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    3811 - Nui Tan Vien Va Tan Vien Son Thanh Qua Thu Tich Co

    Uploaded by

    nghiencuulichsu

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    {951 (88) - 2012- Di sin vin hod phivt the NUI TAN VIEN VA TAN VIEN SON THANH QUA THU TICH CO Tan Vign (Bai) va than ndiTan Vidn I dia Ne quan trong ¢6 quan he tric, tgp vai Phong Chau cing tin nguong cua nguéi Vigt-Muéng o, do vay da duce cdc thutich ¢ghi nnhan rét sd, tiéu biéw cé thé ké dén cfc sch: Vigt ign ulinh, Linh Nar chich quai, Viet su/lugc, An Nam chf luge, Bal Wet su Kf todin thu, Du dia cf, Kién van tiéu luc, Kham dinh Viet su théng idm cueng muc, vv. Trong céc tu ligu tt thai Tran vé trade, néu An Nam chi luge cua Lé Tae, quyén thitnhdt, khi ghi ve cécngon nil quan trong dnuéc ta cé nhc dén ni Tan Vien véi thong tin hét stic so luge mang tinh cht mé ta: "Ndi Tan Vién: hinh nui nhur cdi tan’, con Dai Viet su/luge (tic gia khuyét danh thal Trin) cung nhéc dén ndiTan Vign song chi mot lin duy nhét, 46a phan chép v8 nm ThBn VU thi2 (1072), mila thu, thing Bay:"T4 nd Tan Vien’, thi cac sach Viet dign u linh va Link Nam chich qudi lai luu gi duge nhidu théng th rét quan trong. . vig dign wlink hay vig diénu inh tap le cua Ut T&Xuyén,ophdn thi/ba’Hao kh anh inh’ co mu “Tan Vign hy thanh - Khudng quéc - Hién ting wuong', cho biét: "Theo Giao Chau ki cua Tang céng, vuong fa Son Tinh, truéckét ban than vdi Thuy Tinh, an cu ‘rong dng nti Gia Ninh o Phong Chau. Thai Chu Noan Vuong, nude Vigt ta goia Vin Lang, higu cua ‘wualld Hling Ving, Vua cé ngusi con gai tén 1 Mi Nuong, nhan sécindctiéng gan xa, Vua nuéeThye 18 Phan sai sitmang Ié dén cu hén, ile vua ung thug, nhung dai than [a Lac hau can ngn cho *Vign Van hoc ‘TH. DHAM VAN ANE rang, Thue Phan cu han e6t c6 j dém ngé nude ta, khuyén vua tim nguéi ibn tai 48 kén Lam 18 Vua theo Ii, tim dug vuong va Thuy Tinh. Vuong cé thé di xuyén qua dat 44, Thuy Tinh thi cé thé ai vag nude Ita, chang cd gi can tro duge. Hai ngudi thitdi vdinhau,bét phan théng bai. Vuong ndi vi Thy Tinh: Ching ta ngudi nao cung c6 thust la, may man duge quan vuong dé mat trong vong, mi ngudi nén ve léy san vat trong quan dé fam 6 ta. Thuy Tinh tht lng tin ngay. Vuong tra v8 ni, nigay dém 4y lo chun bicécthithd san nhuvang bac, ngge thgch, sting té, nga voi, cing cc loal cchim th, mai thi ca trim; tri vla rang sng da mang dén bay true san chu. Hing Vudng nhan thy 1@ hgu nén thudn ga Mi Nuong, Cuéi xong, ‘ang da Mi Nuang vé an 6 déng Li Son. Thuy Tinh dén sau, cung mang ding cac ogi thuy san, vathiém cua a, c4 Kinh, ca nghé, méi tht c6 dn ca tram. Hling Vuong cho triéu Mi Nyang ra lam Ie, nnhung chang biét nang o du. Thuy Tinh ca gin, dem quan tuéng dud theo, inh pha tan L6' Son, Vuong tim ni cao di ché 3, chon duge dinh nc Tan Vien, dua thé ndi cao 6 lai dy, thanh ke clu thi vdi Thuy Tinh, ciing deo dudi dénh phd nhau Vi oan hn mai kh6ng théi, Hang nam, Thuy Tinh, wong theo nude mila thu tién dénh nui Tan Vien. Dan di bao nhau két ro dung coc gitip vuong chéng Thuy Tinh. Cong tich cua than rét nhidu, kkh6ng thé ghi chép hét duge! Thai Trin, vi cd am céng phil tg, nim Tring Hung thirnhét (1285), vuong dugcsic phongth’n 1 Hyu Thanh vuangenam thi tu (1288) gia prong hai chirkhuéng quéc; nam Hung Long thi/haimuai Pham Vn Ar: Ma Vi wa Ti Vin som td, ;mét (1313) thém hai chi7hién ting, Séch Linh Nam chich qudi cua Tran Thé Phi ngutéi di Tran cé truyén v8 ndiTan Vien (Tan Vien son truyén), cho bit: Nii Tan Vién ndm 6 phia Tay kinh 46 nude Nam Vi8t. Nui Ay cao chét vot, dinh trdn nhutlong nén cé tn nhutthé. Vuang la con cua LacLong Quan va Au Co, i mét trong s6 50 ngudi con theo cha xuéng bién. Sau, vuong ti bign theo cila bién Than Phil ngu¢c lén, dén Long 66, thanh Long Bign dinh glainhtng van chu thay thuc via J, lal ngugc |én theo déng séng Lé, thay niii Tan Vin ‘sting sting trang Ie, ba dinh ding dan hang, cao wit nh trong biic hoa’ én "én tan du ngon Van ing mdi dy dé lam noi cu ngu’ Vuong ting i dungoan gséng iéuTich &@ xem dah f, qua thén &p nao cling dung dign gclm ché nghi ngoi. “Nguéi dai sau nhén cac ditch Ay bén lip én the phung,khi han han thi chu dao, mualu thi cing, d& rngan nga nhing tai hgalén, dé chéng a nung hoan nan to, higuinghiém thay ngay, hét stic linh ting’ BSI Budng, Cao Eidn ting ding thust trén yém song chi thy vutcng “cual ngyia trang trén chor may, phi nh r8i bo di. Cao Bidn Vithé than ‘Binge *Khithigng cua phong Nam that khon lvéng \ugng kh cua dt nay 2m sao ma tuyét digt dug uéi truyn ghi truyén thuyét vuong va Thuy Tinh dua tai ldy vo, tuang d6i gidng vdi ghi chép trong Viet dign u inh ‘V8 xudt than cia than, Linh Nam chich qudi cho than la con cua Lac Long Quan va Au Cg, i mot trong s6 50 ngui con treo cha xung ben, tc mot trong s6 mét tram con ra dai ti tram qua tring, fa mot sy xudt thin ddy mau scmau he va "1g dng con ngué chinh Vithé, ngay 6 thé ki XV, khitign han tu chinh Linh Nam chich qual, Kidu Phi (1446-2) hing vign dn dn quan nigm vé"khi hao nnhién’ cua Manh Tu dé giai thich, muén dich chuyén vi th8n nay vé dang nhién than, véi tinh cchét fa tinh anh cua nif thi! khi thing cua non séng nhu Viet dign u ih da ghi chép. Theo le thuong, néu than la:mét trong nhing nguéi con theo cha vé bién, mang dy yéu t6 *nuéc’ sao cn gugc dng len niit? C6 thé vi truyén thuyét ve ccugc chién gitla Son Tinh - Thuy Tinh duge lu truyén [du dai nén chink vi than ndi Son Tinh cung ‘tmhigu bi*thém nydc"? Nhung’suthémn'dy khang itnl trigt dé, bot chinh Linh Nam chich quai kine vige Cao Bién tran yém bat thanh (chitiét nay kha gidng vi vigc ho Cao ting trén yém than séng Té Lich), ‘tng than tho, coi than la "kh thigng cua phuong Nam* (Nam phung linh Khi, rbi cudi truyén, sch niy rt cuc tr lai vai cbu chuyén v8 truyén thuyét cudc chién Son Tinh - Thuy Tinh, hoan nguyen vi than ng ‘Tan Vien tro lai {a tinh anh cua ndi, déilap ydiThuyTinh latinh cuanudc. Doi Au Co dan 50.con [én ni, Son Tinh 13 mét trong sé 50 con theo cha vé min bién, nhung ri lai nguge dng len non, én 46 cung cé thé hiéu 18 mét kiéu héi quy “nguyén fime"- mét nguyén fi dic biét quan trong trong ¢Bi ngudn van hoa Vit" Néu “suki cua BO Thién thdi Ly dan theo Giao chikh cho biét, than Cao Lé cd “tuc higu" la B6 Lé, hoc ro han [a than a (thach than). Tuc hiéu sau xécdinh nguén géc va tinh chét cua than, Lép tanh sau danh hiéu Han héa a ndi dung ban dia chi Khudn mat ‘than: ld Id cao lén (Cao 16), 1d Id dep. de (B68). Bén khi ngudi ta bot ivy. én hinh dang, tinh cht nguyén thuy cua than thi cdc tuéc phong cdc nim 1285, 1288 dé chi n6i dung atc tinh gén righi), cing thang (cyong chink)” thi véi than ni Tan Vign, Viet dignu inh ngay tl bu da coi day 18 ‘than nif va su ghi chép trong sch rét thdng nhdt v8 y8ut6 “mG nays hur mdi v8 tah cua thd th "yuong 6 thé dixuyén qua dat da ndi v8 vat th “gong tro v8 ni ngay dém fy lo chuan bi cac tht thé san, hu vang bac, ndgc thach, sting té, nga cing cécloai chim tht, moi thié ca trim’ va khi giao chign voi Thuy Tinh th cung dia vao thé ni cao.6& hing cy. Hign nbién, qua Vist dign y inh va Linh ‘Nam chich qudi, SonTTinh, hay vi thin diniTan Vien |B nhign than, cu thé han 6 Ia son thin - mot vi thin ni ‘Theo céc sach trén, ntiiTan Vign o phia Tay kinh 8 Nam Viét, dinh trén nhu chiéc tén, sting sting trang], ba dinh ating dan hang, cao vit nhutrong bic hoa, dinh cao nhdt cua nti nay, than Son Tinh lay Fam noi cungy duige goi Van Méng. Van Méng theo dé, duéng nh la tén goi rét cb cua ndi Tan. Vien. Tuy xudt than cua thin kha bit tuy c6 nd én diTan véi"ba dinh ding dn hang’ song, theo cdc ghi chép tn, than ndiiTan Vien vén chi cé mt, la duy nhét,cung khéng thy nhéc he ten cy thé. ‘itu nay phan bit voi cc tuliu ve sau coi than Tan Vign gém ba vi, mang ho tén hét ngudi thé tuc, 6 thé dé la mot thes quan nigm xugt phat tisu thyc rng, ndiTan 6 ba ngon, hodc gia anh xa tl quan nigm tam thé, tam thn cia Phat gido; nung khi niéi dn Tit bat tu, ttic bén bac linh than t6i cao ‘rong tam thidc dn gian, thi van théng nhit ls "ba 861 (88)-2012- Di sn vn hod phi trong mot’, tuy mot vi vith trong Tirbét ti dt hi bién dong song, Tan Vign son than thiluén c6 mat ya dng @2u bé td 46. Qua khao sat thyct8 tho tu Tan Vign sen thanh o nhieu dia phulong cling hé théng than tich, sde phong hign cén, c6 thé thay, tiie tt thdiL& Trung hung tro di, Tan Vien son thanh dugc thd ort nhieu ni, das6 thé tam vi voi nhidubién thic hét sc phiic tap. Tuy nhién, tt chi ti8t trén cho thay, céc di tich thd than Tan hign nay, mot s6 tong cdc ditch chi tho mot vithanh Tan duy nh c6 thé la ddu vét bao Iu duge tu truyén théngcé xa, V8 vic thi cling thin nit Tan Vien Vige dina linh khiviét v8 thin da dan sch Giao chau ki cua Tang céng. Theo ghi chép trong Vietsulugc, Bai Viet suki tocn th, Vit su théng gidm cwong muc, vv. Tang cong tle Tang Cén, ting lar Tiét dd st Giao chau othé kithtX, cho thy, trayén thuyét v8 thin Son Tinh va vic the than da co ttrét au dai, Sach nay cdn ghi nhén ba lan trigu dinh nha Tran sic pphong cho than vi cé céng am phii, cubi cling ghi mgt bai tho dé cua Han lam vign thi thu Nguyén Héa lam, nha dip hé gid nha vua di chinh chién o phia Tay. Thoréng: *Son ty cao thign, thn nhac lin, Tam huang tai khéu di van thanh, MiNuang digchyu uy nghi gia, ‘Tha vj thusinh bao thu han’. (Than nd: tinh thiéng, dinh cham may/Tam hung aii khin th4u cao day/MiNuong néu qua uy linh thyc/Xin giip thu sinh ven chuyén nay? Nguyén Ha, sch Linh Nam chich qué va Todn Viet thi lye déu ghi théng nhdt 1a Nguyén Si C6, danh si cudithékiXtl, du thé XN.” Thém vio d6 la chitiét nhurLinh Nam chich qud 43 ghi: Vuang ting di du ngoan o séng Tigu Tich 4 xem inh ca, qua thon Sp néo cung ding dign gic lam ché nghi nga, "Ngudi dd sau nhan cdc di tich 4y bn Jap dn thd phung kh han hn th chu 420, mua lu t7 cing, dé ngan nga nhiing tai hoa ln, dé chéne do nhung hoan nan to, higu nghiém théy ngay, hét st inh ting”. Song TieuTich ble chinh la séng Tchngiy nay, hign o khu we nay cén luu truyén 18 hoi anh ca song dé 8 thin Tan Vign, Céc chitietnéu trén cho théy mot céch ro rang, mun nhét la v3o théi Tran, Tan Vign son thanh duige cola vithan ht sc linh ing va da duge the tu mot cach phé bin ¢ khu vue xt Dodi. Chang nnhung thé, ghi chép trong Dai Vgt su todn thu cin gitip dy nign dai trén v8 mugn nha khoang da. thai, déng thé cho bit vitF,tAm quan trong da" biét cua than nui Tan Vign khéng chi trong tam thiicdan gian ma cn d6ivditriéu dinh trunguong. ‘Dai! vigtsu kl todn thycua Ngé SiLién thai Le nhidu lan nhc dén cdc surkién lién quan dén ni Tan Vien, ding chil 18 cdc su kién sau: Phan “Ngoai ki", sau khi, idan theo tai liguet ve ‘truyn thuyét Son Tinh - Thuy Tinh 6 ghi: "Nai Tan Vien la day nui cao cla nude Viét ta, su linh thiéng rat ting nghiém’. Phan ghi vé Hoang 4é Ly Anh Téng co viet: Nam At Stu, Dai Dinh nam the 6 (1145), (Téng Thigu Hung nam tht 15), “mila thu, thang Bay, dying dén ‘than nui Tan Vign va cdc dén Bé Cai, Ong Nghiém, ‘Ong Mau”. Phan ghi vé Lé Nhan Téng cé viét, nam Kj Ty, ‘Thai Héa nam thit7 (1449), (Minh Chinh Théng nam thi! 4), "thang ay bi han, vua than dén cung Canh Linh lam 1 cu mua, sai Tham tri Bai Cam H6,L8 b6- Lang trung Nguyn Canh di céu dao éndiTanVign va Tam Bao déu khéng ting nghiém". Xem do c6 the biét, ti thdi Ly dén tidu Le, ni Tan va uy linh cua vison than o day chiém mét vi tii dicbiged6ivditridu dinh trung vong. Bia vids cao hon han Hiing Vuong, vi cdc t8i liéu thii Ly Tran va trudc cho thy, viée cling té than Tan Vign @ugc coi nhu quécté ma khéng hé néi gi dén viée thé Hing Vuong. Khéng diing lai 4 46, Dal ie su kf ‘toan thu con cho biét, uy danh cua Thanh Tan da vugt ra khoi bin gidi nude ta. Phan ghi vé hoang dé TranNghé Téng viét: nam Canh Tuat, Thiéu Khanh namthit 1 (1370), (tusthéng 10 tré vé trudc la Duong Nhat Lé, ‘Bai Dinh nam thi 2, Minh Héng Va nam thi 3), “mia xuan, théng.Giéng, vua nha Minh ty lam bai ‘chtic van, sai Diém Nguyén Phuc, dao si cung Trigu Thign, dem [8 trdu-va lua dén té thén ni Tan Vign vacéc thiy thén song L6". Va, didu nay digc Kham dinh Viét su théng gidm cuong muc cua Quéc su quan tri Nguyén: tai khang |dinh tuy khéngndiro dé [a ndi Tan Vién: "Canh Tudt, Tran Nghé Tong. hoang dé, nam Thiéu Khanh thi 1 (1370) (tirthang 10 trd vé trude, thudc Duong Nhat Lé, nam Bai Binh tht 2. Nha Minh, nam Hong Va thi/3), thang Giéng,, mia xuan, nha Minh sai st sang ta, té cdc thin ndi song. Trudc kia, bay tdi thudc Lé bé nha Minh xin dem cc thén nil séng 6 nudc ta phy té vio dan Nhac Béct, vua Minh y theo. Bén day, vua Minh sai go si 6 cung Triéu Thién la Diém Nguyén Phuc Fanginh dem bai vin ngy ché sang t cdc than nti, song’ Vivi ti 18 nd td cla nude ta" (Nguyén Trai Dut ia ch), "tran son cia mt nude" (Lé Quy Bén: Kién Vn tiéu ud), nai linh thiéng ‘chm dia"? nén Bai viet sit kf todn thu cén ghi may sukién sau: Phan ghi vé Lé Hign Tong chép: nim Quy Hai, (anh Théng nam thi 6 (1503), (Minh Hoang Tri nam ‘hi 16) nim nay, truth dat han, saulei nudcto, ndiTan Vien va ndiTam Dao bie" Phan chép vé Lé Kinh Tang cho biét:"Tan Hol, Holing Binh narh th 12(1611), (Minh Van Lich nm th 39), mia déng, théng Musi, ngay 16, ndiTin Vin bilé dén hon 12 trong: Ngay 18, & huyén Yén Viet, trol mua mau sudt ndt ngay, mot dem" Phan ghi v8 Lé Kinh Tong: Nam Tan Hoi, Hoang inh nam thi 12 (1611), (Minh Van Lich nim the 39), "thang Mudi, ngay méng 6, nliiTan Vien bi sat le12trugng’, Vige ndiiTan Vien sat Io dug ghi vao, chin su, 01 d6 Id dtm bit thuéng, bio trude nhing ta di, anh hudng dén sy tén yong cuiatridu dai... cing cho théy dia vi dc bigt cua ndiTan Vién va Tan Vign son thanh. Ta Chi Bai Tung thm chi cdn | chiing ta rang: “ngay nay, qua céng trinh ng iu cua cachgc gia, nhigu ngudi cing biét danh xung Hing Vuong xuat hign sém nhdt trong thy tich vao thé ki ll qua sich Nam Vigt ch. Thu tich \Vigt Nam nhc dn Hing Vuong sm nha 18 Vigt dign u link (1329) trong truyén Tan Vign, tuy dn theo Giao Chau ki cua Tang Cén (thé ki IX), hung gay trong truyén nay, "Aung Vuong, nhan vat vio Gi sau o dia vi ti cao, trong truyén da lam ng ua “dit réng, dn dong’, viy ma chi la céi bong lam néibat than théng cua 6ng than nti. Trong lan phong than nim 1285, ho Tran chi phong cho Si Nhiép, Phiing Hung, Hai Ba Trung, Triéu Quang Phuc, Hu Ly Nam 84, Son inh ma khéng da déng gidén Hing Vuong", | . Qua cdc ct liu lich st trén dy, c6 thé théy, ‘ryyén thuyét v8 San Tinh, hay Tan Vign son thénh da xudt hién tr lau ddi.va an su vao tam thiic Inguéi Viet (thm chi 3 Vigt- Muéng), trong ad, tu ligu thanh yn ti cud thé ki thes X da ghi nhén su thyc 66. Tal eéc tri8u dai quan ch Vigt Nam, Tan Vien son thanh luén duge trigu dinh vi nhin dn siing phung, coi I& bac than ating du trong cac than ti linh ctia nud Vit, dng thai ni Tan Vign

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