Integrated Science (EX) Ch 8 Transport in Human – Set 11

BIOLOGY A

Ch 8 Transport in Humans Solution Guide

Name: ________________________
Heart
Section A: Structured Questions
1. Diagram 1 below shows the changes in blood pressure in chamber X, chamber Y and aorta of a human
heart during a cardiac cycle of a man at rest, Chamber X and chamber Y are both present at the left side
of the heart.

Diagram 2 shows a heart with certain parts removed to show the various valves.

(a) Which chamber is the ventricle? Explain your answer with reference to the diagram. (2.5)
Chamber X
because it has a higher pressure which is needed to pump blood throughout the body.

Michael SIR 1
 Integrated Science
BIOLOGY

(b) Calculate the number of heart beat per minute. Show your calculation. (2)
60 / 0.8
= 75 beats per minute.

(c) Name the valves labelled I, II and Ill. (1.5)

I = tricuspid valve II = bicuspid valve III = semi-lunar valve

(d) (i) What is the condition of chamber X in the period between 0.1 to 0.2 sec? Explain. (2)
Chamber X is contracting
because the blood pressure is increasing.

(ii) What is the effect of the change in blood pressure during this period between 0.1 to 0.2 sec on
the valves involved at points A and B? Explain your answer. (4)
At point A the blood pressure in chamber X is higher than that in chamber Y, it closes valve II.
At point B, as the blood pressure in chamber X is higher than that in the aorta, it opens valve III

(e) (i) What is the condition of chamber X in the period between 0.4 to 0.5 sec? (2)
Chamber X is relaxing because the blood pressure is decreasing.

(ii) What is the effect of the change in blood pressure during this period between 0.4 to 0.5 sec on
the valves involved at points C and D? Explain your answer. (4)
At point C the blood pressure in chamber X is lower than that in the aorta, valve III closes.
At point D as the blood pressure in chamber X is lower than that in chamber Y valve II opens.

(f) Briefly explain the direction of blood flow in the aorta in the period between 0.4 to 0.5 sec. (2)
Blood flows away from the heart.
The elastic recoil of the aorta increases the blood pressure there that pushes blood forward.

2 Michael SIR