Module 4 RESEARCH AND STATISTICS

MEASURES OF VARIABILITY

Exercise and Problems - Range

1. 38 1
36 1
34 1
30 1
27 1
26 1
24 2
21 1
23 1
20 1
19 2
18 2
16 1
16 =N
RANGE = 22

2. Given are the highset and lowest steps: compute the Range

a. Test in Mathematics Ans.

51 - 53 highset step 54 Range = 29
24 - 26 lowest step 25

a. in History
90- 94 92 Range = 45
45 - 49 47
a. In General Psychology
78 - 79 79.5 Range = 23
56 - 57 56.5

Exercise and Problems -Quartile & Average Deviation

1. Compute the average deviation of the following score

x f fx d f*d Efx = 628
49 1 49 15.9 15.9 M= Efx/N
45 1 45 11.9 11.9 M= 33.1 Ans
40 1 40 6.9 6.9
39 1 39 5.9 5.9 AD= Efd/N
36 1 36 2.9 2.9 AD= 3.95 Ans
34 1 34 0.9 0.9
33 4 132 -0.1 0.1
31 2 62 -2.1 2.1
30 3 90 -3.1 3.1
27 2 54 -6.1 6.1
24 1 24 -9.1 9.1
23 1 23 -10.1 10.1
411 19 628 Efd = 75
Module 4 RESEARCH AND STATISTICS

2. Compute by the short method the average deviation of the following distribution:

x f D d= X-N f*d
87 2 4 8 8 Fl = 26 8
84 5 3 15 15 Fh = 34 15
81 6 2 12 128 128
78 9 1 9 9 9
75 12 0 0 0 0
72 10 -1 -10 10 10
69 7 -2 -14 14 14
66 0 -3 0 0 0
63 6 -4 -24 24 24
60 3 -5 -15 15 15
60 223 =EFD
30 -19 = Efd

assumed Efd EFD+(Efd/N) (Fl-Fh)

M = + x I Ad= x I
mean N N
-19 225.53
76.5 + x 5 x 3
60 60
225.53
M = 76.5 + - 1.39 x 3.00
60

M = 75.11 Ad= 11.28

lowest step = 60
Midpoint of lowest step= 61.5
Highest step 87
88.5
range = 27
1
Q = n/4 15 Q3 =3N/4 Fup = 22 f= 9
Fup = 16 f= 12 L= 72
3
Q = L+ (3N/4 - Fup) x I
1 (N/4 - Fup) f
Q = L+ x I
f
3
Q = 78 + (3*15) - 22
x 3
15 - 16 x 3 9
72 +
12
3
1 -1 Q = 78 + 23
Q = 72 + x 3 x 3
12 9
1
3
Q = 78 + 7.67
Q = 72 + -0.25

3
1 Q = 85.67
Q = 71.75

1 3
Q -Q 13.92
QD = = =
2 2

QD = 6.96

Ad = 11.28
QD = 6.96
Difference = 4.32

4. The average deviation is for often use in educational treatises because it is more easy to use.
Module 4 RESEARCH AND STATISTICS

Exercise and Problems -Standard Deviation

1.
x d d
2
No. of counts = N= 15
35 13.7 187.7 EX= 320
27 5.7 32.5 M= EX/N
25 3.7 13.7 M= 21.3 Ans
20 -1.3 1.7
15 -6.3 39.7 𝑆𝐷 = 𝐸𝑑 /𝑁
25 3.7 13.7
17 -4.3 18.5 SD= 6.49 Ans.
23 1.7 2.9
30 8.7 75.7
19 -2.3 5.3
15 -6.3 39.7
26 4.7 22.1
10 -11.3 127.7
15 -6.3 39.7
18 -3.3 10.9
EX= 320 631.4 =Ed
2

2.
x f d fd fd
2
Efd = -32 I=3
48 2 4 8 32 Efd
2
298
45 4 3 12 36
42 5 2 10 20
39 4 1 4 4
𝐸𝑑
36 12 0 0 0 𝑆𝐷 = 𝐼 𝐸𝑓𝑑 𝑁 − ( )^2
33 4 𝑁
-1 -4 4
30 9 -2 -18 36
27 5 -3 -15 45 −32
𝑆𝐷 = 3 298/52 − ( )^2
24 6 -4 -24 96 52
21 1 -5 -5 25
52
𝑆𝐷 = 3 5.73 − 0.38
-32 298
N= 52
N/2 = 26 SD= 3x 2.31
SD= 6.93 Ans.
Module 4 RESEARCH AND STATISTICS

Given the following class interval and frequency distribution of test scores :

2 2
Class Interval f fx mean D D fD d fd Efd
214 220 217 1 217 173 44 1936 1936 5 5 5
207 213 210 1 210 173 37 1369 1369 4 4 4
200 206 203 2 406 173 30 900 1800 3 3 3
193 199 196 7 1372 173 23 529 3703 2 4 4
186 192 189 4 756 173 16 256 1024 1 7 7
179 185 182 4 728 173 9 81 324 0 0 0
172 178 175 6 1050 173 2 4 24 -1 -4 4
165 171 168 0 0 173 -5 25 0 -2 -12 12
157 164 160.5 1 160.5 173 -12.5 156.25 156.25 -3 0 0
150 156 153 2 306 173 -20 400 800 -4 -4 4
143 149 146 0 0 173 -27 729 0 -5 -10 10
136 142 139 4 556 173 -34 1156 4624 -6 0 0
129 135 132 2 264 173 -41 1681 3362 -7 -28 28
122 128 125 1 125 173 -48 2304 2304 -8 -16 16
115 121 118 0 0 173 -55 3025 0 -9 -9 9
108 144 126 2 252 173 -47 2209 4418 -10 0 0
101 107 104 0 0 173 -69 4761 0 -11 -22 22
94 100 97 0 0 173 -76 5776 0 -12 0 0
37.0 6,402.5 - 273.5 27,297.3 25,844.3 - 82.0 128.0
18.5

I 6
Range = 120

M= EfX/N
M= 6402.5/37
M= 173.0

𝐸𝑑
𝑆𝐷 = 𝐼 𝐸𝑓𝑑 𝑁 − ( )^2
𝑁

−273.5
𝑆𝐷 = 3 25,844.25/37 − ( )^2
37
𝑆𝐷 = 3 698.49 − 54.64

SD= 3 x 25.37
SD= 76.11 Ans.
Module 4 RESEARCH AND STATISTICS

1
Q = n/4 9.25 Q3 =3N/4 Fup = 15 f= 4
Fup = 18 f= 4 L= 182
3
Q = L+ (3N/4 - Fup) x I
1 (N/4 - Fup) f
Q = L+ x I
f
3
Q = 189 + (3*37) - 15
x 6
9.25 - 18 x 6 4
182 +
12
3
1 - 8.75 Q = 189 + 23
Q = 182 + x 6 x 6
12 9
3 15.33
1 Q = 189 +
Q = 182 + - 4.38
3
1 Q = 204.33
Q = 177.625

1 3
Q -Q 26.71
QD = = =
2 2

QD = 13.35

assumed Efd EFD+(Efd/N) (Fl-Fh)

M = + x I Ad= x I
mean N N
-82 393.95
189 + x 6 x 6
37.00 37.00
393.95
M = 189 + - 12.00 x 6.00
37.00

M = 177.00 Ad= 63.88