Guided Practice

Make a table of values for each equation. (Explore Activity Example 1) 4 Elaborate
1. y = 2x + 5 2. y = _38 x - 5
Talk About It
x -2 -1 0 1 2 x -8 16 0 8 24 Summarize the Lesson
y 1 3 5 7 9 y -8 -5 -2 1 4 Have students complete the graphic organizer
showing at least one similarity and one difference
Explain why each relationship is not proportional. (Explore Activity 2)
between proportional and nonproportional linear
y
3. 4. relationships.
x 0 2 4 6 8
4
y 3 7 11 15 19
y
2 Similarities Differences
First calculate _x for the values in the table. x
-4 -2 O 2 4
Sample answer: Sample answer:
Undefined, 3.5, 2.75, 2.5, 2.375; -2 Both graph as Proportional linear
y
The ratio _x is not constant. lines. relationship: The line
-4
Both have a passes through the
constant rate of origin. Nonproportional
The graph is a line but it does not
change. linear relationship: The
pass through the origin. line does not pass
Complete the table for the equation. Then use the table to graph through the origin.
the equation. (Example 2)
y
5. y = x - 1 Guided Practice
4
x -2 -1 0 1 2
Avoid Common Errors
y -3 -2 -1 0 1 2
x t
Exercise 3 Remind students that the value of _yx
O
-4 -2 2 4 when y is 3 and x is 0 is undefined because the
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
-2
denominator of the fraction is 0.
-4
t
Exercise 4 Remind students that the graph of a
nonproportional linear relationship is a line that
does not pass through the origin.
?
? ESSENTIAL QUESTION CHECK-IN

6. How can you choose values for x when making a table of values Engage with the Whiteboard
representing a real world situation?
Have students label the coordinates of
Sample answer: Choose values that make sense in the several points in Exercise 4. Then have
context. For example, games played must be whole them demonstrate that the x- and y-values do not
numbers. form a proportion.

98 Unit 2

DIFFERENTIATE INSTRUCTION Intervention and Additional Support

Reteach
Name ________________________________________ Date __________________ Class __________________ Reading Strategies
Name ________________________________________ Date __________________ Class __________________ Success for English Learners
Name ________________________________________ Date __________________ Class __________________

LESSON
Representing Linear Nonproportional Relationships LESSON
Representing Linear Nonproportional Relationships LESSON
Representing Linear Nonproportional Relationships
4-1 4-1 4-1
Reteach Reading Strategies: Identify Relationships Success for English Learners
You can tell if a relationship is proportional or nonproportional when you
A relationship will be proportional if the ratios in a table of values of the
analyze data in a table. Problem 1
relationship are constant. The graph of a proportional relationship will be
a straight line through the origin. If either of these is not true, the First, you need to understand the terms proportional and nonproportional. y
When given a table, calculate values to see if the relationship is
relationship is nonproportional. x
x A proportional relationship has a constant ratio of y-values to x-values. proportional. If the ratio is constant, the relationship is proportional.
To graph the solutions of an equation, make a table of values.
Choose values that will give integer solutions. x A nonproportional relationship does not have a constant ratio of
y-values to x-values. In this table, every ratio y 3, so
x
A. Graph the solutions of y x  2. Use this table to determine whether the relationship between number of x 3 4 5 6 7
the relationship is proportional.
cars and number of tires is proportional: y 9 12 15 18 21
x 2 1 0 1 2
y y
Number of Cars, x Number of Tires, y In this table, every ratio is not
y 0 1 2 3 4 x x 3 4 5 6 7 x
4 the same value, so the relationship is
1 4 4 y 9 10 11 12 13
B. Tell whether the relationship is proportional. 1 not proportional, or nonproportional.
Explain. 8
2 8 4
The graph is a straight line, but it does not go 2
through the origin, so the relationship is not 12 Problem 2
3 12 4
proportional. 3
16 When given a graph, if the graph is a line through the origin, the
4 16 4 relationship is proportional. If the graph does not pass through the origin,
Make a table and graph the solutions of each equation.
1. y 3x  1
5 20
4
20
5
4
the relationship is not proportional.

This graph passes through the This graph does not pass through
Personal Math Trainer
the origin, so the relationship is not

Daily Intervention
y origin, so the relationship is
x 2 1 0 1 2 The relationship is proportional because each ratio has the same value, 4. proportional.
x proportional.
y
Determine if each relationship is proportional or nonproportional.
Explain your reasoning.
1. 4.1 Homework
x 1 2 3 4
y 7 10 13 16

2. y x  2 _________________________________________________________________________________________

x 2 1 0 1 2 _________________________________________________________________________________________
1. How can you tell from a table of values if a relationship is proportional?
y 2.
x
y
2
6
4
12
6
18
8
24
_________________________________________________________________________________________
Pages shown are from
Differentiated Instruction.
_________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. How can you tell from a graph if a relationship is proportional?

Also available online.

_________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

67 68 69
Original content Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Original content Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Original content Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor.
67 68 69

Representing Linear Nonproportional Relationships 98

 Name Class Date

5 Evaluate 4.1 Independent Practice Personal

Math Trainer

Independent Practice COMMON

CORE 8.F.3
Online
Assessment and
my.hrw.com Intervention

COMMON State whether the graph of each linear relationship is a solid line or
CORE 8.F.3
a set of unconnected points. Explain your reasoning.

Pressed for Time 7. The relationship between the number of 8. The relationship between time and
$4 lunches you buy with a $100 school the distance remaining on a 3-mile
4.1 Differentiated Homework Assignments lunch card and the money remaining on walk for someone walking at a steady
the card rate of 2 miles per hour
AL Approaching Level o
 Set of unconnected points; Solid line; Sample answer:
OL On Level 9–12 Sample answer: You cannot buy The distance remaining can be
BL Beyond Level 10–13 a fractional part of a lunch. measured at any moment in
For Below Level students, assign Personal Math time.
Trainer, Daily Intervention 4.1 Homework.
9. Analyze Relationships Simone paid $12 for an initial year’s subscription
COMMON
CORE Mathematical Practices Exercises to a magazine. The renewal rate is $8 per year. This situation can be
represented by the equation y = 8x + 12, where x represents the number
MP.3 -PHJD 10–12 of years the subscription is renewed and y represents the total cost.
MP.4 .PEFMJOH 7–9 a. Make a table of values for this situation. Sample answer:
MP.7 6TJOH
4USVDUVSF 13 x (number of years renewed) 0 1 2 3 4
y (total cost in dollars) 12 20 28 36 44
Focus on Higher Order Thinking
b. Draw a graph to represent the situation. Include a title Magazine
Depth of Knowledge Exercises and axis labels.
Subscription Costs
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

c. Explain why this relationship is not proportional.

2
4LJMMT$PODFQUT 7–11 56
Sample answer: The graph does not

Total cost ($)

48
3
4USBUFHJD
5IJOLJOH
12–13 40
include the origin. Also, the ratio of the
32
total cost and number of years is not 24
16
constant.
8
d. Does it make sense to connect the points on the graph O 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
with a solid line? Explain.
Number of years renewed
No; the number of years must be a whole
number, so total cost goes up in $8
increments.

Lesson 4.1 99

DIFFERENTIATE INSTRUCTION Leveled Homework/Practice

Practice and Problem Solving A/B
Name ________________________________________ Date __________________ Class __________________ Practice and Problem Solving C
Name ________________________________________ Date __________________ Class __________________ Practice and Problem Solving D
Name ________________________________________ Date __________________ Class __________________

LESSON
Representing Linear Nonproportional Relationships LESSON
Representing Linear Nonproportional Relationships /(6621
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x 2 1 0 1 2 x 8 4 0 4 8 x 6 3 0 3 6 x [ −2 −1 0 1 2
y y y y \ − −   
3. y 0.5x  1 4. y 3x  5
Make a table of values and graph the solutions of the equation. 2. \ = −[ − 1
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3. y x2 [ −2 −1 0 1 2
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Make a table of values and graph the solutions of each equation.
y 3. \ = 5[ + 3
1

Personal Math Trainer 5. y

x
2x  1

2 1 0 1 2
6. y 

x
2
x3

4 2 0 2 4
4. A medical delivery service charges $10 for a house call plus
$0.50 per mile. The situation is represented by the equation
[
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y y y 0.5x  10, where x represents the number of miles the

t

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delivery.
a. Make a table of values for this situation.
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x (Number of Miles)

y (Cost of Delivery)
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b. Draw a graph to represent the situation.

5. \ = [ − 2

State whether the graph of each linear relationship is a solid line or a [ −2 −1 0 1 2

c. Explain why this relationship is not proportional.
set of unconnected points. Explain your reasoning.
\
7. The relationship between the height of a tree and the time since the _____________________________________________________________________________________
tree was planted.
_____________________________________________________________________________________

Pages shown are from _________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________
d. Do all points on the graph represent valid charges? Explain.
6. \ = −2[ + 1

[ −2 −1 0 1 2
_____________________________________________________________________________________

Differentiated Instruction. 8. The relationship between the number of $12 DVDs you buy and the
total cost. _____________________________________________________________________________________
\

_________________________________________________________________________________________

Also available online. Original content Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Original content Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Original content Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Additions
tions and changes to the original content are th
the responsibility of the instructor.
64
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