29-04-2021

GEOMETRIC DESIGN OF RUNWAY

Dr. Gaurav Sancheti

gaurav.sancheti@jaipur.manipal.edu

GEOMETRIC DESIGN OF RUNWAY

❑ Factors governing geometric design of runway
1) Length of runway
2) Longitudinal and effective gradient
3) Rate of change of longitudinal gradient
4) Safety area
5) Sight distance
6) Transverse gradient
7) Width of runway

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1. LENGTH OF RUNWAY
❑ Actual runway length is obtained by making adjustments for:
▪ Elevation
▪ Gradient
▪ Temperature

2. Longitudinal and effective gradient

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3. Rate of change of longitudinal gradient

❑ The rate of change of gradient is limited to a maximum / 30 m
length of vertical curve and are as follows:

❑ The distance b/w two successive points of grade intersection

should not be less than the change in slope multiplied by:

3. Rate of change of longitudinal gradient

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Numerical:

Numerical:

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4. Safety area
❑ Runway area which is cleared, drained and graded
❑ It includes the structural pavement, shoulders and additional width

5. Sight Distance
❑ Generally no sight distance restrictions
❑ Where two runways or a runway and a taxiway intersects

Type of Airport Line of sight Sight Distance

A, B, C 2 pts; 3 m above runway surface Equal to ½ the runway
should be mutually visible length
D, E Any pt 3 m above runway to all pts At least ½ the runway
2 m above runway length

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6. Transverse gradient

Portion Transverse Type

Gradient
(Max.)
Runway 1.5 % A, B, C
Runway 2% D, E
Shoulders 2.5 % All
Remaining 5% All
Portion

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7. Width

❑ Runway width varies from 45 to 18 meters

❑ Central portion of about 12 m on either side of the centerline of the

runway is subjected to the maximum loading

❑ The outermost part of the machinery of the aircraft should not

extend beyond the pavement

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BALANCED FIELD CONCEPT

CASE-1: Engine Failure Speed = V
Runway Length = L2
Stopway Length = L5-L2
Clearway Length = L5-L2

CASE-2: Engine Failure Speed = V1

Runway Length = L3
Stopway Length = 0
Clearway Length = L6-L3

CASE-3: Engine Failure Speed = V2

Runway Length = L1
Stopway Length = L7-L1
Clearway Length = L4-L1

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RUNWAY PATTERN

❑ Four basic runway patterns are:

▪ Single

▪ Parallel

▪ Intersecting

▪ Divergent

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RUNWAY PATTERN

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RUNWAY PATTERN

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RUNWAY PATTERN

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