The impact of Online Learning During Covid 19:

Students and Teachers Perspectives

A THESIS PROPOSAL
Presented to
the Principal and Faculty
of the University of Bohol
Victoriano D. Tirol Advanced Learning Center

________________________________________________________________

By:
Researchers

May 2021
 CHAPTER I
THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE

Rationale

It would take a few more years to flatten the curve. Given by the current

situation, students and teachers will have another year of online classes. The

COVID-19 pandemic has led to a dramatic change in our livelihood, and the

domain of education has also been affected drastically. After the school closings,

students have to stay at home and transitioned into online schooling. The effect

of the pandemic is felt differently, both students and teachers are affected by this

new change and are managing to cope. It would take a few more years to flatten

the curve. Given by the current situation, students and teachers will have another

year of online classes.

People cope with stress differently. The stress of having to change the

pattern of their lifestyle, leaving the comforts they had, the inevitable economic

impact, and the feeling of hopelessness, affecting their mental state.

Unfortunately, some may even go as far to taking their own lives due to

overwhelming stress.

The COVID-19 pandemic has caught the educational system by surprise

leaving it unprepared. Because the most radical remedy was to eliminate the

face-to-face teaching method, making it necessary to avail of the internet. Some

schools were unable to make use of the internet and had to resort to module
learning. Other schools, their teachers and students have the complete facilities

such that they were able to adapt the online learning system.

Obviously, the module method has some disadvantages (who told

you this? Is there a study or statement from somebody an expert maybe?)

such as the inability of the teachers to verify if their students actually read or

answered the modules or done by others. The phenomena of “ghost” students is

a reality and cannot be denied. Even in conducting periodical examinations the

teachers can never be sure if the test results were by the students themselves.

This reality has wreaked havoc on the honor system. In one particular instance

all the students got perfect scores. The same applies to schools online. The use

of module system is made difficult because of the expenses involved in the

production of modules. The money required for the paper and the printers is

considerable.

Economically private schools are harder hit by the pandemic than public

schools. The teachers of private schools are paid by the student fees whereas

the public schools are paid by public funds. Thus, the lack of students in public

schools does not bother their teachers but on the other hand the lack of students

in private schools will lead to reduced salary of the teachers.

Recent reports (from what report?) informed us that progressive

countries such as USA, Canada, Australia and other European countries have

now opened up their face-to-face schools although some have yet to wait awhile

to do so, this is because they have attended the state of herd immunity which

have made COVID-19 on the same level as common colds.

 Some experts, (who?) have predicted that online learning will become

popular in these countries such that some schools will adapt the hybrid system, a

combination of online and face-to-face classes.

For the Philippines however, the light of the end of the tunnel is not yet

seen and we have to expect a longer while for this pandemic to go away.

Considering however that the pandemic has resulted into so many

consequences it is decided to narrow down this study into inquiry of the

difficulties experienced by the students and teachers in the learning process and

the mental health of said students and teachers.

The most feasible method to gather information or data for this study is by

questionnaire supplemented by interviews of the respondents. The respondents

will be limited to students and teachers in the senior high UB VDT-ALC. The

responses of the respondents will then be compiled and subjected to analysis to

come up with reliable conclusions.

This study will be conducted on the new experiences and the resulting

difficulties encountered by the teachers and students with these new educational

methods such as, the lack of face-to-face teaching, developing teaching

materials, effective monitoring of the pupils learning level, and so many others,

causing an ineffective state of learning. Moreover, teachers and students may

not also have the best device encountering poor internet connection, low fps,

choppy call, and so on. The bewilderment of the students and teachers most

probably have affected their mental health.

Considering that the phenomena of the COVID-19 pandemic is very recent, it

follows that there would be several studies on the effects of the same on the

learning process between students and teachers. But then none had yet been

published for reference such that this particular research will navigate on its own.

(Discuss the purpose of your study in the last paragraph)

Theoretical Background

https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1154117.pdf - search here the

online learning theories like the learning theory, Community of Inquiry,

Connectivism, Online Collaborative learning, Integrated Theory of Online

learning ( Integrated Model).

As mentioned, the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted into so many

consequences but among the most significant is the new normal learning

process which is the online learning rather than face-to-face. There had been

many debates on the efficacy of online learning because of the lack of personal

interaction between students and teachers, and between students themselves.

It cannot be denied that the online learning method requires a higher level of

technology as compared to face-to-face method which in the Philippines is not

yet highly developed. This has caused difficulties among the teachers and

students and even of the parents themselves.

The training of the teachers (while they were still students) never

anticipated online learning and thus they were totally unprepared for this. On the
other hand the students had been nurtured on the face-to-face learning and to

them online learning is a new animal.

You can use this in your rationale

Online Collaborative Learning

This theory is not to replace the teacher, but to use the technology

primarily to increase and improve communication between teachers and

students, with a particular approach to the development of learning based on

knowledge construction assisted and developed through social discourse. This

social discourse furthermore is not random, but managed in such a way as to

‘scaffold’ learning, by assisting with the construction of knowledge in ways that

are guided by the teacher, that reflect the norms or values of the discipline, and

that also respect or take into consideration the prior knowledge within the

discipline. Students and teachers have a significant role in the learning process.

Any intervention ignoring these factors will be ineffective in warranting students

and teachers’ satisfaction in their online learning and teaching. Powers and

Rossman (1985) discussed students’ interaction with pears and with the teacher

necessary for satisfaction with online learning. Vonderwell and Turner (2005)

identified several factors that affect satisfaction levels of students and teachers,

such as clear directions about course objectives and assessment, and active

student-teacher interaction.

Legal Bases
 Republic Act No. 10173 or the Data Privacy Act of 2012 (DPA) “to protect

the fundamental human right to privacy of communication while ensuring free

flow of information to promote innovation and growth [and] the [State’s] inherent

obligation to ensure that personal information in information and communications

systems in government and in the private sector are secured and protected”. 

Moreover, The 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines - Article XIV

Section 1. The State shall protect and promote the right of all citizens to

quality education at all levels, and shall take appropriate steps to make such

education accessible to all.

The sudden impact of Covid 19 has affected students and teachers as

they cannot have traditional classes. All citizens have the right to quality

education at all levels. Thus, even with the pandemic, there must be appropriate

steps for such education to be accessible.

Furthermore, the Republic Act 6728, also known as the Government

Assistance to Students and Teachers in Private Education Act, is to provide

assistance to students and teachers in private institutions in the forms of tuition

fee supplement, scholarship grants, education loan funds, and etc.

Review of Related Literature

Discuss the variables on your study. Journals or articles about the online

learning, covid, students perception on online learning, teachers

perception on online learning, impact of Covid in learning,

 The global outbreak off the COVID-19 pandemic has spread worldwide,

affecting almost all countries and territories. The outbreak as first identified in

December 2019 in Wuhan, China. The countries around the world cautioned the

public to take responsive care. The public care strategies have included

handwashing, wearing face masks, physical distancing, and avoiding mass

gathering and assemblies. Lockdown and staying home strategies have been put

in place as the needed action to flatten the curve and control the transmission of

the disease. Student assessments are carried out online, with a lot of trial and

error, uncertainty and confusion among teachers, students and parents. The

approach adopted to conduct online examination varies as per the convenience

and expertise among the educators and the compatibility of the learners.

Lockdown and social distancing measures due to the COVID-19 pandemic

have led to closures of schools, training institutes and higher facilities in most

countries. There is a shift in the way of educators deliver quality education

through various online platforms. The online learning, distance and continuing

education have become a panacea for this unprecedented global pandemic,

despite the challenges posed to both educators and the learners. Transitioning

from traditional face-to-face learning to just online learning can be an entirely

different experience for the learners and the educators, which they must adapt to

with little or no alternatives available.

Related Studies

Discuss here the studies that are similar with your study.
In a recent study by Author(year) entitled “title” showed that… what is the

aim of the study, the respondents, the result. Search at least 7-10 studies.

The Covid 19 Pandemic has posed many challenges for students and teachers

especially in our school, UB-VDTALC and unsurprisingly, the students’

performance has suffered in response. However, there is cause for optimism.

There are a lot of disadvantages of online learning, most of the students don’t

have a stable connection when attending online classes, some students and

teachers don’t know how to use the internet especially if there is no phone or

laptop to be used at home and some places have no signal, this will be the cause

of not attending classes and cannot pass their activities and performances that is

given by the teacher.

Increasing peer interaction in the synchronous virtual classroom will take

more effort, but many teachers have already shown it can be done. Active-

learning techniques like pairing and small group activities have revolutionized the

physical classroom, and they seem to be quite effective in an online environment

too. Internet bandwidth is relatively low with lesser access point, and data

packages are costly in comparison to the income of the students, thus making

accessibility and affordability in adequate.

The lesson we learn from the Covid 19 pandemic is that teachers and

students should be oriented because most of us don’t know how to use different

online educational tools like laptops, computers and cellphones. After the Covid

19 pandemic, when the normal classes resume, teachers and students should be

encouraging to continue using online educational tools to enhance teaching and

learning skills of the students and teachers when having their classes every day

especially in our school, UB-VDTALC.

Research Flow

THEORIES LEGAL BASES

INPUT

Data

PROCESS

Statistical Treatment

OUTPUT
  Proposed Recommendation

Figure 1
THE PROBLEM

Statement of the Problem

This research involves an inquiry into the effect of the pandemic upon the

economic situation as well as the mental health of the students and teachers at

the VDT-ALC for the school year of 2020-2021.

This study therefore brings understanding on what the UBVDT-ALC Junior

High School students and teachers’ perspectives on online learning. It

specifically sought to answer the following questions.

1. What is the profile of the Junior High School Students of UB - VDTALC?

1.1 Age;

1.2 Sex; and

1.3 Grade Level

2. What is the profile of the Junior High School Teachers of UB - VDTALC?

2.1 Age;

2.2 Sex;

2.3 Marital Status; and

2.4 High Educational Attainment

 3. How does Online Learning affect their life as perceived by the students

and teachers in terms of:

3.1 Personal

3.2 Academic / Work

4. What are the difficulties during Online Learning as perceived by the Junior

High School students and teachers of UB - VDTALC?

4.1 Internet Connection

4.2 Device Used

4.3 Time Management

5. Is there a significant degree of difference on how online learning affects the

personal and academic life as perceived by the Junior High School students of

UB - VDTALC?

6. Is there a significant degree of difference on how online learning affects the

personal and work life as perceived by the Junior High School teachers of UB -

VDTALC?

7. Is there a degree of relationship between the difficulties during online learning

of students and their personal and academic life?

8. Is there a degree of relationship between the difficulties during online

learning of teachers and their personal and work life?

9. What recommendation could be proposed of the basis of the findings?

Null Hypothesis
1. There is no significant degree of difference on how online learning affects

the personal and academic life as perceived by the Junior High School

students of UB – VDTALC.
 2. There is no significant degree of difference on how online learning affects

the personal and work life as perceived by the Junior High School

teachers of UB – VDTALC.

3. There is no degree of relationship between the difficulties during online

learning of teachers and their personal and work life.

Significance of the Study

Aside from the satisfaction of the researchers’ desire, the result of this

study will also benefit the following:

Students – The proposed study will help the students of the department

feel comfortable and satisfied of the new normal of learning, it can help them in

their studies in school.

Faculty and Staff – The proposed study may serve the faculty and staff

as a basis or a guide in creating their own teaching skills when having their

online classes.

Parents – The proposed study will help the parents of the youth to

encourage their sons and daughters to take better responsibility of their modules

and online classes.

Future Researchers – The proposed study will benefit and help the future

researchers as their guide to their own study.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Design
 This study uses a qualitative design, it determines how the students and

teachers of the UBVDT-ALC comply with their impact and satisfactory about the

online learning. The researchers will use questionnaires to gather data from

respondents. Having an abundant number of students and teachers in the

UBVDT-ALC Junior High department, the researchers could surely gather

enough data to back up this study.

Respondents

The respondents of the questionnaires are bona fide from grade 7 to

grade 10 students and teachers of the UBVDT-ALC Junior High School

Department.

Environment

The study will be conducted in the UBVDT-ALC campus, located at

Penaflor St, Tagbilaran City, Bohol. Currently, it is recognized as a school that

will show the students and teachers’ impact and perspectives in their online

learning. The environment is a perfect place to conduct data gathering since its

students and teachers in the UBVDT-ALC Junior High department is diverse in

age and sex.

Instrument
Discuss what kind of questionnaire you will be using. Questionnaire – We

will use a questionnaire to gather data as it will contain close-ended questions

and open-ended questions, which will help the respondents elaborate more on

their opinions. Furthermore, the use of a questionnaire will help us gather a good
amount of data in a limited time frame, and the respondents’ anonymity is better

kept as they answer the questionnaire.

Discuss the part of your questionnaire.

PROCEDURE

Data Gathering Procedures

What should be the first step to conduct the study? Is it using the

questionnaire right away?

The researchers, will use questionnaires as our method of gathering data as our

research is qualitative due to the fact that we want to know the opinions or

experiences of the respondents.

Ethical Considerations

Anonymity – The researchers will be sure to keep the respondents’ answers

anonymous for the sake of their privacy.

Confidentiality – The researchers will keep the respondents’ answers

confidential for the sake of their privacy.

Informed Consent – The researchers will make sure that the participants are

fully informed about the evaluation that will be conducted. They will also be

informed about the purpose of the questionnaire, how the results will be used,

and who will have access to the findings.

In paragraph please.

Statistical Treatment

The researchers will use the statistical treatment of a 2-sample unpaired t-

test to find what the majority of respondents feel about the “new normal.”

How does each statistical treatment used in your study?

Where is your operational definition of term and references?