LENY JOY R.

DUPO MIDTERM EXAM

TRUE OR FALSE

1. True 6. True
2. False 7. True
3. True 8. False
4. True 9. True
5. True 10. True

ESSAY QUESTIONS

1. WHY STUDY THE PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION? WHAT DIFFERENCE

SHOULD IT MAKE?

A school without its philosophy is useless. So is an education without its goals or basis. It is
therefore relevant to know and understand the philosophy of education to get a full view of its
goals and to understand its main purpose. By doing so, we also began to understand the basic
concept of life and living.

Overall, the philosophy, mission and vision are the framework of education. If we get a full
grasp of the philosophy of education, and comprehend it, we could make rational decisions form
a curriculum, or evaluate institutional or individual progress. If this is present, surely, we also
have a sense of purpose and a direction in life. From it we could make guidelines that could lead
us towards our goals. What difference should it make? Simple, with the philosophy of education,
you also achieve new meaning in life.

2. WHY IS METAPHYSICS SO IMPORTANT TO EDUCATION?

Metaphysics in a broader sense is beyond what science could explain and what human minds
could fathom. So how is this relevant to education? Simply put, Metaphysics tries to evaluate
and explain the realities of life. As such it helps achieve the purpose of education. Metaphysics
supports the philosophy of education. Education, like other human activities, cannot operate
outside the realm of metaphysics. Metaphysics, or the issue of ultimate reality, is central to any
concept of education, because it is important for the educational program of the school
(orfamily or church) to be based upon fact and reality rather than fancy, illusion, error, or
imagination.

3. WHY DO ADVENTIST AND OTHER CHRISTIANS SPEND MILLIONS ON

PRIVATE SYSTEMS OF EDUCATION WHEN FREE PUBLIC SYSTEMS ARE
WIDELY AVAILABLE?

I supposed this has something to do with the quality of education offered. Parents usually
disregard the amount of money spent as long as they can give the best education to their
children. Because of their metaphysical beliefs regarding the nature of ultimate reality, the
existence, the role of God in human affairs, and the nature and role of human beings as God’s
children. At their deepest levels, men and women are motivated by metaphysical beliefs.

In addition, I believed that the Adventist and they desire to create educational
environments in which their most basic beliefs will be taught to their children. Hence, they aims
more not on the academic excellence of their children (though its already part of the whole
package) but rather on their spiritual growth and maturity, the establishment of their personal
relationship with Jesus and the development of their character. It is the ultimate goal of Christian
education more specifically the Adventist education and its every parent’s wish to instill in their
child these values in life.

4. EXPLAIN THE CONCEPT, “Philosophy drives decision making”.

As we have learned, philosophy gives meaning to life. Philosophy at its best deals with
the most basic issues of life – such as the nature of reality, truth, and value. Philosophy doesn’t
just tell us what to believe. It also helps us improve our ability to reason. We make decisions
based on the principles and philosophies we hold. It pushes one to think, to perceive and to
rationalize. And where this three are involve, choices are also manifested.

Without a distinctive philosophy of reality, truth, and value, a person or group cannot
make intelligent decisions either for their individual lives or for developing an educational
system. The questions addressed by philosophy provides us th basis of answers to the basic
questions of life. There is no decision making that is unrelated to the issues of reality, truth, and
value. Thus, this leads us to this concept “Philosophy drives decision making”.

5. WHY IS PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION MUCH BROADER THAN

PHILOSOPHY OF SCHOOLING?

A philosophy of education is much broader than a philosophy of schooling. Schooling

centers and revolves around a concrete building were teachers and student relationship exist.
More so, schools are only one aspect of any social group’s educational system. But education
extends beyond that small area. It comes from all angles and can be achieve from any possible
means where learning and change takes place. The family, media, peer group, and church also
share the responsibility for educating the next generation, with the family holding the dominant
role. Even experiences are deemed to be a source of education. Hence, the saying ‘Education is
the best teacher.’

Simply put, Education is a continues process. We never stop learning. Not until we die
school ends the moment we graduate of college and receive our diploma.

6. DESCRIBE A UNIFIED EDUCATION THAT PROVIDES THE BEST OVERALL

EXPERIENCE.

I believe base on my study and readings of the book Education, that a real unified education
is one that is founded in Christ and conformed to the Creator’s plan. An education that does not
meet this requirement fails to achieve its purpose. It is just useless, meaningless and definitely
fruitless. A unified education is one that attains to restore the God’s image through the
harmonious development of the physical, mental, social and spiritual faculties of life that was
lost and destroyed by sin. It seeks to achieve this with the Holy Scriptures as its perfect standard
of truth.

A unified education provides more than mental discipline; it provides more than physical
training nor academic learning. It strengthens the character, so that truth and uprightness will not
be a sacrifice to selfish desires or worldly ambitions. It fortifies the mind against evil. It renews
and transform you and reconnects you to God. In addition, The best overall educational
experience, of course, takes place when parents, teachers, and church leaders all share the same
concerns and provide a learning environment in which each student experiences a unified
education rather than a schizophrenic one in which the significant educators espouse different
views.

7. DESCRIBE EACH OF THE FOLLOWING SOURCES OF KNOWLEDGE

INCLUDING THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF EACH.

a. EMPIRICAL

Empiricism believes that knowledge comes only or primarily from sensory experience.
The advantage of empirical knowledge is that many sensory experiences and experiments are
open to both replication and public examination. It explores probabilities in science as an
example. And it can prove a theory using it. However, the danger of naively embracing this
approach is that data obtained from the human sense have been demonstrated at times to be both
incomplete and undependable. What a person perceive as true can be false to another person.
Perception is not universal. Fatigue, frustration, and illness also distort and limit sensory
perception. In addition, there are sound and light waves that are inaudible and invisible to
unaided human perception.

b. REVELATION

Revealed knowledge has been of prime importance in the field of religion. It differs from
all other sources of knowledge because it presupposes a transcendent supernatural reality that
breaks into the natural order. Believers in supernatural revelation hold that this form of
knowledge has the distinct advantage of being an omniscient source of information. The truth
revealed through this source is believed by Christians to be absolute and uncontaminated. On the
other hand, this revealed truth can be distorted by the different interpretation human imposed on
them. One major disadvantage of revealed knowledge is that it must be accepted by faith and
cannot be proved or disproved empirically.

c. AUTHORITY
 Authoritative knowledge is accepted as true because it comes from experts or has been
sanctified over time as tradition. Accepting authority as a source of knowledge has its advantages
as well as its dangers. Civilization would certainly stagnate if people refused to accept any
statement unless they personally verified it through direct, first-hand experience. On the other
hand, if authoritative knowledge is built upon a foundation of incorrect assumptions, then such
knowledge will surely be distorted.

d. REASON

Rationalism refers to the view that reasoning, thought, or logic is the central factor in
knowledge. The rationalist, in emphasizing humanity’s power of thought claims that the senses
alone cannot provide universal, valid judgments that are consistent with one another. From this
perspective, the sensations and experiences humans obtain through their senses are the raw
material of knowledge. Systems of logic have the advantage of possessing internal consistency,
but they risk being disconnected from the external world. Systems of thought based upon logic
are only as valid as the premises upon which they are built. They cannot be basis solely as not
all logic worlds in reality.

e. INTUITION

This refers to the direct apprehension of knowledge that is not derived from conscious
reasoning or immediate sense perception. According the literature, it is the ‘immediate feeling of
certainty’. It is a sudden flash of insight in our consciousness. It is claimed as both source of
religious and secular knowledge. he weakness or danger of intuition is that it does not appear to
be a reliable method of obtaining knowledge when used alone. It goes astray very easily and may
lead to absurd claims unless it is controlled by or checked against other methods of knowing.
Intuitive knowledge, however, has the distinct advantage of being able to bypass the limitations
of human experience.
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