Chronology April 16, 1982-July 15, 1982

Reviewed work(s):
Source: Middle East Journal, Vol. 36, No. 4 (Autumn, 1982), pp. 563-581
Published by: Middle East Institute
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APRIL 16, 1982-JULY 15, 1982
ABBREVIATIONS: .
AN, Arab News AO
CSM, Christian Science Monitor
FBIS, Foreign Broadcast Information Service
Daily Report-Middle East & North Africa and < i
South Asia
JP, The Jerusalem Post
MEED, Middle East Economic Digest
MEES, Middle East Economic Survey
NYT, The New York Times
TDN, The Turkish Daily News
WP, The Washington Post
WSJ, The Wall Street Journal

Arab-IsraeliConflict The US vetoed a UN SecurityCouncilresolution

condemningIsrael for the shooting incident at the
(See also Regional Affairs, Egypt, Israel, Dome of the Rock Mosque. [4/21 WP]
Jordan,Libya) April21: Israel's Cabinetformallyagreed to com-
plete the Sinai withdrawal.[4/22 WP]
1982 Israelijets attackedPalestineLiberationOrgani-
April 16: From Cairo, US Deputy Secretary of zation (PLO) positions in Lebanon. Twenty-three
State Walter Stoessel expressed confidence that people were reported killed and several dozen
Israelwould withdrawfrom the Sinai as scheduled wounded.Israelsaid the attackwas in response to
on April25. [4/17 WP] the deathof an Israelisoldierin southernLebanon.
Two Palestinian Arabs were killed and 13 Two SyrianMIGsthatengagedthe Israelijets were
wounded in clashes with Israeli soldiers during downedduringthe attack. [4/22 WP]
demonstrationson the West Bank and Gaza Strip. April25: Egyptregainedcontrolof the finalpartof
[4/17NYT] the Sinai. Israeli Defense Minister Ariel Sharon
April 17: A senior Israeli defense official said said that with the return of the Sinai Israel had
Israel'swithdrawalfrom the Sinai was "no longer reached the limit of its concessions and would
in doubt." [4/18 WP] increase and consolidate its settlements on the
US Deputy Secretary of State Stoessel met in West Bankand Gaza Strip. (4/26 WP]
Cairo with Egyptian President Husni Mubarak. April 26: Egyptian President Mubfrak called on
MubarakreaffirmedEgypt's commitment to the Arab states and the Palestiniansto participatein
CampDavid Agreements.[4/18 FBIS] the peace process. Mubaraksaid peace with Israel
April18:Alan HarryGoodman,accused of murder was a "strategicobjective" that Egypt would not
in his April 11 attack on the Dome of the Rock abandon.[4/27 WP]
Mosquein East Jerusalem,assignedhis defense to Two Palestinians were wounded by Israeli
a lawyer hired by Jewish Defense League leader troops duringdemonstrationson the West Bank.
MeirKahane. [4/19 NYT] [4/27WP]
April19: Bir Zayt Universityreopenedafter being April 27: Israeli Prime Minister Menahem Begin
closed for 2 months. [4/20 WP] said he wouldintroducea resolutionbarringfuture
April 20: The trial of extraditedPalestinianZiyad governmentsfrom dismantlingsettlements in the
Abu 'Ayn began in Tel Aviv on charges that he WestBank,Gazaandthe Golanas a resultof peace
planteda bomb in a Tiberiasmarketplacein May negotiations.[4/28 NYT]
1979.[4/21NYT] In their first official contact in 3 years, Jordan

THE MIDDLE EAST JOURNAL, VOLUME 36, NO. 4, AUTUMN 1982. 563
and Morocco congratulatedEgypt on the restora-
tion of its sovereigntyover the Sinai. [4/28 NYT]
April 28: Israel opened 6 new settlements near
Hebron, raisingthe total of Israeli settlementson
the West Bank to 94. [4/29 WP]
The UN GeneralAssemblycondemnedIsraelfor
its recent actions in the occupied territoriesby a
vote of 86-20 with 36 abstentions. [4/29WP]
Demonstrationsoccurred throughoutthe West
BankandGaza Strip.FourteenArabswere report-
ed hospitalizedwithgunshotwounds. An unknown
number of Israeli soldiers, civilians and foreign
touristswere also injured.[4/29NYT]
Syrianand PLO delegationsin Damascussigned
a 9-point strategic cooperation agreement. [4/29
FBIS]
April 29: PLO official Salah Khalaf denounced
MoroccoandJordanfor theircontacts with Egypt.
[4/30WP]
Two PalestinianArabswere killedin demonstra-
tions on the West Bank. Protests were reportedin
Halhul,Sayr, Hebron, Bethlehemand Nablus. [4/
30 WP]
April 30: Israel's opposition Labor Alignmentre-
jected Begin's proposal to bar the dismantlingof
settlementsin the occupied territory.[5/1 WP]
PLO Executive Committee Chairman Yasir
'Arafatarrivedin Saudi Arabiaon a tour of Gulf
states to includeQatarand the United Arab Emir-
ates. [5/3 FBIS]
Israel's military authorities dismissed Mayor
WalidHamdallahof the West Bank town of Anab-
ta. [5/1 NYT]
May 2: Twenty-six Arab mayors from the West
Bank and Gaza sent a protest letter to Israeli
DefenseMinisterSharonthreateningto haltmunic-
ipal services if 4 mayors dismissed by the army
were not reinstated.They called for an end to the
civilian administrationand the establishmentof a
Palestinianstate in the occupied territories. [5/3
NYT]
A 14-yearold Arabgirlwas shot andwoundedby
an Israelisettler near Hebronduringa demonstra-
tion. [5/3 NYT]
May 3: In a speech to the Knesset, Begin said
Israelwould advance its claim to sovereigntyover
the occupied territoriesafter the expirationof the
interimperiodcalled for in the CampDavidAgree-
ments. [5/4 FBIS]
May 4: An 18-year old Arab woman was killed
during a demonstrationin the Gaza Strip. An
Israeli spokesman said Arab demonstratorsat-
tacked Israeli troops. Demonstrationswere also
reportedon the West Bank. [5/5 WP]
Israel's Knesset approvedby a vote of 58-54 a
policystatementopposingthe dismantlingof settle-
mentsin the territoriesas a resultof peace negotia-
tions and approvingBegin's plan to extend Israeli
sovereigntyto the West Bankfollowingthe interim
periodcalled for in the Camp David Agreements.
[5/5 WP]
564
May 5: Four West Bank Palestinianyouths were
killedwhen a landminein theirpossession explod-
ed. Two Arabs were wounded duringdemonstra-
tions in Gaza. Army spokesmen said the 2 had
throwna firebombat an Israeli patrol. In Jerusa-
lem, the oppositionLaborAlignmentcriticizedthe
government'shandlingof demonstrationsin the
occupied territories. The US State Department
said on May 4 that the US was concerned over
Israel'suse of "lethalforce" againstArabdemon-
strators.[5/6 WP]
May6: The Israelimilitarycommandsaid6 Muslim
leadersfrom the West Bank were sentenced to 6-
monthjail termsfor urgingjihad againstIsrael. [5/7
NYT]
Mayorsin the occupiedterritoriesagreedto halt
municipalservices until4 mayorsdismissedby the
militaryauthoritieswere reinstated.[5/7 NYT]
May7: Goodmanwas indictedin a Jerusalemcourt
on 1 count of murderand 5 counts of attempted
murderfor his attack on the Dome of the Rock
Mosque. [5/8 WP]
Six GolanHeightsDrusewere woundedduringa
demonstration.Official spokesmen said demon-
stratorsattackeda police patrol. [5/11 FBIS]
May 8: Arab mayors in the occupied territories
decidedto continuetheir boycott of Israel's civil-
ian administrationwithoutdiscontinuingmunicipal
services. [5/11FBIS]
May 9: US envoy to the autonomytalks Richard
Fairbanksarrivedin Israel. [5/10 FBIS]
A bombexplodedon a Jerusalembus, wounding
2 children.[5/10NYT]
The IsraeliCabinetresolved to rejectany efforts
to eliminateJerusalemas a site for futureautono-
my talks. [5/10NYT]
Israel'sAir Force attackedPalestiniantargetsin
Lebanon. Six people were reportedkilled and 20
wounded. The PLO retaliated with artillery fire
into northernIsrael. Both sides claimedviolations
of the July 25, 1981,ceasefire. [5/10 WP]
May 10: Six Israeli Army Reserve officers con-
demnedgovernmentpolicy in the occupied terri-
tories. [5/11NYT]
Twenty-fivesenior staff officersof Israel's mili-
tary administrationsigned a letter criticizingcivil-
ian administration directorMenahemMilson. [5/12
FBIS]
May 11: Egypt's Foreign Minister Kamal Hasan
'All told a parliamentarycommittee that Egypt
refusedto hold autonomytalks in Jerusalem.[5/13
NYT]
Israel's Defense Ministryopened an investiga-
tion into charges that its policies in the occupied
territorieswere abusive. [5/12CSM]
Thousandsof Golan Heights Druse demonstrat-
ed againstthe impositionof IsraeliID cards. [5/11
FBIS]
May 12:Arab, Muslimand CommunistBloc coun-
tries withdrewa threatto have Israelboycottedby
the WorldHealth Organizationafter the US inter-
vened on Israel's behalf. [5/13 NYTI
May 13: Israeli securityforces arrested8 students
at BethlehemUniversity.ThirtyBir Zayt Universi-
ty students arrestedMay 11 were released. [5/14
FBIS]
Israel's military authorities expropriated3,300
dunams(about850 acres)froma West Bankvillage
nearHebron. [5/14 FBIS]
Egypt's delegationto the autonomytalks met in
Cairowith US envoy Fairbanks.[5/14 FBIS]
May 14: Israeli opposition leader Yitzhak Rabin
said a military operation in Lebanon would not
achieve Israel's objectives. [5/17 FBIS]
Zaire announcedits intention to restore diplo-
maticrelationswith Israel. [5/15 WP]
A bombexploded in Jerusalemwithoutinjuries.
[5/17FBIS]
Israeli security forces closed 3 West Bank
schools for sponsoringnationalistactivities. [5/17
FBIS]
May 16: An envoy of ZairianPresident Mobutu
Sese Seko said Zaireplannedto locate its embassy
in Jerusalem.Kuwaitrequestedthe aid of visiting
ZambianPresidentKennethKaundain maintaining
Africa'sdiplomaticboycott of Israel. [5/17 NYT]
A bombexplodedneara militarypost in Jericho.
Therewere no casualties. [5/17 FBIS]
May 17: Bombs exploded in Jerusalemand at a
soldiers'hitchhikingpost nearJericho.Therewere
no injuries.[5/18 WP]
May 18: SaudiArabiasevered relationswith Zaire
over its decision to resume ties with Israel. [5/19
WP]
Israeli-sponsoredVillage League associations
wereestablishedin JaninandTulkarm.[5/21FBIS]
May20: Qatarcut diplomaticties with Zaire. [5/21
WP]
May 21: PLO Executive Committee Chairman
'Arafatwas receivedin New Delhiby PrimeMinis-
ter IndiraGhandiat the start of an officialvisit to
Indiaand Pakistan.[5/22 NYT]
May23: Begincriticizedthe US for consideringthe
sale of armsto Jordan.He said US assurancesthat
Israelwouldretainits qualitativemilitarysuperior-
ity over the Arab states were "lip service." [5/24
NYT]
May 24: Representativesof the Steadfastnessand
ConfrontationFront-the PLO, Syria, Libya, Al-
geria and South Yemen-met in Algiers. [5/27
CSM]
Kuwait broke diplomatic relations with Zaire
and Costa Rica after Costa Rica transfered its
embassy from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem and Zaire
resumedrelationswith Israel. [5/24 FBIS]
The United Arab Emirates broke diplomatic
relationswith Zaire. [5/25 FBIS]
May 25: Israel said its jet fighters shot down 2
Syrian Migs during a "routine" reconnaissance
flightover Lebanon. [5/26 WP]
May27: Jordanblacklisted19 West BankPalestin-
iansfor cooperatingwith the VillageLeagues. [5/28
FBIS]
May29: SaudiArabiasevered relationswith Costa
Rica after it transferedits embassy in Israel to
Jerusalem.[6/1 FBIS]
June 1: Begin said he would attend a US-Israeli-
Egyptiansummitbut insisted that Jerusalembe a
site for futureautonomynegotiations.[6/2 NYT]
June2: State Departmentsources said presidential
envoy AmbassadorPhilipC. Habibwouldreturnto
the Mideastthe next week. [6/3 WP]
Egypt's ForeignMinister'All met with Begin in
Jerusalembutfailedto resolve differencesover the
venue of futureautonomytalks. [6/3 NYT]
June 4: Israel's ambassador to Britain Shlomo
Argov was criticallywoundedby gunmenin Lon-
don. Israel attributedthe attack to the PLO. The
PLO denied responsibility.[6/5 WP]
Mubarakrejected an informal offer to hold a
meetingin Washingtonwith BeginandReagan.[6/5
NYT]
Fourmen with Arabstate passportswere arrest-
ed in Londonfor the Argov shooting. [6/5 WP]
June 5: Israelijets attackedBeirut and PLO posi-
tions in southernLebanonin reprisalfor the attack
on AmbassadorArgov. Lebanese sources said 45
people were killed and 150 wounded in the raid,
includingSyrian troops. The PLO continued to
deny responsibilityfor Argov's shooting. [6/5 WP]
Israeliand PLOforces exchangedfireacross the
Lebanese border. Israel's Air Force continued
attacks on Palestiniantargets further north. The
UN SecurityCouncilconvened an emergencyses-
sion at Lebanon's request and issued a ceasefire
call. A UN spokesmansaid some Israelitanks and
artilleryhad crossed the border.Fromthe Europe-
an Summitin France US Secretaryof State Alex-
anderM. Haig termedthe fightinga "very serious
turnof events." [6/6 NYT]
June 6: Israel began a massive invasion of Leba-
non. Begin said Israel's intention was to push
Palestinianforces and artillery25 miles north, out
of range of Israel. Limited Syrian-Israeliclashes
were reported.In southernLebanon Israeli units
besiegedTyre, BeaufortCastle and other Palestin-
ian positions. Israeli gunboats attacked Sidon.
From France, the leaders of 9 nations issued a
statement calling for an immediate truce. [6/7
NYT]
The UN SecurityCouncilunanimouslyapproved
Resolution 509 demanding Israel's withdrawal
fromLebanonandrequestingall partiesto observe
earlierceasefires. [6/7 WP]
June 7: Israeli forces captured key Palestinian
positions in southern Lebanon. Its troops ad-
vancedbeyondthe 25-milezone describedas Isra-
el's original objective. The US called for an
immediate ceasefire and an Israeli withdrawal.
Syrian-Israelifightingescalated. US envoy Habib
arrivedin Beirut.
June 8: Israelitroops advancedto within 15 miles
of Beirut.Heavy fightingcontinuedalongthe coast
565
in Tyre and Sidon. US Secretary of State Haig
outlined the US plan for a reduction of Syrian
forces in Lebanonand the strengtheningof the UN
peacekeepingforce in Lebanon (UNIFIL) as the
basisfor Israel'swithdrawal.Arabstates and orga-
nizationsin the US protestedIsrael'sinvasion. [6/9
NYT]
FromBeirutthe dissidentPalestinianAbu Nidal
groupclaimedresponsibilityfor the Londonattack
on Argov. [6/10FBIS]
The US vetoed a UN SecurityCouncilresolution
condemningIsrael'sfailureto withdrawfrom Leb-
anonandcallingfor an end to hostilitiesin 6 hours.
[6/10CSMI
Israel'sAmbassadorto the UN YehudaZ. Blum
said Israel would remainin Lebanon until "con-
crete arrangements"could be established to end
permanentlyhostilities against Israel from Leba-
nese soil. [6/9 NYT]
Bombsexplodedat the US and Israeliembassies
in Zurich.There were no injuries. [6/9 NYT]
June 9: Israel claimed to have destroyed all of
Syria's SAM sites in Lebanon and to have shot
down 22 SyrianMigs in the heaviest Syrian-Israeli
fightingsince the start of the invasion. Israel re-
ported no planes lost in the fighting. The US
expressedconcernover the escalationof hostilities
between Israel and Syria. Israeli ground units
drove to withineyesight of Beirut. [6/10 NYT]
June 10: Israelijets attacked Beirut International
Airport.Israeli troops continued to battle Syrian
troops in the Biqa' Valley. Israel claimed 20-25
Syrian Migs downed in the 2nd day of heavy air
battles. IsraeliArmy spokesmen said all opposing
forces had been cleared from a 25-mile-widezone
north of Israel. Palestinian sources said fighting
continued in Sidon and Tyre. Widely differing
casualty estimates for the invasion were released
withsome sourcesclaiming10,000Palestiniansand
Lebanese killed and 40,000 wounded, and others
claiming civilian casualties of only several hun-
dred.Israeldemandedthat Syriantroopswithdraw
from Beirutto preventan attack on the city itself.
From Washington Administrationofficials said
Reaganhad sent a "firm"message to Begin calling
on Israelto halt the invasion and prepareto with-
draw. [6/1l NYT]
Israeliauthoritiesordered UNIFIL to halt food
deliveriesto Lebanese civilians. [6/11 NYT]
The EuropeanEconomicCommunity"vigorous-
ly condemned"Israel's invasionand called for the
immediate, unconditional withdrawal of Israeli
forces from Lebanon. [6/ll CSM]
June 11: Palestiniansin Nablus protested Israel's
invasion of Lebanon. Ten West Bank and Gaza
Arabswere woundedin a week of similarprotests
throughoutthe territories.[6/13 NYT]
Israel and Syria agreed to a ceasefire following
heavy tank, artillery and air battles. Israeli and
Palestinianforces continued to fight in Beirut's
suburbs.Sharonsaid the ceasefiredid not apply to
566
the PLO. [6/12NYT]
June 12: Followingextensive Israeliair attackson
west Beirut,PalestinianandIsraeliforces agreedto
a ceasefire. [6/13 NYT]
A PalestinianArabmandied of woundsreceived
during an anti-invasionprotest in Nablus. [6/13
NYT]
June 13: In Lebanon, the Israeli-PLOceasefire
brokedown in heavy clashes, includingIsraeliair
and artillerystrikes againstwest Beirut. In Wash-
ington, Secretaryof State Haig said the US had
proposed the complete withdrawalof all foreign
forces from Lebanonas the basis for a long-term
solutionto the Lebanese crisis. [6/14 WP]
Four hundred Iranian volunteers to Lebanon
arrivedin Damascus.Palestiniansources indicated
about 2,000 volunteers had arrived in Lebanon
from throughoutthe Mideast to assist Palestinian
forces. [6/15FBIS]
June 14: Lebanese President Ilyas Sarkis estab-
lished a National Salvation Council consisting of
the leaders of Lebanon's 7 major factions in an
effortto formulatea unifiedLebanese standon the
Israeliinvasionand on the restorationof the cen-
tralgovernment'sauthority.[6/15 WP]
Egypt relayed to Israel 2 PLO requests for a
ceasefirein west Beirut.US officialsat the UN said
unconditionalIsraeli withdrawalwas no longer a
"realistic"means for resolving the Lebanese cri-
sis. [6/15WP]
Israeli troops cut off west Beirut, trappingthe
PLO leadership and thousands of Palestinian
forces. Israeliarmoredunitspushednorthof Beirut
toward Syrian positions in the KhaldahJunction
area. [6/15NYT]
In responseto the invasion, Egypt broke off the
autonomytalks. [6/15 NYT]
June 15: Syria refusedto withdrawits troops from
Beirutas demandedby Israel, citing theirmandate
fromthe ArabLeague. US Administrationofficials
said Reaganwas consideringcancelinghis meeting
with Begin. Clashescontinuedbetween Israeliand
Palestinianforces near Beirut. Isolated Israeli-
Syrianengagementswere also reported.US special
envoy Habib continued negotiations with Leba-
nese political leaders aimed at the restorationof
government control over Palestinian and other
militias.[6/16WP]
Begin said the moderate nature of Egypt's re-
sponse to the invasionindicatedthe stabilityof the
Israeli-Egyptianpeace. [6/16 WP]
June 16: The ChristianScience Monitorreported
that the Soviet Union had begun a massive resup-
ply of military equipment to Syria following its
losses to Israel.Six hundredtons of armswere said
to have reached Syria in 48 hours. The Monitor
also printedreportsthat First Deputy Commander
of the Syrian Air Defense System Yevgeny S.
Yurasov had been in Syria since June 13. [6/16
CSM]
The Lebanese forces led by Bashir al-Jumayyil
issued a statement that they "have not resorted
and will not resort to a militaryinitiative"against
the PLO. [6/17 WPJ
US Administrationofficials said they had re-
ceived assurancesthat Israel would not enter west
Beirutand announcedthat Reagan's meeting with
Begin would proceed as scheduled. [6/17 WP]
The US rejecteda PLO requestfor direct talks.
[6/17WSJ]
The municipalcouncils of Nablusand Durawere
dissolved by Israel's militaryauthoritiesfor refus-
ing to cooperatewith the civilianadministrationin
the occupied territories.[6/17 NYT]
June 17: Israeli Army statistics for the invasion
showed 215 soldiers killed, 1,114 wounded, 23
missing and I capturedas of June 15. The Army
announcedit had detained 5,000 alleged "terror-
ists" includingnationalsof Kuwait,Egypt,Jordan,
Syria, Iraq, and Saudi Arabia. [6/18 FBIS]
At the start of his visit to the US, Begin said
Israelwouldnot accept a returnto the pre-invasion
statusquo ante. He said "there must be an area of
from 42 to 48 kilometers" separatingIsraeli and
Palestinianforces and that Israeli troops would
remainin Lebanonuntilthis was accomplished.[6/
18 WP]
The US House of RepresentativesSubcommit-
tee on Europe and the Middle East passed an
Administrationrequest for $20m in emergency
relief aid to Lebanon. [6/18 WP]
The US requested Israel to supply information
on its possible violationof the Arms Export Con-
trol Act resultingfrom the use of cluster bombs in
Lebanon.[6/18 WP]
Ziyad Abu 'Ayn was sentenced to life in prison
for his role in the bombingof a Tiberiasmarket-
place in 1979, [6/18 NYT]
In Rome, PLO officialKamalHusaynwas killed
by a car bomb. The Jewish Armed Resistance of
the JewishDefense Leagueclaimedresponsibility.
[6/18NYT]
June 18: Fightingbetween Israeli and Palestinian
troopsaroundBeirutdiminished.In New York, the
UN Security Council agreed to renew UNIFlL's
mandatefor 60 days. [6/19 NYT]
June 19: Efforts to bring about the simultaneous
disarmingof the PLO, the resumptionof Lebanese
sovereigntyover west Beirut, and the pullbackof
Israelitroopsfromaroundthe city, faltered.Saudi
ArabiawarnedIsraelagainstinvadingwest Beirut.
Syriacalled for attacksagainstAmericaninterests
in the Mideast. [6/20 NYT]
In Hebron, pro-PLO Arabs clashed with sup-
portersof the Village Leagues. A 24-yearold man
was killed in the fighting.[6/20 NYT]
June 20: The National Salvation Council held its
first meeting in Beirut to discuss possibilities for
ending Israel's seige of the city. Syria rejected a
plea from Lebanese PresidentSarkis to withdraw
fromthe city claimingthe requestwas made under
duress. [6/21WP]
June21: Israelijets andgroundforces bombedand
shelled west Beirut. Syrian and Israeli troops
clashed along the Beirut-Damascushighway. In
Washington,Begin met with Reagan and other
Administrationofficials. Both leaders agreed that
all foreignforces should be withdrawnfrom Leba-
non. The talks were describedas "frank... even
blunt." [6/22WP]
At the UN Soviet Foreign MinisterAndrei A.
GromykoaccusedIsraelof committinggenocidein
Lebanon.[6/22NYT]
The US Senate Foreign Relations Committee
voted to increasethe amountof emergencyaid to
Lebanonfrom $20m to $50m. The Foreign Minis-
ters of the EuropeanCommunitymet in Luxem-
bourgto discuss imposingsanctions on Israel. In
southernLebanonIsraeliofficialssaid 6 monthsto
a year would be needed to restore the area's
economy. [6/22NYT]
Mubarakoffered to provide a political base for
the PLO in Egypt, provided it formed a govern-
ment in exile. [6/22NYT]
The PLOrejectedforminga governmentin exile.
'Arafat challenged Israeli troops to enter west
Beirut.[6/22FBIS]
June22: In Washington,Beginmet with the Senate
ForeignRelationsCommittee.SenatorPaul Tson-
gas called the meeting "the angriest"he had seen
in 8 years. In Lebanon a ceasefire was declared
after a new round of fighting centered on the
Beirut-Damascushighway and Palestiniancamps
in west Beirut. [6/23NYT]
June23: Heavy Syrian-Israelifightingeruptednear
the Beirut-Damascushighway, ending a I-day
ceasefire. In Beirut, the American Embassy pre-
paredto shut down. In Washington,membersof
CongresscriticisedIsrael'sinvasion.The House of
Representativesapproved $50m in relief aid to
Lebanonby a vote of 334 to 70. [6/23 NYT]
June 24: Israel and Syria continued to battle for
controlof the Beirut-Damascushighway.Western
militaryexperts said the scale of the fightingindi-
cated a new, majorIsraelioffensiveagainstSyrian
positionsin easternLebanon. [6/25 NYT]
The US urgedArab and Europeangovernments
to pressurethe PLO into evacuatingBeirut. [6/25
WP]
The WhiteHouse said Begin pledgedthat Israel
wouldnot "go further"into Beirut. [6/25 WP]
Druse Leader and head of the leftist National
MovementcoalitionWalidJunblaturgedthe Pales-
tiniansto leave Beirut and halt the destructionof
the city. [6/25 WP]
June 25: At the UN France and the US urgedthe
establishmentof a multinationalforce to separate
Israeli, Syrianand Palestiniantroops in Lebanon.
Followingintensive Israeli-Syrianfightingthat left
Israelin controlof the Beirut-Damascushighway,
Israelannouncedthatit had accepteda new cease-
fire. [6/26WP]
Lebanon'sPrimeMinisterWazzansubmittedhis
567
resignationand 2 Druse Cabinetmembersresigned
to protestthe Israeliattacks. Druse LeaderJunblat
withdrewfromthe NationalSalvationCouncilsay-
ing negotiationswere impossibleunder Israeli oc-
cupation.[6/26 NYT]
June26: The US vetoed a SecurityCouncilresolu-
tion callingfor Israel's pullbackfrom Beirut. The
GeneralAssembly voted 127-2-with the US and
Israel opposed-for an immediate Israeli with-
drawal from Lebanon and urged the Security
Council to consider sanctions if Israel refused to
comply. [6/27]
Arab foreign ministers from 8 of the 22 Arab
League states met in Tunis at the request of the
PLO to consider sanctions against the US for its
role in Israel's invasion. [6/27 WP]
June 27: Arab foreign ministersin Tunis failed to
agreeon a PLOappealfor sanctionsagainstthe US
for its role in the Lebanoninvasion. [6/28CSM]
The US vetoed a UN SecurityCouncilresolution
that called for a limitedwithdrawalfrom Beirutof
PLO and Israeli forces. Lebanese and PLO offi-
cials met in Beirut to discuss US proposalsfor a
solutionto the crisis. [6/27NYTI
Israeli jets dropped leaflets over west Beirut
urgingresidentsto flee the city. [6/28 WP]
June28: IsraeliGovernmentofficialssaid the peri-
od for a diplomaticsolutionto the Lebanese crisis
was not unlimited. They accused the PLO of
preventingciviliansfromleavingwest Beirut.[6/29
FBIS]
Israel offered a 6-point proposalfor ending the
invasionof Lebanon. [6/28 NYT]
PLO and Lebanese negotiatorsreached agree-
ment in principle on the terms for the PLO's
departurefrom Beirut. Israeliplanes droppedleaf-
lets calling for civilians to leave Beirut. Israel
warnedthe PLOto respondpromptlyto its propos-
al. [6/29WP]
June 29: The European Communitycondemned
Israel's invasion of Lebanon and called for the
withdrawalof Israeli forces from around Beirut,
the departureof PLO troops and eventualnegotia-
tions, includingthe PLO, to resolve the Lebanese
and Palestinianproblems.[6/30 NYT]
The US appealedto Israelto maintainthe cease-
fire. Speakingto the Knesset, Begin said Israeldid
not want to humiliatethe PLO and would permit
Palestinianforces to leave Beirut with their side-
arms. Negotiationsin Beirut over the fate of the
PLO were reportedto be stalemated.Israel said it
wouldprotestto the UN the use of UN-runrefugee
facilities by the PLO for military purposes. In
Washington,former head of Israeli intelligence
AharonYarivsaid Israel'sgoal was the destruction
of the PLO's politicaland militaryinfrastructurein
Lebanon. Yariv disputed Lebanese casualty esti-
mates, saying only 320 civilians had been killed in
Sidon, Tyre and Nabatiya. [6/30 NYTI
June30: At a press conferenceReagansaid the US
hadnot given Israela "green light" to attackwest
568
Beirut but approved of Israel's demand that all
PLO forces must leave Lebanon. Israeli officials
said Israelhad given the US more time to arrange
the departureof the PLO from west Beirut. In
Paris, EgyptianMinisterof State for Foreign Af-
fairsButrusGhallmet with FrenchPresidentFran-
qois Mitterrandon June 29 and twice with Foreign
MinisterClaude Cheysson on June 30 to discuss
the Israeli-PLO stalemate in west Beirut. [71/1
NYT]
Britain embargoed arms sales to Israel. [7/9
MEED]
HighCommissionerof the UN Reliefand Works
Agency (UNRWA) Olof Rydbeck said Israel's
chargesof PLO-UNRWAcollaborationin south-
ern Lebanon were "not very convincing." [7/1
NYT]
The Foreign Ministers of Saudi Arabia, Syria
and Kuwaitand representativesfrom Algeria, the
PLO and the Arab League met under League
auspices in Taif to discuss a unified policy on
Lebanon.[7/1 WP]
July 1: MaroniteleaderBashirJumayyilflew from
Beirutto Saudi Arabiato meet with Arab League
representativesand presenthis views on the Leba-
non crisis. [7/2 WP]
A PLO official in Beirut said the organization
was "playingfor time" in its negotiationswith the
Lebanese Governmentand now sought a limited
politicaland militarypresence in Lebanon rather
than the complete departureof the PLO from the
country.[7/2 NYTI
July 2: Head of the PopularFront for the Libera-
tion of PalestineGeorge Habash said no progress
had been madein negotiationsover the fate of the
PLO. [7/3 NYT]
Egyptian Foreign Ministry officials reiterated
theirpositionthatthe PLO wouldonly be welcome
in Egypt as a governmentin exile. [7/3 NYT]
ThreeUS companiesand I Israelicompanywere
bombed in Athens, with little damage and no
casualties. Callers told the press the bombings
werein retaliationfor Israel'sinvasionof Lebanon.
[7/3 NYT]
Israeli officials said the invasion of Lebanon
increasedthe possibilityof a West Banksettlement
favorableto Israel. [7/3 WP]
Sharon said Israel had never promised not to
enter west Beirut. [7/3 NYT]
July 3: In Tel Aviv 50-70,000 demonstratorspro-
tested Israel's invasionof Lebanon. [7/4 NYT]
'Arafat reportedly signed a 4-point proposal
whichincludedhis agreementto withdrawthe PLO
from Beirut. [7/4 WP]
Israelitroops sealed off west Beirut. Palestinian
and Israelitroops engaged in sporadicgun battles
on the southernoutskirtsof the city. [7/4 NYT]
July 4: Israelpreventedfood, water and fuel from
enteringwest Beirut. The Israeli Governmentre-
jected a PLO proposal for partial withdrawalin
returnfor an Israeli pullbackfrom Beirut and the
deploymentof an internationalpeacekeepingforce.
In Jerusalem,the Israeli Cabinet voted to reject
any proposalpermittingthe PLO to retaina pres-
ence in Lebanon. [7/5 NYT]
ThreeArabLeaguerepresentativesflew to Mos-
cow to requestSoviet assistance in endingIsrael's
invasionof Lebanon. [7/5 WP]
Israeli artilleryfired sporadicallyat PLO posi-
tions aroundBeirut. [7/5 NYT]
The UN SecurityCouncilunanimouslyapproved
a resolution calling for the restoration of "the
normalsupplyof vitalfacilities"in Lebanon,"par-
ticularly[in] Beirut." [7/6 NYT]
Two Palestinianmen were killed and 5 other
people wounded in demonstrationsin Ramallah
and Nablus. [7/6 NYT]
July 5: Israeligunboatsand artilleryshelled Pales-
tinianrefugeecamps and other areas of west Bei-
rut. The US Governmentcalled on Israel to allow
food and water into the city. [7/6 NYT]
July 6: Reaganannouncedhis agreementin princi-
ple to send US troops to Lebanon as part of a
temporary,multinationalpeacekeepingforce. Rea-
gan was consideringa force of around1,000troops
to be dispatched only under certain conditions.
Membersof Congress questioned the sending of
US troopsto Lebanon.'Arafatrejectedthe idea of
leavingLebanonunder US protection.[7/7 WP]
Israeli militaryauthoritiesdismissed the Mayor
of JaninShawqiMah.muid for refusingto meet with
civilian administrationdirector MenahemMilson.
[7/7 NYT]
FrenchForeignMinisterCheysson said he could
confirmthat the PLO had agreed to "move from
militaryaction to politicalaction." [7/7 NYT]
July 7: Israelitroopsreportedlyrestoredwaterand
electricalservice to west Beirut. [7/8 WP]
The IsraeliCabinetapprovedall but 2 pointsof a
US-backed plan for the withdrawalof the PLO
from Beirut. [7/8 WP]
Israeli troops dispersed a demonstrationat Bir
Zayt University,arrestingabout 100protesters.[7/
8 NYT]
Israeli troops continued shelling of Palestinian
areas in west Beirut. [7/8 NYT]
July 8: SyrianInformationMinisterAhmadIskan-
darAhmadsaid Syriawas not involved in negotia-
tions over the futureof the PLO. [7/9 NYT]
In Beirut negotiationsover the fate of the PLO
were reportedto be stalematedover the role of
foreign troops in the PLO's evacuation. Israel
maintainedits blockadeof west Beirutand kept up
sporadicshellingof PLO positions and Palestinian
sectors of the city. [7/9 NYT]
Israel's Deputy Chief of Staff Moshe Levy said
Israelwas preparingfor an extendedoccupationof
Lebanon.[7/9 NYT]
Soviet PremierLeonid I. Brezhnev sent a letter
to Reaganwarningagainst introducingUS troops
into Lebanon.[7/9 WP]
Followingseveraldays of demonstrations,Israel
closed Bir Zayt Universityfor 3 months. [7/9 WP]
Presidentof the WorldJewish Congress Edgar
Bronfmansaid Israel and the Palestinians must
"ultimately"recognizeone anotherandtheir"mu-
tual stake in peace and security." World Jewish
leaders Nahum Goldmann and Philip Klutznik
urgedan end to the invasion and called for PLO-
Israelirecognition.[7/9 NYT]
July 9: Israeldismissedthe Mayorof Gaza Rashid
Shawa for refusingto cooperate with the civilian
administration.[7/10 NYT]
The SyrianGovernmentannouncedthat "under
the presentcircumstancesthere [was] no possibili-
ty of moving the PLO fighters from Beirut to
Syria." [7/10WP]
UNRWA released statistics showing 47,000 of
those Palestinians registered by the UN to be
homeless as a result of Israel's invasion. [7/12
FBIS]
Israeli and Palestinian forces clashed around
Beirut.[7/10WP]
July 10: Israel gave the US capturedPLO docu-
ments indicatingthe presence in Lebanonof mer-
cenaries from India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and
othercountries.US-madeM-16riflessold to Saudi
Arabia were also found in Lebanon, a possible
Saudiviolationof the ArmsExportControlAct. [7/
10 WP]
Lebanesesources reported50 people killed and
200 woundedin artillerybattles the day before. In
an interview, Sharon said that all foreign troops
mustleave Lebanon:Palestinian,Syrianand Israe-
li, and that no PLO troops would be allowed to
remain.In Damascus,US DeputyAssistantSecre-
tary of State MorrisDrapermet with Syrian For-
eign Minister'Abd al-HalimKhaddamto discuss
the Lebanesesituation.No progresswas reported.
[7/11NYT]
The French Governmentannounced its condi-
tional agreementin principle to participatein a
peacekeepingforce in Lebanon. [7/11 NYT]
July 11: Israeliauthoritiesdismissedthe municipal
council of Dayr Dibwan on the West Bank. [7/12
FBIS]
Israeliand Palestinianforces tradedheavy artil-
lery firein Beirut.Palestiniangunnersreturnedfire
into east Beirutfor the 1st time since the invasion
began. Negotiationsfor a political solution to the
crisis halted. Beirut radio reportedheavy civilian
casualties.[7/12NYT]
July 12: Israel claimed the PLO was fortifyingits
positionsduringthe negotiations.US officialsreaf-
firmedthe US positionthat the PLO wouldhave to
leave Beirut. [7/13 NYT]
July 13: US Secretaryof State-designateGeorgeP.
Schultztold the Senate ForeignRelationsCommit-
tee thatIsraelwas the "closest friend"of the US in
the Mideast, but that the "legitimate needs and
problemsof the Palestinians"had to be resolved
"in all theirdimensions." [7/14 WP]
July 14: Reaganrequestedthe assistance of Saudi
569
KingFahdin findinga countrywillingto take in the
PLO. Administrationofficialssaid Reaganhadalso
decided to seek $65m in emergency relief aid for
Lebanon.[7/15 NYT]
July 15: Reagan plannedto inform Congress that
Israelviolatedthe Arms ExportControlAct in its
use of cluster bombs in Lebanon. [7/16 NYT]
Syriansources said that PresidentHafizal-Asad
received and rejected a request from Reagan to
admitthe PLO to Syria. [7/16 NYT]
Mubarakurgedthe Arabstates to meet andagree
on a unified policy for resolving the Palestinian
problemand called on the US and Israelto recog-
nize the PLO. [7/16 NYT]
Mubarakcommented that a Palestinian with-
drawalfrom Lebanon would only complicate the
Palestinan problem and destabilize the Middle
East. [7/19MEES]
FrenchPresidentMitterrandreceivedPLOpolit-
ical directorFaruiqQadd6miin Paris. [7/16 WP]
Sharon said "Israel's sword is resting on the
neckof the terroristsin west Beirut. . . we will not
putour swordbackin its sheathuntilthe last of the
terroristsdisappearsfrom Beirut." [7/16 NYT]
General
(See also Morocco, Tunisia,Turkey)
1982
May 5: The Foreign Affairs Committee of the
House of Representativesapproved$4.4 billionin
foreignmilitarysales (FMS)creditsandguarantees
for Europe and the Middle East. Approved Mid-
east fundingincluded:$1.7 billion for Israel, $1.3
billion for Egypt, $465m for Turkey, $75m for
Jordan,$40mfor Oman,$15mfor Yemenand$50m
in FMS creditsfor Morocco, rejectingan Adminis-
trationrequestfor increasingFMS credits to Mo-
rocco to $100m. The aid package moved to the
Senate ForeignRelationsCommitteefor consider-
ation. [5/6 WP]
June 5: Secretary of State Alexander M. Haig
resigned. Differences between President Ronald
Reagan and Haig over Middle East policy were
unofficiallycited as one reason for Haig's depar-
ture. Reagan nominated George P. Schultz as
Haig's successor. [6/26 WP]
PetroleumAffairs
1982
April 21: United Arab Emirates Oil Ministerand
Organizationof Petroleum Exporting Countries
(OPEC)PresidentShaykh Mani Sa'id al-'Utayba
570
said OPEC's productionhad fallen to 15.85mbar-
rels perday, 1.15mbarrelsperday below its official
ceiling. [4/22NYT]
April 26: The US Department of Energy an-
nounced that a contract had been signed to pur-
chase 1.8m barrels of Iranian oil for America's
StrategicPetroleumReserve, the firstUS purchase
of Iranianoil since November 1979. [4/27 NYT]
May 10: Kuwait's oil productiondeclined by 37
percentin 1981accordingto the annualreportof
the CentralBank of Kuwait. [5/18 FBIS]
May 20: OPEC convened its annual meeting in
Quito, Ecuador.[5/21WP]
May 21: OPEC agreed to maintaina production
quotaof 17.5mbarrelsper day and price ceiling of
$34 per barrel.[5/24 FBIS]
June 1: Syrian-Iraqioil disputes arisingfrom Syr-
ia's seizure of Iraqi oil in Syrian ports and the
closureof Syria'spipelineto Iraqioil were referred
to the JudicialCommitteeof the Organizationof
ArabPetroleumExportingCountries(OAPEC).[6/
2 FBIS]
June 8: Average 1981daily productionfiguresfor
OAPECwere released:SaudiArabia,9.8m barrels
per day; the United Arab Emirates, 1.5m; Libya
1.14m; Kuwait, 1.12m; Algeria, 1.01m; Iraq,
918,000;Qatar, 405,000; Syria, 162,000and Bah-
rain,46,000. Saudioutputequaled58.6 per cent of
total OAPECoutput. [6/9 WSJ]
June9: MobilCorporationannouncedthatit would
withdrawfrom its explorationand productionin-
terests in Libya on July 13. [6/10 WSJ]
June 16: The OAPECMinisterialCommitteecon-
vened its 28th session in Tunis. [6/17 FBIS]
July 8: Arriving in Vienna for a special OPEC
meetingon pricingand production,Iran'sOil Min-
ister SayyidMuhammadGharazisaid Iranrejected
its quotaof 1.2mbarrelsperday as inadequate.[7/9
NYT]
July 9: OPEC's special meeting on pricing and
productionquotas opened in Vienna. [7/10 NYT]
July 10: OPEC members failed to agree on the
continuationof price ceilings and productionquo-
tas. Analystssaid the resultcould increasecompe-
tition among oil producersfor a shrinkingworld
market,leadingto reducedprices. [7/11 NYT]
RegionalAffairs
(See also Arab-IsraeliConflict)
1982
April 18: The Polisario Front's representativein
AlgiersMohammedAbdel Fattahsaid the Polisario
would seek Soviet military assistance if the US
continuedto increase militarysupportfor Moroc-
co. [4/19NYT]
April20: The foreignministersof the GulfCooper-
ation Council (GCC) states-Bahrain, Kuwait,
Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabiaand the United Arab
Emirates-held an emergency session in Riyadh.
[5/21FBIS]
April22: The FrenchGovernmentexpelled 2 Syri-
an diplomatsand recalled its ambassadorto Da-
mascus for Syrian involvement in an explosion
outside the Paris office of the pro-Iraqipaper al-
Watan al-'Arabi that killed I person and wounded
60 others. [4/23 WP]
An emergency session of the Organizationof
AfricanUnity (OAU) convened in Kenya in a bid
to resolve the ongoingcrisis over the admissionof
the Polisarioto the OAU. [4/23 NYT]
April24: The oil ministersof the GCCstates met in
Riyadh.[4/26 FBIS]
April 26: Saudi Defense and Aviation Minister
Sultanbin 'Abd al-'Azlz said Saudi Arabiawould
make its AWACS planes available to the GCC
memberstates. [4/29 FBIS]
April28: Duringa visit to the US, TunisianPrime
MinisterMohammedMzali said Libya was trying
to ease tensions in North Africa and had ceased
efforts to subvertthe TunisianGovernment.[4/29
WP]
April 29: Iraq reported that its air force had at-
tacked Iranianpositions on the southernand cen-
tral fronts and on Iran's oil terminal on Kharg
Island. [4/30NYT]
April30: Iran said that its forces had crossed the
KarunRiverin a new offensive- "OperationJeru-
salem"-which had succeeded in pushing Iraq's
forces back from a 300 squaremile area in Khuzi-
stan, killingor capturingthousandsof Iraqitroops.
Iraqadmittedits withdrawalacross the Karunbut
said 5,000 Iraniantroops had been killed in the
fighting.[5/1 WP]
May 1: Both Iranand Iraqreportedheavy fighting
in Khuzistanas "OperationJerusalem"continued.
Claimsthat each side had killed over 6,000 enemy
troops in recent fightingcould not be verified.[5/2
WP]
May 2: Unconfirmedmilitarycommuniquesfrom
Iraqsaidits forces hadrepelleda 2-prongedIranian
offensivein southwestKhuzistanprovincenearthe
KarunRiver and further north near the Ahwaz-
Susangardsector. [5/3 NYT]
May4: Iranreportedthat Iraqiforces had beguna
counter-attackon the Ahwaz-Khurramshahr high-
way. United Arab Emirates President Shaykh
Zayid bin Sultan Al Nuhayyan traveled to Saudi
Arabiato discuss the escalation of the Iran-Iraq
war with Saudi King Khalid bin 'Abd al-'Aziz in
Riyadh.[5/5 NYT]
AlgerianForeignMinisterMohammedBen Ya-
hia alongwith his entiredelegationwere killedin a
plane crash en route from Baghdadto Tehranas
partof an Algerianeffort to mediatebetween Iran
and Iraq. IranblamedIraqfor the crash. [5/5 WP]
US officialssaid Libya and Syriawere cooperat-
ing with Iran in an effort to cut Iraq'soil exports.
[5/5 WSJ]
May5: Agence France Presse (AFP) reportedthat
Iranian forces had broken through Iraq's lines
along 16 miles of the front in Khuzistan,breaching
Iraq'sdefenses halfwaybetweenAhwazand Khur-
ramshahr.[5/6 WP]
Tehran radio said Iranian helicopter gunships
wereableto attackpositionsinside Iraqfor the first
time since the start of the war. [5/6 NYT]
A GCCdelegationled by Kuwait's Deputy Pre-
mier, Foreign Affairs Minister and Information
MinisterShaykh$abahal-AhmadAl $abaharrived
in Aden to mediate the dispute between Oman
and South Yemen over Dhufar Province. [5/7
MEED]
May 6: The PoliticalCommitteeof the Friendship
and CooperationTreaty states-Libya, Ethiopa
and South Yemen-convened a 3-day conference
in Aden. [5/10 FBIS]
The Kuwaitipaperal-Anba'reportedthat Oman
and South Yemen had concludeda 6-point agree-
mentprovidingfor the establishmentof diplomatic
relationsand preventingthe use of eithercountry's
territoryfor attacks againstthe other. [5/6 FBIS]
May 7: Iran said its troops had retakena 22-mile
section of the southern Iran-Iraqborderarea be-
tween Khurramshahr and Husayniyya. Iraqi mili-
tary communiquessaid the offensive had been
contained.[5/8 NYT]
Iranreportedthat QperationJerusalemhad car-
riedits troopsto the pre-warborderwith Iraqalong
a 100-squaremile areaafter8-daysof fighting.Iraq
said the offensive had been blocked. [5/8 WP]
May 8: Iran continued its offensive, forcing the
retreatof an estimated30,000 Iraqitroops toward
the borderof the Shatt al-Arab.Iraniancommuni-
qudsannouncedthe captureof the townsof Hamad
and Huvayzah.[5/9 WP]
Iraqannouncedthe pullbackof partof its forces
fromareaswest of Ahwazand Susangardin prepa-
rationfor the defense of Khurramshahr. [5/9 NYT]
May 11: An OAU meeting was postponeddue to
disagreementsover the admissionof the Polisario.
[5/12FBIS]
The US House ForeignAffairsCommitteetook
steps to prohibita direct US militaryrole in the
disputeover the WesternSahara.[5/12 NYT]
Iraniantroopsadvancedto the outskirtsof Khur-
ramshahr.[5/12NYT]
May 13: The Saudi paperal-MadFnacalled for an
end to the Arabostracismof Egypt. [5/14 WP]
May15:ForeignMinistersof the GCCstates met in
emergencysession in Kuwait to discuss the Iran-
Iraqwar. [5/17 FBIS]
May 23: IraqiPresidentSaddamHusayn invoked
the Arabdefense charterand called for assistance
fromthe Arab states to defeat Iran. [5/25CMS]
CentralBank governors from 39 Islamic coun-
tries concludeda 3-day meetingin Istanbulwith a
call for Westernstates to reduce interestrates and
increasetheir importsfrom the ThirdWorld.[5/24
WSJ]
571
May 24: Iran announcedthe recaptureof the port
city of Khurramshahr, concludingthe largestoffen-
sive of the war. ThirtythousandIraqitroops were
reportedtaken prisoner.Westernsources said the
IranianArmyhadreceivedextensive suppliesfrom
Syriaduringits drive on the city. [5/25 NYT]
May26: Iraqreportedthatfightingcontinuedin the
area around Khurramshahrand that Iraqi forces
had killed 268 Iraniantroops. [5/27 NYT]
US Secretaryof State AlexanderM. Haig said
the US wouldtake a more active role in promoting
a negotiatedsettlementof the Iran-Iraqwar. [5/27
WP]
May27: IsraeliDefense MinisterAriel Sharonsaid
the US knew in advance of Israel's sale of US
weaponsto Iran. [5/28 WP]
Speakerof Iran'sMajlisHujat al-IslamHashimi
RafsanjanisaidIran'sconditionsfor endingthe war
were: compensation, total Iraqi withdrawal,the
investigationof Iraqi"crimes"andthe repatriation
of deportedIraqicitizens. [5/28 FBIS]
Iranianforeign ministry sources confirmedre-
ports that the Majlis would debate expandingthe
war into Iraq. [6/1 FBIS]
May28: Iranreportedthat its forces hadshiftedthe
offensivefromthe southernto the centralregionof
the front. Fighting was reported near Sumar, 80
miles from Baghdad.[5/28 NYT]
Speakerof Iran'sMajlisRafsanjanisaid thatIran
had no intentionof interferingin the PersianGulf.
RafsanjanireiteratedIran's demandfor total Iraqi
withdrawal,compensationand the trial of Iraq's
PresidentHusayn. [5/29 WP]
US State DepartmentspokesmanDean Fischer
disputed Israeli Defense Minister Ariel Sharon's
claim that Israeli sales of US arms to Iran were
made with the knowledgeand consent of the US.
[5/29WP]
May 29: Israeli Defense MinisterSharonrepeated
his claim that Israel's sale of $27m in weapons to
Iranwas madewith the "full knowledgeand agree-
ment" of the US Government.[5/30 WP]
EgyptianPresidentHusniMubaraksaid informa-
tion availableto him indicatedthat Iranwould not
attemptto invade Iraq. Syrian sources said inde-
pendentlythat they had received assurancesfrom
AyatallahRuhallahKhumaynithat Iranwould not
invade. [5/30NYT]
May 30: The foreign ministersof the GCC states
conveneda 2-dayconferencein Riyadh.[6/1FBIS]
Iranand Iraqreportedcontinuingborderhostil-
ities. At Jordan'srequest,the UN SecurityCouncil
met in closed session to discuss the conflict. [5/31
NYT]
June 1: Following a meeting between Egyptian
PresidentHusni Mubarakand SudanesePresident
Ja'faral-Numayriin Cairo, Numayri called for a
meeting of moderate Arab countries including
Egypt, to try and end the Iran-Iraqwar.
June 5: Iran said Iraqiplanes killed 40 people and
wounded200 morein air attackson the city of Ilam
572
duringa parade commemoratingAyatallah Khu-
mayni'sarrestby the Shah. [6/6 NYT]
June 6: Iraq reported that 5 border guards were
killedby Syriantroops. [6/7 NYT]
June 12: Iraq reportedthat its forces were main-
taining a unilateral ceasefire with Iran, despite
daily attacksby Iranianforces.
June 16: The Kuwaitparliamentrejecteda motion
to cut off $290min aid to Syria. The motion was
raisedin responseto Syrianinactivityover Israel's
invasionof Lebanon. [6/17 CSM]
Iran'spress agency said it was decided on June
15 that Iran and Libya would establish a joint
"IslamicLiberationArmy." [6/17 WP]
June 19: GCC economy and finance ministers
conveneda 2-daymeetingin Riyadhto forma GCC
financialinvestmentorganization.[7/2 MEED]
June 20: Iraqi President Husayn said Iraq had
begunto withdrawunilaterallyits troops from Iran
and would have the last of them out of Iran in 10
days. [6/21NYT]
June 21: Khumayni said the Iraqi withdrawal
would not end the war. [6/22 NYT]
June 27: Iraqclaimedthat a borderoutpost in the
Zabatiaarea was shelled for 3 hours by Iranian
troops. [6/28NYT]
June29: Iraqreportedthatthe last of its troopshad
left Iran. Iran called the report "a lie." Iranian
officialssaid the withdrawaldid not satisfy Iran's
conditionsfor an end to the war. Iraqsaid its army
was on full alert. [6/30 NYT]
June 30: Iraq proposed forming a multinational
force to patrolthe Iran-Iraqborder. [7/1 FBIS]
July 3: Omaniand South Yemeni delegationsar-
rived in Kuwait for direct negotiations. [7/9
MEED]
July5: EgyptianPresidentMubarakannouncedhe
would attend a conference of non-alignednations
in Baghdadin September.[7/6 NYT]
Fighting was reported in the Western Sahara
betweenPolisarioandMoroccantroops.Moroccan
sourcessaid7 soldierswere killedand25 wounded.
Polisariofiguresput Moroccanlosses muchhigher.
No Polisariocasualtyestimateswere available.[7/9
MEED]
July9: Rafsanjanisaid Iranwas preparedto invade
Iraqand would reject efforts to end the Iran-Iraq
war until Iraq met Iran's conditions. [7/10 NYT]
July 11: MinisterialCommitteesof the GCC con-
vened their4th session in Taif. [7/12FBIS]
July 12:ForeignMinistersof the GCCstates met in
Taif. [7/13FBIS]
US Administrationofficialssaid Iranwas prepar-
ing to invade Iraq. [7/13 NYT]
The UN SecurityCouncilapproveda resolution
callingfor an immediateceasefirebetweenIranand
Iraq,the withdrawalof forces to theirown borders
and the dispatch of UN observers to monitor
compliancewith the resolution.Iran's PrimeMin-
ister Mir Husayn Misavi rejected the resolution.
[7/14CSM]
 The US calledfor an end to the Iran-Iraqwarand
said it was preparedto "supportthe security" of
regionalstates if requestedto do so. [7/14CSM]
Iraq's press agency said Iraniantroops had be-
gun an attack near the port city of Basra. Iran's
Prime Minister MOsavi said the war with Iraq
wouldcontinueuntilIraqagreedto pay $150billion
in reparationsandwas condemnedas the aggressor
in the conflict. [7/14 NYT]
July 14: Iraq warnedthat ships attemptingto use
Iranian oil facilities at Kharg Island would be
regardedas militarytargets. [7/19 MEES]
SaudiArabiaand Kuwaitsigneda borderagree-
mentover Saudipropertyand ownershiprightson
Kuwait'sside of the NeutralZone between the two
countries.[7/19MEES]
July 13: US intelligenceofficialssaid Iranianforces
had driven 10 miles inside Iraq. Iraqwas reported
to have begun a major counteroffensive. [7/14
NYT]
July 15: US analysts said Iran's invasion of Iraq
appeared "stalled." Iraq's counteroffensive re-
portedlysucceeded in forcing some Iranianunits
backto within2 to 5 miles of the border.[7/16WP]
Afghanistan
(See also Pakistan)
1982
April27: Westerndiplomaticsources in New Delhi
said Mujahidinhadinflictedheavy losses on Soviet
and Afghantroops duringtwo battles near Kabul
on April 19. [4/19NYT]
May18:Westerndiplomatsreportedthatan explo-
sion in a Kabulhousingcomplexfor Soviet citizens
killedseveral Afghanguards. [5/19 NYT]
May 24: PresidentBabrakKarmalconcludeda 6-
day visit to East Germany.[5/25 NYT]
May 25: Western diplomats in New Delhi said
Soviet andAfghanunits begana drive againstrebel
strongholdsnear Kabul in the town of Paghman
and in the PanjshirValley north of Kabul. [5/26
WP]
June 1: Reportsin the Pakistanpress indicatedthat
numeroustransfershadoccurredamonghighrank-
ing Soviet officersand that an "exodus" of Soviet
familiesfrom Kabulto the Soviet Union had taken
place. [6/11FBIS]
June 8: Soviet and Afghantroops regainedcontrol
of the key PanjshirValley in a major offensive
againstrebel forces. [6/8 NYT]
June 16: In Geneva the foreign ministersof Paki-
stan and Afghanistan met separately with UN
negotiators in the first round of talks aimed at
ending the Soviet occupation of Afghanistanand
achieving Pakistan's recognition of the Afghan
Government.[6/16 NYT]
June 22: Western diplomatic sources reported a
successful rebel attack on a convoy of Afghan
army conscripts travellingto the PanjshirValley
area. [6/23NYT]
June25: UN specialenvoy Diego Cordovessaid in
Geneva that progress had been made in the first
week of talks between Afghanand Pakistanidele-
gations. [6/26NYT]
July 13: From New Delhi, Western diplomatic
sourcesreporteda majorSoviet and Afghanoffen-
sive against Mujahidforces in the Paghmanarea
northof Kabul. [7/14NYT]
Algeria
(See also Arab-Israeli Conflict, Petroleum
Affairs, Regional Affairs, Kuwait, United
Arab Emirates)
1982
April 18: The universitycenter in Tizi Ouzou was
shut down to prevent clashes between Berber
students and security forces, Agence France
Presse (AFP) reported.[4/19 FBIS]
April 19: President Chadli Benjedid arrived in
Yugoslaviaon an officialvisit. [5/21 FBIS]
April20: Head of the ForeignPolicy Commission
of the ruling National LiberationFront Col. Sli-
mane Hoffmansaid Algeriawanted to improveits
relationswith the US. [5/25 NYT]
April22: PresidentBenjedidbegana 4-day official
visit to India. [5/6 FBIS]
April 28: Tourists leaving Algeria said student
demonstrationshad occurred in Algiers, Oran,
Tlemcen, Mustaganemand Arzew. Looting and
severaldeaths were mentioned.[4/29 FBIS]
May9: AhmanTaleb Ibrahimiwas appointedFor-
eign Ministerto succeed MohammedBen Yahia,
who died in a planecrashMay4. Iranaccused Iraq
of attacking Ben Yahia's plane during its flight
from Baghdadto Tehran. Iraq denied the charge.
[5/10NYT]
May 13: Greek Prime Minister Andreas Papan-
dreaumet in Algiers with Benjedid.[5/14 FBIS]
May 15: Benjedidand Syrian President Hafiz al-
Asad met in Algiers. [5/17 FBIS]
May 19: French President Franqois Mitterrand
arrived in Algiers on a brief official visit. [5/20
FBIS]
May26: Benjedidmet with Saudi ForeignMinister
Sa'udal-Faysalin Algiers. [5/27 FBIS]
June21: FrenchForeignMinisterClaudeCheysson
arrivedin Algierson an officialvisit. [6/22 FBIS]
July 13:Algiersradioreportedthe June 17sentenc-
ing of 8 defendantsto prisontermsof 3 to 12 years
on chargesof treasonandplottingagainstthe state.
[7/14FBIS]
573
Bahrain June 1: Sudan's President Ja'far al-Numayriar-
rived in Cairofor a brief visit. [6/1 FBIS]
(See also Petroleum Affairs, Regional Affairs, June 6: The state securityprosecutorruledthat 37
Morocco, Pakistan) peoplearrestedon chargesof seditionbe released.
Forty alleged membersof the religious organiza-
1982 tion al-Jihadwere orderedtriedon similarcharges.
May 18: ZambianPresident Kenneth Kaundaar- [6/7 NYT]
rived in Manamaon a 2-day official visit. [5/19 June 7: Morocco's Foreign Minister Mohammed
FBIS] Boucetta arrived in Cairo with a message from
May 22: Seventy-threepeople received sentences KingHassan II to Mubarak.[6/8 NYT]
rangingfromseveralyears to life in prisonfor their June 14: InteriorMinister Hasan Abu Basha an-
role in an attemptedcoup in December 1981.[5/23 nouncedthe arrest of 50 membersof the militant
WP] religious organization al-Takfir wal-Hijra. [6/18
June 22: ForeignMinisterShaykhMuhammadbin FBIS]
MubarakAl Khalifa left Manamafor Britainand June 16: US PresidentRonaldReaganand Secre-
the US. [6/23 FBIS] taryof StateAlexanderM. Haigmet in Washington
with ForeignMinisterKamalHasan 'All. 'All told
Reaganthe situationin Lebanon was "unaccept-
able." [6/17WP]
Egypt June 18: InteriorMinister Basha ordered the re-
lease of 182detainees. [6/22 FBIS]
(See also Arab-Israeli Conflict, General, July4: DutchPrimeMinisterDriesvan Agt begana
RegionalAffairs, Saudi Arabia) 4-dayofficialvisit to Egypt. [7/9 MEED]
Mubarakand Sudan'sPresidentNumayrimet in
1982 Cairo.[7/6 FBIS]
April 26: The Pentagon announced plans to sell July 12:Numayriand Mubarakheld talks in Cairo.
Egypt300AIM9Lair-to-airmissilesfor $34m.[4/27 [7/13FBIS]
WSJ] July 14: West German Foreign Minister Hans-
April 27: Three hundred and fifty three people DietrichGenscher arrived in Cairo on an official
detainedunderthe emergency law were released. visit. [7/14FBIS]
[4/29FBIS]
April28: PrimeMinisterFu'ad Muhyi al-Din was
appointedSecretaryGeneralof the NationalDem-
ocraticParty. [4/29 FBIS]
May 1: In a May Day speech, President Husni
Mubarakcalled on Egyptians to increase their
Iran
economic productivity.[5/2 WP] (See also Arab-Israeli Conflict, Petroleum
May 8: In Cairo, the state Prosecutor's office Affairs, Regional Affairs, Iraq, Lebanon,
indicted302 membersof the clandestinereligious Sudan,Syria, United Arab Emirates)
organizational-Jlhadfor attemptingto overthrow
the government.In connectionwith the case, 1,225 1982
people were arrested.[5/10 NYTI April 16: Spokesmen in Paris for the Kurdish
May8: MubarakreceivedSultanQabusbin Sa'id at DemocraticPartysaid the IranianGovernmenthad
the startof a 4-dayofficialvisit to Egypt. [5/9NYT] beguna majoroffensiveagainstKurdsin the west-
May 11: Sultan Qabus concluded his visit with a ern part of Iran. Iranianradio reported75 Kurds
call for the restorationof Egyptian-Arabties. [5/12 killedand 40 woundedin clashes with government
NYT] forces. [4/17NYT]
May 15: In a speech to the NationalAssembly on AgenceFrance-Presse(AFP)reportedthat 1.000
the 11th anniversaryof the "Corrective Revolu- people, including leading members of the Shi'a
tion," Mubarak urged Egyptians to safeguard clergy, were arrestedin connectionwith an alleged
Egypt's democracyfrom "those who exploit it." plot to assassinateAyatallahROhallahKhumayni.
[5/16NYTI [4/19FBIS]
May16: Mubarakappointed7 new Provincialgov- RevolutionaryGuards surroundedthe home of
emors. [5/17 FBIS] AyatallahSayyid Kazim Shari'atmadari and occu-
Police sources announcedthe arrestof members pied his school in Qum. [4/18 WPI
of the religiousorganizational-Takfirwal-Hijra.[5/ April 18: In a message on Armed Forces Day,
17 FBIS] Khumayniappealedfor an end to "discordamong
May17: Egyptand Canadasigneda nuclearenergy militarypersonnel."The Mujahidin-iKhalqorga-
agreement.[5/18WP] nization announced that an "uprising" had oc-
May29: FrenchForeignMinisterClaudeCheysson curredat Tehran'sLavizanmilitarybase on March
arrivedin Cairofor a brief visit. [6/1 FBIS] 27. [4/19NYT]

574
April19: Iran'sCharged'Affairsin Rome Muham-
mad HusaynNaqdi resignedto protestexecutions
and politicaloppressionin Iran. [5/20 FBIS]
In a televisedappearance,formerForeignMinis-
ter $ddiqQutbzadahconfessed to involvementin a
plot to assassinate Khumayni.Iran's leadingmili-
tary judge Hujjat al-Islam Ra'i Shahri said 45
people had been arrested in connection with the
plot. [4/20JP]
April20: AyatallahShari'atmadariwas strippedof
his religious title by faculty at the theological
school in Qum for alleged complicity in a plot to
assassinateKhumayni.In Tabrizfollowersof Sha-
rl'atmadariprotestedthe move. [4/21 WP]
April21: A Parisappealscourt orderedthe release
of $1 billionin Iranianassets that hadbeen blocked
in Francesince October 1979. [4/22 WSJ]
Bazaarsin Tehranand other main towns closed
in supportof a decision to strip Shari'atmadariof
his religioustitle. [4/22 WP]
April22: President'Ali Khaman'iand Speakerof
the Majlis Hu.jat al-Islam 'Ali Akbar Hashimi
Rafsanjani accused Shari'atmadariof a crime
"greaterthan that of the Shah." [4/23 WP]
April23: Charged'Affairesin Yemen MihdiBrat-
zadah resignedto protest repressive Iranianpoli-
cies. [4/26 FBIS]
April 25: ProsecutorGeneralHujat al-Islam Mui-
savi-Tabriziconfirmedthe house arrestof Shari'at-
madari.[4/27 FBIS]
Thirty people were killed in fighting between
securityforces and the Qashqa'itribe in southern
Iranthe previousweek, accordingto Ittila'dt [5/27
FBIS]
April26: Clashesbetween Qashqa'itribesmenand
RevolutionaryGuards continued in Shiraz. [4/27
FBIS]
April 28: Khumayni'sson Hujjatal-IslamAhmad
Khumaynisaid he favored AyatallahHusayn 'All
Muntazirito succeed his father. [4/29 WP]
May 2: Iran reported destroying 10 Mujahidin-i
Khalqhideoutsin Tehran,killingat least 50 of its
top leadership.[5/3 WP]
May5: The Mujahidin-iKhalqattackedan officeof
the Imam'sRelief Committeekilling 5 employees
and woundingseveral others. [5/6 FBIS]
RevolutionaryGuardsattacked hideouts of the
oppositionPaykarorganizationin Bandar-iAbbas.
[5/6 FBIS]
May9: In Tehran,a car bombdestroyedthe Syrian
embassy, injuring16 passers-by. [5/10 WP]
May 11: The Majlis unanimously passed a bill
nationalizingforeigntrade. [5/12 FBIS]
May 12: The RevolutionaryGuardCorps issued a
communiqu6announcingthe discovery of 10 hide-
outs of the oppositionPaykarorganizationin Shi-
raz and the arrestof 70 members. [5/13 FBIS]
May 15: A bombexploded in the ImamKhumayni
Mosquein Tehran,wounding4 people. The Move-
ment of the Followers of the Shari'a claimed re-
sponsibility.Unidentifiedgunmen killed a Tehran
clergymanand his bodyguard.[5/17 FBIS]
May 20: Fourteen Mujahidin-iKhalq members
were arrestedin Khuzistan.[5/21 FBIS]
May24:Ittila'atreportedthe arrestor executionof
50 Mujahidin-iKhalqmembers.[6/7 FBIS]
May 30: Ten Muj&hidin-i Khalq were executed in
Bandar-iAbbas. [6/2 FBIS]
The Cabinetapprovedjudicialreformsintroduc-
ing Islamiclegislationinto the penalcode and legal
codes, civil law, document and land registryand
tradelaw. [6/3 FBIS]
May 31: The Majlis approvedthe nominationsof
Bahzad Nabavi as Minister of Heavy Industries
and GhulamrizaAqzadahas Ministerof State for
Executiveaffairs.[6/1 FBIS]
June 12: A Libyan delegationlead by Staff Major
'Abd al-Salamal-Jallid arrived in Tehran on an
officialvisit. [6/14 FBIS]
June15:AFP reportedan attackby the Mujahidin-i
Khalqon the car of AhmadKhumayniand said the
outcomewas unknown.[6/18 FBIS]
June22: The RevolutionaryGuardCorpsreported
the deaths of 14 Mujahidin-iKhalq members in
Tehran.[6/22FBIS]
June 29: The trial began of 5 members of the
monarchistorganizationNima on chargesof plot-
ting to overthrowthe government.[7/8 MEED]
Ittila'dt said 64 people were killed when an army
barracksquarteringRevolutionaryGuardsin Ma-
habadwas attackedby 200 Kurdishinsurgents.No
date for the attackwas given. [6/30 NYT]
July 1: Iran temporarilyclosed its embassy and
consulatesin West Germanyto protest the depor-
tationof 16 Iranianstudents. [7/2 WP]
July2: AyatallahMuhammadSadduqiwas assassi-
natedin Yazd. Authoritiesblamedthe MujThidin-i
Khalq.[7/3 WP]
July 7: The arrestof 150 Mujahidin-iKhalq mem-
bers in Khuzistanwas reported.[7/7 FBIS]
July 10: Iran'spress agency reportedthe indefinite
postponementof formerForeignMinisterQutbza-
dah's trial on charges of plotting to assassinate
Khumayni.[7/11NYT]
July 13: Iran's embassy and consulates in West
Germanyreopened. [7/13 FBIS]
Iraq
(See also PetroleumAffairs,RegionalAffairs)
1982
May13:The US House ForeignAffairsCommittee
voted to returnIraqto the list of countriessupport-
ingterrorismand to reimposetradesanctionslifted
by the Administrationon February26. [5/14 WP]
May 15: Le Monde reportedan increase in anti-
governmentKurdishactivities since the outbreak
of the Iran-Iraqwar. [5/21 FBIS]
575
May 17: ZambianPresident Kenneth Kaunda ar-
rived in Baghdadon an officialvisit. [5/19 FBIS]
June 16: RumanianPresident Nicolae Ceausescu
arrivedin Baghdadfor an officialvisit. [6/18FBIS]
June 28: New Cabinet appointments were an-
nounced:
TariqHamad'Abdallah:Light Industries
$ubhi Yassin:Industryand Minerals
QasimAhmadal-'Aribi:Oil
'Abdal-Jabbaral-Asadi:Transportand Commu-
nications
AhmadlIusayn: YouthAffairs
$adlq 'Abd al-Latif: Agricultureand Agrarian
Reform
Sa'di 'Ayash:Local Government
Sadiq 'Alish: Health
'AbdallahFadl:Religious Endowments
SamalMajid:Planning. [7/9 MEED]
Israel
(See also Arab-IsraeliConflict,General)
1982
April18:The Defense Ministryannouncedthatthe
evictionof the remainingsettlersfromthe northern
Sinai would begin April 19. [4/19 NYT]
April 18: Israeli soldiers began moving into the
northernSinai to remove the remaining2,000 set-
tlers. [4/19WP]
April 19: Cabinet Minister Aharon Abuhatzeira
was convicted on charges of fraud, larceny and
breach of trust for conduct during his tenure as
Mayorof Ramle. [4/20 WP]
In the northernSinai, Israelitroopsevicted anti-
withdrawalmilitantsfrom3 settlements.[4/20WP]
April20: The IsraeliArmycut off the watersupply
to the northernSinai settlement of Yamit. [4/21
WP]
April 23: Abuhatzeirawas given a 51-monthsus-
pendedsentence and fined $175 for his conviction
on chargesof larceny,fraudandbreachof trust. [4/
24 WP]
Israelitroops completedthe forcible eviction of
anti-withdrawal militantsfrom Yamit. [4/24 WP]
April 26: The Pentagon announced plans to sell
Israel II F-15jet fightersfor $510m. [4/27 WSJ]
April 30: Abuhatzeiraresigned from his Cabinet
post as Ministerof Labor, Welfareand Immigrant
Absorption.He retainedhis Knesset seat. [5/31JP]
May 2: Begin appointedAharon Uzan to replace
Abuhatzeiraas Ministerof Labor, Social Welfare
and ImmigrantAbsorption.[5/3 FBIS]
The Cabinet voted to ban El Al flights on the
Sabbathand on holidays. [5/3 WSJ]
May 10:The SupremeCourtdelayeda government
decisionto eliminateEl Al flightson Saturdaysand
religiousholidays. [5/11 NYT]
576
May 14: Italy's Foreign MinisterEmilio Colombo
met with Begin and other top officials duringan
officialvisit. [5/14 FBIS]
May18:Two membersof the Likudpartydefected
to the opposition Labor party, leaving Begin's
governmentwithouta majorityin the Knesset. [5/
19 WP]
The 21-memberPoliticalCommitteeof the Coun-
cil of Europeconvened a 3-day session in Jerusa-
lem. [5/18FBIS]
May19:Begin'sgovernmentsurviveda vote of no-
confidenceon its economic policies by a vote of
58-57. Likud officials predicted that elections
could be scheduledas early as November 1982.[5/
20 WP]
May 20: Defense MinisterAriel Sharonarrivedin
the US on an officialvisit. [5/21 FBIS]
May21: Beginopened negotiationswith the Telem
partyin an effort to restore his coalition's parlia-
mentarymajority.[5/22 NYT]
May25:The US SenateForeignRelationsCommit-
tee votedto increasethe level of proposedgrantaid
to Israel from $500mto $850mand to reduce the
level of proposed loan aid from $1.2 billion to
$850m.[5/26WP]
May26: US Defense Departmentofficialssaid the
ReaganAdministrationagreed to sell Israel 75 F-
16s valuedat $2.5 billion. [5/27 CSM]
June 2: West Germany's Foreign Minister Hans
Dietrich-Genscherarrived in Israel on an official
visit. [6/4 CSM]
June 17: Telem, the political party led by the late
Moshe Dayan, was dissolved by decision of its
executive board. [6/17NYT]
June 18: Begin addresseda UN GeneralAssembly
special session on disarmament.Two-thirdsof the
Assemblyboycotted the speech. [6/19 WP]
July 5: The Knesset approvedthe appointmentof
Mordechai Ben Porat, former Gelem Knesset
Member,as MinisterWithoutPortfolioin Begin's
Cabinet.[7/7 FBIS]
July 14: The right-wingTehiya party agreed to
open negotiationson joiningthe government.[7/16
FBIS]
Jordan
(See also Arab-Israeli Conflict, General,
RegionalAffairs,Saudi Arabia,Turkey)
1982
April 19: Interior Minister Sulayman 'Arar re-
signed his post to assume the office of Speakerof
the National ConsultativeAssembly. He was re-
placedby Ahmad'Ubayda. [5/20 FBIS]
April20: KingHusaynannouncedthe appointment
of 75 membersto the NationalConsultativeCoun-
cil. [5/20FBIS]
April 27: King Husayn inauguratedthe third Na- for a generalstriketo protestthe killingof Shaykh
tionalConsultativeCouncilin Amman.[4/28FBIS] 'Asaf. [4/28WP]
April 28: King Husayn met a visiting US military May 2: A Muslimgunmanfired into a church in
delegationheaded by Assistant Secretary of De- Tripoliandthen killedhimselfwith a handgrenade.
fense FrancisJ. West. [5/3 FBIS] One worshipperwas killed and 5 wounded. [5/3
May2: Israeliarmyspokesmensaid Soviet military WP]
expertshad begun to arrivein Amman. [5/2 JP] May 4: PrimeMinisterShafiq al-Wazzanpleaded
May 3: US Administrationofficialsconfirmedthat for restraintand condemned the recent wave of
Jordanhad been offered the opportunityto pur- violence. [5/5 W]
chase F-5G fighter jets and Stinger antiaircraft May 5: A bomb exploded at a mosque under
constructionnear the home of the Sunni Grand
missileswith the possibilityof a later sale of F-16s
andmobileHawkantiaircraftmissiles. [5/7MEED] MuftiShaykhHasanKhalidwounding4 people. [5/
May 25: Crown Prince Husan met with Secretary 6 WP]
of State Alexander M. Haig and other political May 8: Fighting in Tripoli between the Syrian-
leadersduringan officialvisit to the US. [5/26WP] backedArabDemocraticPartyand the anti-Syrian
June 17: RumanianPresident Nicolae Ceausescu Popular Resistance Organizationleft 12 people
arrivedin Amman on a 3-day official visit. [6/18 killedand about 50 wounded. [5/9 NYT]
FBIS] May 10: Fighting in Tripoli between the Arab
June 23: King Husayn arrived in Mcscow on a DemocraticFront and the PopularResistance Or-
"semiofficialvisit." Talks were expected to focus ganizationleft 19people killedand40 wounded.[5/
on Israel'sinvasion of Lebanon. [6/24 WP] 11 NYT]
July 12: West German Foreign Minister Hans- May 15: A Lebanese Army communiquereported
DietrichGenscherarrivedin Ammanfor talks with the ambushof an Armyjeep by Palestinianforces
King Husayn. [7/13 FBIS] northof Sidon, killing1 soldierand wounding9. [5/
17 FBIS]
May21: Ten people were killedand 25 woundedin
3 explosions in west Beirut. The Front for the
Liberationof Lebanon From Foreignersclaimed
responsibility.[5/24FBIS]
Kuwait May24: A bomb exploded inside the French Em-
bassy compoundin west Beirut, killing 11 people
(See also Arab-Israeli Conflict, Petroleum andwounding25. The LiberalNasserite Organiza-
Affairs,RegionalAffairs, Morocco, Pakistan) tion claimedresponsibility.[5/24 WP]
May 26: French Prime Minister Pierre Mauroy
1982 arrived in Beirut on an unscheduled visit. [5/27
April 21: Algerian President Chadli Benjedid ar- NYT]
rivedin Kuwaiton a 2-dayofficialvisit. [4/22FBIS] June 1: ForeignMinisterFu'ad Butrussaid the US
May 15: ZambianPresident Kenneth Kaundaar- must accept a Soviet role in solving the Lebanese
rived in Kuwait for a 3-day official visit. [5/17 crisis. [6/2 NYT]
FBIS] June 24: A car bomb exploded in west Beirut,
killing19 people and wounding"a large number."
[6/25FBIS]
June27: Fightingbrokeout betweenIranianvolun-
teers and forces of Walid Junblat's Progressive
SocialistParty. [6/28 FBIS]
Lebanon July 1: In Tripoli, factional fightingleft 8 people
killedand 48 wounded. [7/2 FBIS]
(See also Arab-Israeli Conflict, General,
Egypt)

1982
April 17: The death toll in 6 days of fighting
between rival militias in Beirut reached 79 dead
and 194wounded. [4/18 NYT]
April 23: Police sources in Tripoli said 14 people
were killedand8 woundedin clashes betweenrival
Ba'thistmilitias. [4/24 WP]
April 16: President of the Federation of Islamic
Associations Shaykh Ahmad 'Asaf was shot and
killedin west Beirut. [4/28 WP]
April 27: Religiousleaders in Beirut issued a call
Libya
(See also Arab-Israeli Conflict, Petroleum
Affairs, Regional Affairs, Iran, Morocco,
Syria, Tunisia)
1982
April 24: Radio Voice of Palestine reported a
meetingbetweenPalestineLiberationOrganization
(PLO)ExecutiveCommitteeChairmanYasir'Ara-

577
fat andLibyanHead of State Mu'ammaral-Qadhd-
hafi in Libya. [5/26 FBIS]
April 28: The Greek Government said Head of
StateQadhdhfiihad cancelleda visit scheduledfor
April30. [4/29 NYT]
April 29: Qadhdhafireceived Tunisian Foreign
MinisterBeji Caid al-Sebsi in Tripoli. [4/30 FBIS]
May 14: Syrian PresidentHafiz al-Asad met with
Qadhdhafiin Tripoli. [5/17 FBIS]
May 27: Staff Major 'Abd al-Salamal-Jalludmet
with Soviet PresidentLeonid Brezhnev duringan
officialvisit to Moscow. [5/28 FBIS]
May31: FrenchForeignMinisterClaudeCheysson
arrivedin Tripolifor an officialvisit. [6/1 FBIS]
June 11: Land and sea forces carried out joint
maneuversin the Gulf of Sidra. [6/14 FBIS]
June 21: Staff MajorJalludarrivedin Moscow on
his second visit to the Soviet Union in one month.
[7/2 MEED]
Morocco
(See also Arab-Israeli Conflict, General,
RegionalAffairs,Egypt, Pakistan)
1982
April16: Officesof the DemocraticLaborConfed-
erationreopenedthroughoutMorocco April 14, 10
monthsafter they were closed by the government.
[4/16FBIS]
April 22: The Reagan Administrationrequested
Congressionalapprovalfor $100m in militaryaid
for Morocco in fiscal year 1983, up from $30m in
FY1982.[4/23NYT]
April 24: PrimeMinisterMaati Bouabidleft for a
tour of Gulf states includingBahrain,Kuwaitand
Qatar.[5/29FBIS]
April 25: In Casablanca,offices of the opposition Sind,3,000professorsboycottedclasses to support
Socialist Union of PopularForces were permitted
to reopen. [4/27 FBIS]
April26: The InternationalMonetaryFund (IMF)
approvedloans of $580mto Morocco.An addition-
al $264.8mwas made availablefor droughtrelief.
[4/27WSJ]
April29: The Pentagonannouncedplansto sell 381
Maverick air-to-groundmissiles to Morocco for
$29m. [4/30WSJ]
May 18: Amnesty Internationalaccused Morocco
of torturingpoliticalprisoners.[5/19 NYT]
King Hassan II of Morocco arrivedin Washing-
ton on an officialvisit. [5/18 WP]
May 19: DuringKing HassanII's visit to Washing-
ton, US and Moroccanofficialsreportedlyneared
agreementon US basing rights in Morocco. [5/20
WP]
May 21: The US administrationannounced$200m Provincetown of Parachinar.One hundredpeople
in agriculturalrelief aid to Morocco over a 5-year were reportedkilled. [6/23 FBIS]
period. [5/22WP]
578
May 27: Morocco agreed to provide the US with
emergency access to Moroccan airbases in the
event of a Mideastor Africancrisis. [5/28 WP]
June 16: King Hassan II met in Fez with Libyan
ForeignAffairsSecretary'All al-Salamal-Turayki.
[6/17FBIS]
Oman
(See also General,RegionalAffairsEgypt)
1982
April21: Presidentof SenegalAbdouDioufarrived
in Muscaton an official3-day visit. [4/22 FBIS]
June1: Omanestablisheddiplomaticrelationswith
Zambia.[6/2 FBIS]
June19:Diplomaticrelationswere establishedwith
Zimbabwe.[6/21FBIS]
June 27: Omanand the United Kingdomsigned a
memorandumof understandingestablishinga joint
consultationcommittee to expand bilateral rela-
tions. [6/28FBIS]
July 10:Diplomaticrelationswere establishedwith
Ecuador.[7/12 FBIS]
Pakistan
(See also Arab-IsraeliConflict, Afghanistan,
UnitedArab Emirates)
1982
April 24: The All Pakistan Newspaper Society
called for a national press strike to protest an
attackby the religiousstudentorganizationIslami
Jamiat-iTalabaon newspaperoffices in Lahore.In
wage-hikeand other demands. [4/27 FBIS]
May 2: Foreign MinisterSahabzadaYaqub Khan
left for a 12-dayvisit to Morocco, Kuwait, Saudi
Arabia,Bahrainand the UnitedArabEmirates.[5/
4 FBIS]
May10:Over2.7mAfghanrefugees,one quarterof
Afghanistan'spopulation,were reportedliving in
Pakistan.[5/14FBIS]
May29:The US SenateForeignRelationsCommit-
tee approved an Administrationaid request to
Pakistanof $500m.[6/2 FBIS]
June8: The federaljournalists'union called for an
end to press curbs and demandedthe release of 5
detainedjournalists.[6/9 NYT]
June 21: Agence France-Press (AFP) reporteda
"tribalwar" between Shi'i Afghan refugees and
Pakistani tribesmen in the Northwest Frontier
June 22: Ministerto the FederalAdvisory Assem-
bly MalikShahzadahKhanwas killed by unidenti- June30: Jordan'sKing Hjusaynarrivedin Taif on a
fied gunmennear Islamabad.[6/23 AN] 1-dayworkingvisit. [7/1 FBIS]
Qatar
(See also Arab-Israeli Conflict, Petroleum
Affairs,RegionalAffairs,Morocco)
1982
April26: AmirShaykhKhallfabin HamadAl Thani
extendedthe termof the ConsultativeCouncilfor 4
years. [4/27 FBIS]
June25: Diplomaticrelationswere establishedwith
Zambia.[6/25FBIS]
SaudiArabia
(See also Arab-Israeli Conflict, Petroleum June8: SaudiArabia'sInteriorMinisterNayif bin
Affairs, Regional Affairs, Algeria, Pakistan, 'Abd al-'Aziz concludeda 2-day visit to Aden. [6/
South Yemen, Syria, Tunisia)
1982
April 17: Indian Prime Minister Indira Ghandi
arrivedin Jiddahon a 4-dayofficialvisit. [4/18WP]
April 24: Egyptian papers reappeared in Saudi
Arabiaafter a 3-yearban. [4/28 FBIS]
April25: IraqiVice President'Izza Ibrahimarrived
in Riyadhand met with King Khalid. [4/26 FBIS]
April 29: Chairmanof the Palestine Liberation
Organization(PLO) Executive Committee Yasir
'Araf&tarrived in Dhahran and met with King
Khalid.[4/30 FBIS]
May5: Defense and Aviation MinisterPrince Sul-
tanbin 'Abdal-'Aziz said SaudiArabiawas consid-
ering the acquisition of British Nimrod early
warningaircraftdue to dissatisfactionover condi-
tions attached to the sale of US AWACS and
concern over the AWACS' effectiveness, accord-
ing to the Saudi Press Agency. [517MEED]
May 9: Finance officials indicated that defense
expenditureswouldincreasefrom82.5 to 92 billion
Saudirials in 1982-83. [5110FBIS]
May29: FrenchForeignMinisterClaudeCheysson
arrivedin Riyadhon an officialvisit. [6/1 FBIS]
June 10: In Bonn, SaudiArabia'sForeignMinister
metwith US PresidentRonaldReagan.[6/11NYT]
June 13: King Khalidbin 'Abd al-'Azlz Al Sa'ud,
rulerof SaudiArabiasince 1975,died in Taifat age
69. He was succeeded by Crown Prince Fahd bin
'Abd al-'Aziz Al Sa'ud. PresidentHusni Mubarak
of Egyptjoined other Arab and world leaders at
Khalid'sfuneral.[6/14 WP]
June15: US Vice PresidentGeorgeBush arrivedin
Riyadhfor meetingswith King Fahd. [6/16 NYT]
June 10: Syrian Foreign Minister 'Abd al-Halim
Khaddamarrived in Taif for talks with Foreign
MinisterSa'Cidal-Faysal. [6/21 FBIS]
South Yemen
(See also Arab-Israeli Conflict, Regional
Affairs,Syria, Yemen)
1982
April 19: EthiopianHead of State MengistuHaile
Mariam headed an Ethiopian delegation on an
officialvisit to Aden. [5/20 FBIS]
April22: Ten people convicted of espionage were
executedin Aden. Three others were sentencedto
15-yearsin prison. [4/23 WP]
May26: VladislavPetrovskiypresentedhis creden-
tials as Soviet ambassadorto South Yemen. [5/28
FBIS]
10 FBIS]
Sudan
(See also RegionalAffairs,Egypt)
1982
May 6: Egyptian President Husni Mubarakand
ForeignMinisterKamalHasan 'Ali met with Presi-
dent Ja'farNumayriin Khartoum.[5/6 FBIS]
May11:Two Chadiansaccusedof bombingChad's
embassyin Khartoumin June 1981were executed.
[5/12WPI
May 15: Numayri appointed 'Uthman 'Abd al-
RahmanHakim as Minister for Agricultureand
Irrigationand 'Uthman Sa'id Ahmad Ism&'ilas
Ministerof Educationand Guidance.[5/17 FBIS]
May 18: Numayriand EgyptianDefense Minister
Muhammad'Abd al-Halim Abu Ghazala met in
Khartoumto discuss the integrationof the Suda-
nese and Egyptianarmedforces. [5/19 FBIS]
May 24: Egyptianpress reportedthat Sudan and
Ethiopiahad massed troops along their 1,500 km
border.[5/27 FBIS]
June 12: Sudan expelled the Iranian diplomatic
missionin Khartoum,citing the mission's "hostile
activities." [6/14 FBIS]
June 19: Numayriappointedgovernorsto Sudan's
5 provinces.[6/21 FBIS]
June29: Joseph Lagu was sworn in as Vice Presi-
dent of Sudan. James Joseph Tumburawas ap-
pointedSecretaryof the SudaneseSocialist Union
in the SouthernRegion. [6/30 FBIS]
MuslimBrother'Abd al-RahmanAbu Zayd was
appointedVice-Chancellorof Juba University in
the SouthernRegion [7/2 MEED]
579
 May11:The US House ForeignAffairsCommittee
Syria voted to maintainTunisia's militaryaid at $85m
(See also Arab-Israeli Conflict, Petroleum and rejectedan Administrationrequestfor $140m.
Affairs, Regional Affairs, Algeria, Lebanon, The Committeeadded $31m in economic support
Libya, Saudi Arabia) to Tunisia'said package. [5/12 NYT]
May 27: Saudi Foreign Minister Sa'uidal-Faysal
1982 arrivedin Tunis on an officialvisit. [5/27 FBIS]
April26: Radio Voice of Lebanon(VOL) reported May30: FrenchForeignMinisterClaudeCheysson
clashes in Aleppobetween special forces units and met with President Habib Bourguiba during an
religiousmilitants.[4/27 FBIS] officialvisit. [6/1 FBIS]
May4: VOL reportedcontinuingclashes between June 26: Authorities suspended publicationof 2
religiousmilitantsand Syrianforces in Aleppo. [5/5 weekly newspapers,Errai and Maghreb,for pub-
FBIS] lishing"false information."[6/28 FBIS]
May 8: PresidentHafiz al-Asad received visiting July 5: PrimeMinisterMzali chaireda ministerial
IranianForeign Minister 'All Akbar Valayati in committeemeetingon campus security measures.
Damascus.[5/10FBIS] [7/12FBIS]
May 22: US Deputy Assistant Secretaryof State, July9: LibyanHead of State Mu'ammaral-Qadhd-
MorrisDrapermet with ForeignMinister'Abd al- hafiarrivedin Tunisfor talks with PresidentBour-
HalimKhaddamin Damascus. [5/13 WP] guiba. [7/12FBIS]
May 24: PresidentAsad met with Saudi Foreign
MinisterPrinceSa'fidal-Faysalin Damascus.[5/25
FBIS]
May 25: RumanianPresident Nicolae Ceausescu
arrived in Damascus on an official visit. [5/25
FBIS] Turkey
June 10: Asad met with visiting Libyan Foreign (See also General)
AffairsSecretary'All 'Abd al-Salamal-Turayklto
discuss Lebanon. [6/14 FBIS] 1982
June 17: IranianForeign Minister'Ali Akbar Va- April 16: Twelve members of an "ultrarightist"
layatlarrivedin Damascus. [6/18 FBIS] organizationwere arrested in Adana in southern
June21: Asad met visitingSouthYemen Presidium Turkey.[4/27NYT]
Chairman'All Nasir Muhammadin Damascus. [6/ April 17: A militarycourt in Ankarachargedfor-
23 FBIS] merPremierBulentEcevit with slanderingTurkey
Yemen's Chief of Staff 'Abdallah Husayn al- in an interviewwith a Europeanpaper.14/18NYT]
Bishirl arrived in Damascus with a message for April 24: The Turkishgovernment amended the
Asad. [6/22 FBIS] 1936 MontreuxConventiongoverning the use of
June 23: Asad met separately with Libyan Staff the Turkishstraits,claimingthe rightto bartransit
Major'Abd al-Salamal-Jalludand Secretaryof the throughthe straits at any time. The Convention
ArabLeague Chedli Klibi. [6/24 FBIS] originallyasserted complete freedom of transitin
July4: LibyanStaffMajorJallid arrivedin Damas- peacetime.[4/25WP]
cus on a 4-day officialvisit. [7/6 FBIS] April 29: The military trial of former Premier
July 6: Al-Sharqal-Awsatreportedthat Libya and Ecevit began in Ankara.[4/30WP]
the Soviet Union were resupplying Syria with April28: At the conclusion of the first session of
massive amounts of military materiel including the US-TurkishHigh Level JointDefense Groupin
SAM missiles and MIG aircraft.[7/7 FBIS] Ankara the two countries announced they had
agreedon the need to enhance Turkey's security
potential.The US delegationto the 2-day session
was headedby RichardN. Perle, Assistant Secre-
Tunisia tary of Defense for InternationalSecurity Policy.
[5/28NY]
(See also PetroleumAffairs,RegionalAffairs, May 4: In Sommerville, Massachusetts, Turkish
Libya, Turkey) ConsulOhranR. Gunduzwas shot and killed. The
Justice Commandosfor the ArmenianGenocide
1982 claimedresponsibilityfor the attack. [5/5 WP]
April 29: Prime Minister MohammedMzali met May 5: Tunisian Foreign Minister Beji Caid es-
with US PresidentRonaldReaganduringan official Sebsimetwith Headof State GeneralKenanEvren
visit to the US. [4/30 WP] and PrimeMinisterBulent Ulusu duringan official
April 22: The Reagan Administrationrequested visit. [5/14FBIS]
Congressionalapprovalfor $145m in militaryaid May 13: US Secretaryof State AlexanderM. Haig
for Tunisiain fiscal year 1983,up from$85min FY arrivedin Ankaraon an officialtripto Turkeyand
82. [4/22NYT] Greece. [5/14WP]

580
May 20: Prime Minister Ulusu began a visit to May 18: The InteriorMinisterannouncedplans to
TurkishCyprus, the first such visit by a Turkish preventillegal immigration.[5/20 FBIS]
primeminister.[5/21 NYT] May21: Police arrested40 illegal immigrantsfrom
May25:The US SenateForeignRelationsCommit- Indiaand Pakistan.[5/25FBIS]
tee rejectedan Administrationrequest to increase June 10: Two thousand illegal immigrantswere
Turkey'said from $400mto $465m. [5/26 WP] arrestedduring a 3-day police operation in Abu
June 3: A militarycourt freed Ecevit for lack of Dhabi. [6/14FBIS]
evidence but he continued to face additional July 3: Sa'id al-Ghubashresigned as Ministerof
chargesof violatinga ban on political statements. Planning.[7/9 MEED]
[6/4 NYT]
June 7: A gunmankilled Turkishdiplomat Erkut
Akbayin Lisbon and woundedAkbay's wife. The
Justice Commandosfor the ArmenianGenocide
claimedresponsibility.[6/8 NYT] Yemen
June 20: In AnkaraTurkey's militarycouncil dis- (See also General,Syria)
missedthe chief prosecutorsin 2 mass trialsagainst
right-wing activists and shuffled the presiding 1982
judges in about 40 other cases. [6/21 NYT] April 18: The opposition National Democratic
June 27: Security forces arrested 44 suspected Front (NDF) proposeda joint cessation of hostil-
membersof Apocular,the KurdistanLaborParty. ities to the government,accordingto RadioMonte
[6/28NYT] Carlo.[4/19FBIS]
July6: A militarycourtin AnkarasentencedEcevit April29: Radio Monte Carlo broadcastreportsof
to 3 months in jail for violatinga ban preventing fierce clashes between NDF forces and govern-
former politicians from making political state- ment troops south of San'a'. [4/30 FBIS]
ments. [7/7 NYT] May 5: President'All 'AbdallahSalih met in Taiz
July 7: Jordan's Crown Prince Hasan arrived in with South Yemen's PresidiumChairman'All Na-
Turkeyon an officialvisit. [7/9 FBIS] sir Muhammad.[5/7 MEED]
July 9: The Reagan administrationdefended the May 8: Accordingto the Kuwait paper al-Siyasa
humanrightsrecordof the militaryjunta in Turkey Yemen recalled its ambassador to Moscow to
against European complaints of human rights protestSoviet supportfor anti-governmentforces.
abuses. [7/10NYT] Yemendenied the report. [5/9 FBIS]
July 14:Three cabinetministersresignedand their July 9: The governmentdenied reportsthat tribes
replacementswere appointed. Economic advisor fromthe Baikalfederationhad been in revolt since
and Deputy PremierTurgutOzal was replacedby June 26 to protest plans to remove 2,000 Baikal
Sermet Refik Pasin. Ozal's office became a State tribesmenfrom the army and replace them with
Ministryposition. Finance MinisterKaya Erdem membersof President SalTh'sSanhan tribe. [7/9
was succeeded by Adnan Baser Kafaoglu and MEED]
Housing Minister erif Tuten was succeeded by
Ahmet Samsunlu.[7/15TDN] SOURCES
AN, Arab News (Arab News Building,P.O. Box
4556,Jiddah,SaudiArabia).FBIS, ForeignBroad-
cast Information Service Daily Report: Middle
United Arab Emirates East and North Africa & South Asia (NTIS, US
Departmentof Commerce,Springfield,VA 22151).
(See also Arab-Israeli Conflict, Petroleum JP, TheJerusalemPost (TheJerusalemPost Build-
Affairs,RegionalAffairs,Pakistan) ing, Jerusalem,P.O. Box 81, Israel).MEED, Mid-
dle East EconomicDigest (21 John Street, London
1982 WC1N 2BP, England).MEES, Middle East Eco-
April 29: Algerian President Chadli Benjedid ar- nomic Survey (P.O. Box 4940, Nicosia, Cyprus).
rivedfor a l-day officialvisit. [6/3 FBIS] NYT, The New YorkTimes (229 W. 43rd Street,
May 2: Pakistan's Foreign Minister Yaqub Ali New York, N.Y. 10036).TDN, The TurkishDaily
Khanarrivedfor officialtalks. [5/14 FBIS] News (TunusCad.49/7, Ankara,Turkey).WP, The
May12:IranianCharged'AffairsAbulhasanJa'fari WashingtonPost (I 150 15th Street, N.W., Wash-
took up his post in the UnitedArabEmirates.[5/14 ington,D.C. 20071).WSJ, The WallStreetJournal
FBIS] (22 CortlandtStreet, New York, N.Y. 10007).

581