DCA10042

Building Construction and Materials

PREPARED BY
NORDIANA BINTI MOHD NORDIN
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES (CLO)
Upon completion of this course, students should be able to:
CLO 1 : apply various building materials which comply to Malaysian
Standard (MS) for a specific project. (C3,PLO1)
CLO 2 : constructs method of construction and other architectural
components for building systems. (P4,PLO3)
CLO 3 : initiates v erbal and written communication skills of building
system for a specific project. (A3,PLO7)
MASONRY
Brick masonry is made up of brick units bonded together with mortar.
BRICK SIZE
Bricks are the most commonly used construction material. Bricks
are prepared by moulding clay in rectangular blocks of uniform
size and then drying and burning these blocks.

Preparation of clay
• Moulding
• Drying
• Burning
TYPES OF MASONRY

Common Brick
Facing Brick
Engineering Brick
COMMON BRICK
-Tidak mempunyai kemasan tertentu di atas permukaannya.
-Digunakan untuk dinding-dinding sekatan yang akan ditutupi dengan lapisan
lepa.

-Warnanya adalah berubah

daripada kekuning-kuningan
hingga coklat.
-Tidak mempunyai kekuatan
yang begitu tinggi dan
harganya tidak begitu mahal
jika dibandingkan dengan bata
muka atau bata kejuruteraan.
FACING BRICK
Mempunyai kemasan yang direka khas pada permukaannya, yang ada
bertekstur, licin atau berpasir dan tidak perlu dilepa permukaannya.
Warnanya adalah segaya atau berwarna-warni.
Digunakan untuk dinding muka supaya kelihatan cantik.
Sifatnya adalah lasak di mana ia
mempunyai keupayaan untuk
menahan kesan frost, hujan,
angina dan asap kimia tanpa
berlaku pemecahan.
Mempunyai kekerasan yang
cukup untuk menampung beban
yang diagihkan ke atasnya.
Bata jenis ini dibuat melalui proses
tekanan
ENGINEERING BRICK
Diperbuat daripada tanah liat yang terpilih dan dihancurkan dengan teliti,
dibentukkan dan kemudian dibakar.
Ia juga merupakan bata yang sangat keras dan padat serta tidak mudah
menyerap air dan biasanya digunakan untuk binaan-binaan berikut:
a. Tembok penahan
b. Dinding atau tembok sambut yang
menanggung beban
c. Tembok landas dan tembok sambut jambatan
d. Pembentungan bata
e. bentuk-bentuk dinding lain yang mungkin
terdedah kepada tindakan asid dan hakisanBata
kejuruteraan hendaklah menepati piawaian
Malaysia MS7.6 di mana rintangan hancur
muktamad adalah lebih daripada 50N/mm2.
ADVANTAGES OF MASONRY MATERIAL
Termite resistance –elim inating woods means that termites have nothing to
consume
Maintenance free –does not required painting that provides structure with
decreased life cycle costs and low maintenance.
Weather resistant –Masonry walls are more resistant from hurricane, heat and
tornadoes. It can hold heavy storm
Fire resistance –its made from non-combustible materials
Environmental friendly –its recognized as green building material that has low
impact to nature.
Sound proofing –block out noise compared to wood
DISADVANTAGES OF MASONRY MATERIAL
Moisture absorber–its absorb moisture when raining (moss).
Color deterioration –extreme weather causes masonry to degrade.
Heavy foundation –masonry walls are heavy and needs to build large
foundation to avoid crack.
More skill labor –required skilled labor to build masonry wall.
Time constrain –masonry wall need more time to be build.
 MASONRY CONSTRUCTION
Individual unit of masonry material put together and bonded together by mortar
BRICK CLOSURE
TYPES OF MASONRY BOND

Stack Bond
Stretcher Bond
Header Bond
English Bond
Flemish Bond
STACK BOND
A brick or masonry bond where the all members are aligned
vertically. There is no staggered effect or overlapping and therefore
the arrangement is inherently weak. Also known as Stacked Bond.
This bond is only used for effect and for infill panels where the
structural strength is gained elsewhere. Even then, with stack
bonding it is always advisable to use extra bed reinforcement.
STACK BOND
STRETCHER BOND
Is the simplest systems of laying bricks and consist of all stretcher.
It is used commonly in cavity wall and facing tile wall
construction.
Originally used for single brick walls, least amount of cutting
required. It is therefore the most economical bond pattern and is
extensively used in modern building.
STRETCHER BOND
STRETCHER BOND
STRETCHER BOND
HEADER BOND
A brick or masonry bond where the all members are aligned
vertically which the head is facing to the outside. There is an effect of
overlapping. This method is particularly strong as the width of the wall
is the whole length of a brick. Historically it was used for buildings of
high quality, often used for curved brickwork.
HEADER BOND
HEADER BOND
HEADER BOND
ENGLISH BOND
A brick or masonry bond where the all
members are aligned vertically which the
head and the side is facing to the outside in
1 layer. There is an effect of overlapping.
The layout are arranged alternately from
one another.
It comprises of alternative courses of
headers and stretchers. It provides a strong
bond when the wall is one brick thick. It is
the preferred bonding pattern for bridges,
viaducts, embankment walls and other civil
engineering architectures.
ENGLISH BOND
ENGLISH BOND
ENGLISH BOND
FLEMISH BOND
A brick or masonry bond where the all
members are aligned vertically which
the head and the side is facing to the
outside. There is an effect of
overlapping. The layout are arranged
alternately from one another. Flemish
bonds can be replicated in the half-
brick outer leaf of a cavity wall by using
whole bricks as stretchers, while the
headers are created by half bricks
called bats or snap-headers. It is not as
strong as English bond at one brick thick.
FLEMISH BOND
FLEMISH BOND
FLEMISH BOND
THANK YOU