NOUN, ADJECTIVE, VERB and ADVERB

While we are learning English,we need to know kind of words. we need to know

about that because, words are the main element to make a sentence, and our aim in

learning a language is making, delivering and understanding sentences.

now, without any further do, let’s discuss aboout that.

In English..there are 4 main words that we need to know. those are

NOUN = Kata Benda

Adjective = Kata Sifat

VERB = Kata Kerja

ADVERB = Kata keterangan

Let’s discuss about it , one by one.

1. NOUN

A noun is a word that functions as the name of some specific thing or set of

things, such as living creatures, objects, places, actions. In a sentence, Noun is

in the posistion of Subject or Object

living creatures : cat , elephant, flower, Philip

Object : stone, water, rain, bicycle, car, computer

Places : river, of fice, restaurant, hospital, lake

Actions : kick, glance, smile

There are two type of NOUN, Countable and Uncountable Noun

A. Countable Noun means Benda yang dapat dihitung

exmple: pencil, plate, spoon, knive, book etc

Countable Noun is devided into TWO :

A.1. Singular Noun : Benda tunggal

pencil, plate, box, book, bridge,

A.2. Plural Noun : Benda jamak

Formula : NOUN + S/ES

pencil  pencil box  boxes

plate  plates bridge  bridges

book  books

NOTE:

 There are some irregular nouns, they change from singular to plural

without following the ordinary pattern or they do not change at all;

Example:
  Here are some rules to change Singular noun in to Plural Noun

2. ADJECTIVE

An adjective is a word that modifies a noun or noun phrase or describes its

referent.
 NOTE

When an adjective / adjectives modifies a noun it appears before

noun.

Example:

Beautiful girl  beautiful = adjective ; Girl = Noun

Smart young man smart and young = adjective; man = noun

3. VERB

Verb is a word used to describe an action, state, or occurrence, and forming

the main part of the predicate of a sentence, such as hear, become, happen.

The basic form of a verb is known as its infinitive. The forms call, love,

break, and go are all infinitives.

A verb will change its form while it is used in different time.

When a Verb is used in the past (V2) or perfect times (V3), it will change. it

may change regularly or irregulary. that is why, in this case,Verb is defided

into two, Regular and Irregular Verb.

A. Reguar Verb

A verb that, when it is used in past or perfect time, changes in the same

pattern.

Formula : V1 + d/ed

Example:

Walk  walked book  booked hope  hoped

Talk  talked rent  rented

borrow  borrowed want  wanted

 B. Irregular Verb

A verb that, when it is used in past or perfect time, changes without any

pattern or does not change at all. The numbers are limited.

example of irregular verb:

 Verbs that change without any pattern:

see  saw bring  brought

run  ran understand  understood

buy  bought take  took

meet  met send  sent

 Verbs that doesn’t change at all

hit  hit read  read

put  put

cut  cut

NOTE:

There are several kinds of VERB

A verb that, when it is used in past or perfect time,

4. ADVERB
An adverb is a word/a set of words that modifies verbs, adjectives, and

other adverbs. It tells when, where, and hogw an action is performed or

indicates the quality or degree of the action.

There are 6 kinds of Adverb. Those are :

NOTE :

Adverb of manner is mostly formed of : ADJECTIVE + ly