ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING: An Introductory Course

Name:________________________________ Date:______________________

ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING MOCK EXAMINATION

Basic Concepts, History of Planning, History of Settlements

1. Presidential Decree 1308 Sec.2a defines it as referring to "all activities concerned with the management and
development of land, as well as the preservation, conservation and management of the human environment."
(A) Urban Planning (B) Human Ecology (C) Environmental Management (D) Environmental Planning

2. According to RA 9275 Sec 4, it refers to the entire system which covers conservation, regulation and minimization of
pollution, clean production, waste management, environmental law and policy, environmental education and
information, study and mitigation of environmental impacts of human activity, and environmental research.
(A) Environmental and Natural Resources Development (C) Environmental Management
(B) Regional Planning (D) Environmental Planning

3. These are areas of less than 500 people per km 2 whose inhabitants are primarily engaged in agriculture or in extraction
of raw materials, with dwellings which are spaced widely apart and often with little or no services or utilities such as
power, piped water, sewerage, roads, etc.
(A) Tribe (B) Purok (C) Provincial (D) Rural (E) Hamlet

4. As defined by PD 1517 and by National Statistics Office, 'urban' area has the following characteristics except one:
(A) it exports substantial quantities of processed products
(B) core district's density is at least 500 per square kilometer
(C) overall density is at least 1000 persons per square kilometer in its entirety
(D) exhibits a street pattern

5. The most recent re-definition of 'urban' by NSCB (2003) does not include one of the following.
(A) if a barangay has more fishery output and shellcraft activities compared to farms, then it is considered urban;
(B) if a barangay has population size of 5,000 or more, then it is considered urban;
(C) if a barangay has at least one establishment with 100 employees or more, then it is considered urban;
(D) if a barangay has 5 or more establishments with a minimum of 10 employees, and 5 or more facilities within the
two-kilometer radius from the barangay hall, then it is considered urban

Theories of Spatial Planning, Concepts of Regional Planning

6. This school of thought claims that cities or human settlements can be studied as though they are biological organisms
subject to laws of evolution, natural selection, competition, adaptation, survival of the fittest, decline, and death.
(A) Dialectical Historical Materialism (C) Frankfurt School of Social Critical Theory
(B) AnarchoSyndicalism by Saul David Alinsky (D) Chicago school of human ecology

7. This school of thought holds that settlements form in a balanced manner; they tend to be spread evenly and
symmetrically in isotropic space, displaying both hierarchy and equilibrium arising from the interdependence in
between big and small settlements and from the complementation between their respective scope of functions.
(A) Galaxy of Settlements Theory (B) Central Place Theory (C) Geographic Determinism (D) Dependency Theory

8. This school of thought maintains that cities are 'theaters of capital accumulation,' largely a consequence of class-
based struggle among groups for strategic dominance and control of surplus. Such conflict is usually won by the rich and
powerful through agents of capital such as multi-national corporations which use the city to amass wealth by raising
property values through commercialization, gentrification, manipulation, and land speculation.
(A) Capital Theoretic Model (B) Political Economy (C) Natural Capitalism (D) David Harvey's Circuits of Capital

9. This school of thought describes a borderless global economy characterized by free trade and free movement of capital
wherein nation-states would have 'lean and mean' governments which pursue policies of liberalization, deregulation,
privatization, de-bureaucratization, 'unbundling,' 'de-coupling,' and similar structural adjustments.
(A) World Systems Theory (B) State Corporatism (C) Neo-Liberalism (D) Liberal Democracy

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 10. ln Walter Christaller's Central Place Theory, the catchment area of a central place takes the shape of a hexagon rather
than a perfect circle. If a particular service or function such as elementary school enrolment is represented by the formula,
'C = 2.6r2d,' what would be the catchment area of elementary school if its radius is 0.50 km and diameter is one km?
(A) 0.65 sq.km (B) 0.75 sq,km © 0.85 sq.km (D) 0.95 sq.km

Land Use Process, Physical Planning, Transport, and Disaster

11. According to RA 8749, this geographic-based document integrates primary data and information on natural resources
and anthropogenic activities on the land as evaluated using various risk assessment and forecasting
methodologies, and valuates environment quality and carrying capacity of an area in such a way that enables
Planners and government decision-makers to anticipate the type of development control necessary in the planning area
(A) Natural Resources lnventory (B) Environmental Accounting (C) Biogeographic Compendium (D) Eco-Profile

12. In the SEPP, 'geology' covers subsurface conditions, seismic fault lines, bedrock, and minerals while 'patterns of
precipitation, temperature, humidity, and wind' are discussed under
A) Atmospheric and Astro-physical Sciences (B) Hydrology (C) Climate (D) Agro-ecology

13. This process defines the physical platform of development at the local level, and proceeds by systematically evaluating
alternative patterns of resource use, choosing that use which meets specified goals, and drawing-up appropriate
policies and programs, directed to the best use of land in view of accepted objectives, and of environmental and societal
opportunities and constraints.
(A) Framework Planning (B) Strategic Planning (C) Land Use Planning (D) Development Planning

14. This document consists of specific proposals to guide growth in a locality including statements about community goals,
priorities, strategies, and socially-desired mix of resource uses. These are illustrated by maps, diagrams, charts, tables
that show a coherent spatial framework for environment protection, economic production, settlements, and
infrastructure,
A) Charrette (B) Chatroulette (C) Comprehensive Land Use Plan (D) Strategic Plan (E) Framework Plan

15. ln contrast to the long-term skeletal/circulatory framework, this is the overall medium-term action plan utilized by every
local administration to develop socio-economic development projects and implement sectoral, cross-sectoral, and
multi-sectoral programs to be translated into public investment measures and incentives to private investment.
(A) Comprehensive Land Use Plan (B) Blueprint (C) Comprehensive Development Plan (D) Master Plan

Methods of Research, Demography, Shelter, Social Services

16. This refers to population-focused planning that seeks to enhance people's capacities to meet their own needs through
improvements in Social infrastructure such as mass shelter, Schools, hospitals, daycare, rehab Centers, homes for the
aged, etc. and the provision of public utilities, water, power, sewerage, parks, and cemeteries.
(A) Population Management (B) Social Welfare Development (C) Infrastructure Planning (D) Social Planning

17. This theory propounded by James S. Coleman (1988), Robert Putnam (1993), Diane Carney (1998) and adopted by
UNDP (1997), looks at collective non-market assets of people such as trust, solidarity, norms of reciprocity, common
purpose, equality and other resources that are inherent in social relations and embedded in social networks.
(A) Theory of Social Change (B) Social Mobilization (C) Theory of Social Learning (D) Theory of Social Capital

18. 'Ekistics' or the science of human settlements by Dr Konstantinos Doxiadis was built upon the Concept of "basic needs,"
which were later categorized by Johann Galtung into material survival & Security needs," "social or enabling needs," and
non-material human needs. Which grouping of needs was elaborated on by Abraham Maslow?

(A) food, water, clothing, shelter, sanitation, health care, energy/fuel, employment, peace and Order,
(B) self-expression, sex, procreation, recreation, education, communication, and transportation
(C) physiological needs, physical safety, love and belongingness, esteem, self-actualization/self-realization
(D) freedom, security, identity, well-being, ecological balance

19. Which of the following -- all true! -- about people's participation in planning, implementation and management holds
the same meaning as the statement "people are the principal actors, the subject rather than the object, of
development."
(A) Participation increases the likelihood that policy will be effective and will have long-term benefits as people provide

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 data and feedback on ground-level needs and concerns to policy-makers and implementors.
(B) The very process of participating is, in and of itself, educational, liberating, and empowering for the poor.
(C) People are not passive beneficiaries or mere recipients of dole-outs.
(D) Participation hastens people's ownership of their problems and builds community leadership so that they gain
control over their own fate and learn to make critical decisions for their common future.
(E) Community participation contributes to institutionalizing positive reforms envisioned by changes in policy.

20. World Bank describes this process as the expansion of assets and capabilities of poor people, as well as the expansion of
their freedom of choice and action, to participate in, negotiate with, influence, control, and hold accountable
institutions that affect their lives
(A) Self-Reliance (B) Needs Achievement (C) Entitlement (D) Empowerment

Economic Planning, Project Development Planning

21. The main economic theory that underlies both CBA and EA is that an economic activity or project should not make one
person better off by making someone else worse off, such that gains in producer surplus or consumer satisfaction to
some firms or individuals do not simultaneously impose losses on others.
(A) Theory of General Equilibrium (B) Classical Economics (C) David Ricardo's Theory of Value
(D) Pareto Optimality

22. A school of thought that holds that the measure of efficiency is people's well-being and such is attained if the total gains
among those who benefit exceed the total losses of those adversely affected by any economic activity.
(A) Keynesian economics (B) Welfare economics (C) Neoclassical economics (D) Marxist economics

23. This refers to the collaborative process whereby governments, businesses, community organizations, etc at the local
level engage one another to improve economic well-being of their community, enhance business climate, increase
income opportunities, and sustainably utilize human, natural, infrastructural, and institutional resources.
(A) Project Development Planning (B) Investment Coordination (C) Economic Planning (D) Industrial Convergence

24. Of the following central features of Free Market as described by classical economics, which one has not been proved to
be universally true in open capitalist societies?
(A) Law of Supply and Demand (C) Broad Range of Consumer Choices Through Diversified Production
(B) Profit Motive (D) Perfect Competition

25. In Walt Rostow's Theory of Economic Modernization in Linear Stages (1960), the stage wherein techniques in production
improve, new industries diversify and accelerate output, local supply exceeds local demand, and the
national economy participates in international trade, is termed as
(A) NlChood or newly industrializing economy (C) takeoff period
(B) pre-conditions for takeoff (D) drive to maturity

Planning Law, Plan Implementation & EIA

26. Which is not a main branch of government?

(A) Executive (B) Legislative (C) Judiciary (D) Constitutional Commission

27. Which of the following is a constitutional body?

(A) Council of State (C) National Security Council
(B) Civil Service Commission (D) National Peace and Order Council

28. Which of the following does not head a major branch of government?
(A) Chief Justice (B) Chief of Staff (C) Speaker of the House (D) Senate President

29. Which of the following is not under the legislative branch of government?
(A) House of Representatives (C) National Development Council
(B) Senate (D) Commission on Appointments

30. Which of the following describes the current political-administrative setup of the Philippine government?
(A) federal, presidential, bicameral legislature, two-party system
(B) federal, parliamentary, meritocracy, regional party system
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 (C) unitary, presidential, bicameral legislature, multi-party system
(D) unitary, presidential, unicameral legislature, party-list system for 11 basic sectors

Planning Profession Law, Planning Ethics

31. The following elements define "planning experience" according to AICP. Which element most requires the planner to
have adequate skills in effective communication, social marketing, negotiation, and conflict management?
(A) "Employing an appropriately comprehensive point of view"
(B) "Influencing public decision-making in the public interest"
(C) "Applying a planning process appropriate to the situation."
(D) "Involving a professional level of responsibility and resourcefulness."

32. Which element of participatory planning process implies multi-stakeholdership?

(A) bottom-up process to define and prioritize local needs (D) negotiated rule-making and policy dialogue
(B) collective leadership and innovative decision-making (E) consensus-building and dispute resolution
(C) coalition of partners and groundswell of Support (F) all of the above

33. An architect is normally in charge of vertical or upward development, while a civil engineer normally handles
(A) sub-surface structures (B) diagonal oblique development (C) horizontal and lateral construction (D) mining

34. Which of the following is not a challenge proper to a professional environmental planner?
(A) He/she has to be a generalist most of the time and a specialist at certain times;
(B) He/she has to reconcile long term vision with short-term political exigencies and financial considerations
(C) He/she has to bridge the huge gap between the arts and the sciences.
(D) He/she produces both diagnosis and prognosis of social problems; but his/her prescription is tempered by what is
feasible to government and what is acceptable to the public

35. Which act of the planner is not enumerated as punishable under PD 1308 of 1978, Regulating the Practice of
Environmental Planning in the Philippines?
(A) Having his/her professional seal done by informal businesses along CM Recto Ave., Manila
(B) Engaging in the practice of environmental planning in the Philippines without having been registered
(C) assuming, using or advertising any title or description tending to convey the impression that he is an environmental
planner without holding a valid certificate of registration
(D) Giving any false or forged evidence of any kind, or impersonating any registered environmental planner

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ANSWER KEY:

1. D
2. C
3. D
4. A
5. A
6. D
7. B
8. B
9. C
10. A
11. D
12. C
13. C
14. C
15. C
16. D
17. D
18. C
19. D
20. D
21. D
22. B
23. C
24. D
25. D
26. D
27. B
28. B
29. C
30. C
31. B
32. F
33. C
34. C
35. A