Russell C.

Hibbeler

Chapter 4: Axial Load

Chapter 4: Axial Load
Mechanics of Material 7th Edition
© 2008 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
 Saint-Venant’s Principle
 Saint-Venant’s principle states that both localized
deformation and stress tend to “even out” at a
distance sufficiently removed from these regions.

Chapter 4: Axial Load

Mechanics of Material 7th Edition
© 2008 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
 Elastic Deformation of an Axially Loaded Member
 Using Hooke’s law and the definitions of stress and
strain, we are able to develop the elastic deformation
of a member subjected to axial loads.
 Suppose an element subjected to loads,
P(x ) dδ
σ= and ε =
A( x ) P( x )dx
L
dx
δ =∫
0
A( x )E

Chapter 4: Axial Load
Mechanics of Material 7th Edition
© 2008 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
δ = small displacement
L = original length
P(x) = internal axial force
A(x) = cross-sectional area
E = modulus of elasticity
 Elastic Deformation of an Axially Loaded Member
Constant Load and Cross-Sectional Area
 When a constant external force is applied at each
end of the member,

PL
δ=
AE

Chapter 4: Axial Load

Mechanics of Material 7th Edition
© 2008 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
 Elastic Deformation of an Axially Loaded Member
Sign Convention
 Force and displacement is positive when tension and
elongation and negative will be compression and
contraction.

Chapter 4: Axial Load

Mechanics of Material 7th Edition
© 2008 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
 Case 1

Chapter 4: Axial Load

Mechanics of Material 7th Edition
© 2008 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
 Case 1

Chapter 4: Axial Load

Mechanics of Material 7th Edition
© 2008 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
 Case 1

Chapter 4: Axial Load

Mechanics of Material 7th Edition
© 2008 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
 Case 2

Chapter 4: Axial Load

Mechanics of Material 7th Edition
© 2008 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Chapter 4: Axial Load
Mechanics of Material 7th Edition
© 2008 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
 Case 3

Chapter 4: Axial Load

Mechanics of Material 7th Edition
© 2008 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
 Case 4

Chapter 4: Axial Load

Mechanics of Material 7th Edition
© 2008 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
 Case 4

Chapter 4: Axial Load

Mechanics of Material 7th Edition
© 2008 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
 Case 4

Chapter 4: Axial Load

Mechanics of Material 7th Edition
© 2008 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
 Case 5

Chapter 4: Axial Load

Mechanics of Material 7th Edition
© 2008 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Chapter 4: Axial Load
Mechanics of Material 7th Edition
© 2008 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd
Chapter 4: Axial Load
Mechanics of Material 7th Edition
© 2008 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd