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PD60212 revC
Description
The IR2520D(S) is a complete adaptive ballast controller and 600V half-bridge driver integrated into a single
IC for fluorescent lighting applications. The IC includes adaptive zero-voltage switching (ZVS), internal crest
factor over-current protection, as well as an integrated bootstrap FET. The heart of this IC is a voltage con-
trolled oscillator with externally programmable minimum frequency. All of the necessary ballast features are
integrated in a small 8-pin DIP or SOIC package.
RSUPPLY
DCP2 SPIRAL
CFL
BR1
MHS
VCC VB
F1 LF 1 8
LRES
IR2520D
L1 CVCC
COM HO
CBUS 2 7
CDC
CF FMIN VS CBS CSNUB
3 6
RFMIN CRES
VCO LO
L2 4 5
CVCO MLS
DCP1
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IR2520D(S)& (PbF)
Note 1: This IC contains a zener clamp structure between the chip VCO and COM, which has a nominal breakdown voltage
of 6V. Please note that this pin should not be driven by a DC, low impedance power source greater than 6V.
Note 2: This IC contains a zener clamp structure between the chip VCC and COM, which has a nominal breakdown voltage
of 15.6V. Please note that this supply pin should not be driven by a DC, low impedance power source greater than the
VCLAMP specified in the Electrical Characteristics section.
Note 3: Enough current should be supplied into the VCC pin to keep the internal 15.6V zener clamp diode on this pin
regulating its voltage, VCLAMP.
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IR2520D(S) & (PbF)
Electrical Characteristics
VCC = VBS = VBIAS = 14V +/- 0.25V, CLO=CHO=1000pF, RFMIN = 82kΩ and TA = 25°C unless otherwise specified.
Note 4: Frequency shown is nominal for RFMIN=82kΩ. Frequency can be programmed higher or lower with the value of RFMIN.
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IR2520D(S)& (PbF)
Electrical Characteristics
VCC = VBS = VBIAS = 14V +/- 0.25V, CLO=CHO=1000pF, RFMIN = 82kΩ and TA = 25°C unless otherwise specified.
Bootstrap FET
IBS1 VB current 30 70 — CBS=0.1uF,
VS=0V
mA
IBS2 VB current 10 20 — VBS = 10V
Lead Definitions
Symbol Description
VCC Supply voltage
VCC 1 8 VB
IR2520D(S)
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IR2520D(S) & (PbF)
Block Diagram
Bootstrap
FET
VCC 1
15.6V Bootstrap
FET
Control
COM 2 IFMAX
IFMIN 8 VB
S Q
5V
IVCO IQS R1 7 HO
UVLO R2
1V
6 VS
High-Voltage Well
VCO 4
VS-Sensing
SET FET
5.1V Level
Level-Shift
T Q Shift
Driver HIN RST FETs VCC
PGEN
Logic
R Q
IDT
LIN
5 LO
CT
300ns
PGEN
Fault
0.8V
Logic
S1 Q
S2 1us
R1 blank
VCC R2 Q
Averaging
S Q UVLO
4.8V Circuit
R Q x5
120uA
5V
5V
IFMIN=
RRFMIN
FMIN 3
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IR2520D(S)& (PbF)
State Diagram
Power Turned
On
VCCUV Mode
1
/2 -Bridge Off
IQCC ≅ 45 µA
VCC < 10V VVCO = 0V
(VCCUV-) VFMIN = 0V
FAULT
Mode VCC > 12.6V
(VCCUV+)
1
/2-Bridge Off
V VCO = 0V
IQCCFLT ≅100µA
VFMIN = 0V
VVCO >4.8V
(VVCO _RUN)
RUN Mode
VVCO = 6.0V, Frequency = fmin
Crest Factor Enabled
ZVS Enabled
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IR2520D(S) & (PbF)
Functional Description
high-side driver is enabled. During UVLO mode, the high- and
low-side gate driver outputs, HO and LO, are both low and
Under-voltage Lock-Out Mode pin VCO is pulled down to COM for resetting the starting
frequency to the maximum.
The under-voltage lock-out mode (UVLO) is defined as the
state the IR2520D is in when VCC is below the turn-on
threshold of the IC. The IR2520D UVLO is designed to main-
Frequency Sweep Mode
tain an ultra-low supply current (IQCCUV <80uA), and to
When VCC exceeds VCCUV+ threshold, the IR2520D enters
guarantee that the IR2520D is fully functional before the
frequency sweep mode. An internal current source (Figure
high- and low-side output gate drivers are activated. The
2) charges the external capacitor on pin VCO, CVCO, and
VCC capacitor, CVCC, is charged by current through sup-
the voltage on pin VCO starts ramping up linearly. An addi-
ply resistor, RSUPPLY, minus the start-up current drawn by
tional quick-start current (IVCOQS) is also connected to the
the IR2520D (Figure 1). This resistor is chosen to provide
VCO pin and charges the VCO pin initially to 0.85V. When the
sufficient current to supply the IR2520D from the DC bus.
VCO voltage exceeds 0.85V, the quick-start current is then
Once the capacitor voltage on VCC reaches the start-up
disconnected internally and the VCO voltage continues to
threshold, VCCUV+, the IR2520D turns on and HO and LO
charge up with the normal frequency sweep current source
start oscillating. Capacitor CVCC should be large enough to
(IVCOFS) (Figure 3). This quick-start brings the VCO voltage
hold the voltage at VCC above the VCCUV+ threshold for
quickly to the internal range of the VCO. The frequency ramps
one half-cycle of the line voltage or until the external auxil-
down towards the resonance frequency of the high-Q bal-
iary supply can maintain the required supply voltage and
last output stage causing the lamp voltage and load current to
current to the IC.
increase. The voltage on pin VCO continues to increase and
DCBUS(+)
the frequency keeps decreasing until the lamp ignites. If the
lamp ignites successfully, the voltage on pin VCO continues
to increase until it internally limits at 6V (VVCO_MAX). The
RSUPPLY
frequency stops decreasing and stays at the minimum fre-
DCP2
quency as programmed by an external resistor, RFMIN, on
MHS pin FMIN. The minimum frequency should be set below the
VCC
1 Bootstrap 8
VB
high-Q resonance frequency of the ballast output stage to
FET
CVCC
COM Driver
High-
HO
TO LOAD
ensure that the frequency ramps through resonance for lamp
2 15.6V 7
FMIN
CLAMP and
Low- VS CBS CSNUB
ignition (Figure 4). The desired preheat time can be set by
adjusting the slope of the VCO ramp with the external capaci-
side
3 VCC 6
Driver
RFMIN
LO
tor CVCO.
VCO
UVLO
4 5
CVCO
MLS
DCBUS(+)
DCP1
RSUPPLY
DCP2
CVCC Driver
An internal bootstrap MOSFET between VCC and VB and
COM HO
High- TO LOAD
2 15.6V 7
CLAMP and
VCO Driver
age for the high-side driver circuitry. An external charge RFMIN
VCO LO
4 5
pump circuit consisting of capacitor CSNUB and diodes DCP1 CVCO
MLS
first pulse from the output drivers comes from the LO pin.
LO may oscillate several times until VB-VS exceeds the DCBUS(-) LOAD RETURN
high-side UVLO rising threshold, VBSUV+ (9 Volts), and the Fig. 2 Frequency sweep circuitry mode circuitry
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IR2520D(S)& (PbF)
fmin
DCBUS(+)
RSUPPLY
diagram.
MHS
VCC VB
1 Bootstrap 8
FET
CVCC Driver
COM HO
High- TO LOAD
2 15.6V 7
CLAMP and
FMIN Low- VS CBS CSNUB
side
3 6
VCO Driver
RFMIN
VCO LO
4 5
CVCO Fault
Logic MLS
VS
Sense
High -Q
Vout
Vin Ignition DCP1
Run
Start Non Zero-Voltage Switching (ZVS) Protection
Low -Q
During run mode, if the voltage at the VS pin has not slewed
entirely to COM during the dead-time such that there is
fmin fmax Frequency voltage between the drain and source of the external low-
side half-bridge MOSFET when LO turns-on, then the system
is operating too close to, or, on the capacitive side of,
Fig. 4 Resonant tank Bode plot with lamp operating resonance. The result is non-ZVS capacitive-mode
points. switching that causes high peak currents to flow in the
half-bridge MOSFETs that can damage or destroy them
(Figure 6). This can occur due to a lamp filament failure(s),
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IR2520D(S) & (PbF)
lamp removal (open circuit), a dropping DC bus during a open circuit (Figure 7). This will cause capacitive switching
mains brown-out or mains interrupt, lamp variations over (hard-switching) resulting in high peak MOSFET currents
time, or component variations. To protect against this, an that can damage them. The IR2520D will increase the fre-
internal high-voltage MOSFET is turned on at the turn-off of quency in attempt to satisfy ZVS until the VCO pin de-
HO and the VS-sensing circuit measures VS at each rising creases below 0.82V (VVCOSD). The IC will enter Fault
edge of LO. If the VS voltage is non-zero, a pulse of current Mode and latch the LO and HO gate driver outputs ‘low’ for
is sinked from the VCO pin (Figures 5 and 6) to slightly turning the half-bridge off safely before any damage can
discharge the external capacitor, CVCO, causing the occur to the MOSFETs.
frequency to increase slightly. The VCO capacitor then
charges up during the rest of the cycle slowly due to the
internal current source. RUN MODE FAULT MODE
VLO
VLO VHO
VHO
VVS !
VVS
!
!
IMLS
IL
IMHS
IMLS !
IMHS VVCO
0.85V
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IR2520D(S)& (PbF)
over-current fault. By using the RDSon of the external low- faults. This can occur when a half-bridge MOSFET is
side MOSFET for current sensing and the VS-sensing selected that has an RDSon that is too large for the application
circuitry, the IR2520D eliminates the need for an additional causing the internal average to exceed the maximum limit.
current sensing resistor, filter and current-sensing pin. To
cancel changes in the RDSon value due to temperature and
MOSFET variations, the IR2520D performs a crest factor FAULT MODE
measurement that detects when the peak current exceeds
the average current by a factor of 5 (CSCF). Measuring the During Run Mode, should the VCO voltage decrease below
crest factor is ideal for detecting when the inductor saturates 0.82V (VVCOSD) or a crest factor fault occur, the IR2520D
due to excessive current that occurs in the resonant tank will enter Fault Mode (see State Diagram). The LO and HO
when the frequency sweeps through resonance and the gate driver outputs are both latched ‘low’ so that the half-
lamp does not ignite. When the VCO voltage ramps up for bridge is disabled. The VCO pin is pulled low to COM and
the first time from zero, the resonant tank current and the FMIN pin decreases from 5V to COM. VCC draws
voltages increase as the frequency decreases towards micro-power current (I CCFLT) so that VCC stays at the
resonance (Figure 8). If the lamp does not ignite, the inductor clamp voltage and the IC remains in Fault Mode without the
current will eventually saturate but the crest factor fault need for the charge-pump auxiliary supply. To exit Fault
protection is not active until the VCO voltage exceeds 4.8V Mode and return to Frequency Sweep Mode, VCC must be
(VVCO_RUN) for the first time. The frequency will continue cycled below the UVLO- threshold and back above the
decreasing to the capacitive side of resonance towards UVLO+ threshold.
the minimum frequency setting and the resonant tank current
and voltages will decrease again. When the VCO voltage
exceeds 4.8V (VVCO_RUN), the IC enters Run Mode and LO
the non-ZVS protection and crest factor protection are both
enabled. The non-ZVS protection will increase the AVG*5 Inductor
saturation
frequency again cycle-by-cycle towards resonance from IMLS
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IR2520D(S) & (PbF)
16
50
14
VCCUV+ 40
VCCUV+,-(V
IQCCUV(uA)
12 30
10 20
VCCUV-
10
8
0
6
-25 0 25 50 75 100 125 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125
Temperature(°C) Temperature(C)
12 100
80
VBSUV+,-(V)
IQBSUV(uA)
10
VBSUV+ 60
40
8
VBSUV-
20
6 0
-25 0 25 50 75 100 125 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125
Temperature(°C) Temperature(°C)
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IR2520D(S)& (PbF)
100 90
90 80
80
VVCO=0V 70 20 K
Frequency(kHz)
70
60 40 K
Freq(KHz)
60
50
60 K
50 80 K
40
40
100 K
30
30
VVCO=5V 120 K
20
20
140 K
10 10
0 0
-25 0 25 50 75 100 125 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125
Temperature(C) Temperature(C)
100
93
90
-25
92
80 25 -25
Frequency(kHz))
Frequency(kHz)
70 75 91 25
125 75
60 90 125
50
89
40
88
30
20 87
10
86
0
12 13 14 15 16
1 2 3 4 5 6
VCO(V) Temperature(C)
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IR2520D(S) & (PbF)
2
2.5
1.8
TDHO
1.6
2
1.4
IVCOFS(uA)
TDLO 1.2
1.5
1
TD (uS)
0.8
1
0.6
0.4
0.5
0.2
0
0 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125
-25 0 25 50 75 100 125
Temperature(°C)
Temperature(°C)
7 10
9
8
6.5
7
VVCO_MAX (V)
VCSCF
6
5
6
4
3
5.5 2
1
0
5 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
-25 0 25 50 75 100 125
VS OFFSET(V)
Temperature(C)
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IR2520D(S)& (PbF)
10 1.5
1.25
8
VVCO_SD (V)
1
6
0.75
CSCF
4 0.5
0.25
2
0
0 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125
-25 0 25 50 75 100 125
Temperature (°C)
Temperature(°C)
6 100
5
80
4
VFMIN(V)
IBS1(mA)
60
3
40
2
1 20
0
0
-25 0 25 50 75 100 125
-25 0 25 50 75 100 125
Temperature(C) Temperature(°C)
( )
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IR2520D(S) & (PbF)
30
25
20
IBS2(mA)
15
10
0
-25 0 25 50 75 100 125
Temperature(°C)
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IR2520D(S)& (PbF)
Case outlines
01-6014
IR2520D 8-Lead PDIP 01-3003 01 (MS-001AB)
INCHES MILLIMETERS
D B DIM
MIN MAX MIN MAX
A 5 FOOTPRINT A .0532 .0688 1.35 1.75
A1 .0040 .0098 0.10 0.25
8X 0.72 [.028]
b .013 .020 0.33 0.51
8 7 6 5 c .0075 .0098 0.19 0.25
6 H D .189 .1968 4.80 5.00
E E .1497 .1574 3.80 4.00
0.25 [.010] A
1 2 3 4 6.46 [.255] e .050 BASIC 1.27 BASIC
e1 .025 BASIC 0.635 BASIC
H .2284 .2440 5.80 6.20
K .0099 .0196 0.25 0.50
L .016 .050 0.40 1.27
6X e 3X 1.27 [.050] 8X 1.78 [.070] y 0° 8° 0° 8°
e1 K x 45°
A
C y
0.10 [.004]
A1 8X L 8X c
8X b
7
0.25 [.010] C A B
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IR2520D(S) & (PbF)
Pin 1 ?XXXX
Identifier
Lot Code
? MARKING CODE (Prod mode - 4 digit SPN code)
P Lead Free Released
Non-Lead Free
Released
Assembly site code
Per SCOP 200-002
ORDER INFORMATION
IR WORLD HEADQUARTERS: 233 Kansas St., El Segundo, California 90245 Tel: (310) 252-7105
This product has been qualified per industrial level MSL-3
Data and specifications subject to change without notice. 3/1/2005
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