Chronology August 1, 1981-October 1, 1981

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Source: Middle East Journal, Vol. 36, No. 1 (Winter, 1982), pp. 63-85
Published by: Middle East Institute
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/4326356 .
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 Chronolo
AUGUST 1, 1981-OCTOBER 1, 1981
ABBREVIATIONS:

AN, Arab News

CSM, Christian Science Monitor JERIYSAJfl
FBIS, Foreign Broadcast Information Service .......
SW...
Daily Report-Middle East and North Africa
JP, The Jerusalem Post
MEED, Middle East Economic Digest zi.tv -K0

MEES, Middle East Economic Survey

NYT, The New York Times
TDN, Turkish Daily News
WP, The Washington Post

Arab-IsraeliConflict and lauded the Lebanese-Israeliceasefire agree-

ment reached in July. He also praised the Saudi
(See also, General,Inter-ArabAffairs,Egypt, role in those negotiations.[WP]
Iran, Iran-Iraq Conflict, Jordan, Lebanon, Aug. 8: Duringa news conferencein RiyadhSaudi
SaudiArabia,Syria) Crown Prince Fahd announced a new Mideast
peace plan. The 8-point plan includes: "1) Israeli
1981 withdrawalfrom all Arab territories,includingJe-
Aug. 1: A Palestinianbelieved to be implicatedin rusalem, occupied in 1967; 2) The removal of
the murderof 11 Israeli Olympicathletes in 1972, settlementsIsraelset up after 1967;3) The guaran-
MuhammadDa'ud 'Awdah,known as Abu Da'ud, tee of freedomof worshipand religiousrites for all
was woundedby a gunmanin Warsaw. [NYT] religionsin the holy places of Jerusalem;4) Recog-
"A senior US official"was quoted as sayingthe nition of the inalienablerights of the Palestinian
immediatepriorityin Lebanon was strengthening people and compensation for those who do not
the UN Interim Force there. He also said that wish to return;5) A provisionalUN mandatefor
special envoy Philip C. Habib, who assisted in several monthsover the West Bank and the Gaza
negotiatingthe Israeli-Lebanesecease-firein July, Strip; 6) The establishmentof a Palestinianstate
would be "in and out of the Middle East as with Jerusalemas its capital;7) The guaranteeof
needed." [WP] the rightof the Palestinianpeople to live in peace,
Aug. 3: The Israelimilitarygovernmentprohibited and8) The rightof the states in the regionto live in
the West BankPhysiciansUnion from establishing peace." [AN]
a Saudi-financedhospitalin Hebron. [FBIS] An Israeli Foreign Ministry spokesman said
The Egyptianand IsraeliAmbassadorsto Wash- Fahd's proposalfor Mideastpeace appearedto be
ingtonformallysignedthe MultinationalForce and unacceptable,but Deputy Prime MinisterSimcha
ObserversAgreementfor the Sinai. US Secretary Erlich was quoted as calling the plan "a turning
of StateAlexanderHaig signedas an observer.The point" because it appeared to recognize Israel's
2,500-memberpeacekeepingforce will be in place rightto exist. [WP]
by April 25, 1982. Its director general will be In a speech at GeorgetownUniversity,President
LeamonR. Hunt,a retiredForeignService Officer. Sadat called on all nations to urge Israel and the
[NYT] PLO to end their refusal to recognize each other.
Aug. 5: EgyptianPresidentAnwar al-Sadat, on a [NYT]
visit to the United States, called for US contacts Aug. 10: Delivery of 2 US F-15 planes orderedby
with the Palestine LiberationOrganization(PLO) Israel was delayed. "Administrationspokesmen"

THE MIDDLE EAST JOURNAL, VOLUME 36, NO. 1, WINTER 1982. 63

were quoted as saying their delivery would await
actionon the suspensionthat had been orderedon
F-16 aircraft, following Israel's bombing of the
Iraqinuclearreactor. [NYT]
Bombs exploded outside the Israeli mission in
Athens. An Israeli spokesman blamed the PLO.
[NYT]
Bombs exploded in a garden adjacent to the
Israeliembassy in Vienna. [NYT]
The PalestinianMay 15 Organizationin Beirut
claimedresponsibilityfor both bombings.[WP]
Aug. 11: US PresidentRonald Reagan suspended
deliveryof all sophisticatedaircraftto Israelpend-
ing a decisionon the F-16's, deliveryon which was
held up in reactionto the Israelibombingof Iraq's
nuclearreactor. [NYT]
Israeli authorities discovered landmines along
the JordanRiver, allegedly plantedby infiltrators
fromJordan.[FBIS]
An Israeli Foreign Ministry spokesman de-
nounced the US delay in delivering the F-15's.
[WP]
Aug 12: New directionsissued by Israeli Defense
MinisterAriel Sharonforbadetroopsfromentering
school campusesand setting up roadblockson the
West Bank. [WP]
Zbigniew Brzezinski, former national security
adviser to PresidentJimmy Carter, urged "some
formof dialogue"with the PLO. [NYT]
Aug. 13: The EgyptianPeople's Assembly ratified
the agreementto set up a multinationalforce to
patrolthe Sinai after Israel's withdrawal.[WP]
Aug. 16: Israeli Prime Minister Menahem Begin
told reportersthat US suspensionof aircraftdeliv-
eries to Israel was "absolutely unjustified"and
that he expected resumption of deliveries "this
week." [WP]
Chairmanof the PLO Executive CommitteeYa-
sir 'Arafat said in an interview that the Mideast
peace planFahdhad proposedon August8 was "a
good beginning."[NYT]
Aug. 17: PresidentReaganlifted the suspensionof
militaryaircraftdeliveriesto Israel. SecretaryHaig
explainedthat an "intensive" governmentreview
had failed to determinewhether Israel's bombing
of the Iraqireactor, a possible violation of a 1952
arms agreement,had been defensive or offensive.
[WP]
Aug. 19:At a UN conferenceon energyin Nairobi,
Arab delegates walked out to protest a plan pre-
sented by Israel's representativeto build a canal
fromthe Mediterraneanto the Dead Sea. [NYT]
Aug. 21: IsraeliMinisterwithoutPortfolioYitzhak
Modaimoved his office to East Jerusalem.Begin's
plan for a similarmove one year ago resulted in
controversyand was deferred.[NYT]
Aug. 22: Malaysiagrantedfull diplomaticstatus to
the PLO. [JP]
Aug. 24: Director General of the Israeli Foreign
MinistryDavid KimchecriticizedEgypt for delay-
ing normalizationof trade, tourism and cultural
64
exchangeswith Israel. [NYT]
Aug.26:PLOleader'Arafatreceived "a delegation
of US Congressionalaides" visitingBeirut. [FBIS]
Sadatand Begin, concludinga 2-day meetingin
Alexandria,agreedto resumetalks on self-rulefor
Palestinianson the West Bank and the Gaza Strip
on September23. The talks will be at the ministeri-
al level in Cairo. [NYT]
Aug.27: IsraelDefense MinisterSharonand Egyp-
tian Ministerof State for Foreign Affairs Butros
Ghll, after a meeting in Alexandria,announced
that4 joint committeeswouldbe set up to deal with
finalIsraeliwithdrawalfrom the Sinai. [NYT]
Aug. 29: Two men identifiedas Arabs attackeda
synagoguein Vienna, killing 2 and wounding 8.
[NYT]
FrenchForeignMinisterClaudeCheysson, dur-
ing an officialvisit to Jordan,supportedthe rightof
Palestiniansto self-determination."The Palestin-
ian people, like all otherpeoples, shouldenjoy this
right,"he said. [AN]
Aug. 30: An Israeli Foreign Ministry statement
declared that the PLO was responsible for the
attackon the Vienna synagogue. [NYT]
FrenchForeignMinisterCheyssonmet in Beirut
with 'Arafat.[NYT]
The Israeli Foreign Ministry condemned the
meetingbetween Cheysson and 'Arafat.[FBIS]
A girlwas killedand 14 persons, all Arabs, were
woundedwhen a bomb exploded in Nablus on the
West Bank. [WP]
Aug. 31: US Ambassador to Syria Talcott W.
Seelye, upon retirementfrom the ForeignService,
urged the Reagan administrationto abandon the
Camp David accords as the basis for Mideast
peace, which he said would come about only in
"the post-Beginperiod." [NYT]
Sept. 1: Religious Jews in Jerusalemfought with
Arabswho were attemptingto close an archeologi-
cal dig underthe Old City near the WesternWall.
Arabprotestersclaimedthe dig violatedthe integri-
ty of Islamic sites. [JP]
Sept. 2: Israeli Ambassadorto France Meir Ro-
senne met with President Frangois Mitterrand.
Rosennereportedlyprotestedthe meetingbetween
Cheyssonand 'Arafat.[AN]
The Israeligovernmentprotestedthe remarksof
AmbassadorSeelye. [FBIS]
Sept. 3: West Bankand Gaza Palestiniansstopped
workto protestIsraeliexcavationsunderthe Dome
of the Rock and Al-Aqsa Mosques in Jerusalem
[AN]
Sept.5: An unexplodedbombwas discoverednear
the PalestineMuseumin Jerusalem.[NYT]
Sept. 9: Begin, followinga meetingin Washington
with Reagan, told reporters he had advised the
Presidentthat the sale of AirborneWarningand
ControlSystem (AWACS)planes to Saudi Arabia
was a dangerto Israeli security. [NYT]
Sept. 10: Haig and Begin told newsmen that the
agreementthat had been reached on US-Israeli
"strategiccooperation"was not linked to the sale
of AWACSplanes to Saudi Arabia. [NYT]
Sept. 11: US Defense Departmentofficialssuggest-
ed to reportersthat the new US-Israeli security
relationshipbeing worked out following Begin's
visit to Washingtonwould be influenced by the
extent to which Israelceased to lobby Congressto
block the sale of AWACS planes to Saudi Arabia.
[WP]
Egyptcanceledan exchangeof visits with Israeli
militaryofficersbecause Israeli Chief of Staff Ra-
fael Eytan had told a Tel Aviv paperthat unrestin
Egypt mightlead to Sadat's fall. [WP]
EgyptianDefense MinisterMuh.ammad 'Abd al-
HalimAbfiGhazalaasked Israelfor an explanation
of Eytan's remarks.[NYT]
Sept. 12: Acting Israeli Prime Minister Simcha
Erlich said that Israel would build 4 more settle-
ments in the occupied territoriesbefore the end of
the year. [AN]
A grenadethrownin Jerusalemkilled an Italian
tourist. [NYT]
Haig, en route to Yugoslavia,met with Fahd in
Spain to explain the new US "strategic relation-
ship" with Israel. Reportedly, Haig also assured
him Congress would approve the AWACS sale.
[NYT]
Sept. 14: Speakingin New York, Begin said he had
reiteratedto Reaganthatthe AWACSsale to Saudi
Arabiaconstituted"a grave threatto the security
of Israel." [NYT]
An officialSaudi statementobjected to a State
Departmentspokesman'scomment that Fahd had
offered"no expressionsof disapproval"of the US
relationshipwith Israel when it was explained to
him by Haig in Spain. [NYT]
Sept. 15: Egyptian and Israeli representatives
meetingin Jerusalemon normalizationof relations
agreedto establishdirect telephoneand telex lines
between the 2 countries. [NYT]
Sept. 16: The Jordanian-Palestinian Joint Commit-
tee for Bolsteringthe Steadfastnessof the Palestin-
ian People in the Occupied Homeland met in
Amman and formed a special subcommittee to
assure allocation of welfare funds to needy West
Bank Palestinians.[FBIS]
The Secretariatof the IslamicConferenceOrga-
nizationissued a statementcondemningany "stra-
tegic cooperationagreement"between Israel and
the US. [FBIS]
Sept. 17:The IsraeliEmbassyin Washingtonasked
the State Departmentfor clarificationon the grant-
ing of a US entryvisa to PLO spokesmanMahmfid
Labadi.[FBIS]
Prince Fahd arrived in London for talks with
Prime Minister MargaretThatcher regardingthe
Saudi8-pointpeace proposal. [AN]
One of the executive directorsof the Internation-
al MonetaryFund (IMF) officiallyrequested that
the issue of observer status for the PLO be added
to the agenda of the joint annual meeting of the
IMFandWorldBankBoardsof Governors.[NYT]
Sept. 20: An Israel Defense Ministry spokesman
announceda planto shift responsibilityfor civilian
affairson the West Bank and Gaza to a "civilian
authority"accountableto Defense MinisterShar-
on. [JP]
Statistics relating to Palestinian operations
againstIsraeli interests for the decade 1970-1980
were released in Jerusalem. The report claimed
9,713 killed, 10,177wounded and $800m in dam-
age. Also reportedwere 281 attacksagainstIsraeli
and Jewish targetsin 50 other countries. [JP]
Sept. 23: The talks on Palestinianautonomy, pro-
vided for in the CampDavid accords, resumedin
Cairo.The Egyptianteam was headed by Foreign
MinisterKamalHasan 'Ali and the Israeliteam by
InteriorMinisterYosef Burg. The US was repre-
sented by Ambassadorto Egypt Alfred L. Ather-
ton. [NYT]
Seventy-three prisoners in Israel's Nafha jail
begana 24-hourhungerstrikeupon the occasion of
the renewalof Egyptian-Israelitalks. [FBIS]
Sept. 24: At the invitation of the Muslim World
League 'Arafatarrivedin Saudi Arabiato discuss
the Palestineissue in the context of Islamic con-
cerns. [FBIS]
The Egyptian,Israeli and US delgationsto the
renewed negotiationson self-rulefor Palestinians
announced a joint declaration pledging to seek
Palestiniancooperationin their efforts. [NYT]
The US State Departmentissued a statement
reaffirmingthe US commitmentto Jordanianterri-
torialintegrity.The statementalso confirmedthat
the US does not recognize the 1950 Jordanian
annexationof the West Bank. [FBIS]
Two people were arrestedin Cyprusfor a Sep-
tember 23 grenade attack on an Israeli shipping
agency in Limassol. [AN]
Sept. 26: Iraqi Foreign MinisterSaduinHammadi
addressedthe UN GeneralAssemblyon the Israeli
raidon Iraq'snuclearreactor. [FBIS]
In responseto Israel'sbombingof Iraq'snuclear
reactor, the InternationalAtomic Energy Agency
voted 51 to 8, with 27 absentions, to consider
suspendingIsrael next year. [NYT]
Israeli Defense Minister Sharon announced to
the cabinet his plan for extending civilian rule in
the occupiedterritories.[WP]
During a press conference in Bahrain, British
PrimeMinisterThatchersaid that Britainhad no
plansto recognizethe PLO because "Britaindoes
not recognize organizations, it recognizes only
states." [FBIS]
Sept. 28: Jordan'sCrownPrince Hasan addressed
the UN GeneralAssemblycalling"the tragedy"of
the Palestinianpeople the "core of the MiddleEast
crisis." [FBIS]
Begin said in an interviewthat Israel would not
"tolerate"the Syriananti-aircraftmissilesin Leba-
non's Bekaa Valley "forever" and that he would
welcome the resumption of US envoy Habib's
65
missionto bringabout their removal. [WP]
A bomb exploded next to a PLO checkpointin
southern Lebanon, killing 11 and wounding ap-
proximately45 people. [AN]
Sept. 29: A PLO spokesman in Beirut criticized
Thatcher'sstatementson the PLO. [FBIS]
Oct. 1: A bomb exploded in West Beirutoutside a
PLO office, killing and wounding more than 250
persons.Lebaneseofficialsblamed"agentsof Isra-
el." [NYT]
Oct. 2: The IMF-WorldBank Assembly formally
called on their executive councils to review the
issue of grantingobserverstatus to the PLO. [AN]
Oct. 5: 'Arafatmet with South Yemen's Presidium
Chairman'All Nasir Muhammadin Damascus.
[FBIS]
Oct. 6: The Israeli Defense Ministry confirmed
publiclythat an Israeli Saar-classmissile boat ran
agroundoff Saudi Arabia on September24. The
government of Saudi Arabia took no steps to
hamperthe retrievalof the boat. [NYT]
'Arafatarrivedin the People's Republicof China
on a tour of Asia includingVietnam, Japan and
North Korea. [AN]
Oct. 7: The Rome office of Israel's El Al airlines
and the nearbyresort of Ostia, heavily populated
by Soviet Jewish emigrees, were targets of bomb
attacks. [NYT]
Oct. 9: Majid AbfuSharar, member of the PLO
CentralCommitteeand al-Fath's Executive Com-
mittee,was killedin an explosion in his hotel room
in Rome. [NYT]
While attendingthe funeralof PresidentSadat,
Israeli Prime Minister Begin met with Egyptian
Vice PresidentHusni Mubarak.[NYT]
Oct. 10:FormerPresidentsGeraldFordandJimmy
Cartercalled for a policy of mutual recognition
between the PLO and Israel and for an American
dialoguewith the PLO. [NYT]
Oct. 12: In a response to comments by former
presidentsFord and CarteradvocatingAmerican
contacts with the PLO, Reagan said "there has
never been any refusalto talk with the PLO, there
has been only a conditionuntil they would recog-
nize the rightof Israel to exist as a nation, which
they still have never done." PLO observer to the
UN ZahidILabibTarzidescribedthe statementsof
Fordand Carteras "positive, constructive,signifi-
cant." [NYT]
Spokesmen for Chancellor Bruno Kreisky of
Austria said that 'Arafat's response to Sadat's
assassinationhad produced "unbridgeable"per-
sonal differencesbetween them that could affect
the future of relations between Austria and the
PLO. [NYT]
Oct. 13: Israelitroops on the West Bankpermitted
Palestinianstudentsto hold a demonstrationmark-
ingthe burialof MajidAbu Shararin Beirut. [NYT]
The US Supreme Court denied a request for
appealof the extraditionrulingin the case of Ziad
Abi'Ain. [WP]
66
The Oyo State Council of Nigeria passed a
resolutioncallingfor renewed diplomaticrelations
with Israel. [FBIS]
Oct. 14:PrimeMinisterZenkoSuzukiof Japanmet
with 'Arafat. According to a Japanese Foreign
Ministryspokesman, Suzuki told 'Arafatthat Ja-
pan supports a policy of mutual recognition be-
tween the PLO and Israel. [WP]
Oct. 15: Begin's spokesmanUri Poratrejectedthe
Saudi 8-pointpeace plan as the basis for negotia-
tions in the area. [FBIS]
Egyptian President Mubarakmet with former
IsraeliMinisterof Defense, Ezer Weizman.[NYT]
The PLOwithdrewits representativeto Rome in
protest against the Italian authoritieshandlingof
the investigationinto the deathof PLOofficialAbu
Sharar.[NYT]
Upon arrivalin Vietnam,'Arafatwas greetedby
PrimeMinisterPhon Van Dong and ForeignMinis-
ter Nguyen Co Thach. [NYT]
Sharon reaffirmedIsrael's commitmentto ex-
pandingsettlementson the West Bank. [NYT]
An aide to Begin said that Israel had accepted a
minor enlargementof the Palestinianadministra-
tive council, currentlythe subject of negotiations
betweenIsrael and Egypt. [NYT]
Oct. 16: SANA, the Syrian News Agency, called
for EgyptianPresidentMubarakto renounce the
Camp David accords or face continued violence.
[WP]
Oct. 17: 'Arafatreturnedto Beirut from a tour of
Asia. [FBIS]
Oct. 19: In a conversationwithjournalists,French
PresidentMitterrandannouncedFrance'sdecision
to send troops to participatein the Sinai multina-
tionalpeacekeepingforce. [WP]
'Arafatarrivedin Moscow for high-level talks.
[NYT]
Oct. 20: The Soviet government extended full
diplomaticstatus to the PLO. [WP]
An editorialin the KuwaitpaperAl-Siyasacalled
on Egypt not to annul the Camp David Accords.
[FBIS]
Britainagreed in principle to join France and
Italyin the Sinaimultinationalpeacekeepingforce.
[WP]
A bomb exploded in a Jewish district of Ant-
werp, killing2 and wounding99. [WP]
Oct. 21: Working-levelnegotiationson self-rulefor
Palestiniansopened in Israel with representatives
presentfrom Egypt, Israel and the US. [NYT]
India Today reports that up to 1,100 Indian
laborers have been recruited as mercenaries in
Lebanonby bothPLO and Christianmilitias.[AN]
'Arafatarrivedin Libyafor a 1-dayvisit. [FBIS]
Oct. 22: AustralianPrimeMinisterMalcolmFraser
saidthatAustraliawouldparticipatein the multina-
tional peacekeepingforce in Sinai if Britain and
Canadaalso agreed to do so. Britainhad already
said conditionallythat it will participatein the
force; Canadahad not. [WP]
Oct. 23: Followingthe election in Greeceof Social- Arabia's8-pointpeace-plancould halt negotiations
ist PrimeMinisterAndreasPapandreou,the Greek over self-rulefor the Palestinians.[WP]
governmentannouncedthat it was upgradingthe Italy announcedits decision to participatein a
status of the PLO office in Athens to an undeter- multinationalpeacekeepingforce in the Sinai. [WP]
minedlevel. [NYT] Oct. 31: The US Customs Service ruled that im-
Oct. 24: The Kuwait newspaperal-Siydsa praised portedgoods manufacturedin the West Bank must
Mubarak'srefrainingfrom criticizing other Arab bear the marking"Made in Israeli-occupiedWest
countries.The editorialcontinuedwith a statement Bank," not "Madein Israel." [NYT]
of understanding for Mubarak'scontinuationof the
CampDavid accordssayingthat "if the new Presi-
dentgives up the CampDavidaccords, all the Suez
Canaland Sinai oil will be immediatelytaken over
by Israel." [FBIS]
Oct. 25: EgyptianForeign MinisterAll arrivedin
General
Israelfor 3 days of negotiations.[WP] (See also, Arab-IsraeliConflict, Inter-Arab
Eighty thousand Israelis attended a Tel Aviv Affairs)
concertin honorof Sadat, assassinatedOctober6.
[JP] 1981
Oct. 27: The US House ForeignAffairsCommittee Aug. 7: Iraq sent a written message to Cuban
voted unanimouslyto approvelegislationthatguar- PresidentFidel Castro,in his capacityas Chairman
anteed American participationin a multinational of the Nonaligned Movement, protesting arms
peacekeepingforce in the Sinai. [NYT] cooperationbetween Israel and Iran. [FBIS]
At a dinner honoring Yemen's President 'All Aug. 13: Directorof the Arms Controland Disar-
'Abdallah alih.in Moscow, Soviet PremierLeonid mamentAgency Eugene V. Rostow said the US
Brezhnev renewed his call for an international hadbegun"preliminarydiplomatictalks" aimedat
conferenceon the MiddleEast to be presidedover an accordto keep the MiddleEast free of nuclear
by the Soviets andthe US. Brezhnevalso criticized weapons. [NYT]
the notionof "strategiccooperation"between the Aug. 14: The Egyptianpaper, al-Ahram,reported
US and Israel. [NYT] thatEgypt, Sudan,Nigeriaand Senegalhad agreed
The Saudinewspaper,al-MadFnacarriedan edi- to nominatemembersof theirparliamentsto be the
torial appealingfor restraintin Arab criticism of nucleusfor an assemblyof the proposedLeagueof
Egypt. The editorialsaid "we do not and must not Islamicand Arab Peoples. [FBIS]
expect PresidentMubarakto abrogatethe Camp Aug. 20: ABC News said that the French trading
David agreements at this time . . .". [NYT] company SETI had collaborated with Israel in
Oct. 28: A reportby Israel Defense MinisterShar- sendingUS-madespare parts to Iran. [WP]
on accusing the US of sending arms to Iraq was Aug. 21: "Accordingto senior State Department
"categoricallydenied" by the US State Depart- andWhiteHouse Officialsin the Carteradministra-
ment. [NYT] tion," Israel secretly sold Iran American-made
FollowingUS Senate approvalof the sale of an equipmentfor the F-4 fighterbombersin October
air defense enhancementpackageto SaudiArabia, 1980.[NYT]
Reagansent a letter to Begin pledgingUS support US State DepartmentspokesmanDean Fischer
to Israeland reiteratingUS commitmentsto guar- saidIsraelhadassuredthe United States it had not
antee Israel's technologicaland militaryedge over shippedany US equipmentto Iran. [WP]
the Arab states. [NYT] Arab League Secretary General Chadli Klibi
Twentymembersof a Muslimorganizationwere issued a statementdenouncingthe US for shooting
sentencedby an Israeli militarycourt to jail terms downLibyanplanesin the August 19clash over the
rangingfrom6 monthsto 10 years for membership Mediterranean.[NYT]
in an illegal organization.[JP] Aug. 22: The Gulf CooperationCouncil, made up
Oct. 29: The Israeli cabinet approveda statement of Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, the United Arab Emir-
of regretover the US Senate's approvalof the sale ates, Qatar, Oman and Bahrain, condemned the
of AWACS and other air defense equipment to US downingof the 2 Libyan planes. [WP]
SaudiArabia.[NYT] Aug. 28: The Sultanateof Omanrejectedthe stand
Israel and Egypt signed an agreement imple- of the Gulf Cooperation Council, which con-
menting the cultural cooperation clause in the demnedthe US for downingLibyan planes in the
peace treaty. [FBIS] Gulfof Sidra. [FBIS]
Referringto the Saudi 8-point peace plan, Rea- Sept. 16:IsmatKittani,Iraqidiplomat,was elected
gan said that "the most significantpart is the fact Presidentof the UN GeneralAssembly. [AN]
thatthey recognizedIsraelas a nationto be negoti- Oct. 22: An internationaleconomic summitconfer-
ated with." [WP] ence in Cancun,Mexico, was attendedby Prince
Oct. 30: Israeli Ambassador Ephraim Evron Fahdof SaudiArabiaand PresidentChadliBenje-
warnedSecretaryHaig that US supportfor Saudi did of Algeria.

67

Inter-ArabAffairs
(See also, General, Iran-Iraq Conflict)
1981
Aug. 23: The 11thConferenceof the Arab Parlia-
mentaryUnion Council concluded its meeting in
Damascus.[FBIS]
Oman, as a member of the Gulf Cooperation
Council, denounced the alliance formed between
South Yemen, Libya, and Ethiopia which was
signedin Aden August 19. [FBIS]
Aug. 31: The Gulf CooperationCouncil held its
first ministerialmeeting in Ta'if, Saudi Arabia.
[FBIS]
Sept. 5: The Arab League postponed until March
1982the special session to discuss a new charter.
[FBIS]
Sept. 11: The Arab League Council concluded its
76thsession, havingadoptedresolutionscallingfor
closer cooperationwith the Organizationof Afri-
can Unity and warningagainstany aid to Israel in
its plan to cut a canal from the Mediterraneanto
the Dead Sea. [FBIS]
Sept. 14: South Yemen PresidiumChairman'All
Nasir Muhammadreceived visitingSecretaryGen-
eral of the Gulf Cooperation Council 'Abdallah
Bishara, who explained the Council's objectives.
[FBIS]
Sept. 19: A summit meeting of the Steadfastness
and ConfrontationFront, attendedby Libya, Syr-
ia, Algeria,SouthYemenand the PalestineLibera-
tion Organization (PLO) ended in Libya. Its
communiquecalled for an oil boycott of the US.
[NYT]
Oct. 1: Egyptian Vice President Husni Mubarak
arrivedin Washingtonto discuss increasingarms
tranfers to the Sudan with President Reagan.
[NYT]
Oct. 12: Followingthe October 6 assassinationof
Egyptian President Anwar al-Sadat, Sudanese
PresidentJa'faral-Numarylsaid thathe anticipated
a Soviet backed Libyan invasion of the Sudan
throughChadin the near future. [NYT]
Oct. 13: The Foreign Minister of Chad, Ahmat
Acyl, said in an interview that "the territoryof
Chadcannotbe used as a base to attackany other
neighboringcountry." [NYT]
Oct. 18: EgyptianForeign MinisterKamal Hasan
'All declaredEgypt'scommitmentto defendSudan
in the event of aggression that might erupt as a
resultof PresidentSadat's assassination.[FBIS]
Oct. 19: The first conference of the Industrial
Cooperation Ministerial Committee of the Gulf
CooperationCouncilmet in Riyadh. [FBIS]
Oct. 26: Accordingto the EmiratesNews Agency,
14 countries agreed to attend the November 25
Arab summitconference in Fez, Morocco. These
include:The United Arab Emirates,SaudiArabia,
Morocco, Libya, Iraq, Jordan,Lebanon, Kuwait,
Qatar, the Sultanateof Oman, Bahrain, Somalia
68
and Sudan. [FBIS]
An Egyptianofficial told al-Ahrdmthat Egypt
"is not prepared"to participatein the summit.
[FBIS]
Petroleum Affairs
(See also, Saudi Arabia)
1981
Aug. 8: Accordingto the JordanianpaperAl-Ra'F,
Iraqhas decidedto builda new pipelinelinkingits
oil fields to Jordan'sport of Aqaba. [WP]
Aug. 12: The Kuwait paperArab Times reported
thatIraqseeks to constructa pipelineacross Saudi
Arabiato the Red Sea. [FBIS]
Aug. 21: A special3-daymeetingof OPEC,held in
Geneva, ended in failureto reach agreementon a
lower range of prices. Saudi Petroleum Affairs
MinisterShaykhAhmad Zaki Yamani, at a news
conferencefollowingthe meeting, said that Saudi
productionfor Septemberwould be reducedfrom
10mto 9m barrelsper day and thatfuturecutbacks
were to be decidedon a monthlybasis to keep the
pricefromfallingbelow $32 per barrel.[NYT]
Aug. 25: SaudiArabia'sPetrominBoardChairman
'Abdal-HadiTahirsaidthatthe recentlyconstruct-
ed pipelinebetween the Eastern District and the
Red Sea hadbeen tested successfully. He also said
agreementhadbeen reachedwith the Shell Compa-
ny for the constructionof a refineryin Al-Jubayl.
[FBIS]
Sept. 29: While maintainingits official price of
$35.50 per barrel, Kuwait began offeringa $1.10
perbarreldiscounton the priceof its oil. Similarly,
Omancut the priceof its oil goingto Japanbetween
October and December from $35.50 to $34 per
barrel.[AN]
Oct. 5: The Kuwait government announced its
intentionto purchaseSanta Fe InternationalCor-
porationof Californiafor $2.5 billion. [NYT]
Oct. 7: Iraqannounceda $2 per barrelreductionin
the priceof oil sold to Japanretroactiveto October
1. [AN]
Oct. 21: OPECMemberNigeria offeredto sell its
oil at $34.50 per barrel, $1.50 below its standard
discountprice. [NYT]
Oct. 25: Libya offereda $2 per barrelreductionin
the cost of its oil, reducingthe price per barrelto
$38. [NYT]
Oct. 28: The OPECnationsmet in a special session
in Geneva in an effort to establish a uniformoil
price structure.[WP]
Oct. 29: A decision reachedat the 61st (extraordi-
nary)OPECmeetingestablisheda uniformpricing
structure.The official communiquereleased fol-
lowingthis decision read in part, "the conference,
afterexaminingthe prevailingconditionsin the oil
market,and recognizingthe necessity to adopt a
unifiedpricingsystem for OPECcrudesin orderto
create the right conditions for stability in that
market,has resolved to set the officialprice of the
marker crude-Arabian light 34 degrees API
F.O.B. Ras Tanura-at $34per barrel,effectivenot
laterthan Nov. 1, 1981,and to abide by that price
untilthe end of 1982. [NYT]
Oct. 30: Followingthe establishmentof a uniform
pricing structure for OPEC, Saudi Arabia an-
nounceda reductionin the productionof oil to a
maximumof 8.5m barrelsper day. [WP]
Afghanistan
(See also, Oman, Syria, Pakistan)
1981
Aug. 6: Foreign Minister Shah MohammadDost
met with UN representativeJavierPerez de Cuel-
lar. [FBIS]
Kabulradioreportedthe execution of 6 "terror-
ists and saboteurs." [FBIS]
"Accordingto US State Departmentofficials"
the USSR "recently rebuffed"several US efforts
to start"secret discussions"on a possible political
settlementof fightingin Afghanistan.[NYT]
Aug. 12: The Soviet press agency Tass reported
that a borderpost with the Pakistanifrontierhad
been successfully defended by 43 Afghan army
regularsagainstan attack by 700 guerrillas.[WP]
Kabulradioannouncedchanges in the land dis-
tributionprogramthatlifted restrictionson acreage
held by religiousand triballeaders. [NYT]
Aug. 16: Vietnamese Deputy Foreign Minister
HoangVan Tienarrivedfor an officialvisit. [FBIS]
Aug. 19: Ministerof AgricultureFazel RahimMo-
mandleft at the head of a delegationon a visit to
North Korea. [FBIS]
Aug. 22: Five Afghanresistancegroupsformedan
allianceandcreateda 50-memberadvisorycouncil.
[AN]
Aug.23: Ministerof WaterandPowerRaz Moham-
mad Raktin returned from talks in the Soviet
Union. [FBIS]
Aug.25: KabulradioreportedMinisterfor Foreign
AffairsDost's departureon visits to "a numberof
friendlycountriesin the MiddleEast and Africa."
[FBIS]
Aug. 26: Ministerof Nationalitiesand Tribes Su-
laymanLa'eq left for a visit to Libya. [FBIS]
Aug. 27: The governmentissued a statementoffer-
ing to hold talks with Pakistan and Iran, either
togetheror separately,on a normalizationof rela-
tions that would lead to the withdrawalof Soviet
troops. It also accepted UN participationin the
talks. [WP]
Sept.6: A spokesmanfor BritishForeignSecretary
Lord Carringtonsaid he would seek UN support
for the European Economic Committee (EEC)
proposal for an internationalconference on Af-
ghanistan.[WP]
Sept. 7: The Councilof Ministersissued a resolu-
tion recalling discharged soldiers and reservists
under35 to active duty. [FBIS]
Soviet-supportedAfghantroops crossed the Pa-
kistaniborderinto ShahbaKilli village in Baluchi-
stan. [CSM]
Sept. 9: Foreign Minister Dost met with Prime
MinisterIndiraGhandiin New Delhi. [WP]
Dost returnedfrom visits to Syria, Ethiopiaand
India. [FBIS]
Sept. 15: The British BroadcastingCorporation
(BBC) cited "reliable sources" as reportingthat
the Soviet Embassyin Kabulhad been damagedin
a rocket attack and the head of the commercial
section killed. [FBIS]
Sept. 20: Sources in Pakistanreportedheavy fight-
ing in Kandaharfollowing recall of discharged
armyveteranson September7. [WP]
Sept.22: EgyptianPresidentAnwaral-Sadatsaidin
a US television interview that the US had been
buyingold Soviet-madearmsfromEgyptand send-
ing themto rebelsfightingSoviet forces in Afghani-
stan. US officialshad no comment. [WP]
Sept. 23: Afghangovernmentforces aided by Sovi-
et artilleryassaultedthe rebel controlledPaghman
mountains.[FBIS]
Sept.24: Karachiradioreportedthe Iraniancharge
in Pakistanhad said Iran would not participatein
talks on the Afghanissue unless Afghanmujahidin
representativeswere included. [FBIS]
Sept. 29: Afghan Press Agency reported Soviet
forces have attacked the Panjsher Valley after
extensive shellingof the area. [FBIS]
Sept. 30: Kabul's airport was closed to civilian
flights for the second day to allow for incoming
Soviet militaryflights,accordingto Agence France
Presse. [AN]
Oct. 1: PresidentZia ul-Haqof Pakistanreiterated
his country's continued supportfor Afghan refu-
gees andfor a "politicalsettlement"to the Afghan
issue. [FBIS]
Oct. 5: Afghan government officials denied that
their troops crossed the Pakistanborderearlierin
the week. [FBIS]
Oct. 12: PakistanRadio broadcastreports of the
new Soviet-led offensive against Paktia province.
[FBIS]
Oct. 20: Accordingto Agence France Presse, Af-
ghan rebel forces "closely surrounded"Kabul.
[FBIS]
Algeria
(See also, General, Inter-ArabAffairs, Iran,
Iraq, Morocco)
69
1981
Aug. 6: Former Libyan Premier 'Abd al-Salam
Jallid arrivedin Algiersto deliver a message from
Libyan Head of State Mu'ammaral-Qadhdhafi.
[FBIS]
Aug. 8: FrenchForeignMinisterClaudeCheysson
arrivedfor an officialvisit. [FBIS]
Aug. 21: Iraqideputy PremierTariq 'Aziz arrived
for a visit. [FBIS]
Aug. 29: Foreign MinisterMohamedSeddik Ben
Yahia returnedfrom medical treatment in Paris
followingan injuryin an air crash. [FBIS]
Sept. 2: Tunisian Premier Mohamed M'zali met
with PresidentChadliBenjedid. [FBIS]
Sept.25: The BerberDemocraticMovembercalled
for a one-week education strike, Agence France
Presse reportedfrom Paris. [FBIS]
Oct. 5: Algerianauthoritiesreleasednews of a fight
between police and Muslim religious militantsin
southernAlgeria the previous week. One police-
manwas killed and 10 wounded. [JP]
Oct. 13: President Benjedid met with Chadian
PresidentOueddeiin Algiers. [FBIS]
Oct.30:Agence FrancePresse reportedthat sever-
al dozen Berber students and religious militants
were sentenced in Algiers to jail terms up to 30
monthsfor participatingin demonstrationsin cities
throughoutAlgeria. [FBIS]
Bahrain
(See also, Arab-Israeli Conflict, General,
Inter-ArabAffairs, Saudi Arabia, Syria)
1981
Aug.9: Headof StateAmirShaykh'Isa ibn Salman
Al Khalifahreceived visiting Libyan Foreign Af-
fairs Secretary'Abd al-Salamal-Turayki.[FBIS]
Egypt
(See also, Arab-Israeli Conflict, General,
Inter-ArabAffairs,Afghanistan,Oman)
1981
Aug. 3: EgyptianPresidentSadat en route to the
United States, met in London with British Prime
MinisterThatcher.[NYT]
Aug4: PresidentSadatbeganan officialvisit to the
UnitedStates. [WP]
Aug. 9: Sadat visited former President Carterin
Plains, Georgia.[WP]
Aug. 16: The press reportedthat Sadat, duringhis
visit to Washington,obtaineda promisefromPresi-
dent Reaganto financean air and navalcomplex at
70
Ras Banas on the Red Sea. [FBIS]
Sept. 1: ForeignMinisterKamalHasan 'Ali left for
visits to Thailand,Singapore,China,North Korea,
and Japan.[FBIS]
Sept. 3: The government arrested or otherwise
detained "more than 1,000" critics of Sadat, in-
cludingreligiousextremists, intellectuals,and op-
ponents of the left and right. The journalist
MuhammadHasanayn Haykal was among them.
Publicationsof the Muslim Brotherhoodand of
Coptic associationswere banned. In addition,the
dissolutionof 13 religiousgroupswas ordered.All
detaineeswere to be triedon chargesof undermin-
ing social peace and nationalsecurity. [NYT]
Sept. 5: In a speech to Parliamentexplainingthe
arrest of opposition groups, Sadat said he had
cancelleda 1971decree installingPope ShenfidaIII
as the head of Egypt's Copts. A committee of 5
bishops, Saddtsaid, would carryout papalduties.
He also declaredthe MuslimBrotherhoodillegal.
[NYT]
Sept. 6: One of the Coptic bishops who was a
memberof the commissionset up to handlepapal
duties told reportersShenfudawas still considered
the Copt's spiritualleader. [WP]
The InternationalPress Institute formally pro-
tested to the governmentabout the arrestof Hay-
kal. [NYT]
Sept. 7: Additionalarrests brought to 1,536 the
numberof persons detained. [NYT]
The Egyptianpress said that Shenfudahad been
"advised"to stay in his monastery.[WP]
Sept. 9: Saddtsharplycriticizedwesternmediafor
suggestingEgypt had become "unstableand unre-
liable. " [WP]
A delegationof the People's Assembly, headed
by Deputy SpeakerMuhammadRadhwan,left to
attend the internationalparliamentarians'confer-
ence in Cuba. [FBIS]
Sept. 10: An AmericanBroadcastingCorporation
correspondentwas expelled for videotaping an
anti-Saddtinterview. [WP]
Voters approvedin a referendumthe measures
takento halt sectarianstrife. [WP]
Sept. 11:Demonstratorsat al-NfirMosquein Cairo
protestedthe replacementof the previous prayer
leaderby a governmentappointee. [WP]
Sept. 12: The Ministerof State for Religious En-
dowmentsannouncedthat67 mosquesbelongingto
the disbandedsocieties would be annexed to his
ministry.He also said that teachersfromAl-Azhar
or from the Islamic schools of the ministrywould
be appointedto the approximately46,000 govern-
ment and privatelyowned mosques. [FBIS]
Sept. 13: The residentcorrespondentof Le Monde
was asked to leave Egypt because of his "nega-
tive" reporting.[FBIS]
Sept. 15: The governmentexpelled the Soviet am-
bassador,6 membersof his staff, 2 Sovietjournal-
ists and over 1,000 Soviet technicianson charges
that they had attemptedto recruit dissidents and
subvertnationalunity. Also expelled was a mem-
ber of the Hungarianembassy's staff. [NYT]
Sept. 18: Police used teargas to breakup a demon-
strationin front of an east Cairomosque. [NYT]
Sept. 21: Cabinet changes were announced. The
posts of Ministerof State for PresidentialAffairs,
held by MansuirHasan, and Ministerof State for
Information,held by Shafi'i 'Abd al-Hamid,were
abolished. Deputy Prime Minister Ahmad Fu'ad
Muhyl al-Din was to assume the functions of
ministerof informationaffairs. Other changes in-
clude:
FikriMakram'Ubayd:Deputy Prime Ministerfor
the People's Assemblyand ConsultativeCouncil
Affairs
AlbertBarsumSalamah:Ministerof State
'Abd al-AkhirMuhammad'Umar 'Abd al-Akhir:
Ministerof Statefor the People's Assemblyand
ConsultativeCouncilAffairs
Muhammad'Abd al-Hamid Radhwan: State for
Culture
MikhtarHasan Salim Hani: State for Peoples As-
semblyand ConsultativeCouncilAffairs [FBIS]
Sept. 24: The Egyptiancabinet issued guidelines
regardingdomestic security. Provisions called for
increased security on university campuses and
included restrictions on the use of mosques for
politicalpurposes[FBIS]
Sept. 26: Duringa speech at the dedication of a
fertilizer plant in Mansura, Sadat defended his
earlierarrestsof politicaland religiousopponents.
He said "they have to understandthat democracy
has its own teeth." [NYT]
Sept. 27: MahmudRidd, secretary general of the
Arab League from 1972 to 1979, died in Yugosla-
via. [AN]
Sept. 28: The second national congress of the
National DemocraticParty opened at Cairo Uni-
versity with speeches by Vice-PresidentMubarak
and ForeignMinister'All. [FBIS]
Oct. 3: Mubarakmet with Secretaryof State Alex-
anderHaig. [NYT]
Oct. 6: While reviewing a military parade com-
memoratingthe 1973 war with Israel, Sadat was
assassinatedby a group of men wearinguniforms
and participatingin the parade. [WP]
Others killed in the assassinationwere Bishop
Samuel, head of the Coptic Papal Council, Army
Chief of Staff 'Abd Rabb al-Nabi Hafiz, presiden-
tial secretary Fawzi 'Abd al-Hafiz and Omani
defense official Lieutenant Colonel Kahlan ibn
Nasir al-Ghammari.Upon the announcementof
the assassinationa one-year state of emergency
was declared and a 40-day period of mourning
began. [FBIS]
Oct. 7: EgyptianDefense Minister 'Abd al-Halim
Abu Ghazalaannouncedthat a group of four sol-
diers, actingalone, were responsiblefor the assas-
sinationof PresidentSadat. [NYT]
The NationalAssembly unanimouslynominated
Vice PresidentMubarakto succeed Sadat. [NYT]
Oct. 8: In Asyut, securityforces foughtrepeatedly
with religiousmilitants.[NYT]
In a telephone call to Agence France Presse in
Beirut,a groupcallingitself the IndependentEgyp-
tian Liberation Organization:Military Faction,
claimed responsibilityfor armed attacks against
government offices in Asyfit. The same group
claimedresponsibilityfor the assassinationof Sa-
dat. [FBIS]
Egyptian and Libyan forces were placed on
"highalert" along their commonborder. [NYT]
Oct. 9: The Egyptian government identified the
organizerof Sadat's assassinationas Khalid Ah-
madShawqial-Islambfili,a Lieutenantin the Egyp-
tian armyand memberof the clandestineal-Takfir
wal-Hijraorganization.[NYT]
Oct. 10: Fightingbetween securityforces and reli-
gious militantsin Asyft continued. Estimates of
casualtiesamong the police rangedfrom 44 to 54
killed. [FBIS]
President Sadat was buried in Cairo. Among
hundredsof Egyptianand world political leaders
attendingthe funeralwas a largeAmericandelega-
tion including Secretary of State Haig, Defense
SecretaryCasperW. WeinbergerandformerPresi-
dents RichardM. Nixon, GeraldFord and Jimmy
Carter.[NYT]
Whilein Cairo,Haigmet with a numberof heads
of state, includingMenahemBegin of Israel, Presi-
dent Ja'far al-Numayriof Sudan, President Mu-
hammadSa'id Barre of Somalia and the Deputy
PrimeMinisterof Oman, Fahd ibn Mahmuidal-Bui
Sa'id. [NYT]
Oct. 12: The Egyptiangovernmentannouncedthe
dismissalof 18 armyofficers. [WP]
An officialSoviet communique"condemnedUS
attemptsat interferingin any way with the internal
affairsof the Arab Republicof Egypt." [FBIS]
Oct. 13: Presidentialelections were held through-
out Egypt. [NYT]
Egypt'sarmedforces, police and specialsecurity
units exchanged gunfire with militant dissidents
nearthe pyramidson the outskirtsof Cairo.Also, 2
bombsexplodedat Cairoairport.[NYT]
Oct. 14: Mubarakwas sworn in as President of
Egypt. He promisedthat "CampDavid and peace
with Israel will continue in all its letters and
commitment." The President also promised to
apply "the razor sharpsword of the law" against
opponentsof his government.[NYT]
Oct. 15: Mubarakannouncedthe composition of
his cabinet. Except for the position of vice presi-
dent, which will remain vacant, there were no
changesfrom Sadat's cabinet. [NYT]
The US dispatched2 AWACSplanesto Egyptto
patrol the western desert area borderingLibya.
[NYT]
Soviet PremierLeonid I. Brezhnev, in a letter
congratulatingMubarakon his election as presi-
dent, wrote that "readiness on your part to im-
prove relations between Egypt and the Soviet
71
Union . . . will always meet with understanding
and supportfrom the Soviet side." [NYT]
Oct. 19: Mubaraksaid in an interviewthat "Mus-
lim fanatics with their principles far away from
Islam" were responsible for the assassinationof
Sadat. Mubarakalso said he wanted better rela-
tions with the Arab states. [NYT]
Thirty Egyptian officers and 104 enlisted men
were dismissedfrom the armyfor "extremistreli-
gious leanings." [NYT]
Oct. 24: Al-Ahrdmreportedthat securityunits had
arrestedover 350 members of the al-Takfirwal-
Hijraorganization.[NYT]
Oct. 25: The Egyptiangovernmentreporteda se-
ries of clashes between police and Muslimopposi-
tion groups which left I demonstratorkilled and
397 arrested.[WP]
Oct. 26: Egyptianauthoritiesestimatedthat 75 per
cent of the membershipof al-Takfirwal-Hijrahad
been arrested.[FBIS]
Oct. 28: Two AWACSplanes sent to EgyptOct. 15
were withdrawn.[NYT]
Oct. 31: In new details regardingthe assassination
of Sadat on October6, 12 Egyptianarmy officers
and soldiers were implicated.They were accused
of membershipin a militant Muslim group, al-
Jihad, led by an engineer, Muhammad'Abd al-
SalamFarag.Five hundredmembersof the group
were arrested.[WP]
Mubaraksaid in an interviewthat Egypt would
follow a policy of limited detente with the Arab
world while emphasizingthe internalsituation as
Egypt's main interest. "We will pay much more
attentioninternally,"he said. [WP]
Iran
(See also, General, Afghanistan, Iran-Iraq
Conflict, Iraq, Oman, Saudi Arabia, United
ArabEmirates)
1981
Aug. 1: Deposed PresidentAbfllhasanBani Sadr
moved for securityreasons from a suburbof Paris
to Auvers-sur-Oise,west of the capital. [WP]
Aug. 2: AyatallahRuihAllah Khumayniconfirmed
Muhammad'Ali Raja'ias president,while bombs
explodednearthe presidentialoffice. Tehranradio
blamedthe explosions on the Mujahidini-Khalq.
[WP]
The Economic MobilizationHeadquartersan-
nounced that the governmentwould buy the rice
harvest in Gilan and Mazandaranprovinces and
distributeit throughretail guild and cooperation
units. [FBIS]
Aug. 3: Ministerof State for Executive affairsand
governmentspokesmanBahzadNabaviannounced
that PresidentRaja'ihad chosen EducationMinis-
72
ter MuhammadJavadBahunarto serve as premier.
[WP]
Aug. 5: Majlisdeputyfor TehranHasan Ayat was
assassinated.[FBIS]
TehranradioannouncedthatMajlisspeakerHuj-
jat al-IslamHashimiRafsanjanihadbeen appointed
"managingdirector of the Voice and Vision of
Iran"in view of the "importanceand the extraor-
dinary sensitivity of the mass media . . ." [FBIS]
Aug. 6: Authoritiesrefused to permit 62 French
nationalsto leave the country,sayingit was neces-
sary to insure they were leaving no debts. They
were the first of some 110 preparingto leave
followinga warningfrom French PresidentFran-
qois Mitterrandabout possible retaliationfor the
asylumgrantedBani Sadr. [NYT]
Aug. 7: Supportersof Bani Sadrseized the Iranian
Interests Section of the Algerian Embassy in
Washington.One demonstratorwas shot before
the police and the FBI restoredorder. [NYT]
Aug. 8: The Iraniannews agency Pars reported
IslamicJudgeHujiatal-IslamAhmadFaqiniand 2
of his bodyguardshad been assassinated in Jeh-
rom. [WP]
Aug.9: Pars reported19people hadbeen executed
on charges of sedition. According to UPI, these
executionsraisedto 441 the numberputto deathon
political charges since the ouster of Bani Sadr.
[NYT]
TehranradioreportedBani Sadr's aide Husayn
Navvab-Safavihad been arrested.[FBIS]
Aug. 10: The Bu ShihrRevolutionaryProsecutor's
offices broadcasta request that residents of the
borderregionsprevent"US mercenariesand their
allies such as the hypocrites," i.e. the Mujahidin,
fromcrossingthe border. [FBIS]
A groupof 57 French citizens was permittedto
leave Iranaboardan IranAir flightto Paris. [WP]
AyatallahKhumayni,in a speech broadcastby
Tehranradio, said all those who had gone abroad
and wanted to overthrow the government could
returnif they repented. [NYT]
Aug. 11:Raj&'irepliedto a congratulatorymessage
on his assumingthe presidencyfrom FrenchPresi-
dent Mitterrand,termingthe message "a lie" and
sayingFrancehad aided Iran's enemies. [WP]
Tehranradio said a personal representativeof
Khumayni,Sayyid Kazim Nur Mufidi, had been
assassinatedin Gurgan.[NYT]
Tehranradioreportedthat the navy had stopped
a Danishmerchantshipin the PersianGulfalleged-
ly carryingexplosives and war materialfor Iraq.
The cargowas seized andthe shipreleased. [FBIS]
Iranianstudentssaying that they were members
of the MujOhidini-Khalq seized hostages in the
Iranianembassyin Norwaybut releasedthemafter
talkingto police and the press. [WP]
Aug. 12:Pars reported100membersof the military
branch of the Mujahidlni-Khalq [referredto as
"the hypocrites"] had been arrested in Isfahan.
[FBIS]
 The Revolutionary Guards Corps announced
that an attack on its headquartershad been re-
pulsedand the perpetratorsarrested. [FBIS]
The Central News Unit interviewed Colonel
Mi'inpfir, identifiedas "acting commanderof the
airforce," on changesin the airforce becauseof its
role in Bani Sadr's escape. He said 6 arrests had
been madeand investigationswere still underway.
[FBIS]
Aug. 13: Agence France Presse (AFP) reported
that army troops had joined the Revolutionary
Guardin patrollingTehrangovernmentbuildings.
[FBIS]
PrimeMinisterBahunarpresentedthe following
ministersto the Majlis:
MuhammadSalamati:Agriculture& Rural Devel-
opment
HabiballahAsghar-'UladiMusalmani:Commerce
Col. Sa'id MuisaNamjui:Defense
HusaynNamazI:EconomicAffairs & Finance
'Ali AkbarParvarish:Education & Training
MansurShahidi:Energy
MirIHusaynMusavi:Foreign Affairs
Dr. Hadi Manafi:Health
Muhammad'Ali Najafi:Higher Education & Cul-
ture
MuhammadShahab-Gonabadi: Housing & Urban
Development
MustafaHashimi:Industries
MuhammadRiza MahdaviKani:Interior
MuhammadAsghari:Justice
MuhammadMlr-Muhammad-Sadiq: Labor & So-
cial Affairs
'Abd al-MajidMadikhah:National Guidance
MuhammadQaravi:Petroleum
MurtadhaNabavi:Post, Telegraph& Telephone
HusaynTajgardan:Roads & Transport
BahzadNabavi: State for ExecutiveAffairs
MahmudRuhlani:State for Welfare
HusaynMusaviyan:State in Chargeof the Nation-
al Steel Company
Mulhammad Taqi Banki: State in Charge of the
Plan & Budget Organization[FBIS]
Aug. 14: Rafsanjanisaid in a Majlisspeech that at
least 10Mujahidinor Paykarhideoutswere discov-
ered and destroyeddaily. [FBIS]
A patrol boat sold by France to Iran was hi-
jacked off the coast of Spain by the monarchist
group Azadigan (Born Free) headed by former
ArmyChief of Staff, Bahram'Aujana.[NYT]
The ForeignMinisterissued a statementsaying
that the US Central IntelligencpAgency had ar-
ranged the hijackingof the patrol boat. Iranian
Commanderin Chief General Val! Allah Fall&hi
announcedthat he held Spainresponsiblebecause
the boat had been hijacked in Spanish waters.
[NYT]
Aug. 15: A US ImmigrationService official an-
nouncedthat screeningof Iranianstudents in the
US orderedby formerPresidentCarterhad shown
that of 64,328 students counted, 2,751 had been
deportedand 6,274 had left voluntarily.Since late
1979an additional3,695 Iranianstudents had en-
tered the countrylegally. [NYT]
Aug. 17:Tehranradioreportedthe execution of 23
leftists. Accordingto Reuters, this raised to about
500 the numberof Iraniansexecuted since Bani
Sadrwas ousted. [NYT]
The Majlis endorsed 21 of the 22 ministers
namedby PremierBahunar,rejectingthe appoint-
ment of Husayn Tajgardanas transportminister.
[NYT]
Aug. 18:Bani Sadrsaid in an interviewthat the US
had offered him political asylum. A US State
Departmentspokesmandenied this. [WP]
Aug. 19: The anti-Khumaynicommandossurren-
deredthe hijackedgunboatto Frenchauthoritiesat
Toulon. The French governmentagreed to return
the boat but refused to extradite the hijackers.
[WP]
Aug.21: The leaderof the Azadigangroupof exiles
that hijackedthe patrol boat, former naval com-
manderAdmiralKamal Habib Allah, said that he
would leave France and return to an "operation
headquarters"on the bordersof Iran. [NYT]
Approximately12 were killed in Tehranclashes
between Revolutionary Guards and Mujahidini
i-Khalq.[NYT]
Aug. 23: Accordingto the CentralNews Unit, 460
people belonging to "counterrevolutionarymini-
groups"were arrestedin Tabriz. [FBIS]
Aug. 23: Ban! Sadr's wife and son arrived in
France, reportedlyhaving boardedan Air France
planein Karachi.[NYT]
Tehranradiosaid480 counterrevolutionaries had
been arrestedin Tehran,Tabrizand Shiraz. [WP]
Aug. 24: Justice MinisterAsghari,in an interview
in the paperAzadigdn reportedby AFP, praised
the speed of the revolutionarycourts, pointingout
they had ordered over 700 executions since the
ousterof Ban! Sadr. [FBIS]
Aug.25: IranianstudentsopposingKhumayniwere
arrestedafteroccupyingIranianembassies in Bel-
giumand the Netherlands.[NYT]
Aug. 26: Tehranradio announcedthat the Majlis
haddeclaredthat service underthe late Shah as an
ambassador,a governor,a parliamentary deputyor
a cabinet official would be considered a crime.
[NYT]
Aug. 30: PresidentRaja'iand Bahunarwere killed
when a bomb exploded in the premier'soffice in
Tehran.An officialannouncementof the bombing
called it "a last-ditch effort by American hire-
lings." [NYT]
Aug.31:Pars reportedthat3 othershadbeen killed
and 15 woundedin the explosion at the premier's
office. Khumayni,in a speech broadcastfrom his
home duringthe funeral of Raja'i and Bahunar,
said the nationwas calm. [NYT]
Bani Sadr said in a French radio interviewthat
he had not been involved in the bombing of the
premier'soffice. Mujahidinleader Mas'id Rajavi
73
said it had been carriedout by "the resistance"of
which his organizationcomprised the majority.
[NYT]
Tehranradioreportedthat 55 governmentoppo-
nents had been executed Aug. 30-31. [WP]
The Ahwaz Security Headquartersimposed a
curfewfrom 7 pm to 6 am. [FBIS]
Majlis Speaker Rafsanjani and Chief Justice
'Abd al-KarimMfisavi Ardabili were named as
membersof a presidentialcouncil to serve until a
new presidentwas elected. [NYT]
Sept. 1: The Majlisapprovedthe presidentialcoun-
cil's nominationof InteriorMinisterHuijatal-Islam
MuhammadRiza Mahdavi-Kani,then announced
3 cabinetchanges from the previousgovernment:
Kamalal-DinNikravish:Interior
Hadi Nijad Husayni: Transportation
HasanGhafuiri-Fard: Energy [FBIS]
In an address to visiting Pakistani students,
broadcastby Tehran radio, Khumayniurged the
courts to exercize "self-control"[WP]
Hujiat al-Islam 'All Khaman'i was elected to
replace the assassinated Bahunaras head of the
IslamicRepublicanParty. [NYT]
Sept. 2: RevolutionaryGuards clashed with the
Mujahidini-Khalqfor 8 hoursin southeastTehran.
[FBIS]
AyatallahMuhammadRiza Mahdavi-Kaniwas
nominatedas PrimeMinister.[CSM]
Mujahidini-Khalqleader RajavIsaid he wished
to meet with Palestine Liberation Organization
(PLO)leaderYasir 'Arafatandclaimedhe had met
with Fath central committee member Hani al-
Hasan. In response, the PLO issued a statement
that Hasan was not authorizedto carryout official
duties. [FBIS]
Sept. 3: Tehran radio reported heavy fightingas
RevolutionaryGuardsbesieged Mujahidin"hide-
outs." [WP]
Sept. 5: ProsecutorGeneral 'Ali Indfisiwas killed
in a bomb blast at his office. [WP]
Tehranradio said the SupremeJudicialCouncil
had appointedHujat al-IslamHusayn MuisaviTa-
brizi, head of the East Azerbaijancourts, to suc-
ceed Indfisias ProsecutorGeneral. [WP]
Police chief Colonel Hfishang Dastgardi died
followinginjuriesin a bomb explosion. [NYT]
The newspaperKayhdnreportedthat 7 Revolu-
tionaryGuardshad been assassinatedin Zahidan.
[FBIS]
In a radioaddress, KhumaynidescribedIranas
"the most stable country in the world," able to
namea new premiervery soon afterone is assassi-
nated. [WP]
Sept. 9: Khumayni's office announced that he
wouldhold no meetingsSept. 12-26. [FBIS]
Accordingto Pars, troops took over the town of
Ushnuyehin West Azerbaijanfromthe rebel Kurd-
ish DemocraticParty. [NYT]
Sept. 11: Khumayniaide AyatallahAssadallahMa-
dani was assassinated in Tabriz at the prayer
74
ceremonyhe was conducting.Twelve worshippers
were wounded. [WP]
MuhsinRiz&'iwas appointedCommanderof the
RevolutionaryGuards.[WP]
Sept. 13: Tehranradio said the bomb that killed
BahunarandRaja'ihadbeen plantedby a secretary
in the primeminister'soffice. [NYT]
Sept. 15: The Islamic RepublicanParty (IRP) en-
dorsedits SecretaryGeneralKhaman'ias its candi-
date for president in elections scheduled for
October2. [NYT]
Sept. 16: Shiraz radio reported the arrest of 18
personstryingto leave the countryillegally.[FBIS]
Sept. 17: The Associated Press cited "sources in
Iran"as estimatingthat 100executions took place
daily in Tehran,comparedto about 20 before the
ouster of Bani Sadr. [WP]
Sept. 18: Chief Justice Ardabili announced that
demonstratorsand political dissidents would be
triedimmediatelyupon arrestand put to death if 2
people testifiedagainstthem. [NYT]
Sept. 19:The namesof 82 personsexecutedin Evin
Prison, which were published by the newspaper
Ittila'at, includedthe son of MajlisdeputyAyatal-
lah GuzadinGhaffiri.[NYT]
Foreign MinisterMfisavi returnedfrom Libya,
where he had attended the meeting of the Stead-
fastness and ConfrontationFront. [FBIS]
The Councilof Guardiansapprovedthe follow-
ing as candidatesfor the October 2 presidential
elections: Khaman'l; Mahdavi-Kani;Education
MinisterParvarish,Energy MinisterGhafuiri-Fard
andformerDeputyInteriorMinisterRiza Zavara'i.
The first2 hold religioustitles, Hujjatal-Islamand
Ayatallahrespectively, makingthis the first time
Shi'&notablescontestedfor the presidency.[NYT]
The Chief Justice disclosed that the officialre-
sponsiblefor bombingthe premier'soffice had not
died in the blast but was being sought. He was
identifiedas Mas'fidKashmir!,formerlyin charge
of security.[NYT]
Sept. 23: At the start of the new school year,
Khumaynicalled for a purgeof left-wingstudents
and teachers. [NYT]
Sept. 26: An Iraniandelegationto the UN delayed
its departureafter the US warned that it would
deny visas to members of the delegation who
played a role in the take-over of the American
Embassy. [NYT]
Sept. 27: Fifty-threepeople were executed in Isfa-
hanfor "armedactivityagainstthe IslamicRepub-
lic of Iran." Pars, reported intense fighting
between RevolutionaryGuards and Mujahidini-
Khalq in central Tehran. Seventeen people were
reportedkilled and 40 wounded. [FBIS]
IslamicRevolutionCourtsthroughoutIran sen-
tenced73 people to death:59 for crimesagainstthe
state and 14 for drug-relatedoffenses. [FBIS]
Sept. 28: Fifty-fourpeople convicted of participa-
tion in the previousday's armedclashes in Tehran
were executed. Three others were also executed,
includinga close aide of Ban! Sadr, HusaynNavab Iranradioreportedthe executionof 37 members
Safavi. According to AFP, the numberexecuted of the "hypocrites organization" in Isfahan.
may have been as high as 110. [WP] [FBIS]
Sept. 29: Forty-three anti-governmentactivists Oct. 10: Tehranradio announcedthe execution of
were executed. [NYT] 82 people. Seventy-threewere identifiedas mem-
Pars radioannouncedthe assassinationof Huijat bers of the Muj&hidin i-Khalq. [FBIS]
al-Islam'Abd al-KarimHakimNazhad, Secretary Oct. 11: Tehranradioreportedthe execution of 82
of the IslamicRepublicanParty,in Mashad.[FBIS] leftists. [WP]
Defense MinisterMusa Namjfi, Armed Forces Oct. 13: Tehranradioreportedthat 'All Khaman'l
Chief of Staff GeneralVali Allah Fallahl, and his was swornin as president.
adviser Colonel Javad Fakiiri were aniong those Oct. 14: Tehran radio reported that 20 "hypo-
killed in a plane crash returningfrom the Iraqi crites" hadbeen executed throughoutIran. [FBIS]
front. [WP] Oct. 15: PrimeMinisterMahdaviKhani resigned.
Sept. 30: Duringan interviewwith Pars radio, the [NYT]
governorof the CentralBank of Iransaid that Iran Oct. 20: The Iran-US Claims Tribunalopened in
would continue as a memberof the International the Hague.The tribunalwill review claimsfiled by
MonetaryFund. [FBIS] Americannationalsandcorporationsfor losses due
Oct. 1: Bani Sadr announced he would act as to actions resultingfrom the IranianRevolution.
presidentof a government-in-exileand that Rajavi Nine claims totalling $200 million were filed.
would serve as head of a National Council of [MEED]
Resistance. [WP] PresidentKhaman'inamed'All AkbarValyatias
New militaryappointmentswere announcedfol- primeminister.[FBIS]
lowingthe September29 planecrashwhich killed4 Oct. 21: Khaman'imet in Tehranwith a delegation
top militaryofficials.BrigadierGeneralQasim 'All fromthe Lebanese Shi'a Amal movement. [FBIS]
ZahirNajadwas appointedChief of the Joint Staff In a speech broadcast on Tehran radio Khu-
of the Armed Forces and Colonel 'All Sayyid maynicalled on the RevolutionaryGuardsto "re-
Shirazl was appointed Commander of Ground move its defects" and "eliminate the fanatics"
Forces. [FBIS] fromits ranks. [NYT]
Prime Minister Mahdavi Khani withdrew his Oct. 22: The IranianParliamentrejectedthe nomi-
candidacyin the presidentialelections. [FBIS] nationof 'All AkbarValayatifor primeministerby
Oct. 2: According to Agence France Presse, voter a vote of 80-74 with 38 abstentions.[WP]
turnoutin the presidentialelections was low and 15 Oct.23: Rafsanj&ni said90%of the mainopposition
year-oldseligible to vote for the first time did not forces had been destroyed. [NYT]
exercise their franchise to the extent expected. Oct. 26: Pars, reportedthat more than 1,000 gov-
[FBIS] ernment officials had been killed in the past 4
Rafsanjaniadmitted that sabotage could have months. [NYT]
caused the September29 plane crash that killed 4 Both official and clandestine radio described
top militaryofficials. [FBIS] extensiveclashesbetweenKurdishrebelsandRev-
Oct. 3: Agence France Presse reported that Ma- olutionaryGuardforces in Bukan. [FBIS]
s'fid Rajavisaid he had no plans to form a govern- Oct. 27: Formereditor of the newspaperJamhari
ment in exile with former President BanI Sadr. Isldmi Mir Husayn Mfisavi, was nominated for
[FBIS] primeminister.[WP]
Oct. 5: The final results of the Presidentialelec- Oct. 28: The NationalAssembly by vote of 115 to
tions were announced. The total votes were 39 with48 abstentions,approvedthe nominationof
16,846,996. 'All Khaman'l received 16,007,972 Mfisavias the fifth prime ministerof the Islamic
votes; Sayyid Akbar Parvarishreceived 341,841 Republic.[WP]
votes, Hasan Ghaffirireceived 78,658 votes, and Oct. 31: Khaman'iformallyappointedMisavi as
Riza Zavvara'ireceived 62,156 votes. There were primeminister.[WP]
356,369invalidvotes. [FBIS]
Agence France Presse, quoting from a story in
the TehrandailyKayhan,reportedthe executionof
61 people in Tehran,all prisonersat Evin Prison.
[FBIS]
Oct. 6: In Ankara,Iranianopponentsof the Khu-
mayni government briefly occupied the Iranian
Iran-IraqConflict
embassy in protest against the rising number of (See also, General,Iran, Iraq)
politicalexecutions in Iran. [NYT]
Oct. 7: In a speech to the Parliament,formerPrime 1981
MinisterMihdiBazargancriticizedthe mass execu- Aug. 1: An Iranianmilitarycommuniquereported
tions of suspected membersand supportersof the that the air force had hit and destroyeda pumping
Mujahidlni-Khalq. [NYT] stationand oil installationsin Takrit.[FBIS]

75
Aug. 6: The Nonaligned Conference delegation
seeking to mediate between Iran and Iraq, and
consistingof representativesof India, Cuba, Zam-
bia and the Palestine Liberation Organization
(PLO),arrivedin Tehran.[FBIS]
Aug. 8: IranianPresident Muhammad'Ali Raja'i
met with the NonalignedConferencemission and
said afterwardsthe war would continue until final
victory. [FBIS]
Aug. 9: Iraqi PresidentSaddamHusayn received
the NonalignedConferencedelegation.[FBIS]
Aug. 10: An Iranian military communique said
Iranianforces had checked an Iraqiattack, coming
from the Sulaymaniyaharea, killing or wounding
300 Iraqisoldiers. [FBIS]
Aug. 12: According to the Iraniannews agency,
Pars, Iraqiforces had employed chemicalwarfare
in the Tamarchinpass west of Piranshah.[FBIS]
Aug. 18: An Iraqi militarycommuniquereported
197Iranianskilled in fightingin the Dezful region.
[FBIS]
Aug. 19: Accordingto Tehranradio, Iranianforces
on the Ilamfront recapturedterritoryheld by Iraq
and killed 150 Iraqisin the battle. [FBIS]
Aug. 25: Tehranradioreportedthe exchange with
Iraq of 40 prisoners,arrangedby the Red Cross.
The radioclaimedmost of the Iranianswere civil-
ians. [FBIS]
Sept. 3: An Iraqi military communique said its
forces had killed 5,000 Iranians in 3 days and
repulsedan Iranianoffensivein the Susangardarea
in the heaviest fightingsince the first monthof the
war. [NYT]
According to the Iraqi News Agency (INA),
Iraqiforces killed 41,779 Iraniantroops and shot
down701 Iranianjets andhelicoptersin the past 12
monthsof warfare.[FBIS]
Sept. 4: An Iranian communique said an Iraqi
position west of Ahwaz had been recapturedand
morethan 100 Iraqitroops killed. [FBIS]
Sept. 13: INA reportedthat 2 Iranianfighterplanes
were shot down in "the northern battle zone."
[FBIS]
Sept. 18:An Iraniancommuniquesaid the airforce
hadshot down9 IraqiMIG's since Sept. 15. [FBIS]
Sept.23: Iraq'sofficialdaily newspaperal-Thawra,
criticizedthe SteadfastnessFront states, particu-
larly Syria, for inviting an Iranian delegation to
participatein the Benghazi Conference with ob-
server status. [FBIS]
Sept. 27: Pars reported that Iranianforces, in a
majorvictory, had driven the Iraqis back across
the Karun River from Abadan to Ahwaz. The
agency said 3,000 Iraqisoldiershad been captured
and 600 killed. [WP]
Sept. 28: An Iraqi military spokesman acknowl-
edged that Iranianforces had damagedbridgeson
the KarunRiverandthatIraqitroopshadmoved to
the west of the waterway. [WP]
Oct. 1: Three Iranianaircraftattackedoil installa-
tions in northernKuwait, according to Kuwait's
76
Ministerof State for CabinetAffairs'Abd al-'Aziz
Husayn. [MEED]
Deputy ForeignAffairsMinisterof Iran Ahmad
'Azizi, deniedthat Iranianplanes were involved in
an attackon Kuwait'soil installations.[FBIS]
Iran reported offensives on the Malak Shahi,
Susangard,Dezful and Ahwaz fronts. [FBIS]
JordanandQatarofferedtheirsupportto Kuwait
in the event of attack. [NYT]
In an officialcommunique,the Joint Staffof the
Armed Forces of Iran announced air raids on 4
targetswithinIraq. [FBIS
Oct. 4: Kuwait's Minister of State for Cabinet
Affairs, Husayn announced a decision to recall
their ambassador to Iran following the Oct. 1
Iranianair attack on Kuwaitioil facilities. [FBIS]
Oct. 5: Fightingcontinuedalongthe Iraq-Iranfront
at Susangard,Dezful, Ahwaz and Khorramshahr.
[FBIS]
Oct. 19: Iraqiauthoritiesannouncedthe details of
an air raid on Iran's Bandar i-ShapfirPort and
nearbymilitaryinstallations.[FBIS]
Iraq
(See also, Arab-Israeli Conflict, General,
Inter-ArabAffairs,PetroleumAffairs,Algeria,
Iran-IraqConflict, Morocco, Qatar, Tunisia,
Turkey)
1981
Aug. 6: Libyan Secretaryfor Foreign Affairs 'All
'Abd al-Salam al-Turaykiarrived for an official
visit. [FBIS]
Aug. 13: A delegationof the Soviet-IraqiFriend-
ship Society left for a visit to the USSR. [FBIS]
Aug. 15: Jordan'sKing Ijusayn arrivedfor official
talks. [FBIS]
Aug. 19: According to "a French government
source," PresidentFranqoisMitterrandagreed "in
principle"to help Iraqrebuildthe reactorbombed
by Israel. The agreementwas said to have been
reachedin talkswith visitingDeputyPremierTariq
'Aziz. [NYT]
Aug.26: DeputyPremier'Aziz left for officialvisits
to Mauritania,Morocco,Tunisia,Algeria,and Lib-
ya. [FBIS]
Aug. 31: BangladeshDeputy PrimeMinisterJama-
luddinAhmedarrivedfor an officialvisit. [FBIS]
Sept. 18: Deputy Premier Taha Yasin Ramadan
returned from visits to Poland and Rumania.
[FBIS]
Sept. 25: Foreign Minister Sa'duinHammadimet
with US Secretaryof State AlexanderHaig at the
UN. [FBIS]
Saudi Prince 'Abd al-Aziz arrived in Iraq for
meetingswith PresidentSaddamHusayn. [FBIS]
Oct. 1: Duringan officialvisit by ImeldaMarcos,
wife of PresidentMarcos, a Philippine-Iraqitrade
agreementwas signed. [NYT] Aharon Uzan: Deputy Minister of Immigration
Oct. 17:KingHusaynof Jordanarrivedin Baghdad Absorbtion
on the first stop in a tour of Gulf states. [AN] RabbiHaim Druckman:Deputy Ministerfor Reli-
gious Affairs
David Shiffman:Deputy Ministerof Transport
Rubin Ben-Zion: Deputy Minister of Labor and
Israel Social Affairs[JP]
Aug. 14: Chief Ashkenazi Rabbi Shlomo Goren
(See also, Arab-Israeli Conflict, General, askedthat archeologicalwork at the City of David
Inter-ArabAffairs,Iraq, Jordan,Lebanon) site in Jerusalem be stopped until it could be
determinedwhetheror not the diggingresultedin
1981 the desecrationof graves,as chargedby ultraortho-
Aug.4: PrimeMinisterMenahemBeginannounced dox groups. [NYT]
the formationof a coalitiongovernment.The coali- Aug. 20: The Jewish Agency said it would cease
tion agreementincludedthe followingconcessions giving assistance to Soviet emigrantsarrivingin
to the religious parties: greater financial aid to Vienna if they planned on going to any country
studentsin religiousschools; plans for the cessa- otherthan Israel, "In recent months," 85%of the
tion of flightsby the nationalairline El Al on the emigrantswith visas to Israel had gone elsewhere,
Sabbath;anda pledgeto amendthe Law of Return. the agency said. [NYT]
[NYT] Aug. 25: The US State Departmentsaid that Israel
Agreementwas reached on the following cabi- hadnot consultedthe US on a new policy regarding
net: resettlementof Soviet emigrantsand that US poli-
Simcha Erlich: Deputy Premier and Agriculture cy continuedto supportthe emigrants'freedomof
David Levi: Deputy Premier and Construction & choice. [NYT]
Housing Aug. 26: More than 10,000religious militantsral-
Mordechai Zippori: Communications lied in Jerusalemto protestwhat they describedas
Ariel Sharon:Defense desecrationof graves by archeologistsexcavating
Zevulun Hammer: Education & Culture at the City of David site. [NYT]
YitzhakBerman:Energy Aug. 27: Two police explosives experts were in-
YoramAridor:Finance jured and their special explosives-defusingvehicle
Yitzhak Shamir: Foreign Affairs damaged during protests led by ultra-orthodox
Eliezer Shostak:Health opponentsof the City of Davidarcheologicaldig in
Aharon Abuhatzeira: Immigrant Absorption and Jerusalem.[AN]
Labor & Social Betterment Aug. 31: Begin was treatedat the HadassahMedi-
Gideon Patt: Industry & Commerce cal Centerfor a knee ailment. [NYT]
Yosef Burg: Interior & Police Sept. 1: EducationMinisterZevulunHammersus-
Moshe Nissim: Justice pended work for 2 weeks at the City of David
Yosef Burg: Religious Affairs archeologicalsite because rabbinical authorities
Haim Corfu: Transport chargedthat graves were being desecrated. [JP]
AvrahamSharir:Tourism Sept. 4: The SupremeCourtlifted the government
Yitzhak Modai: Without Portfolio ban on archeologicalexcavations at the City of
Yaacov Meridor: Chief Economic Coordinator David site. Diggingwas scheduledto resume Sep-
[FBIS] tember6. [JP]
Aug. 5: The Knesset elected as Deputy Speakers: Sept.5: US Secretaryof State AlexanderHaig said
MeirCohenof the Likudand Moshe Shahalof the in an interviewthat enhancementof the "strategic
LaborAlignment.[FBIS] relationship"wouldbe amongthe topics discussed
Aug. 7: Uri Orenwas appointedto the new post of duringPrimeMinisterBegin's visit to Washington.
Informationand Economic Director in the US. [NYT]
[FBIS] Sept. 8: The 14th convention of the Histadrut
Aug. 10: Ten Deputy Ministerswere appointed: GeneralLaborFederationbeganin Jerusalem.[JP]
Dov Shilansky: Deputy Ministerfor Parliamentary Sept.9: Beginbeganhis officialvisit to Washington
Affairs in the Prime Minister's Office conferringwith PresidentRonaldReagan. He also
Moshe Katzav: Deputy Minister of Construction talkedwithDefense SecretaryCasparW. Weinber-
and Housing in Charge of Neighbourhood Af- ger. [WP]
fairs Sept. 10: US Secretaryof State Haig, commenting
Yehuda Ben-Meir: Deputy Minister for Foreign on the conclusion of Begin's official visit, said
Affairs agreementhadbeen reachedon a strengthenedUS-
Miriam Taasa-Glaser: Deputy Minister of Educa- Israeli security relationship. Details, he said,
tion and Culture would be worked out by US Defense Secretary
Pessah Grupper: Deputy Minister of Agriculture Weinbergerand Israeli Defense Minister Ariel
Michael Dekel: Deputy Minister of Agriculture Sharon.[WP]

77
Sept. 11:Begin met with US MoralMajorityleader Oct. 17: King IHusaynleft for a trip to the Gulf
JerryFalwell. [WP] States. [AN]
Sept. 17: Begin visited former President Jimmy Oct. 27: King Husaynleft for London. Talks were
Carterin Plains, Georgia.[NYT] scheduledwith PrimeMinisterMargaretThatcher.
Sept. 20: Attorney General Yitzhak Zamir ruled [NYT]
thatrabbinicalcourtshadno legal rightto orderthe
governmentto stop archeologicalworksat the City
of David site. [NYT]
Sept.24: ForeignMinisterYitzak Shamirmet with
Soviet ForeignMinisterAndrei Gromykoin New
York. [WP]
Oct. 16: Moshe Dayan, member of the Israeli Kuwait
Parliamentand formerDefense Minister,died of a (See also, Arab-Israeli Conflict, General,
heartattackat the age of 66. [WP] Inter-ArabAffairs, Petroleum Affairs, Iran-
Oct. 21: Vandalsenteredthe City of David archeo- Iraq Conflict,Lebanon, Libya, Saudi Arabia,
logical excavation and pushed over 3000-year-old Syria, Turkey)
wallsuncoveredin excavationsduringthe previous
4 years. A secret organization,Keshet, believed to 1981
consist of orthodoxopponentsto the dig, claimed Aug.4: Headof StateAmirShaykhJabiral-Ahmad
responsibility.[NYT] Al-Sabah received Libyan Secretary of Foreign
Affairs'All 'Abd al-Salamal-Tarayki.[FBIS]
Aug. 5: Defense MinisterShaykhSalamAl-Sabah
told the press that Kuwaithad rejecteda US offer
to sell it Hawk anti-aircraftmissiles. [FBIS]
Jordan Aug. 16: Visiting Counselor of the Near Eastern
CountriesDepartmentof the Soviet ForeignMinis-
(See also, Arab-IsraeliConflict, Inter-Arab try AnatoliyFilev met with ActingDeputyForeign
Affairs,PetroleumAffairs, Iran-IraqConflict, MinisterFaysal al-Mutawwa'.[FBIS]
Iraq) Aug. 24: Amir Shaykh Jabir met with visiting
Libyan Head of State Mu'ammaral-Qadhdhdfi.
1981 [FBIS]
Aug. 18:The chairmanof the ProfessionalsAssoci- Sept. 19:AmirShaykhJabirreturnedfromvisits to
ationannouncedthat a committeehad been set up Turkey,Bulgaria,Rumania,HungaryandYugosla-
to discuss the boycott of Americangoods because via. [FBIS]
of US supportof Israel. [FBIS] Sept. 21: AmirShaykhJabirtold newsmenthat he
Aug. 23: Chief of Staff of the Jordanianarmy planned to ask the member states of the Gulf
LieutenantGeneral 'Abd al-Hadi Majali was re- CooperationCouncil to establish diplomaticrela-
placedby MajorGeneralFathi 'AbuiTalib. [JP] tions with the Socialist bloc and bring about a
Aug. 26: King Ijusayn arrived in France for an balancein theirforeignpolicies. [FBIS]
officialvisit. [FBIS] Oct. 19: The Kuwaiti newspaper al-Ra'i al-'Am
Aug. 28: French Foreign MinisterClaude Cheys- publishedan interviewwith the ForeignMinister,
son arrivedin Ammanfor an officialvisit. [FBIS] Yuisufal-'Alawi, in which he said that the main
Aug. 31: King Ijusayn met in Paris with French threatto the Gulfregionis fromthe Soviet Union.
DefenseMinisterCharlesHernuandthey agreedto [FBIS]
strengthenbilateralrelations. [FBIS] Ministerof State for Cabinet Affairs 'Abd al-
Sept. 9: InformationMinister'AdnanAbu 'Awdah Aziz Husaynled a delegationto Moscow on a 10-
denied a report publishedin the Beirut paperAl- day officialvisit. [FBIS]
Safirthata plot had been uncoveredto assassinate Oct. 20: The governmentsuspendedpublicationof
KingIjusaynduringa privatevisit to Spain.[FBIS] the dailynewspaperal-Ra'Tal-'Amfor "contraven-
Sept. 25: Crown Prince Hasan met with US Vice ing publishingregulations."[AN]
PresidentGeorgeBush in Washingtonbefore trav- The National Assembly began a new session.
elling to New York to address the UN General [FBIS]
Assembly. [FBIS]
Sept. 26: British Secretaryfor Defense John Nott
arrivedfor an officialvisit. [FBIS]
Sept. 26: Saudi Prince 'Abdallahmet with King
Ijusayn. [FBIS]
Oct. 3: A Jordanianphysicist announcedplans for
the constructionof the country's first nuclearac- Lebanon
celeratorwhich is to be built with East German (See also, Arab-IsraeliConflict, Inter-Arab
technicalaid. [NYT] Affairs,SaudiArabia)

78
1981
Aug. 3: Kata'ib leader Bashir al-Jumayyilvisited
Washington.Reportedlyhe hoped to confer with
US State Departmentofficials. [NYT]
Aug. 5: A WorldPeace Councildelegationarrived
in Beirutat the invitationof the PalestinianCom-
missionfor Peace and Solidarityand the Lebanese
Peace Movement.[FBIS]
Police reported 17 people killed in a clash be-
tween the Democratic Party and the Popular
ResistanceFront in Tripoli. [NYT]
Aug. 15:The ArabLeague'sFollow-UpCommittee
chargedwith ending violence in Lebanon met at
the ambassadoriallevel underthe chairmanshipof
LebanesePresidentIlyas Sarkis. [FBIS]
Aug. 17: The pro-IranianShi'a Amal organization
exchangedgunfirein Beirutwith CommunistParty
members,killingat least 20. [NYT]
Aug. 20: Two Kata'ib members were killed in
fightingin Beirut. [NYT]
Aug. 23: Bombs in Chtaurakilled a Syrian soldier
and wounded3 persons. [NYT]
Aug. 27: Clashesbetween militiasof the Amal and
the CommunistAction Organizationleft 8 wound-
ed in Beirut. [NYT]
Aug. 29: French Foreign MinisterClaude Cheys-
son arrivedfor an officialvisit. [FBIS]
Sept. 2: Phalangesleader Pierre al-Jumayyiland
formerPresidentCamilleSham'unissued a state-
mentthattheirorganizationswouldnot "enterinto
any dealingswith Israel." [FBIS]
Sept. 3: The Arab League Follow-up Committee,
chargedwith overseeingimplementationof resolu-
tions aimed at bringing peace to Lebanon and
composedof the Saudi, Kuwaitiand Syrianforeign
ministersand the ArabLeague SecretaryGeneral,
met with PresidentSarkis. [FBIS]
Sept. 4: FrenchAmbassadorLouis Delamarewas
killedby gunmenin Beirut. [WP]
Sept. 7: Clashes between rival militias killed 5
personsin Tripoli. [WP]
Sept. 13: Accordingto the Palestinianpress agen-
cy, WAFA, forces of Major Sa'd Haddad had
shelledTyre. [NYT]
Sept. 17: France delivered 13 light AMX tanks to
the Lebanese ArmedForces. [AN]
An organizationcalling itself the Front for the
Liberationof Lebanon from Foreigners claimed
responsibilityfor bombinga Palestiniancenter in
Sidon in which 20 people were killed. [NYT]
Sept. 20: The Frontfor the Liberationof Lebanon
fromForeignersclaimedresponsibilityfor planting
a bomb in a movie theater in Beirut. When the
bombexploded4 people were killedand 35 wound-
ed. [NYT]
Sept. 28: A bomb exploded in the southernLeba-
nese village of Zariyeh, killingat least 12 people.
[CSM]
Oct. 1: The Front for the Liberationof Lebanon
from Foreignersclaimed responsibilityfor a car
bombingin Beirutthat killed 35 persons. [WP]
Oct. 8: Chiefof Staffof the United Nations Interim
Forces in Lebanon(UNIFIL), GeneralJames On-
oja, was wounded in an ambush by Palestinian
gunmen.[NYT]
Libya
(See also, Arab-Israeli Conflict, General,
Inter-Arab Affairs, Petroleum Affairs,
Afghanistan, Algeria, Bahrain, Iran, Iraq,
Kuwait, Lebanon, Morocco, Qatar, Sudan,
Syria, United Arab Emirates)
1981
Aug. 4: In a note to the UN SecurityCouncil, the
Bureaufor ForeignLiaisonprotestedthat "the US
Governmenthas been escalating its campaign"
againstLibyain preparationfor "a hostile action."
[WP]
Aug. 18: The governmentissued a statementcon-
demninga US navalexercise withinthe area Libya
claims as territorialwaters. The statementtermed
the exercise "uncalledfor interferenceand provo-
cation." [WP]
Aug. 19: US F-14 fighter planes shot down 2
Libyan-ownedSoviet SU-22 planes which firedat
them as they were carryingout militaryexercises
60 milesoff the Libyancoast over the Gulfof Sidra.
The fighterswere patrollinga 16-shipNavy task
force. [WP]
The Libyan government said its planes shot
down a US F-14 after they had been "ambushed"
by the US fightersover the Gulf of Sidra. [WPj
The US governmentofficiallyprotestedto Libya
the "unprovokedattack"againstits navalaircraft.
[NYT]
Followingthe airclash, Libyadelivereda note of
protest accusing the US of "internationalterror-
ism." [NYT]
Libyan Head of State Mu'ammarQadhdhafi,
who was attendinga meetingin Aden, declaredin
response to the plane incident that the US would
"be responsiblefor any collapse of peace in the
MiddleEast." [WP]
Aug. 20: In the case of formerCentralIntelligence
Agency agent Edwin P. Wilson, indicted by a US
grandjury on chargesof illegallyexportingexplo-
sives to Libya, US federal investigators said 20
tons of plasticexplosives hadbeen shippedillegally
fromthe US to Libya in 1977. [NYT]
US PresidentRonald Reagan, commentingon
the shooting down of the Libyan planes, denied
that the naval exercises in the Gulf of Sidra had
been provocative.[NYT]
Aug. 21: Commentingon the plane incident,Liby-
an Headof State Qadhdhafitold the press in Addis
Ababa, where he was visiting, that the US was
planningto invade Libya. [WP]
79
Aug. 22: Libya called on the Organizationof Afri-
can Unity to denounce the US for downingthe 2
Libyanplanes. [WP]
Aug. 23: US Secretary of State Alexander Haig,
speakingon the program"Issues and Answers,"
about the downingof the Libyan planes, said the
Libyanpilot who firedon the US Navy plane may
have been on a "targetedmission." [WP]
The communiqudissued at the end of Qadhdha-
fi's visit to Ethiopiachargedthe US with tryingto
kill revolutionaryleaders aroundthe world. [WP]
Aug. 25: Somalia broke diplomaticrelations with
Libya,chargingthat the agreementsigned in Aden
betweenLibya, South Yemen and Ethiopiaconsti-
tuted aggressionagainstSomalia. [NYT]
Aug. 28: A sergeant in the Los Angeles police
departmentsaid that in 1977 Libyan agents had
attemptedto recruithim for "terroristtraining"in
Libya. [NYT]
Aug. 31: Tripoliradio reportedthat 360 "progres-
sive" organizationsand "liberationmovements,"
comingfrom86 countries,attendedthe conference
on solidaritywith Libya held in TripoliAugust28-
31. [FBIS]
Sept. 1: In an anniversary celebration speech,
Qadhdhafithreatenedto bomb US "nuclear de-
pots" if the US "againattacks" the Gulf of Sidra.
[WP]
Sept. 7: Czechoslovak President Gustav Husak
arrivedfor an officialvisit. [FBIS]
Sept. 24: Qadhdhafidepartedfor visits to Rumania
and Yugoslavia.[WP]
Oct. 3: Tri-partitenegotiationsinvolving Libyan,
South Yemeni and Ethiopian delegations took
place in Tripoli.[FBIS]
Oct. 27: French government sources confirmed
that they were supplying logistical support to
forces backingChadianPresidentOueddeiagainst
a possiblecoup attemptby ForeignMinisterAhmat
Acyl followingreportsthatOueddeiplannedto ask
Libyantroops to leave Chad. [NYT]
Oct. 28: French sources reportedthat Libya had
airliftedtroops into the Chadiancapital of Ndja-
menain supportof a coup attempt,led by Foreign
MinisterAcyl, directedagainstOueddei. [WP]
Oct. 29: The Ouddeigovernmentformallyrequest-
ed that Libya withdrawall its troops from Chad.
[FBIS]
Morocco
(See also, Inter-Arab Affairs, Iraq, Saudi
Arabia)
1981
Aug. 9: FrenchForeignMinisterClaudeCheysson
arrivedfor an officialvisit. [FBIS]
Aug. 12: Agence France Presse (AFP) reported a
statementby Moroccanauthoritiesthattheirforces
80
killed or wounded 150 members of the Polisario
Front. [AN]
Aug.24: KingHassanwent to Nairobito meet with
other Africanleaders on conductinga referendum
of WesternSaharanresidentsaimed at endingthe
conflictthere. [WP]
Aug. 26: The Nairobimeetingof the Organization
of African Unity ImplementationCommittee in
WesternSaharaended, havingpassed a resolution
callingfor a cease-firebetween the PolisarioFront
andMorocco.It also calledfor a referendumin the
WesternSaharain collaborationwith the United
Nations. The meetingwas attendedby representa-
tives of Morocco, the Polisario Front, Kenya,
Nigeria, Sudan, Tanzania, Guinea, Algeria, and
Mauritania.[FBIS]
Followingthe conclusionof the OAU meetingon
the WesternSahara,the PolisarioFront published
a communiqueinviting the Moroccans to begin
talks on the issue. [AN]
Aug.31: KingHassanmet with visitingIraqiDepu-
ty PremierTariq'Aziz. [FBIS]
Sept. 7: Polisarioguerrillasinflictedheavy losses
on Moroccanforces in the Western Sahara, ac-
cordingto a Polisariostatementissued in Algiers
on September19. [WP]
Sept. 10: King Hassan received visiting Saudi
CrownPrinceFahd ibn 'Abd al-'Aziz. [FBIS]
Sept. 14: Minister of State for Foreign Affairs
MohamedBoucettareturnedfrom visits to Ruma-
nia and the United Kingdom.[FBIS]
Sept. 23: King Hassan II met with Habib Chatti,
generalsecretaryof the Islamic ConferenceOrga-
nization.[FBIS]
Sept. 24: AFP reportedthat Moroccanopposition
leaders Abd al-Rahim Bouabid, Mohamed
ElyazghiandMohamedLahbibiwere sentencedto
1 yearin prisonfor criticizingan OAU proposalfor
a popularreferendumto determinethe futureof the
WesternSahara.[FBIS]
Sept. 26: King Hassan II addresseda message to
PresidentArap Moi of Kenya reiteratingthe Mo-
roccan position regardinga referendumon the
futureof the WesternSahara.[FBIS]
Oct. 13: In a speech broadcast over Moroccan
radio, King Hassan II announceda major battle
between Moroccan forces and unidentified at-
tackers at Guelta Zammourin the Saharanterri-
tory. Meeting in special session, the Moroccan
Parliamentaccused Algeriaand Libya of responsi-
bility for the attack. [WP]
Oct. 16: The Polisario SaharanMinistryof Infor-
mation in Algeria denied that any outside forces
were involvedin theirattackon the WesternSaha-
ran town of Guelta Zammour. Moroccan radio
reportedthat fightingin the town was continuing
and that upwardof 2,500 Polisariotroops mightbe
involved. [FBIS]
Oct. 17: The oppositionSocialist Union of Popular
Forces supportedgovernmentactionsin defense of
GueltaZammour,saying that the Polisarioattack
had created "the necessary conditions for total
mobilization."[FBIS] Pakistan
Oct. 19: The Moroccan air force crossed into (See also, Afghanistan)
Mauritaniafor the first time to bomb alleged posi-
tions of the PolisarioFront.The raidwas in retalia- 1981
tion for the October 13 Polisario attack on the Aug. 4: The UN Special representativeseeking to
Moroccan garrison at Guelta Zammour in the arrangetalks on the Afghanistansituation. Javier
WesternSahara.[CSM] Perez de Cuellar,arrivedin Karachito meet with
Oct. 23: On a visit to Mauritania,the US Assistant Pakistaniofficials. [FBIS]
Secretaryof State for AfricanAffairssaid the US Eight policemen were killed in a gunfightwith
had "a role to play" in endingthe conflictover the 'outlaws" in Sind Province. [NYT]
WesternSahara.[NYT] Aug. 15:Authoritiesreleased8 imprisonedpolitical
Oct. 24: Polisarioguerrillasreportedlyshot down a leaders,includingformerDefense MinisterGeneral
Moroccan helicopter, killing 3 crew members. Tikka Khan, former CommunicationsMinister
[NYT] KhurshidHasanMeerandformerProductionMin-
Oct. 26: King Hassan II protested to the Soviet ister FaroukLeghari.[NYT]
Charge d'Affaires in Rabat that "non-Africans" Aug. 21: Foreign Minister Agha Shahi met in
were operatingSAM-6missile sites in the Western Washingtonwith Secretary of State Alexander
Sahara. Morocco credited recent losses to these Haigto discuss militaryand economic aid. [FBIS]
sophisticatedweapons. Polisario spokesmen de- Aug.26: Soviet DeputyForeignMinisterNikolaiP.
nied that their forces had acquired any SAM-6 Firyubinconcluded3 days of talks with Pakistani
missiles. [FBIS] leadersin Islamabad.A joint statementon his visit
Oct. 26: Algerian radio broadcast a report that did not mentionAfghanistan.[NYT]
duringcontinuedfightingat GueltaZammour,Poli- Aug.30: PresidentZia ul-Haqreceived US Ambas-
sarioforces had shot down a MoroccanF-5 fighter, sadorto the UN JeanneKirkpatrickin Rawalpindi.
1 helicopterand a C-130 Hercules air transport. [AN]
[FBIS] Sept. 7: Afghan troops crossed the border with
Baluchistanto search a village. They retreated
when Pakistaniforces arrived.[WP]
Sept. 9: Visiting US Under Secretary of State
Oman JamesBuckley met with PresidentZia. [FBIS]
Sept. 11: IndianPrime MinisterIndiraGhandi,in
(See also, General,Inter-ArabAffairs) an interviewwith Le Figaro, accused Pakistanof
blocking an agreement that would allow Soviet
1981 troopsto withdrawfrom Afghanistan.[WP]
Aug. 9: The Sultanateof Omanannouncedthat it Sept. 13: An earthquakenearGilgitkilledover 200
had signed an agreementwith Britainfor the pur- people. [FBIS]
chase of Chieftantanks. [AN] Sept. 15: The Foreign Ministryannouncedthat it
Aug. 14: The Omanipress agency reportedthat an had agreed to a 6-year $3.2 billion military and
IranianNavy plane had been hijackedto Oman. economicaid packageofferedby the US. [NYT]
The hijackerssurrenderedand were placed under Sept. 20: The governmentsuspendedbiweekly air
arrest.The plane and passengersreturnedto Iran. serviceto Kabulbecause Afghanistancontinuedto
[NYT] harborthe hijackerswho flew a Pakistaniplane to
Aug. 15: An agreementwas signed with Chinafor Kabulon March2. [FBIS]
cooperationon culturaland healthmatters.[FBIS] Sept. 25: US Senator Alan Cranston said that
Aug.24: EgyptianMinisterof CultureandInforma- Pakistanhadbegundomesticproductionof nuclear
tion Mansar Hasan concluded an official visit. fuel. The senatoraddedthat this informationcould
[FBIS] affect passage of a military aid bill to Pakistan.
Aug. 27: Sultan Qabuisbin Sa'id received the [NYT]
visiting Upper Voltan Ministerof Foreign Affairs ChaudhryZahur Elahi, a former leader of the
Felix Tientaraboum.[FBIS] MuslimLeague, was assassinatedin Lahore. [PA]
Sept. 13: Ministerof State for ForeignAffairsQais Sept. 30: Pakistanicommandosstormel a hijacked
'Abd al-Mun'imAl-Zawawisaid that head of the Indianplane and arrested5 Sikh separatistswho
Islamic Union for the Liberationof Afghanistan, had boardedthe plane in New Delhi. The 5 men
Abd al-RasulSayyaf, was visiting Omanto report were describedas membersof a militantnationalist
on the struggle against the Soviet occupation. Sikh group, Dal Khalsa. [NYT]
[FBIS] PresidentZia attendeda receptionhonoringthe
Oct. 19: SultanQabuisissued 3 decrees establishing nationalday of the People's Republic of China.
a 45-memberstate advisory council. The council Accordingto Karachiradio,he "expressedhis firm
will meet quarterly.Membersserve 2-year terms. belief that relationsbetween Pakistanand China,"
[AN] would "continueto gather strength." [FBIS]

81
Oct. 8: PrimeMinisterMargaretThatcherof Brit-
ain met brieflywith Zia. Thatcheralso visited the
Afghanborder. [NYT]
Oct. 15: Journalistsin 5 cities gatheredto protest
official censorship of the press. The demonstra-
tions were organized by the Pakistan Federal
Unionof Journalistsand the All-PakistanNewspa-
per Editors'Convention.[NYT]
Oct. 24: PresidentZia reiteratedPakistan's com-
mitmentto continue its nucleardevelopmentpro-
gram. [FBIS]
Qatar
(See also, General, Inter-Arab Affairs, Iran-
IraqConflict,Syria, United Arab Emirates)
1981
Aug. 9: LibyanForeignAffairsSecretary'Abd al-
Salamal-Turaykiarrivedto delivera messagefrom
head of state Mu'ammaral-Qadhdhdfi.[FBIS]
Aug. 15: Diplomatic relations with Ghana were
established.[FBIS]
Aug. 29: Qatar signed a cultural and scientific
cooperationagreementwith Iraq. [FBIS]
SaudiArabia
(See also, Arab-Israeli Conflict, Inter-Arab
Affairs, Petroleum Affairs, Iraq, Jordan,
Lebanon, Syria)
1981
Aug. 5: US PresidentRonaldReagan,in a letter to
congressionalleaders, stated his intentionto pro-
ceed with the sale of 5 Airborne Warningand
ControlSystem(AWACS)aircraftto SaudiArabia.
[NYT]
Aug. 10: King Khalidreceived KuwaitiPetroleum
AffairsMinisterShaykh'Ali al-KhalifahAl Sabah.
[FBIS]
Aug. 17: Lebanese PremierShafiq al-Wazzanmet
with Saudi leaders to discuss an Arab summit
meetingon conditionsin Lebanon. [FBIS]
Aug.24: The US proposalto sell SaudiArabia$8.5
billionin air defense and other equipment,includ-
ing the AWACS planes, was presented to Con-
gress. [NYT]
Aug. 25: King Khalid received visiting Djibouti
PresidentHassan Gouled. [FBIS]
Aug. 26: KingKhalidreceived SenegaleseMinister
82
of State for Foreign Affairs Moustapha Niasse.
[FBIS]
Aug. 29: King Hassan of Morocco arrived on a
pilgrimageand was welcomed by InteriorMinister
PrinceNayif ibn 'Abd al-'Aziz. [FBIS]
Aug. 30: ZambianPresidentKenneth Kaundaar-
rivedfor an officialvisit. [FBIS]
A US Defense Departmentdocument,partof the
formalnotificationof the proposed AWACS sale
sent to Congress,disclosed that the planes sched-
uled for Saudi Arabia would not have the equip-
ment to resist enemy jamming of radar and
communications.[NYT]
Aug. 31: King Khalid met with visiting Zambian
PresidentKaunda.[FBIS]
Sept. 11: CrownPrinceFahd and US Secretaryof
State AlexanderHaig met outside Malaga, Spain.
[AN]
Sept. 17: Senator Bob Packwood of Oregon an-
nouncedthe namesof 51 senatorswho opposedthe
sale of AWACSto Saudi Arabia. [NYT]
Sept. 23: Saudi Security officials attacked and
arrested a group of Iranian pilgrims in Madina.
Accordingto Riyadh radio, the pilgrimsdemon-
strated behavior "unbefittingthe holiness of the
haram."[FBIS]
About 80 Iranianpilgrimswere reportedlysent
backto Iranbecause they had violateda Saudiban
on political activity duringthe Haj and brought
with them picturesof AyatallahKhumayni.[WP]
Sept. 24: Twenty Iranianpilgrimswere reportedly
injuredin clashes with Saudi security forces in
Mecca. The fights took place following a Saudi
decision to turn back Iranian pilgrims and an
Iranianstate television crew. [NYT]
Sept.25: The SaudigovernmentrejectedAmerican
proposalsfor joint control of the AWACS planes
proposedfor sale. [NYT]
Sept. 26: French President Franqois Mitterrand
beganan officialvisit. [NYT]
During a press conference in Bahrain, British
Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher said Britain
"will have to consider" selling the Nimrodradar-
equippedplane to SaudiArabiashould the Ameri-
can sponsoredsale of AWACSplanesfall through.
[NYT]
Sept. 27: The Abu Dhabi newspaper al-Ittlihad
publishedan editorialwhich said "Saudi Arabia's
threat to withdrawfrom the AWACS deal, and
consequentlyfrom the entire US arms deal, is a
source of satisfactionto all Arabs." [FBIS]
Sept. 28: Duringa London conference, Saudi Oil
MinisterAhmad Zaki Yamani denied that a US
decisionnot to sell AWACSplanesto SaudiArabia
wouldaffect Saudi oil pricingpolicy. [WP]
Speaking to newsmen, Crown Prince Fahd
praised President Reagan's efforts to insure the
sale of AWACSplanes to Saudi Arabia. [WP]
Oct. 1: Duringa news conference,Reagansaid the
US "will not permit[SaudiArabia]to be an Iran."
He also said, "there'sno way [the US] could stand
by and see [Saudi Arabia]taken over by anyone
who "would shut off the oil." [NYT]
Saudi Arabiarejected a second Americanpro-
posalforjoint controlof the AWACSplanes. [AN]
Oct. 7: The US House ForeignAffairsCommittee
voted 28 to 8 for a resolutionthat would prevent
the sale of AWACS planes and other air defense
equipmentto Saudi Arabia. [NYT]
Oct. 14: The US House of Representativesvoted
301 to 11 against the sale of AWACS planes and
otherair defense equipmentto SaudiArabia.[WP]
Oct. 15: The US Senate Committee on Foreign
Relationsvoted 9 to 8 againstthe sale of AWACS
planes and other air defense equipmentto Saudi
Arabia.[WP]
Oct. 16:KingKhalidenteredthe hospitalin Riyadh
for a checkup. [FBIS]
Oct. 28: The US Senate voted 52 to 48 against a
resolutiondisapprovingthe sale of AWACSplanes
and other air-defenseequipmentto Saudi Arabia.
[WP]
Crown Prince Fahd met with West German
ChancellorHelmut Schmidt in Bonn. They dis-
cussed Germanarmssales underconsiderationfor
SaudiArabia.[JP]
South Yemen
(See also, Arab-IsraeliConflict, Inter-Arab
Affairs,Iran, Libya)
1981
Aug. 19: LibyanHead of State Mu'ammarQadhd-
hafi and EthiopianPresidentMengistuHaile Mir-
iamconcludeda meetingwith PresidiumChairman
'All Nasir Muhammadand signed a treaty of
friendshipand cooperation.One of the aims of the
treaty was said by the leaders to be countering
Western"plans" in the Red Sea. [FBIS]
Aug. 29: Soviet Deputy Defense Ministerand Air
Force CommanderMarshallKutakhovarrivedfor
an officialvisit. [FBIS]
Sept. 1: ChairmanMuh.ammad received the Soviet
militarydelegationled by Soviet Deputy Defense
MinisterMarshallKutakhov. [FBIS]
Sept. 3: ChairmanMuhammadreceived visiting
Afghan Foreign Minister Shah MohammadDost.
[FBIS]
Sept. 14: Czechoslovak President Gustav Husak
concluded an official visit with the signing of a
treatyof friendshipand cooperation.[FBIS]
Sept. 16: Deputy Premier'Ali 'Abd al-RazzaqBa
Ditib headed a delegation to the USSR at the
invitationof the Soviet Peace Committee.[FBIS]
The Soviet Union and the South Yemen govern-
ment signedan agreementfor the establishmentof
ajoint missionin the fieldsof archeology,historical
research,ethnologyand linguistics. [FBIS]
Sudan
(See also, General, Inter-Arab Affairs,
Morocco)
1981
Aug. 17: AuthoritiesreportedLibyan planes had
violatedSudaneseairspace. [FBIS]
Sept. 12: PresidentJa'far al-Numayrnorderedthe
arrestof all illegalimmigrants,vagrantsand politi-
cal opponents in order to undermine "Libyan
subversion."[NYT]
Sept.16:The SudaneseNews Agency reportedthat
its air defense forces had shot down a Libyan
bomber, killing its 2 pilots, over the town of
Geneina,near the borderwith Chad. [WP]
The governmentlodged a protest with the UN
Security Council about continued Libyan over-
flightsof Sudanese territory.In its complaintSu-
danchargedthatthe Libyanplanesbombedseveral
bordervillages. [FBIS]
Oct. 5: PresidentNumayridissolved both the Na-
tional People's Assembly in the North and the
SouthernRegion People's Assembly. New elec-
tions were scheduledto occur in 60 days. [NYT]
Oct. 11: The Sudanese Foreign Ministryreported
that Libyan planes bombed 2 Sudanese border
villages. [WP]
Oct. 22: The Sudanesegovernmentissued a report
detailing Libyan attacks against Sudan between
September10 and October 25, 1981. The report
listed 25 raids duringthe period. [NYT]
Oct. 24: Police officials reported that 900 illegal
immigrantsand othersremainedunderarrestsince
Numayrihad ordereda crackdownbeginningSep-
tember12. [NYT]
Oct. 29: Numayri called on African states "to
immediatelycut diplomaticrelations [with Libya]
andannouncethat they are not going to Tripolifor
the [1982 Organizationof African Unity] confer-
ence." [NYT]
Syria
(See also, Arab-IsraeliConflict, Inter-Arab
Affairs, Afghanistan, Iran-Iraq Conflict,
Lebanon,Libya)
1981
Aug. 17: A powerfulexplosion in the offices of the
primeministerkilled 3 employees. [AN]
Aug. 25: President Hafiz al-Asad conferred with
visiting Libyan Head of State Mu'ammarQadh-
dh5fi.They affirmedtheirplansfor a mergerof the
2 nations. [NYT]
Aug. 26: KampucheanMinisterof ForeignAffairs
Hun Sen concludedan officialvisit. [FBIS]
Aug. 30: PresidentAsad received Afghan Foreign
83
MinisterShah MohammadDost. [FBIS]
Aug. 31: PresidentAsad received visiting French Turkey
ForeignMinisterClaudeCheysson. [FBIS] (See also, Kuwait)
Sept. 3: Asad received visiting North KoreanPre-
mier Yi Chong-Ok.[FBIS] 1981
Sept. 8: The governmentannouncedit was extend- Aug. 6: Twenty-fourmembersof the TurkishPeo-
ing its territorialwaters from 12 to 35 miles off its
ple's LiberationArmywent on trialfor "seekingto
Mediterraneancoast. [NYT] overthrowthe constitutionalorder." [TDN]
Sept. 14:ForeignMinister'Abdal-HalImKhaddam Aug. 8: An Iraqi-Turkishcommissionopened talks
returnedfrom visits to Saudi Arabia, the United on long-rangecooperationbetween the two coun-
Arab Emirates, Qatar, Bahrain and Kuwait to tries. [TDN]
convey messages from Asad on "the latest strate- Aug. 12: Iraqi First Deputy PremierTaha Yasin
gic alliance"betweenIsraeland the United States. Ramadanbeganan officialvisit. [TDN]
[FBIS] Turkey's Foreign Minister Ilter Turkmen met
Sept. 16: Defense MinisterGeneral Mustafa Tlas with Czech ForeignMinisterBohuslav Chnoupek
met in Moscow with Soviet militaryofficials, the in Izmir.[TDN]
Sovietarmedforces paperRed Star reported.[WP] At the close of economic cooperationtalks be-
Sept. 27: President Asad met with Saudi Prince tween Turkishand Iraqidelegations,an economic
'Abd Allah ibn 'Abd al-Aziz. [FBIS] cooperationprotocolwas signedby Turkey'sEner-
Oct. 4: An officialdecree set November9, 1981,as gy and NaturalResources MinisterSerbulentBin-
the date of elections to the 195 seat People's gol and Iraq's PetroleumMinisterTayh 'Abd al-
Assembly. [FBIS] Karim.[TDN]
Asad conferred with Libyan Chief of General Aug. 16: The Executive Committeeof the Turkish
StaffMustafaKharrfibiin Damascus. [AN] Confederationof Labor Unions, Turk-iz,issued a
Oct. 5: President Asad met with South !emen communiquecriticizing the economic policies of
PresidiumChairman'All Nfsir Muhammadin Da- the militarygovernment.[TDN]
mascus. [FBIS] Aug. 18: Militaryprosecutorsdemandedthe death
The presenceof a token numberof SouthYeme- penalty for 43 suspected terrorists on trial for
ni troops in Syria was publicly acknowledgedfor insurrection.[NYT]
the firsttime. [AN] Aug. 19:The trialof 674 membersof the National-
Oct. 11: Asad met with Libyan Foreign Affairs ist Action Partybegan in Ankara.Death penalties
Secretary'Abd al-Salamal-Turaykiin Damascus. were asked for 220, including the party leader
[FBIS] AlparslanTurkes. [NYT]
Oct. 12: Asad held talks with former Lebanese Sept. 3: Authoritiesdecided against prosecutinga
President Sulayman Franjiyyah in Damascus. British BroadcastingCorporationcorrespondent
[FBIS] who had been questionedfollowinghis reportthat
Oct. 29: Asad returnedfrom a visit to Bulgaria. planswere beingmadeto kill Armeniansin retalia-
Protocolswere signed in Sofia regardingeconomic tion for the murdersof diplomatsin Europe. [WP]
and scientificcooperation.[FBIS] Sept. 8: Kuwaitihead of state Amir ShaykhJabir
al-AhmadAl $abah arrived for an official visit.
[NYT]
Sept. 9: Head of state General Kenan Evren,
Tunisia speakingat LiberationDay celebrations,called for
improvedrelationswith Greece. [NYT]
(See also, Algeria, Iraq) Sept. 12: Head of state General Evren said in a
speech that the Constituent Assembly, opening
1981 October23, wouldpreparea timetablefor returnto
Aug. 27: The trial of 68 members of the Islamic civilianrule. [WP]
TendencyMovement(TMI)began in Tunis. [JP] Sept. 20: Turkisharmedforces and police clashed
Aug. 29: PresidentHabibBourguibareceived Iraqi with 50 IranianKurdswho had fled into the border
DeputyPremierTariq 'Aziz. [FBIS] village of Esendere from Iran. Two soldiers were
Sept.5: A Tuniscourtsentenced68 membersof the killedand 11 wounded. [JP]
TMI to prison terms rangingfrom 6 months to II Sept. 26: Membersof the ArmenianSecret Army
years. [AN] for the Liberationof Armenia told reporters in
Sept.9: SecretaryGeneralof the TunisianCommu- Beirutthat they had organizedthe Sept. 24 assault
nist Party MohamedHarmalannounced that the on the Turkish consulate in Paris. [WP]
partywould participatein the legislative elections Oct. 5: The Councilof Europerejectedsuggestions
scheduledfor November 1. [FBIS] that Turkey be expelled from the organization
Sept. 22: The government banned women from becauseof its "undemocratic"nature. [AN]
wearingveils in schools andgovernmentbuildings. Oct. 6: The militaryauthoritiesretumedto custody
[NYT] the leaderof the IslamicNationalSalvationParty,

84
NecmetinErbakan,who is beingtriedon a conspir-
acy charge. [NYT]
Oct. 15: The militarygovernmentannouncedthe
formationof a 160-memberadvisory assembly to
preparea new constitutionandelection law. [NYT]
Oct. 16: Turkey'smilitarygovernmentannounced
the dissolutionof all politicalpartiesandthe confis-
cation of their property. Head of the National
SecurityCouncil GeneralEvren defended the ac-
tion as a step necessary for the creation of new
parties "that would direct their activities toward
the futureand not to their past struggles." [NYT]
Martiallaw authoritiesreleased Erbakan,leader
of the Islamic National Salvation Party, pending
progressin his trialon chargesof breakingthe laws
guaranteeingTurkey's secular status. [AN]
Oct. 20: Formerprime ministerand leader of the
Social Democrat Party, Bulent Ecevit, criticized
the militarygovernment."If everybodyis silent in
the face of such actions then we have no right to
claimwe deserve democracy." Ecevit said. [WP]
Oct. 22: The chief martial-law prosecutor an-
nouncedthat legal proceedingshad begun against
former premier Ecevit for his criticisms of the
militarygovernment.[WP]
Oct. 23: The first meeting of the 160-member
ConsultativeAssembly opened with a speech by
GeneralEvren. [NYT]
Oct. 26: The militarygovernmentclosed Turkey's
leadingright-wingdaily newspaper,Tercuman,af-
ter it printedarticles critical of the regime's deci-
sion to dissolve politicalparties. [WP]
United Arab Emirates
(See also, General,Inter-ArabAffairs,Libya,
SaudiArabia,Syria)
1981
Aug. 9: Libyan Secretaryof ForeignAffairs 'Abd
al-Salamal-Turaykiarrivedfor a visit. [FBIS]
Aug. 18: Visiting Malian Ministerof Foreign Af-
fairsAliouneBlondinBeye met with UAE leaders.
[FBIS]
Aug. 23: Libyan Head of State Mu'ammaral-
Qadhdhafiarrived in Abu Dhabi for talks with
PresidentShaykhZayid bin Sultan Al Nuhayyan.
[WP]
Aug. 24: The UAE informedthe US State Depart-
mentthatit wouldrepresentLibyaninterestsin the
United States. [WP]
Aug. 31: MuaritaniantransportationMinisterAh-
medou Ould Abdallanarrivedfor an officialvisit.
[FBIS]
Sept. 6: Supreme Council member and ruler of
'Ajman, Shaykh Rashid ibn Humayd al-Nu'aymi
died. The ruling family of 'Ajman pledged alle-
giance to his son, ShaykhHumaydibn Rashidal-
Nu'aymias the new ruler. [FBIS]
Sept. 10: British bomb experts were called to
investigate an explosion at the Chicago Beach
Hotel in Dubai. [WP]
Sept. 13: In a statement to the Dubai paper Al-
Bayan, visiting Iranian Majlis deputy 'Abd al-
VahidMusavicalledfor improvedIranianrelations
with the Arab Gulf States and said he planned a
visit Qatarwe well as the UAE. [FBIS]
Oct. 12: A delegation including Prime Minister
Shaykh Rashid, Deputy Prime Minister Shaykh
Maktumibn Rashid al-Maktfimand Minister of
Defense Muhammadibn Rashid al-Maktumre-
turnedto Dubaifrom a trip to England.[FBIS]
Yemen
(See also, Arab-IsraeliConflict, Iran, South
Yemen)
1981
Aug. 6: Chief of the Near Eastern CountriesDe-
partmentof the Soviet ForeignMinistryOleg Grin-
evskiy arrivedfor a visit. [FBIS]
Sept. 16: President 'Ali 'AbdallahSalih met with
visiting South Yemen Presidium Chairman 'Ali
NMsirMuh.ammad in Taiz. [MEED]
Sept. 26: A Libyandelegationarrivedin San'a' to
participatein the 19thanniversaryof the Septem-
ber 26 revolution.[FBIS]
Oct. 1: Israel's Press Agency reported that 20
officers had been executed for an abortive coup
againstPresidentSalih..[WP]
Oct. 5: FormerPresident 'Abd al-RahmanIrymni
returnedfrom exile in Syria. [FBIS]
Oct. 8: Former President 'Abdallahal-Sallal re-
turnedfrom exile in Cairo. [NYT]
Oct.28:At the close of a visit by $alih to Moscow a
joint Soviet-Yemenicommuniquepromisedefforts
to "broaden and perfect" military relations be-
tween the two countries. [CSM]
85