 Philosophy underlined
Functions of educational management are those functions
which are performed by managers. Managers are generally
involved in the functions of : Planning, Organising, Directing,
Motivating, Evaluating and Decision-making. These are also
the functions of the organization as that beyond an individual
manager and affect the entire institution. These functions of
educational management are largely based on the 14
principles of management, which have been given by Henry
Fayol in 1916. They are:
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 Division of work.
Authority.
Discipline.
Unity of command.
Unity of direction.
Subordination of individual interests.
Remuneration.
Centralization.
Scalar chain.
Material and social order.
Equity.
Stability.
Initiative.
Espirit de corps.

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 NEED AND IMPORTANCE
1)Educational Management is necessary to develop the inter relationship
among different human resources and physical resources and with the
organization.

2)Educational management is essential for proper planning of any educational

institution. It gives the practical shape of the planning.

3)It is necessary in this sense that it stresses on the decentralization of

facilities and delegation of powers.

4)It is necessary for the proper evaluation and future course of action.

5)It demands on the educational institution that makes its curriculum more
relevant to the life and needs of the changing society in effective and
efficient manner.
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 SCOPE
 Goal development: It refers to the act of continuous
examination,evaluating, and making necessary changes in the
goals of education. Keeping in view the continuous change in
the needs and expectations of the society.

 Programme, planning and actualization: It is an area of

educational management. Planning involves assessment of
various alternatives and selecting the best possible action.
Providing support to actualize or implement the planned course
of action to realize the developed goals is the responsibility of
Educational management.

 Organization: It is an another area of Educational Management.

It can lead to effective distribution and coordination of
functions
Anjali Sharma,Tezpur for realization of educational
University,Assam 16 goals. 03-11-2017
 Educational Management also includes the day to day
activities in the educational institutions.

1)Planning of Educational goals, principles, approaches

and procedures at macro and micro level of education.

2)Communication ,decision making, problem solving

and team building at the institutional level.

3)Providing support in the form of development and

management of human resources including managers,
principles, supervisors, teachers, office staffs etc.

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 4)Provision of management of material resources for
such as board, marker, furniture, laboratory, library
etc.
5)Concluding regular meetings of the staff to discuss
issues and to build consensus and manage conflicts.
6)Development of the conducive climate.
7)Organization and management of services like
training, guidance, counseling, health and physical
education etc.
8)Maintenance of records, students evaluation,
managing finance and budgeting etc.

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 EDUCATION MANAGEMENT AND
LEADERSHIP
Educational management is a set of processes that keep an
organization functioning. Leadership is very different. It is about
aligning people to the vision, that means buy-in and
communication, motivation and inspiration.
March argues, “Management and Leadership are distinct
concepts, there is a natural overlap between the skills, they
require.”
Both educational management and leadership have some
dissimilarities.
 Educational management is directing planning and budgeting,
which is keeping an eye on the bottom line.

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 Whereas, leadership is directing,
creating, vision and strategy,
which is keeping an eye on the horizon.

•Educational management is based

on position of power.
But, leadership is based on personal
power.

•Educational management is focusing on objects producing,

selling goods and services.
While, leadership is focusing on people inspiring and
motivating followers.

•Educational management is linked with directing and

controlling.
But, leadership
Anjali Sharma,Tezpur University,Assam is linked with helping
20 others to grow. 03-11-2017
 EDUCATION MANAGEMENT AND
ADMINISTRATION
Educational Management is the application of
theories and principles of management in the field of
education.
Administration is the part of management
and educational management and administration are at times used
interchangeably. Administration is a group of people who manage the way
a company, school or other organizational functions.

Both educational management and administration have differences.

 Educational management of an institution is concerned with the
objectives, targets and goals laid down by the board of directors or the
board of governors.

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 While, administration is an agency which lays down the aims, policies
and guidelines of institutions.

•Educational management is concerned with the achievement of

results.
On the other hand, administration is concerned with rules and
regulations.

•Educational management is progressive, imaginative and innovative

because of its emphasis on results.
Whereas, administration because of its emphasis on rules is
generally rigid and traditional.

•Educational management, results are

easily measurable.
But, administration results are not
easily measurable.

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 The difference between Administration and
Management

FirstView: Main functions of administration:

Policy Making
Formulation of Vision /Mission
Preparing Organisational Plans and strategies
Developing Culture and Climate
Conceptual Skills: Top Level Personnel.

Whereas, main functions of Management:

Executive Body
Implementing Body
Directs and control the subordinates
Technical and Human Skills: Middle Level Personnel
 SecondView:
Management includes administration. According to Brech,
"Management is a social process entailing responsibility
for the effective and economical
planning and regulation of the operation of an enterprise in
fulfilment of a given purpose of task."
Administration is that part of management which is
concerned with the installation and carrying out of
the procedures by which the programme is laid down and
communicated and the progress of activities
is regulated and checked against plans. Thus, first and
second viewpoints are exactly opposite to one another.
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 ThirdView

There is no distinction between management and

administration. Other authors like Fayol, Newman
Williams, do not make any distinction between
these two terms. This viewpoint is gaining
popularity
these days. It is very difficult to demarcate between
managerial and administrative functions because
the same set of persons perform both of these
functions. We do not have two sets of people to
discharge administrative and operative
management functions. Therefore, there is no
difference.
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 Thus, in order to avoid the controversy, we can classify
management into-
(a)Administrative management
(b)Operative management.
Administrative management is primarily concerned with
laying down policies and determining goals whereas
operative management is concerned with implementation of
the policies for the achievement of goals. But both these
functions are performed by the same set of people.
According to Spriegal and Lansbugh, at the higher levels the
managerial authority is concerned with administration and
less with management and at lower levels, the managerial
authority is more concerned with management a nil less with
administration.

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 CONCLUSION
We can conclude by saying that education
management in this modern world is very
necessary for a smooth running and growth of a
healthy educational institutions. It should be
noted that an efficient education administration is
an essence for the efficiency and effectiveness.
Thus for success of education management there
must be adequate freedom and flexibility,
discipline and the necessary decorum should be
maintained in the educational institutions.
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