Koya University

Faculty of Engineering
Petroleum Engineering Department
Gas Condensate Reservoirs
Lecture 5
Prepared by: Haval Hawez
E-mail: haval.hawez@koyauniversity.org 1
Introduction:

 Might be thought produced as being intermediate between

oil and gas.

 Oil reservoirs have a dissolved content from zero to a few

thousand cubic feet per barrel.

 Gas reservoirs one barrel of liquid (condensate) is

vaporized in 100,000 SCF of gas or more.

 Small or negligible amount of hydrocarbon liquid obtained

in surface separators.

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Gas Condensate Reservoirs 2
Introduction:

 Gas Condensate production is predominantly gas from

which more or less liquid is condensed in the surface
separators.

 Gas condensate is about light-colored or colorless stock

tank liquids with gravities about 45 API.

 GOR in the range of 5000 to 100,000 SCF/bbl.

 Classification of reservoirs depends on the composition

of the hydrocarbon accumulation and the T, P of the
accumulation in the earth.
Gas Condensate Reservoirs 3
 Introduction:
• If the reservoir temperature between critical point and A single dense
cricondentherm – a retrograde gas condensate exists phase

Dew Point

Maximum liquid
Drop-out

Region of
retrograde
condensation

Dew Point

Single gas phase

Gas Condensate Reservoirs 4

Introduction:

Figure. Discovery
frequency of oil and gas or
gas-condensate reservoirs
versus depth. For 17
parishes in southwest
Louisiana, 1952-1956,
inclusive.

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Gas Condensate Reservoirs 5
Introduction:

Figure. Shows trend of

increase of gas-oil ratio
versus depth.. For 17
parishes in southwest
Louisiana, 1952-1956,
inclusive.

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Gas Condensate Reservoirs 6
Introduction:

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Example:

A gas reservoir produced 109 𝑆𝐶𝐹 of gas and

2000 𝑆𝑇𝐵 of oil. Calculate cumulative gas
produced ?

Assume: 𝛾𝑜 = 0.8, 𝑀𝑤𝑜 = 290.

 Solution: 𝐺𝑝 = 𝐺 + 𝐺𝐸

9 0.8
𝐺𝑝 = 10 + 2000 ∗ 133000 ∗
290

𝐺𝑝 = 1000 733793 SCF

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Gas Condensate Reservoirs 8
Gas Condensate in Place:

 Calculation of initial oil and gas

 The following methods can be used to investigate initial oil

and gas:

1. Determination of 𝛾𝑤 ( well head specific gravity)

2. By recombining method

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Gas Condensate Reservoirs 9
Determination of 𝛾𝑤 :

𝜸𝒘

 Surface Gas Oil ratio.

 Separator Gas

 Stock tank Gas

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Gas Condensate Reservoirs 10
Gas Condensate in Place:

𝐺𝑠𝑒𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟+ 𝐺𝑆𝑡𝑜𝑐𝑘𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘
𝐺𝑂𝑅 =
𝑉𝑜𝑙. 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑡𝑜𝑐𝑘 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘 𝑙𝑖𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑑

𝑀𝑔𝑎𝑠 𝜌𝑔
𝛾 𝑔𝑎𝑠 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑡𝑦 = 29
=
𝜌𝑎𝑖𝑟

29 = molecular weight of air

𝑤𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑔𝑎𝑠
𝑀𝑔 = 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 (𝑛)

𝑅 = 𝐺𝑂𝑅, 𝑆𝐶𝐹/𝑆𝑇𝐵
𝑚𝑤 = 𝑤𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑜𝑓 1 𝑆𝑇𝐵 𝑜𝑖𝑙 + 𝑤𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑅 𝑆𝐶𝐹 𝑔𝑎𝑠

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Gas Condensate Reservoirs 11
Gas Condensate in Place:
𝑅
𝑛=
379.5
𝑅 𝑃𝑉
𝑚𝑤 𝐼𝑏 = 62.4 ∗ 5.615 ∗ 𝛾𝑜 + ,𝑛 =
379.5 𝑧𝑅𝑇
𝑃𝑉
𝑚𝑤 𝐼𝑏 = 62.4 ∗ 5.615 ∗ 𝛾𝑜 + ∗ 379.5
𝑧𝑅𝑇

𝑤𝑡
 𝑛= , 𝑀𝑔 = 𝛾𝑔 ∗ 29
𝑀𝑔

29
𝑚𝑤 𝐼𝑏 = 350 ∗ 𝛾𝑜 + ∗ 𝑅 ∗ 𝛾𝑔
379.5

𝑚𝑤 𝐼𝑏 = 350 ∗ 𝛾𝑜 + 0.07636 ∗ 𝑅 ∗ 𝛾𝑔

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Gas Condensate Reservoirs 12
Gas Condensate in Place:
𝑛𝑡 = 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 = 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑖𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑑 + 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑔𝑎𝑠

350𝛾𝑜 𝑅
𝑛𝑡 = +
𝑀𝑜 379.5

350𝛾𝑜
𝑛𝑡 = + 0.002636 ∗ 𝑅
𝑀𝑜

𝑀𝑤 = 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑤𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑤𝑒𝑙𝑙 𝑓𝑙𝑢𝑖𝑑

𝑅 ∗ 𝛾𝑔 + 4584𝛾𝑜
𝑚𝑤 𝑀𝑤 =
𝑀𝑤 = 𝛾
𝑅 + 132800 ∗ 𝑀𝑜
𝑛𝑡
𝑜

141.5 44.29∗𝛾𝑜
𝛾𝑜 = 𝑜𝑟 ℎ𝑦𝑑𝑟𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 , 𝑀𝑤 =
𝐴𝑃𝐼+131.5 1.03−𝛾𝑜

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Gas Condensate Reservoirs 13
Gas Condensate in Place:
Example 1 : Calculate the initial gas and oil in place per ace-ft for
the gas condensate reservoir. Where:

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Gas Condensate Reservoirs 14
Gas Condensate in Place:
Solution:

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Gas Condensate Reservoirs 15
Gas Condensate in Place:
Solution: 𝑇𝑐 = 423 𝑅 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑝𝑐 = 637 𝑝𝑠𝑖𝑎.

𝑷𝒄

𝑻𝒄

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Gas Condensate Reservoirs 16
Gas Condensate in Place:
Solution: 𝑇ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑇𝑟 = 1.6 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑝𝑟 = 4.30 𝑢𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑓𝑖𝑔𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑏𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑤,
𝑧 = 0.825

Z= 0.825

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Gas Condensate Reservoirs 17
Gas Condensate in Place:
Solution:

Initial Gas in place per acre foot is

𝑃𝑉
𝐺 = 379 𝑛, 𝑛 =
𝑧𝑅𝑇

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Gas Condensate Reservoirs 18
Gas Condensate in Place:
Solution:

Initial Gas in place per acre foot is

 The volume fraction equals the mole fraction in the gas

state, the fraction of the total produced on the surface as
gas is

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Gas Condensate Reservoirs 19
Gas Condensate in Place:
Solution:

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Gas Condensate Reservoirs 20
Recombination Method:
 Knowing composition of separator gas and liquid
(chromatography)

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Gas Condensate Reservoirs 21
Recombination Method:
 Example 2: To calculate the initial gas and oil in place
from the compositions of the gas and liquid from the
high pressure separator.

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Gas Condensate Reservoirs 22
Recombination Method:
 Example 2:

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Gas Condensate Reservoirs 23
Recombination Method:
 Example 2:

 Solution

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Gas Condensate Reservoirs 24
Recombination Method:
 Example 2:

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Gas Condensate Reservoirs 25
Recombination Method:
 Example 2:

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Gas Condensate Reservoirs 26
Recombination Method:
 Example 2:

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Gas Condensate Reservoirs 27
Recombination Method:
 Solution

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Gas Condensate Reservoirs 28
Recombination Method:
 Solution

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Gas Condensate Reservoirs 29