Problem Set no.

1 MOMENTUM, IMPULSE AND COLLISIONS

Name: ______FLORES, JAYSON T._______________________________________ Seat no.: __1___ Score:

Course/Year/Sec: _BET-CT-NS-2B____Sem. /S.Y.: _2020-2021_ Instructor: ___SIR. DARIUS FAJARDO___
Date Started: ___10/17/2020_____ Date Finished: ____10/22/2020____Date Submitted: ___10/23/2020___

Directions

1. Write the solution to each question on separate short bond paper. Follow the format as explained by
your teacher.
2. Summarize all your answers on the “Summary of Answers” section provided.

Summary of Answers

(a) _ v = 22.0 m/s

(b) m = 1.14 kg
1. ______________________________________________________________________________

2. ______________________________________________________________________________
A = 5.86 m/s , 5.42 m/s
B = 7x10^2 jn
3. ______________________________________________________________________________

𝒗𝟐 = −𝟒. 𝟕𝟏 𝒎/𝒔
4. _______________________________________________________________________________

𝒎 = 𝟏𝟎𝟕𝟏. 𝟒𝟑 𝒌𝒈
5. _______________________________________________________________________________
𝒗𝒇 = 𝟐. 𝟓 𝒎/𝒔 , Δ k = 3.75 z 10^4
6. _______________________________________________________________________________

𝒗𝒎 = 7.80 m/s
Velf = 14. 196
7. ______________________________________________________________________________

𝑨. ) 𝒗𝟐 = 𝟐0.9333 m/s , (KE)1 = 2175000 j , (KE)2 = 2166320 j

B. ) L = 𝑲𝑬 𝟏 − 𝑲𝑬 𝟐 = 𝟖𝟔𝟖𝟎 𝑱
8. _______________________________________________________________________________
 𝒗 𝟐 e ow a is
9. _______________________________________________________________________________

Problems

1. An object has a kinetic energy of 275 J and a momentum of magnitude 25.0 kg-m/s. Find the speed
and mass of the object.

GIVEN: p = 25.0 kg.m/s

KE = 275 J

Momentum law (mv=p)

KE = (P)^2/2m
KE = p^2/2m
2m*KE = p^2
m = p^2/2KE = 25^2/2*275
m = 1.114kg

Momentum law (p=mv)

 p/m = v
v = p/m = 25/1.14
v = 22m/s

SUMMARY:

(a) v = 22.0 m/s

(b) m = 1.14 kg

2. A baseball approaches home plate at a speed of 45.0 m/s, moving horizontally just before being hit
by a bat. The batter hits a pop-up such that after hitting the bat, the baseball is moving at 55.0 m/s
straight up. The ball has a mass of 145 g and is in contact with the bat for 2.00 ms What is the
magnitude of the average vector force the ball exerts on the bat during their interaction?

𝒑 𝒊𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒂𝒍 𝟏𝟒𝟓 𝟏𝟎 −𝟑 𝟒𝟓
= 6. 2 -s (on x-axis)
𝒑 𝒇𝒊𝒏𝒂𝒍 𝟏𝟒𝟓 𝟏𝟎 −𝟑 𝟓𝟓
= 7.97 -s ( on y-axis)
𝒑 𝒂𝒑𝒑𝒍𝒊𝒆 √ 𝟔 𝟓𝟐𝟓 𝟐 + 𝟕 𝟗𝟕𝟓 𝟐

= .3 -s
𝑭 𝑷Δt
= .3 /(2. x ^3)
=
SUMMARY:

3. After a 0.300-kg rubber ball is dropped from a height of 1.75 m, it bounces off a concrete floor and
rebounds to a height of 1.50 m. (a) Determine the magnitude and direction of the impulse delivered
to the ball by the floor. (b) Estimate the time the ball is in contact with the floor and use this
estimate to calculate the average force the floor exerts on the ball.
 SOLUTION:

𝟏
𝑨 𝒎𝒗𝟐 /𝒃+ ) – ( + mgy A) =
𝟐
𝟏
𝒎𝒗𝟐 = mgy A
𝟐
𝒗𝒃 √𝟐 𝒈𝒚𝑨
𝒎
√𝟐 ∗ 𝟗 𝟖𝟏 𝒔𝟐 ∗ 𝟏 𝟕𝟓 𝒎
𝟓 𝟖𝟔 𝒎/𝒔
𝑯𝑬𝑵𝑪𝑬:
I=Δp
= (0.300 kg) (5.42 m/s – (- 5.86 m/s)) j = 3.38 m/s
IFΔt
F= I/ Δ t = 3.38 kg m/s / 0.05 = 7*10^2 jn

SUMMARY:
A = 5.86 m/s , 5.42 m/s
B = 7x10^2 jn
4. A 65.0-kg boy and his 40.0-kg sister, both wearing roller blades, face each other at rest. The girl
pushes the boy hard, sending him backward with velocity 2.90 m/s toward the west. Ignore friction.
Describe the subsequent motion of the girl.

GIVEN:
𝟔𝟓 𝟎 𝒎𝟏
𝟒𝟎 𝟎 𝒎𝟐
𝒎
𝒗𝟏 𝟐 𝟗𝟎
𝒔
𝒗𝟐 ?
FI AL M M UM = I I IAL M M UM
𝒎𝟏𝒗𝟏 + 𝒎𝟐𝒗𝟐 𝟎
SOLUTION:
𝒎𝟏𝒗𝟏 𝟐 𝟗𝟎
𝒗𝟐 − − 𝟔𝟓 𝟎 ∗ −𝟒 𝟕𝟏 𝒎/𝒔
𝒎𝟐 𝟒𝟎
SUMMARY:
𝒗𝟐 −𝟒 𝟕𝟏 𝒎/𝒔
 5. A 2,500-kg truck moving at 10.00 m/s strikes a car waiting at a traffic light, hooking bumpers. The
two continue to move together at 7.00 m/s. What was the mass of the struck car?

SOLUTION:

𝐈𝐍𝐈𝐓𝐈𝐀𝐋 𝐌𝐎𝐌𝐄𝐍𝐓𝐔𝐌 𝟐𝟓𝟎𝟎 𝟏𝟎 𝟐𝟓𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝐤𝐠 𝐦/𝐬

𝐅𝐈𝐍𝐀𝐋 𝐌𝐎𝐌𝐄𝐍𝐓𝐔𝐌 𝟐𝟓𝟎𝟎 + 𝐦 𝟕

THEREFORE:

2 = 7 + 7m
7m = 7
m = 7 .43 kg

SUMMARY:
𝒎 𝟏𝟎𝟕𝟏 𝟒𝟑 𝒌𝒈

6. A railroad car of mass 2.50 x 104 kg is moving with a speed of 4.00 m/s. It collides and couples with
three other coupled railroad cars, each of the same mass as the single car and moving in the same
direction with an initial speed of 2.00 m/s. (a) What is the speed of the four cars after the collision?
(b) How much mechanical energy is lost in the collision?
GIVEN:
𝒎𝟏 𝟐𝟓 𝟏𝟎𝟒 𝒌𝒈
b. Δ k = kf – fi
𝒎𝟐 𝟑𝒎 Δ k = ½ (m1+3m1) v^2f-(1/2m1v1^2+1/2)(3m1) v2/2
𝒎
𝒗𝟏 𝟒
𝒔 Δ k = ½ (4m1) v^2f-(1/2m1v1^2+3/2m1v1^2)
𝒗𝟐 𝟐 𝒎/𝒔 Δ k = ½ (4) (2.5x10^4)(2.5)^2-(1/2(2.5x10^4)(4)^2 -
3/2(2.5x10^4)(2)^2)
SOLUTION:
Δ k = 3.75 z 10^4
a. Δ P = 0
p1 = PF
m1v1 + m2v2 = (m1+m2) vf SUMMARY:
m1v1 + (3m1) v2 = (m1 + 3m1) vf 𝒗𝒇 𝟐 𝟓 𝒎/𝒔
m1v1 + (3m1) v2 = 4m1 vf
Δ k = 3.75 z 10^4
SOLVE FOR: (vf)
𝒗𝒇 𝒎𝟏𝒗𝟏 + 𝟑𝒎𝟏𝒗𝟐
𝟑 (𝟐 𝟓 𝟏𝟎𝟒 )
𝒗𝒇 𝟐 𝟓 𝟏𝟎𝟒 𝟒 +
𝟒 𝟐 𝟓 𝟏𝟎𝟒
𝒗𝒇 𝟐 𝟓 𝒎/𝒔

7. Two blocks of masses m and 3m are placed on a frictionless, horizontal surface. A light spring is
attached to the more massive block, and the blocks are pushed together with the spring between
them as shown in the figure below. A cord initially holding the blocks together is burned; after that
happens, the block of mass 3m moves to the right with a speed of 2.00 m/s. (a) What is the velocity
of the block of mass m? ( ) Find the system’s origina e astic potentia energy, taking m = 0.350 kg.
 SOLUTION:
a
𝒎𝒗 𝒎 + 𝟑𝒎 𝑽 𝟑𝒎 − 𝟎
𝟑𝒎
𝒗𝒎 − 𝑽𝟑𝒎
𝒎
−𝟑 𝑽 𝟑𝒎
x 2.6 c
7.8 c
𝒗𝒎 7.8 m/s
(b)
Velf – Veli (kf – ki )
– Velf (1/2mv^2/m + ½ mv^2/ m)
Velf m/2 (V^2/m + V^2/ m
. 5 /2(7.8 ^2 + x 2.6 ^2
Velf 14. 196
SUMMARY:
𝒗𝒎 7.8 m/s
Velf 14. 196

8. A 1200-kg car traveling initially at 25.0 m/s in an easterly direction crashes into the back of a 9,000kg
truck moving in the same direction at 20.0 m/s. The velocity of the car immediately after the collision
is 18.0 m/s to the east. (a) What is the velocity of the truck immediately after the collision? (b) What
is the change in mechanical energy of the car–truck system in the collision?

SOLUTION:
a
𝒎𝟏𝒗𝟐 𝒎 + 𝒎𝟐𝒗𝟐 𝒎𝟏𝒗𝟐 𝒎 + 𝒎𝟐𝒗𝟐
𝒎𝟐𝒗𝟐 𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎 𝟐𝟓 + 𝟗𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝟐𝟎 − 12 x 18)
𝟏𝟖𝟖𝟒𝟎𝟎
𝒗2 188 00 / 9000
2 .9 m/s
(b)
𝑲𝑬 𝟏 𝑲𝑬 𝟐 + 1
𝑲𝑬 𝟏 𝟎 𝟓 (M1 x U1 ^2 + M2 x U2^2)
2175 j
𝑲𝑬 𝟐 𝟎 𝟓 (M1 x V1 ^2 + M2 x V2^2)
2166 2 j
L 𝑲𝑬 𝟏 − 𝑲𝑬 𝟐 𝟖𝟔𝟖𝟎 𝑱
SUMMARY:
𝑨 𝒗𝟐 𝟐 .9 m/s (KE)1 2175 j (KE)2 2166 2 j
B L 𝑲𝑬 𝟏 − 𝑲𝑬 𝟐 𝟖𝟔𝟖𝟎 𝑱
9. Two ice skaters, C ark and Char es, are practicing in the preparation for a competition. C ark’s mass is
75.0 kg and Char es’ mass is 50 kg. C ark stops to tie his shoe ace and, whi e at rest, is struck y
Charles, who is moving at 13 m/s before she collides with him. After the collision, Charles has a
velocity of magnitude 10 m/s at an angle of 37° from her initial direction. What is the magnitude of
the velocity of Clark and in what angle from the initial velocity of Charles? Both skaters move on a
frictionless horizontal surface of the rink. [Hint: Use conservation of momentum in 2-dimensional.
Solve for the x- and y-components of C ark’s ve ocity after co ision then so ve for the ang e.

SOLUTION:
𝑴 𝒗 𝟏𝒚 + 𝑴𝒓𝑽𝑹𝑰𝟏𝒀 𝑴 𝒗 𝟐𝒚 + 𝑴𝒓𝑽𝑹𝑰𝟐𝒀
𝟕𝟓 𝟎 + 𝟓𝟎 𝟏𝟑 𝟕𝟓 𝒗 𝟐 + 𝟓𝟎 𝟒 𝟖𝟎
50 13 − 50 4 80
𝒗 𝟐 75
𝒗 𝟐 .47 m/s
𝟕𝟓 𝟎 + 𝟓𝟎 𝟎 𝟕𝟓 𝒗 𝟐 + 𝟓𝟎 𝟒 𝟖𝟎
0− 50 − 4 80
𝒗 𝟐 75
𝒗 𝟐 -3.2 m/s
𝒗 𝟐 √𝑣2𝑑2𝑥 + 𝑣 2 𝑑2𝑦
𝒗 𝟐 √ 5 7 2 + − 2 2
𝑚
𝒗 𝟐
𝑠
FOR ANGLE DIRECTION:
𝑣𝑑2𝑦
tan−𝟏
𝑣𝑑2𝑥
− 2
tan−𝟏
5 7
e ow a is
SUMMARY:
𝒗 𝟐 e ow a is