1. In places like Saudi Arabia, freshwater is scarce and is recovered from seawater.

When seawater is boiled, the water evaporates and the steam can be condensed to
give pure water that people can drink. If all the water is evaporated, solid salt is left
behind. Are the changes described here chemical or physical? What is the difference
of chemical and physical changes?

Physical changes

2. Consider the following four samples of matter

What is the differences of these pictures? Please determine and explain the
differences of four samples above.
Answer :
a. Diatomic molecules (homogen)
b. Diatomic molecules (heterogen)
c. Poliatomic molecules (compound)
d. Atom/monoatomic elements

3. A certain solution contains 16.9 g of HNO3 dissolved in 125 mL of solution. Water is

added until the volume is 175 mL.
a. Write the name of the formula
Nitric Acid (Asam Nitrat)
b. Draw the Lewis Structure of the formula.
 c. What is the molarity of HNO3 in the final solution?
M1=n/V
=16.9 g /63 g/mol = 0,268

V1.M1=V2M2
0,125 L . 2.15 = 1,75 L. M2

M2 = 1,53

4. The reaction CO( g ) + H2O( g ) ⇄ CO2( g ) + H2( g ) has Kc = 4.06 at 500 °C. If 0.100 mol
of CO and 0.100 mol of H2O( g ) are placed in a 1.00 liter reaction vessel at this
temperature, what are the concentrations of the reactants and products when the
system reaches equilibrium? Determine the value of Kp.
CO H2 O CO2 H2
I 0,1 0,1
C -x -x x x
E 0,1-x 0,1-x x x

[ CO 2 ][ H 2 ]
Kc=
[ CO ][ H 2O ]
[ x ][ x ]
4,06=
[ 0,1−x ][ 0,1−x ]
[ x ][ x ]
4,06=
[ 0,1−x ][ 0,1−x ]

√ ( [ x ][ x ] )
√ 4,06=
√( [ 0,1−x ][ 0,1−x ] )
x
2,01=
0,1−x
x = 2,01(0,1- x)
x = 0.201 - 2.01x
x + 2.01x = 0.201
3.01x = 0.201
x = 0.0668

Subsitusikan ke dalam persamaan saat kesetimbangan

[CO] = 0.100 - x = 0.100 - 0.0668 = 0.033 M
[H2O] = 0.100 - x = 0.100 - 0.0668 = 0.033 M
[CO2] = x = 0.0668 M
 [H2] = x = 0.0668 M

5. These data were collected for the reaction between hydrogen and nitric oxide at
700oC:

(a) Determine the order of the reaction.

(b) Calculate the rate constant.

Answer :
V=k [H2]x[NO]y
V=k [H2]x[NO]y 4 = [2]y
Y=2
2,4×10-6 = k [0,01]x[0,025]y
1,2×10-6 = k [0,005]x[0,025]y
Rate constant
x
2 = [2]
X=1 V=k [H2]x[NO]y

V=k [H2]x[NO]y 2,4×10-6 =k [0,01]1[0,025]2

V=k [H2]x[NO]y
2,4×10-6 =k [0,0000625]
2,4×10 = [0,01] [0,025]
-6 x y
K = 2,4×10-6/[0,0000625]
0,6×10-6 = [0,01]x[0,0125]y K= 0,384

6. Hydrogen peroxide, H2O2, decomposes into water and oxygen by the following eq

Answer :
7. Given the two half reactions, what would be E°cell for the reaction:

Ni(s) + H2O2(aq) + 2H+(aq) → 2H2O + Ni2+(aq)

Eocell = Eokatoda - Eoanoda

=1.77-(-0.25)

=2.02