Year 3 Chemistry: CH305 Stoichiometry (5) – Reacting solutions

Notes/Worksheet

Structured Questions

1 80g of sodium hydroxide crystals is dissolved in 500 cm 3 of water. Find the concentration
of this solution of sodium hydroxide in mol/dm3.
80 ÷ (23 + 16 + 1) = 20mol 3
20 ÷ (500 ÷ 1000) = 4 mol/dm
2 Aqueous sodium chloride can be prepared by titrating aqueous sodium hydroxide with
dilute hydrochloric acid. The equation for this reaction is shown below.

NaOH (aq) + HCl (aq) → NaCl (aq) + H2O (l)

In this titration, 25.0 cm3 of 1.0 mol/dm3 sodium hydroxide was used. Calculate
the volume of 2.0 mol/dm3 hydrochloric acid need to neutralize the alkali.
Moles of sodium hydroxide
1.0 x (25 ÷ 1000) = 0.025 mol
mole ratio
1: 1
Moles of HCl = 0.025
0.025 ÷ 2.0 = 0.0125 dm3

3 In an experiment, 25.0cm3 of aqueous sodium hydroxide, 0.4mol / dm3, was

neutralised by 20.0 cm3 of aqueous oxalic acid, H2C2O4.
2NaOH + H2C2O4 → Na2C2O4 +2H2O

Calculate the concentration of the oxalic acid in mol /dm 3.

(a) Calculate the number of moles of NaOH in 25.0 cm 3 of 0.4mol /dm 3 solution
0.025 x 0.4 = 0.01 mol
(b) Use your answer to (i) and the mole ratio in the equation to find out the number of

moles of H2C2O4 in 20 cm3 of solution.

[1]
0.01 ÷ 2 = 0.005 mol

(c) Calculate the concentration, mol /dm3, of the aqueous oxalic acid. [2]

0.005 ÷ 0.02 = 0.25 mol /dm3

Prepared by Goh HC 23
5 Each tablet contains the same number of moles of CaCO3 and MgCO3. One tablet
reacted with excess hydrochloric acid to produce 0.24 dm3 of carbon dioxide at r.t.p.

CaCO3 + 2HCl → CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O

MgCO3 + 2HCl → MgCl2 + CO2 + H2O

(a) Calculate how many moles of CaCO 3 there are in one tablet. [3]

number of moles CO2 = 0.01

number of moles of CaCO3 and MgCO3 = 0.01

number of moles of CaCO3 = 0.01

3
(b) Calculate the volume of hydrochloric acid, 1.0 mol /dm , needed to react with one

tablet. [2]

number of moles of CaCO3 and MgCO3 in one tablet = ……………

Use your answer to (c)(i).

number of moles of HCl needed to react with one tablet = 0.02

volume of hydrochloric acid, 1.0 mol /dm3, needed to

react with one tablet = 0.02 = 1.0 x v
v = 0.02 dm 3

Prepared by Goh HC 24