Recent Trends in Mechanical

Engineering
Unit III : Recent Trends in Manufacturing in
Industry
CO III
Cite examples of Modern
Manufacturing in Industry
XX Month 200X
Agenda

Key takeaways
Interpret the “Automation” in Mechanical
Industry. Needs.
Basic Elements of Automated systems.

RAJESH KALE
Workshop Superintendent

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 Automation

► Smart manufacturing is a convergence of modern data science techniques and artificial intelligence to form the factory of the
future.
► Smart manufacturing is about increasing efficiency and eliminating pain points in systems.
► It‘s characterized by a highly connected, knowledge-enabledindustrial enterprise where all organizations and operating
systems.
► Giving enterprises or business - enhanced productivity, sustainability, and economic performance.
► Smart factory is actually an Industry 4.0 that demands smart systems integrated with intelligence to have a better human-
machine interface.

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Smart Manufacturing Processes: Three Dimensions:

(1) Demand Driven and Integrated Supply Chains : It includes - Digital Tools, Product Representation and Exchange Technologies
and Standards, Agile (Additive) Manufacturing Systems and Standards. Mass Customization, Smart Machine Tools, Robotics
and Automation, Smart Communication systems Information, Mobility, Communication Technologies, Protocols, Cyber Physical
Systems.
(2) Dynamically Optimized Manufacturing Enterprises (plant + enterprise operations): It includes - Online Predictive Modeling,
Monitoring and Intelligent Control of Machining/Manufacturing and Logistics/Supply Chain Processes, Smart Energy
Management of manufacturing processes and facilities.
(3) Real Time, Sustainable Resource Management :It must have - Eliminating Errors and Omissions,Improving Speed/Agility,
Improving Information Capture/Traceability, Improving Intelligent Decision Making under uncertainty Assisted/Augmented
Production, Assisted/Augmented Assembly, Assisted/Augmented Quality, Assisted/Augmented Maintenance.
Historical Development of Smart Manufacturing: Fig is shown below
Industrial Revolutions:
First : Conventional product cycle,
Second : CAD/CAM product cycle in which single alone CNC technology
Third : Rise of computers, computer networks (WAN, LAN, MAN), the just rise of robotics
Fourth : Internet of Things, Big Data, cloud, advanced robotics and AI /cognitive.

Footnotes

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Elements of Smart Manufacturing:

 Internet of Things(IoT): The IoT is the infrastructure of interconnection among objects. In manufacturing systems, each device is
embedded with electronic software. Sensors, and Actuators is connected to Internet networks.

Footnotes

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Internet of Things characteristics:

• Connectivity: This doesn‘t need much further explanation. Devices, sensors, they need to be connected to an item, to each
other, actuator, a process and to the Internet‘ or another network.
• Things: From sensors and household appliances to tagged livestock. Devices can contain sensors or sensing materials can
be attached to devices and items.
• Data: Data is the glue of the Internet of Things, the first step towards action and intelligence.
• Communication: Devices get connected so they can communicate data and this data can be analyzed.
• Intelligence: The aspect of intelligence as in the sensing capabilities in IoT devices and the intelligence gathered from data
analytics (also artificial intelligence).
• Action: The consequence of intelligence. This can be manual action, action based upon debates regarding phenomena (for
instance in climate change decisions) and automation, often the most important piece.
• Ecosystem: The place of the Internet of Things from a perspective of other technologies, communities, goals and the
picture in which the Internet of Things fits. The Internet of Everything dimension, the platform dimension and the need for solid
partnerships.

Footnotes

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IoT – Example

Manufacturing: “IoT Manufacturing”. Below Fig will explain .

Footnotes

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IoT Applications:

• Predictive and preventative maintenance

• Supply chain management
• Inventories and logistics.
• Factory floor efficiency will have the largest impact
• Increasing productivity by as much as 25 percent.
• Iot + data analytics + machine learning

Footnotes

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 Digital Transformations:

 Digital transformation is the process of using digital technologies to create new or modify existing business
processes, culture, and customer experiences to meet changing business and market requirements.
 The branch of scientific or engineering knowledge that deals with the creation and practical use of digital or
computerized devices, methods, systems, etc. advances in digital technology.
 Digital technologies are electronic tools, systems, devices and resources that generate store or process data. Well
known examples include social media, online games, multimedia and mobile phones.
Digital Twin: The applications of DT in Smart Manufacturing are directed as below.
Designing and verifying of products :Enables the iterative optimization of design
Monitoring product over production life-cycle: digital representation of product from the early design stage to the end of product life-cycle.
Designing and verifying of processes and production lines: DT
to assist the design of process function and production line capabilities
Enhancing resources overhaul maintenance:DT to trace resources digital behavior to diagnose and prognosticate faults, failure,
and performance deviation.
Following figure will explain the concept of DIGITAL TWIN

Footnotes

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Digital Twin:

Footnotes

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 Artificial Intelligence:

Artificial intelligence (AI) is an area of computer science that emphasizes the creation of
intelligent machines that work and reacts like humans. For example, speech recognition,
problem-solving, learning and planning. Theoretical AI says that Intelligence (be it natural or artificial)
has three types.
 Artificial Narrow Intelligence ( ANI )
 Artificial General Intelligence ( AGI )
 Artificial Super Intelligence ( ASI )

Disadvantages of Artificial Intelligence:

• High Cost; No Replicating Humans ; No Improvement with Experience; No Original Creativity & Unemployment

Footnotes

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 Cloud computing:

In the simplest terms, cloud computing means storing and accessing data and programs over the Internet
instead of your computer's hard drive.
With cloud computing, users can access files and use applications from any device that can access the
Internet. An example of a Cloud Computing provider is Google's Gmail.
Benefits of cloud computing:
• Reduced IT costs.
• Scalability.
• Business continuity.
• Collaboration efficiency.
• Flexibility of work practices.
• Access to automatic updates.

Footnotes

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 Artificial Intelligence:

Artificial intelligence (AI) is an area of computer science that emphasizes the creation of
intelligent machines that work and reacts like humans. For example, speech recognition,
problem-solving, learning and planning. Theoretical AI says that Intelligence (be it natural or artificial)
has three types.
 Artificial Narrow Intelligence ( ANI )
 Artificial General Intelligence ( AGI )
 Artificial Super Intelligence ( ASI )

Disadvantages of Artificial Intelligence:

• High Cost; No Replicating Humans ; No Improvement with Experience; No Original Creativity & Unemployment

Footnotes

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 Artificial Intelligence:

Artificial intelligence (AI) is an area of computer science that emphasizes the creation of
intelligent machines that work and reacts like humans. For example, speech recognition,
problem-solving, learning and planning. Theoretical AI says that Intelligence (be it natural or artificial)
has three types.
 Artificial Narrow Intelligence ( ANI )
 Artificial General Intelligence ( AGI )
 Artificial Super Intelligence ( ASI )

Disadvantages of Artificial Intelligence:

• High Cost; No Replicating Humans ; No Improvement with Experience; No Original Creativity & Unemployment

Footnotes

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Thank you