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UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA

PEPERIKSAAN AKHIR SEMESTER II
FINAL EXAMINATION SEMESTER II
SESI 2020/2021
SESSION 2020/2021
FAKULTI TEKNOLOGI KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRIK DAN ELEKTRONIK

KOD KURSUS
COURSE CODE
: BEEE 4814
KURSUS : PENGGERAK DAN PEMACU
COURSE : ACTUATORS AND DRIVES
PENYELARAS SYED MOHAMAD SHAZALI BIN SYED
COORDINATOR
: ABDUL HAMID
PROGRAM
PROGRAMME
: 3BEEI, 3BEEA
MASA : 2.15 PETANG – 4.15 PETANG
TIME : 2.15 A.M – 10.30 A.M
TEMPOH : 2 JAM
DURATION : 2 HOURS
TARIKH : 1 FEBRUARI 2021
DATE : 1st FEBRUARY 2021
TEMPAT : DEWAN 7
VENUE : HALL 7

ARAHAN KEPADA CALON

INSTRUCTION TO CANDIDATES

ANSWERS
1. Jawab SEMUA soalan pada Seksyen A dan SATU (1) soalan sahaja daripada DUA
(2) soalan pada Seksyen B.
Answer ALL question on Section A and ONE (1) questions only out of TWO (2) questions on
Section B.

2. Tuliskan semua jawapan anda di atas kertas jawapan.

Write your answer on the answer sheet.

3. Setiap jawapan kepada soalan hendaklah dimulakan di muka surat yang baru.
Each answers to the question should be written in a new page.

KERTAS SOALAN INI TERDIRI DARIPADA ( 12 ) MUKA SURAT SAHAJA

(TERMASUK MUKA SURAT HADAPAN)
THIS QUESTION PAPER CONTAINS ( 12 ) PAGES INCLUSIVE OF FRONT PAGE

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BAHAGIAN A : JAWAB SEMUA SOALAN

PART A : ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS

QUESTION 1

(a) A controlled full wave rectifier circuit is shown in Figure Q1(a). From the circuit:
(i) Show that the output voltage of such circuit is given by , where α is the angle
interval between the forward biasing of the SCR and the gate signal
application. A related waveform must be drawn to aid your answer.
[4 marks]
SOLUTION:

2 marks

2 marks

(ii) Let the load is RL with R = 10 ohm and L = 100 mH. The delay angle, α = 60 o.
The circuit is continuous mode or discontinuous mode? Justify your answer.
[4 marks]

SOLUTION:
2 marks
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2 marks

(iii) For the circuit described in Q1(c)(ii), calculate the DC (average) component of
the current. Then, determine the power absorbed by the load.
[5 marks]

Figure Q1(a)

1 mark

2 marks

2 marks

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(b) Design a Buck converter to produce an output voltage of 18 V across a 10-ohm load
resistor. The output voltage ripple must not exceed 0.5 percent. The DC supply is 48
V, design for continuous inductor current. A complete Buck converter circuit with all
the calculated parameters must be drawn. For this design, specify your duty ratio to be
0.375. The frequency is set to be 40 kHz. Assume ideal components in your design.
[12 marks]

SOLUTION:

1 mark

2 mark

1 mark
(students may choose any value larger than Lmin)

1 mark

1 mark

2 marks

2 marks

2 marks

(correct BUCK converter circuit will all calculated values = 1 mark)

[25 MARKS]

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QUESTION 2
(a) A separately excited DC motor is driving an elevator at a load torque of 300 Nm and
the motor speed of 100 rpm. The motor terminal voltage is 210 V and the field
constant ka is 3 Vsec.

(i) If the terminal voltage is reversed and reduced to 90 V, calculate the steady
state speed of the motor.
[4 marks]
Tm = 300 Nm; m = 2π/60 x 100 = 10.47 rad/s;
Vt = 210 V; ka = 3 Vsec.

Terminal voltage reversed & reduced to 90 V, steady state speed of the motor.
New steady state speed at point 5,
speed

2 1
V1
V2

3 torque

-TL TL

Tm 300
Ia    100 A
ka 3

Ea  kam1  3  10.47  31.41 V

Vt  Ea 210  31.41
Ra    1.78 
Ia 100

90 1.78
m 5   2 (300)  89.3 rad/s
3 3
nm5  852.8 rpm

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(ii) Determine the terminal voltage that is required to stop the rotor.
[4 marks]
V3 Ra
m 3   Tm
ka (k a )2
RaTm
V3  kam 3 
ka
But m3  0 ,

RaTm 1.78  300

V3    1.78 V
ka 3
Terminal voltage must be reduced from 210 V to 178 V in order to stop the motor
(standstill).

(i) By sketching the speed-torque characteristics graph, point out all the operating
conditions.
[4 marks]

speed

2 1
V1
V2

3 torque

-TL TL

Operating point
1 - motor
2 - generator
3 - holding
4 - motor

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Tm 300
Ia    100 A
ka 3

Ea  kam1  3  10.47  31.41 V

Vt  Ea 210  31.41
Ra    1.78 
Ia 100

90 1.78
m 5   2 (300)  89.3 rad/s
3 3
nm5  852.8 rpm

(b) A shunt DC motor drives a centrifugal pump at a speed of 1000 rpm when the terminal
voltage is 200 V and line current is 50 A. The armature and field resistances are 0.1 Ω
and 100 Ω, respectively.
(i) Calculate a starting resistance for a maximum starting current of 120 A in the
armature circuit.
[4 marks]

Starting resistance for a maximum starting current 120 A in the armature circuit.

At starting point,
Ea  0
Vt  I a ( Ra  Radd )
Vt 200
Radd   Ra   0.1  1.56 
Ia 120

(ii) Determine the value of resistance that should be added to the armature circuit
to reduce the speed to 800 rpm.
[5 marks]
Vt 200
Ia  I   50   48 A
Rt 100
Ea  Vt  I a Ra  200  48(0.1)  195.2 V
Ea 195.2
ka    1.86 Vsec
m 104.72
Tm  ka I a  1.86  48  89.5 Nm

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m 2 800
Ea 2  Ea1   195.2   156.16 V
m1 1000
V  Ea 2  I a Ra 200  156.16  48(0.1)
Radd  t   0.813 
Ia 48

(iii) If the terminal voltage is reduced by 25%, determine the speed of the motor.
[4 marks]
Vt 2  0.75Vt  150 V
Ea 2  Vt 2  I a Ra  150  48(0.1)  145.2 V
Ea 2 145.2
m 2    78.06 rad/s
ka 1.86
nm  745.46 rpm

[25 MARKS]

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PART B: ANSWER ONE QUESTION

QUESTION 3

(a) Design a pneumatic circuit which operate a pneumatic piston in the following
condition
 A double-acting cylinder can only be advanced when a pushbutton is activated and
the cylinder is in the retracted end position; otherwise it’s not possible to insert a
work piece for machining.
 The clamping cylinder should be held in the advanced end position until the work
piece has been machined. Machining time may vary.
 The work piece is released by pressing a second pushbutton.
[8 marks]

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(b) The paper web being discharged from the outlet of a paper machine is wound onto a
roll. The roll of paper is removed by means of an unloading system. The unloading
system is operated with the help of hydraulic rams as shown in Figure Q3(b)(i).

Description of the process:

 When the hydraulic power unit is switched on, hydraulic fluid delivered by the pump
flows directly to the cylinder. The cylinder is retracted.
 A normally closed 2/2-way hand lever valve is installed into a branch line which leads
directly to the tank. The cylinder advances when the 2/2-way hand lever valve is
actuated. The advancing speed should be adjustable.
 A non-return valve is used to assure that no hydraulic fluid is forced back into the
pump.

Analyze the hydraulic circuit diagram in Figure Q3(b)(ii) and complete the circuit
based on the description of the process.
[6 marks]

Figure Q3(b)(i) Figure Q3(b)(ii)

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(c) A rotary indexing machine in Figure Q3(c) is used for feeding workpieces in a
production process. The workpieces have to be clamped in individual workpiece
holders for machining. A clamping tool is to be developed and tested by means of a
test set-up.
Procedure:
 A double-acting cylinder can only be advanced when a pushbutton is activated and
the cylinder is in the retracted end position; otherwise it is not possible to insert a
workpiece for machining.
 The clamping cylinder should be held in the advanced end position until the
workpiece has been machined. Machining time may vary.
 The workpiece is released by pressing a second pushbutton.

(i) Based on the pneumatic circuit diagram in Figure Q3(c)(i), the rotary indexing
machine cannot work according to the abovementioned procedure. Identify the
problem in the pneumatic circuit diagram.
[5 marks]

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5/2 way valve cannot be actuated because AND valve as well as magnetic roller is not
working
Connection for port 1 of 5/2 way valve is not correct.
Return spring is not required in this diagram.

(ii) Suggest new solution by redrawing the correct pneumatic circuit diagram to
solve the problem in Q2(c)(i).

Figure Q2(c)

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Figure Q2(c)(i)
[6 marks]

[25 MARKS]

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QUESTION 4

(a) With a neat sketch, demonstrate an indirect control of a double acting cylinder.
[8 marks]

(b) Figure Q4(b)(i) shows the circuit diagram of an automatic indirect control for electro
pneumatic system operation.

(i) Explain the entire circuit operation, as shown in Figure Q4(b)(ii), when an
operator presses push button S1 and followed by push button S2.
[7 marks]

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Initial In its initial position, cylinder 1A1 is in the rear end-position.

position
When pushbutton S1 (NO contact) is activated, relay K1 is picked up and
changeover contact K1 in current path 3 is closed.
The electrical circuit of solenoid coil 1M1 is closed. 5/2-way double solenoid
valve 1V1 is reversed as aresult.
Step 1-
The piston end of cylinder 1A1 is pressurized while the piston rod end is
2
exhausted. The piston rod in cylinder 1A1 advances.
As soon as pushbutton S1 (NO contact) is no longer activated, relay K1 is
released and changeover contact K1 in current path 3 is opened.
The electrical circuit of solenoid coil 1M1 is opened.
When pushbutton S2 (NO contact) is activated, relay K2 is picked up and
changeover contact K2 in current path 4 is closed.
Step 2- The electrical circuit of solenoid coil 1M2 is closed. As a result, 5/2-way double
3 solenoid valve 1V1 isreturned to its initial position.
The piston rod end of cylinder 1A1 is pressurized while the piston end is
exhausted. The piston rod in cylinder 1A1 travels to the rear end-position.
As soon as pushbutton S2 (NO contact) is no longer activated, relay K2 is
released and changeovercontact K2 opens.
The electrical circuit of solenoid coil 1M2 is opened.

(ii) The supply pressure at port 1 is 6 bars. Double acting cylinder takes 5 s to reach
its advanced end-position. Suggest a solution to reduce the time taken by the
cylinder to 7 s. Comment your answer.
Note: One-way flow control valves are open 100%.

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Figure Q4(b)
[5 marks]
(7-5) / 5 x 100% = 40% (2m)
One-way control valve at the right side should be opened 40% to reduce the cylinder
speed and increase the time taken by the cylinder. (3m)

(c) Rating plates are pressed into valve housings at a workstation as shown in Figure Q4 (c)
(i). Firstly, the labels are inserted into recesses in the valve housings. Then they are
pressed into place with a pressing cylinder. The valve housings are clamped by
pressing a pushbutton. The pressing process is started once the valve housing has been
clamped. Both cylinders should be retracted after the pressing cylinder has reached its
advanced end-position.
Parameters:
 The pressing process is started using a push button, 1S1.
 A single-acting cylinder, 1A1 will be used to clamp the valve housings.
 A roller lever valve, 1B2 will be used to detect whether the clamping cylinder has
reached its advanced end position.
 A double-acting cylinder, 2A1 will be used as a pressing cylinder.
 A limit switch, 2B1 and 2B2 will be used to detect whether the clamping cylinder
has reached its position.
 The feed speeds of both the clamping and the pressing cylinders should be
adjustable.

Analyze the circuit and complete the circuit diagram of the pneumatic system using
Figure Q4(c)(ii).

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Figure Q4(c)(i) Figure Q4(c)(ii)

[5 marks]
Answer

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